高考英语语法复习专题十一 20页

因材施教知任善育语法系列复习专题十一-----状语从句、常用动词及搭配（一）状语从句状语从句有时间、地点、原因、目的、方式、结果、条件、让步等八种。一、时间状语从句：引导词有after，before，as，once，since，till，until，when，whenever，while，assoonas，themoment/minute…（一…就），thetime,theday,everytime,nexttime,eachtime，bythetimeof，nosooner…than（一…就），hardly…when（一…就）．例如：Each/Everytimehecomeshere,hewilldropinonme.每次他来这儿他都顺便看我．HewasilllasttimeIsawhim.上次我见到他时他病了．Nosoonerhadsheheardthenewsthanshecried.她一听到这个消息就哭了．[辨析]when与whilewhen引导的从句动词可以是延续性的或短暂性的，while引导的从句中动词必须是延续性的；在“be…when…”句式中when表“atthattime(就在这时)”意，这样用的when不能换为while；while有时并不表示时间，而表示对比，意“而”、“却”，when一切都为了孩子为了孩子的一切电话：020—36707006020—28933802 因材施教知任善育无这样的用法。例如：WhenIgothomeIfoundthedoorlocked./While(或When)wewereworkinginthefields,itsuddenlybegantorain./Hewaswanderingthroughthestreetswhenabikehithim./Hispencilisred,whilemineisyellow.[辨析]till与until一般情况下可以互换，但until可以位于句首，till则不能。例如：Untilitstopsraining，thechildrencan×tgoout.雨停了，孩子们才能出去．＝Notuntiltherainstopscanthechildrengoout.二、地点状语从句引导词有where，wherever.例如：I×llgowhereverthepeoplewantmetogo.(wherever＝toanyplacewhere)Heworkswherehisgrandfatherfought.(where＝intheplacewhere)Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.(Where＝Intheplacewhere)三、原因状语从句一切都为了孩子为了孩子的一切电话：020—36707006020—28933802 因材施教知任善育引导词有because,since,as,now(that)(既然)回答以why提出的问题时，只能用because,而不能用as等。since＝now(that),表“既然”意，表示已知的或明显的原因，由此加以推论。例如：Nowthat/Sinceyouarefreetoday,youmayhavearestathomeorgooutforawalk.for是一个并列连词，用来连接两个并列句，引导的句子是对前面一句话的内容的推测或补充说明。例如：Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet./Thedayhasbroken,forthebirdsaresinging.(这两句中的for都不可换为because或as,since等。)四、目的状语引导词有sothat,inorderthat,that,incase（免得，以防）。目的状语从句谓语常含有can/could/may/might/will/would等情态动词。例如：Heranasfastaspossibleinorderthathecouldcatchthebus./PleaseremindmeofitagaintomorrowincaseIforget.请明天再提醒我一下，以免我忘记。五、方式（或比较）状语从句一切都为了孩子为了孩子的一切电话：020—36707006020—28933802 因材施教知任善育引导词有as,asif,asthough,than,as/so…as,themore…themore.例如：Tomisnotso/astallasJohn./Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain./HerunsfasterthanI.注：as…as既可用于肯定句，又可用于否定句，so…as只能用于否定句。六、结果状语从句引导词有so…that,such…that,sothat.例如：1.Heworkssohardthathemakesgreatprogressinhisstudies.2.It×ssuchadifficultproblemthatnobodycanworkitout.3.There×snotanynoiseheresothatIfeelverycomfortable.第3个例句中sothat从句不是目的状语从句，从结构上看没有can,may等情态动词，从意思上看Ifeelverycomfortalbe是There×snotanynoise的结果．七、条件状语从句引导词有if,unless,as/solongas,onconditionthat,incase一切都为了孩子为了孩子的一切电话：020—36707006020—28933802 因材施教知任善育（如果）等，从句的时态用一般现在时（含现在完成时），一般过去时（含过去完成时）分别代替一般将来时和过去将来时。例如：Ifitrainstomorrow,Iwon×tgothere./Hesaidhewouldnotgobackhomeunlesshehadachievedalot./I×llstudysolongas.I×malive./Incasehecome,letmeknow.如果他来的话，告诉我一声。If引导的条件句可以是真实性条件句，也可以是非真实性条件句（用于虚拟语气）八、让步状语从句引导词有though,although,evenif,eventhough,as,whoever,whatever,however,nomatter＋what/who/when/…等。例如：Though/Althoughheisill,hestillgoestoschool./Shestartedherexperiment,eventhoughshehadlittlemoney./Whateveryoufound,youmustturnitin./Howeverhardheworked,hehardlymadeanyprogress.as作“尽管”意时，一般将其句中的表语放在句首，例如：Youngasheis,heknowsalot.＝Althoughheisyoung,heknowsalot.若表语为名词，冠词要省略，例如：Childas/thoughheis,hehasrememberedalotofEnglish一切都为了孩子为了孩子的一切电话：020—36707006020—28933802 因材施教知任善育words.(此句中though不可换为although)although或though不能与but同时出现在一个复合句中，但是“Although/Though…，(and)yet…”句式却是正确的。例如：Althoughitisrainingheavily,yettheyarerepairingthebridge.状语从句考点分析1.IfyougotoXi×an,youwillfindthepalacestheremoremagnificentthancommonly.(上海高考)A.supposingB.supposedC.tosupposeD.suppose析：than后实际上是一个比较状语从句的省略式，其完整形式是thantheyarecommonlysupposed.所以答案为B.2.Wewon×tgiveupweshouldfailtentimes.(NMET)A.evenifB.sinceC.whetherD.until析：观察题干，空白处应填一表“即使”之意的词，故应选A.3.－Whatwasthepartylike?－Wonderful.It×syearsIenjoyedmyselfsomuch.(NMET)一切都为了孩子为了孩子的一切电话：020—36707006020—28933802 因材施教知任善育A.afterB.whenC.beforeD.since析：答话者既然说“Wonderful”,那么后面的话必然是对此作进一步的补充说明，只有选Ｄ项才能表达“我多年未曾这么开心过了”意思。注意这儿的since从句中谓语动词enjoyed是延续动词，该句相当于Ihaven×tenjuedmyselfsomuchforyears.4.Johnplaysfootball,ifnotbetterthan,David.(NMET)A.aswellB.aswellasC.sowellD.sowellas析：ifnotbetterthan是插入语，可将其撇开，这时空白处要填aswellas才能与David相连接，D项在此不可用(so…as只能用于否定句)。A、C两项皆少as，故答案为B。5.Ifweworkwithastrongwill,wecanovercomeanydifficulty,greatitis.(NMET)一切都为了孩子为了孩子的一切电话：020—36707006020—28933802 因材施教知任善育A.whatB.howC.howeverD.whatever析：观察题目，可知空白处要填一词与great合表“无论多大”意。而however＝nomatterhow,与great一起正好表此意，其余项都不能表这意思。故答案为C。6.MotherwasworriedbecauselittleAlicewasill,especiallyFatherwasawayinFrance.(NMET)A.asB.thatC.duringD.if析：首先可以排除C，因为during是介词，不能引导从句。B项that,Ｄ项if都不能引导原因状语，故只能选A、as表“因为”。7.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,,infactIwastalkingaboutmydanughter.A．whomB．whereC．whichD．while析：空白处需填一个表示转折对比的连词，while可表“而”、“却”意，故答案为D.8.IadmithisgoodpointsIcanseehisbadones.一切都为了孩子为了孩子的一切电话：020—36707006020—28933802 因材施教知任善育A.whenB.asC.whileD.before析：若选A、B或D，admit应改为admitted，can应改为could,因为when,as表示“当…的时候”before表“在…之前”，通常涉及过去某时发生的动作、情况．此题选C，while在此不表“当…的时候”意，而表“虽然、尽管”意。全句意思是“尽管我承认他的优点，我还是看到他的缺点”。状语从句专练1.IgettoPairs,I×llcallyouupattheairport.A.SinceB.WhileC.OnceD.Altough2.theheadmastercomes,wewon×tdiscussthisplan.A.UnlessB.IfnotC.ExceptD.Whether3.Billmusthavebeenawayfromtheoffice.howmanytimesIphonedhim,nobodyansweredit.一切都为了孩子为了孩子的一切电话：020—36707006020—28933802 因材施教知任善育A.WhateverB.NomatterC.InspiteofD.Though4.IhadbeentoBeijinglongyouvisitedit.A.beforeB.tillC.afterD.when5.,heisgoodatdrawing.A.TobeachildB.AchildasheisC.AsachildD.Childasheis6.Don×tbediscouragedyouhavefallenbehindothers.A.whetherB.asifC.evenifD.however7.Wecangetthereontimethecardoesn×tbreakdown.A.whileB.aslongasC.sothatD.evenif8.Thevaseontheleftisthantheoneontheright,andnot.A.morenicer；soexpensiveB.muchmorebetter；asexpensiveC.nicer；asexpensiveD.better；such一切都为了孩子为了孩子的一切电话：020—36707006020—28933802 因材施教知任善育expensive9.Itwasn×tlonghejoinedthejob.A.thatB.beforeC.untilD.and10.Theseplanescanflythantheoldones.A.asfastthreetimesB.threetimesasfastC.threetimesfastD.threetimesfaster11.hadthebellrungthestudentstooktheirseats.A.Hardly；whenB.Nosooner；whenC.Hardly；thanD.Nosooner；then12.manytimes，buthestillcouldn×tunderstandit.A.HavingbeentoldB.ThoughhadbeentoldC.HewastoldD.Havingtold13.wehavecome,let×sstayandenjoyit.一切都为了孩子为了孩子的一切电话：020—36707006020—28933802 因材施教知任善育A.ForB.AsC.BecauseD.Since14.You×dbetterdoyouarerequired.A.likeB.whichC.thatD.as15.thatnoneofuscouldfollowhim.A.HespokeveryfastB.SofasthespokeC.ToofasthespokeD.Sofastdidhespeak16.I×llstartearly,itmaybedark.A.howeverB.whetherC.ifD.though17.thebabyfellasleeptheroom.A.After；didthemotherleaveB.Notuntil；didthemotherleaveC.Notuntil；themotherleftD.Soonafter；themotherhadleft18.thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.SinceC.AsD.While一切都为了孩子为了孩子的一切电话：020—36707006020—28933802 因材施教知任善育19.Hecan×thavegoneout,thelightisstillon.A.becauseB.sinceC.asD.for20.IwaswalkingalongtheriverIheardacryforhelp.A.whileB.sinceC.whenD.as21.Weshouldn×tdothatdangerousexperimenttheteacheriswithas.A.ifnotB.ifC.unlessD.aslongas22.Hehaslittleeducationheisunabletofindajob.A.such；thatB.so；andC.so；thatD.such；and23.Thesoldierwaswounded，hepushedon.A.forB.andC.soD.yet24.Thefullletterreadsfollows.A.likeB.asC.thatD.which25.Willyougoourmotherlandneedsusmostafter一切都为了孩子为了孩子的一切电话：020—36707006020—28933802 因材施教知任善育graduation?A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.totheplacewhich26.Thisisarevisionpaper.Whenyoudoit,you×dbettermakeamarkyouhavequestions.A.whereB.theplaceC.asifD.since27.Waterpowerstationarebuiltbigwaterfalls.A.wherethereareB.wheretherehaveC.whichhasD.whichare28.IamsureI×llmeetkind－heartedmanIgo.A.whereB.totheplacewhereC.whereverD.theplace29.Sheissogoodatplayingtable－tennisthatshecanhittheballshewantsittogo.A.theplacewhereB.thatC.inwhichD.where30.Itwashismothercameintopreparehis一切都为了孩子为了孩子的一切电话：020—36707006020—28933802 因材施教知任善育lessons.A.notuntil；didtheboybeginB.until；thattheboybeganC.until；didtheboybeginD.notuntil；thattheboybegan状语从句专练答案：1－5CABAD6－10CBCBD11－15ACDDD16－20DBCDC21－25CCDBB26－30AACDD常用动词搭配（一）△含break词组：1.breakawayfrom摆脱、逃掉、改掉、断绝来往。例：Thelittleboybrokeawayfromhismotherandranaway.一切都为了孩子为了孩子的一切电话：020—36707006020—28933802 因材施教知任善育2.breakdown损坏、身体衰弱。例：Thecarbrokedown.3.breakin闯入、插嘴。vi.例：Don×tbreakinwhenothersarespeaking.4.breakinto闯入、打断，突然开始。例：Theybrokeintothehouse.5.breakout爆发、发生。例：Aquarrelbrokeoutbetweenthem.△含call词组：1.callfor叫（某人），接（某人），要求、需要。例：I×llcallforyoutomorrowmorning.2.callin召集、召来。例：We×dbettercallinadoctor.3.callon/upon访问、探望（某人）、号召。例：Icalledonhimyesterday.4.callat访问、探望（某处）。例：Ihopetocallatyourofficesomeday.5.callup给…打电话、使人想起。例：Thepicturecallsupscenesofmychildhood.△含catch词组1.catch/take/getholdof握、抓住。例：Hecaughtholdof一切都为了孩子为了孩子的一切电话：020—36707006020—28933802 因材施教知任善育thepig×sear.2.catchsightof＝see看到、发现。例：Thelittlegirlcriedassoonasshecaughtsightofhermother.3.catchupwith赶上。例：Hetriedtocatchupwithhisclassmates.△含come词组1.comealong一起来，来到、快点。例：Comealong,orwe×llbelate.2.comeback回来，恢复知觉、复活、被回忆起来。例：Whenhecamebackhefoundhimeselftiedtoatree.3.comedown下来，下降、跌价。例：Idon×tthinkthepriceofmeatwillcomedown.4.comein进来。vi.5.comeon/upon快点、赶快、进展、进行、偶遇。6.comeout出来、出版。例：Themagazinecomesoutweekly.7.cometo到达、谈到、涉及、合计、总计。一切都为了孩子为了孩子的一切电话：020—36707006020—28933802 因材施教知任善育8.comeup走过来、走近、长出、发芽。例：Theseedshasn×tcomeupyet.△cost，spend，pay，take1.cost句型：sth.costmoney/time；sth.costsb.time/money/劳力2.spend句型：表“花费时”：sb.spendtime/moneyonsth./(in/on)doingsth.表“度过时”：sb.spendtime等＋介词＋场所、活动等。例：Wespenttwohoursinapleasanttalkyesterday.3.pay句型：paysb.(money),pay(money)forsth,paysb.forsth,sb.ispaid词组：payoff付清，payback归还、偿还、报答，payattentionto注意4.take句型：1)sth.takestime/money/energy例：Thejourneywilltaketwodays.2)sth.takestime/money/energytodo例：Theworktookusthreehourstofinish.3)Ittakes(sb.)time/money/energytodosth.一切都为了孩子为了孩子的一切电话：020—36707006020—28933802 因材施教知任善育take词组：1)take…away.拿走、移动2)takeback收回、撤消3)takecareof照顾、注意4)takedown记下、写下、取下5)takeoff脱去、起飞6)takeplace发生、举行7)takeup提出，从事，占（时间、地点等）例：takeupaproblem提出一个问题，takeupthestruggle从事斗争，takeupmuchroom占很多地方8)take…out取出、拿出△含do词组1.dosomecleaning/washing/shopping/…打扫卫生／洗东西／买东西／…2.doone×slessons/homework做功课／做作业3.dowrong做坏事、犯罪4.dosb.good/harm/wrong/afavour＝dogood/harm/wrong/afavourforsb.对某人有益／有害／冤枉／帮忙一切都为了孩子为了孩子的一切电话：020—36707006020—28933802 因材施教知任善育5.doawaywith取消、废除6.doone×sbest尽力、努力7.dowellin做得好，在…方面取得好成绩8.dowith对付、处理，与…相处。例：Heisdifficulttodowith.他很难处。9.havesth.todowith与…有关10.dosomething/nothing采取措施／未采取措施一切都为了孩子为了孩子的一切电话：020—36707006020—28933802