【教案】高考英语语法复习教案-非谓语动词 8页

学习必备欢迎下载非谓语动词考纲新研读1.非谓语动词的形式(以动词do为例)动词不定式动词的-ing形式动词过去分词一般式tododoingdone一般被动式tobedonebeingdone完成式tohavedonehavingdone完成被动式tohavebeendonehavingbeendone进行式tobedoing完成进行式tohavebeendoing2.非谓语动词在句子中的作用主语宾语表语定语状语补语动词不定式√√√√√√动词的-ing形式√√√√√√动词过去分词√√√√√√3.非谓语动词的用法动词不定式(1)用作主语：Tolearnaforeignlanguagewellisnoteasy.Itisnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguagewell.(2)用作宾语：Whatdoyouliketodobesidesswim?Doyouthinkitnecessarytogothere?(3)用作表语：精品学习资料可选择pdf第1页，共8页----------------------- 学习必备欢迎下载Allshewoulddowastogohome.(4)用作宾补：Iwarnedtheboynottobelateagain.Hesawherleavethehouse.Shewasseentoleavethehouse.Heoftenhelpsme(to)learnEnglish.Withnoonetohelphim,hecan’tdoit.Withsomanyproblemstosettle,themanagercan’tleaveforholidays.【注意】用于不带to的不定式作宾补的的动词有：feel,hear,see,notice,observe,watch,listento,lookat,have,make,let等。但变为被动语态时需要带to。例如：Inoticedherentertheoffice.Weheardhimsingeveryday.Santa’sfathermadeherpromisethatshewouldn’twritetomeorsendmeanyword.(5)用作定语：Ihavenothingtowrite(towriteon/towritewith).Iwasthefirsttocometoschool.Wehavenotimetothinkaboutrest.(6)用作状语：常表示原因、结果、条件、目的等。Hestoppedtotalktoanoldman.(目的)Irushedtothestation,onlytofindthetrainalreadygone.(结果)Hewashappytohearthenews.(原因)另外：inorderto;soasto引导目的状语，“为了,以便”;so...asto引导结果状语，“太⋯⋯以致⋯⋯”。(7)用在疑问词后面，如whattodo,构成不定式复合结构,相当于名词，作主语、宾语和表语。例如：Thequestioniswheretogetacomputer.(表语)Ireallydon’tknowwhattodo.(宾语)Howtogetridofthepollutionisstillaproblem.(主语)【注意】不定式也有一定的时态和语态；有否定式、完成式、进行式、被动式等和自己的逻辑主语：(1)被动形式：Heaskedtobesenttothefront.(2)进行式：Hepretendedtobelisteningattentively.(3)完成式：Heissaidtohavegoneabroad.精品学习资料可选择pdf第2页，共8页----------------------- 学习必备欢迎下载(4)否定式：(to)前加not：Hepretendednottohaveseenme.(5)不定式的逻辑主语有两种情况(用forsb.或ofsb.)：It’shightimeforustoplanttrees.It’sverykindofyoutosayso.动词的过去分词(1)作定语及物动词的过去分词，既表被动又表完成；不及物动词的过去分词，只表示完成。单个的分词作定语，放在它所修饰的词的前面;分词短语作定语，放在它所修饰的词的后面。例如：Abrokencupislyingonthefloor.Themeetingheldyesterdaywasveryimportant.(2)作表语：表状态，与句子主语是被动关系。例如：Heseemedquitedelightedattheidea.Thecityissurroundedonthreesidesbymountains.(3)作状语动词的过去分词相当于副词，可以在句子中作状语，与句子主语是逻辑上的主谓关系，两者往往是被动关系，即主语是过去分词动作的承受者。Seenfromspace,theearthlookslikeaball.ComparedwiththepeopleinIraq,wearemuchhappier.名词加过去分词，构成独立结构，用作状语。Allthingsconsidered,herpaperisofgreatervaluethanyours.(4)作宾补作宾语补足语的过去分词，大都来自及物动词。分词与宾语是被动关系。不及物动词的过去分词作宾补,与宾语是主动关系,表示动作已经发生。Isawthehousebrokeninto.Thereissomethingwrongwithmyradio.Iwillhaveitrepaired.Theemperororderedthecloth(tobe)wovenforhimatonce.Hecamein,withhishandstiedattheback.动词的-ing形式动词的-ing形式相当于名词、形容词、副词等,也保留了动词的某些特征。(1)作主语：Talkingiseasierthandoing.It’snousetalkingaboutit.(2)作宾语：精品学习资料可选择pdf第3页，共8页----------------------- 学习必备欢迎下载Heisafraidofbeingscolded.Ifounditnousetalkingwithhim.有些动词后面只能接doing。如：admit,avoid,consider,delay,enjoy,escape,finish,imagine,keep,miss,mention,practice,risk,stop,suggest等。有些动词后面只能接todo。如：agree,decide,expect,hope,long(渴望),manage,plan,pretend,refuse,wish等。有些动词后面接doing和todo都可以，且意思差别细微，或看作没差别。如：begin,start,hate,like,love,continue,refer等；但另一类词差别很大。如：forget,remember,mean,try,regret等。还有goon;remindsb.ofdoingsth.(使人想起)和remindsb.todo(提醒)。另外，stopdoing停止干；stoptodo停下来去干某事，todo是目的状语。(3)作表语：Seeingisbelieving.Thestoryismoving/exciting/interesting.(4)作宾补：Isawthemcomingacrosstheroad.Theyhadtheirlightsburningallnightlong.(5)作定语：Thereisaswimmingpoolinourschool.Chinaisadevelopingcountry.(6)作状语：Beingill,shewenthome.Havingfinishedtheirhomework,theyhadarest.Whilereadingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime.【注意】1.动词-ing形式的逻辑主语有三种形式：(1)doing前加物主代词。如：mydoing；(2)doing前加名词所有格。如：Tom’sdoing；(3)作宾语时doing前可加人称代词宾格。如：medoing。例如:Mary’scominglatemadeMr.Smithangry.Shedidn’tmindhis(him)crying.2.否定式在其前面加not;完成式havingdone;被动式beingdone。例如:Notknowingwhattodo,heturnedtohisteacherforhelp.Havingfinishedtheirhomework,theywatchedTV.Hehadhopedtotakehisseatwithoutbeingseen.精品学习资料可选择pdf第4页，共8页----------------------- 学习必备欢迎下载3.独立结构：Weatherpermitting(Ifweatherpermits),we’llhaveasportsmeetnextweek.Weatherbeingsofine(Asweatherissofine),wehavedecidedtogoonanouting.Therebeingnobuses,wehadtowalkhome.4.with复合结构：Theyslept,withthelightsburning.高考新剖析1.Nowadayspeoplesometimesseparatetheirwastetomakeiteasierforit_________.［20XX年高考湖南卷］A.reusingB.reusedC.reusesD.tobereused2.SchoolsacrossChinaareexpectedtohire50,000collegegraduatesthisyearasshort-termteachers,almostthreetimesthenumberhiredlastyear,__________reduceunemploymentpressures.［20XX年高考江苏卷］A.helpB.tohavehelpedC.tohelpD.havinghelpedDC3.Distinguishedguestsandfriends,welcometoourschool.__________theceremonyofthe50thAnniversarythismorningareouralumni(校友)fromhomeandabroad.［20XX年高考江苏卷］A.AttendB.ToattendC.AttendingD.Havingattended4.Theyusecomputerstokeepthetraffic__________smoothly.［20XX年高考全国卷Ⅱ］A.beingrunB.runC.torunD.running5.Nowthatwe’vediscussedourproblem,arepeoplehappywiththedecisions_________？［20XX年高考全国卷Ⅰ］A.takingB.takeC.takenD.totake6.Ifthere’salotofwork_________,I’mhappytojustkeeponuntilitisfinished.［20XX年高考上海卷］A.todoB.tobedoingC.doneD.doingCDC精品学习资料可选择pdf第5页，共8页----------------------- 学习必备欢迎下载A7.Ifeelgreatlyhonored__________intotheirsociety.［20XX年高考北京卷］A.towelcomeB.welcomingC.tobewelcomedD.welcomed8.Somethingassimpleas__________somecoldwatermayclearyourmindandrelievepressure.［20XX年高考上海卷］A.todrinkB.drinkingC.tobedrinkingD.drunk9.Mysister,aninexperiencedrider,wasfoundsittingonthebicycle__________tobalanceit.［20XX年高考上海卷］A.havingtiredB.tryingC.totryD.tried10.Ideally__________forBroadwaytheatresandFifthAvenue,theNewYorkParkhotelisafavoritewithmanyguests.［20XX年高考上海卷］A.locatingB.beinglocatedC.havingbeenlocatedD.locatedCBBD11.Thechildrenallturned__________thefamousactressassheenteredtheclassroom.［20XX年高考全国卷Ⅰ］A.lookedatB.tolookatC.tolookingatD.lookat12.__________,youneedtogiveallyouhaveandtryyourbest.［20XX年高考辽宁卷］A.BeingawinnerB.TobeawinnerC.BeawinnerD.Havingbeenawinner13.__________inthequeueforhalfanhour,theoldmansuddenlyrealizedhehadleftthechequeinthecar.［20XX年高考福建卷］A.WaitingB.TowaitC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited14.—Canthose__________atthebackoftheclassroomhearme?—Noproblem.［20XX年高考福建卷］A.seatB.sitC.seatedD.satBBC精品学习资料可选择pdf第6页，共8页----------------------- 学习必备欢迎下载C15.Myparentshavealwaysmademe__________aboutmyself,evenwhenIwastwelve.A.feelingwellB.feelinggoodC.feelwellD.feelgood精题新探究1.Whichdoyouenjoy__________yourholiday,goingabroadorstayingathome?A.spendingB.tospendC.beingspentD.spend2.Thepilotfeltsomething__________wrongwiththeenginejustbeforetheplanetookoff.A.goB.wentC.wasgoingD.togo3.—Whydoyoulooksad?—Therearesomanyproblems__________.A.remainingtosettleB.remainedsettlingC.remainingtobesettledD.remainedtobesettledDBAC4.—Doyouknowwhytheypractise__________basketballeveryday?—Theypractise__________inthebasketballmatchofourschool.A.playing;tojoinB.playing;joiningC.toplay;tojoinD.toplay;joining5.Lily’smobilephonewasleftinataxiaccidentally,never__________again.A.tofindB.tobefoundC.findingD.beingfound6.—Wedidn’tfindtheBlacks_________thelecture.—Noonehadtoldthemabout__________alecturethefollowingday.A.toattend;theretobeB.attending;therebeingC.attended;therebeD.attend;therewas7.Theinternationalagreement,__________encouragechildrennottosmokeandhelppeoplekickthehabit,wassignedonFebruary27.A.intendingtoB.beingintendedtoC.intendedtoD.tointendtoAB精品学习资料可选择pdf第7页，共8页----------------------- 学习必备欢迎下载BC8.__________twiceayear,whetheritisacarorabusoratruck,istherulethateverydrivermustobeyinthiscity.A.BeingexaminedB.ExaminedC.ExaminingD.Havingbeenexamined9.Themanwefollowedsuddenlystoppedandlookedasif__________whetherhewasgoingintherightdirection.A.seeingB.havingseenC.toseeD.tohaveseen10.__________horrible,themedicinewasthrownawaybythechild.A.TastedB.TastingC.TotasteD.Beingtasted11.Thelong-lastingmeetingendedinfailure,_________noagreements.A.toreachB.wouldreachC.reachingD.reached12.Tompretended__________it,butinfact,heknewitverywell.A.notlistentoB.nottohearaboutC.nottohaveheardaboutD.nottolistenACBCC13.Evenifthetroopscanbefound,__________themremainsaproblem.A.equipsB.equippedC.havingequippedD.equipping14.Heshowedusagoodtyreforcomparisonwiththeone__________.A.wearingB.wornC.tearingD.torn15.__________ontimeisoneofourprinciples.Andwedoourbestforcustomers.A.DelivergoodsB.DeliveringgoodsC.DeliveredgoodsD.HavingdeliveredgoodsDBB精品学习资料可选择pdf第8页，共8页-----------------------