【知识】九年级英语语法讲解人教版知识精讲 8页

初三英语语法讲解人教版（朗文）【本讲教育信息】一.教学内容：语法讲解名词名词可以分为专有名词（ProperNouns）和普通名词（CommonNouns），专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sadness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类：名专有名词China,Ann,theGreatWall个体名词gun,country,可数名student词集体名词people普通名词物质名词paper,police不可数词名词抽象名词homeworkI.可数名词的复数形式的构成：1.一般情况2.结尾是s,x,ch,sh的3.辅音字母加y结尾的4.以f,fe结尾的5.以o结尾的6.不规则变化：a.改变拼写的：man-men,child-children,woman-women,Englishman-Englishmenb.单复数相同的：Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer.c.集体名词以单数形式出现，其实是复数的意义。people,policed.表示国民总称时用作复数形式。theChinese,theBritish,theJapanese,theFrenche.以s结尾仍为单数形式。news,maths,polices,physics,theUnitedStates,theUnitedNations.f.有些名词只有复数形式。glasses,trousers,clothes,thanks.g.有些名词的复数形式与单数形式意义不同。goods货物,waters水域,fishes（各种）鱼，people各族人民。II.不可数名词的量1.milk,water,tea,orange,meat,bread,rice,air,food,work,hair没有复数形式，谓语动词用单数。2.用量词来表示数量，apieceofbread,twopiecesofmeat,glass,pair,tin,box,basket,pair.精品学习资料可选择pdf第1页，共8页----------------------- III.名词的所有格冠词不定冠词a,an的用法泛指一类人或事物的一个或一类。（MissGaoisanEnglishteacher.）指某人或某物，但不具体说明。（Iborrowedadictionaryfromthelibrary.）表示数量，但语气不如one强。（Theelephanthasalongnoseandtwobigteeth.）表示单位，相当于“每”。（WehavefiveEnglishclassesaweek.）用在固定词组中。（afew,alittle,alotof,abit,amoment,later,apieceof,apairof）在以元音开头名词前用an。（anhour,anAmerican,aneye,anoldman）定冠词the的用法特指某（些）人和某（些）事物。（What’stheweatherlike?）复述上文提到的人和物。（Iborrowedapicturebookyesterday.Thebookisveryinteresting.）谈话双方都知道的人和物。（Whereisthebook?It’sinthedesk.）用在表示世界上独一无二的事物上。（thesun,themoon,theearth）用在序数词和形容词最高级前。（Thefirstoneisthelongestofall.）用在江河、山脉、湖泊等的名词前。（theWestHill,theWestLake）和姓氏的复数形式一起表示全家。（theGreens）用在乐器名称前。（playthepiano）用在很多习惯用法中。（inthemorning,thehighjump,thedayaftertomorrow）不用冠词的情况专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词前。（China,homework,wood）在表示一类人或一类事物的复数名词前。（LiLei’sparentsarebothteachers.）在节日、假日、星期几、月份、季节等名词前。（Teachers’Day,Monday,June,summer）在称呼语、表示头衔、职务的名词前。（LiLei,Mr.Smith,DoctorBlack）在一日三餐或球类运动前。（havebreakfast/lunch/supper,playbasketball/volleyball/football）在某些固定词组里的名词前。（inbed,atnoon,gotoschool,athome）数词I.基数词II.序数词III.年月日的表达法IV.交际活动中的数词表达法（No.161MiddleSchool,Room301,Row4,page25,Lesson19）V.千位以内的表达法VI.分数表达法：分子为基数词，分母为序数词，分子大于一时，分母的序数词应用复数形式。Two-thirdsoftheteachersinourschoolarewomen.1/2onehalf1/4one-fourth（onequarter）1/3onethird3/4three-fourths（threequarter）VII.单位的表达法（长、宽、高、距离等）halfametredeep400metreswide精品学习资料可选择pdf第2页，共8页----------------------- 1,7000kilometreslongthousandsofkilometersawayfrom【模拟试题】（答题时间：90分钟）I.选择填空（）1.Wewillgoonapicnicifit______finethisSunday.A.isB.areC.willbeD.was（）2.Myparentsare______doctorsinthePeopleHospital.’sA.allB.bothC.eitherD.neither（）3.Idon’thinkJimcanrun______Tom.A.sofastasB.asfasterasC.fasterasD.thefastestas（）4.Thereisaseatleftforyou.______sitonthestairs.A.NotB.Don’tC.NottositD.Sitnot（）5.Canyoutellmehowto______“pengyou”inEnglish?A.tellB.askC.sayD.talkth（）6.Thecaraccidenthappened______theeveningofNovember15,2000.A.inB.onC.forD.talk（）7.Whojumped______,LiLei,LiPingorWangDong?A.fartherB.farthestC.thefartherD.asfar（）8.“WherecanIfindMrBrown?”“He______tothedininghall.”A.wentB.hasgoneC.hasbeenD.wasgoing（）9.Janesaidshewouldcomehere______9:00and9:30tomorrowmorning.A.fromB.atC.betweenD.around（）10.Yourideaisagoodone.Ithinkwecan______.A.tryoutitB.trythemoutC.tryoutthemD.tryitout（）11.Whatmakesyou______sheisarichwoman?A.tothinkB.thinkC.thinkingD.thought（）12.Don’tforgettobringthekeystothecar,______?A.doyouB.aren’tyouC.willnotyouD.willyou（）13.Hehasneverseensuchabeautifulpicture,_______?A.hasn’theB.hasheC.doesheD.doesn’het（）14.Look!Thefarmworkersarebusy______pears.A.topickB.pickedC.pickingD.topicking（）15.Nonews________goodnews.A.areB.isC.wereD.hasbeen（）16.He______hereinJapanfornearlythreemonths.A.hasgoneB.hasbeentoC.hasbeenD.hasgoneto（）17.Idon’tthinkJameswillgoclimbingwithus.Heprefers________to______.A.swim,climbB.toswim,toclimbC.swimming,climbingD.swims,climbs（）18.Pleasehelpme.Theboxontheshelfis______high______reach.A.too,toB.to,tooC.so,thatD.very,to（）19.ThisisJack.Heisagoodfriendof______.A.meB.myC.ID.mine精品学习资料可选择pdf第3页，共8页----------------------- （）20.Doyouknow______thisevening?A.whatdoB.whatdowedoC.whattodoD.whatwetodoII.完形填空Lindawasafewminuteslate.Wilsonhad1theofficewhenshegotthere.Hissecretarytoldherhewouldbebackinafewminutes.Shehadtositdownandwaitinouteroffice.“I’ll2getthisjob,”shetoldherself.Foramomentshe3torunoutofthebuilding.Justthen,Wilsoncamethroughthedoorandhurriedintohisoffice.AfewsecondslaterhissecretarytookLindainandtoldWilsonher4.Lindasaidsorrytohimforbeinglate.Wilsondidnotseemto5.Thentheyhadashorttalkandgotdownto6.Hetookoutherletterapplyingforthejoband7it.“You’veneverworkedinradioortelevisionbefore,haveyou?”heasked.Lindaansweredthatshewas8shehadn’t.Nowshewasevenmoresurethatshewouldnot9thejob.10Wilsonaskedherafewquestions.Tohersurpriseheseemedtobe11inher.Shewasevenmore12whenheaskedherifshecouldstartsoon.Itseemedshehadgotthejobafterall.（）1.A.returnedB.leftC.closedD.reached（）2.A.certainlyB.againC.almostD.never（）3.A.wantedB.triedC.hadD.began（）4.A.ageB.nameC.familyD.address（）5.A.mindB.understandC.startD.excuse（）6.A.workB.dinnerC.restD.business（）7.A.readB.turnedC.wroteD.posted（）8.A.sureB.afraidC.happyD.clear（）9.A.begivenB.belostC.begotD.befinished（）10.A.FirstB.SoC.ThenD.Hardly（）11.A.angryB.pleasedC.carefulD.interested（）12.A.sorryB.terribleC.surprisedD.tiredIII.阅读理解January12Itbegantosnowlastnight.Ican’tseethevillagebeloworthemountaintopabove.Ihopewehaveenoughfood.ThepuppiesJigsandReelsarewithme,andtheyeatmorethanIdo.January16Stillsnowing.Thedogshavehadnothingtoeatsinceyesterdaymorning.Anhouragotheywantedtogoout.Theyknowthatthingsaren’righthere.IputthemoutthroughawindowtbecauseIcan’topenthedoor.Thesnowistwometersdeepoutside.January17JigsandReelsdidn’tcomebacklastnight.“Dead,”Ithought.They’reonlyfivemonthsold.Thisweatherkillsthem.Butatthemid-morningIheardthemcallingme.Ilookedoutandnotbelievemyeyes–theyweredraggingabigrabbitthroughthesnow.Theydroppedhimthroughthewindowintomyhands.Rabbitsfordinner!January18Stillsnowing,andthewindisstrong.JigsandReelshavebeenoutagain.Whatdoyouthink精品学习资料可选择pdf第4页，共8页----------------------- ththeybroughtback?Twogreypigeons!Ifinishedmyownfoodonthe16-sohowgladIam!January20Betterweathertoday,buttheskyisstilldark.Threemetersofsnowoutside.Reelskilledanotherrabbit,nearthehouse.Iwatchedhowhedidit.Thenheleft,Jigsbroughtithomeproudly.January25We’vehaveeatenfourrabbits,eightpigeonsandotherbirds.Thepuppieshavegrownupinaweek.They’redognow,andtheyhavesavedmylife.It’sverycold,butthesunisoverheard.TomorrowI’lltrytogetdowntothevillage.（）1.Whereisthewriter’shouse?A.Inthevillage.B.Belowthevillage.C.Higherthanthevillage.D.Bythevillage.（）2.Thedogshavehadnothingtoeatathomesinceyesterdaybecause______.A.theyarehungryB.theirfoodhasbeeneatenupC.theyaretoosicktoeatanythingD.theyliketolookforfoodoutside（）3.JigsandReelsdidn’tcomebackonJanuary16,thewriterthoughtthey______.A.diedbecauseoftheweatherB.diedofhungryC.werepickedupbysomeoneD.losttheirway（）4.Howdoyouunderstandthesentence“thedogsknowthatthingsaren’trighthere.”?A.It’sverycoldoutside.B.Wewillgohungryanddie.C.Ican’topenthedoor.D.Someanimalswillfightwiththem.IV.选词填空before,getin,beautiful,high,bring,make,inreturn,grow,do,because1.Themandidn’twanttogooutofthetrain________itwasraining.2.Cananimals________toworkforus?3.Wehavedecidedtovisitmostoftheparksinthecity________weleaveChina.4.Theyknowtheywillgetsomethingtoeat____________.5.Maryjumps_____________thanshedidlastyear.6.Thefarmers_____________tothecropsnow.7.Afterhehadfinishedthehomework,he_________itherethatday.8.Nooneknowshoworwherethesepeoplelearnabout_________food.9.Whichpictureis___________,thisoneorthatone?10.Weknowifweteachsomeanimals__________somework,theycandothework.V.完成句子1.这台计算机怎么了？我怎么关不上它了._______________________thiscomputer?Ican’tturnitoff.2.警察们尽最大的努力保持交通通畅。Thepolicetriedhardto______________________________.3.一点儿也没有焦虑的事情。Thereis__________________________________________.4.与他交谈是很必要的。精品学习资料可选择pdf第5页，共8页----------------------- __________________________________totalktohim.5.或者你退出或者我们退出。_______________youstop,____________wewashourhandsofthebusiness.VI.补全对话A:1______________________________.B:It’snowing.Butits’notverycold.Theweathermansaysitwillclearuptomorrowsmorning.A:2_______________________________________B:It’-4to3.sA:3_______________________________________B:Notveryoften.Butthiswinteritsnowsalot.A:4______________________________________B:Spring?Oh,itgetswarmfast.Butthewindisstrong.A:5______________________________________B:Autumn.It’sneitherhotnorclod.A:Andit’snotwindy,isit?B:Youareright.VII.阅读回答问题Samlovedtoscubadive.Helovedtobeinthedeepwater.OneSaturdayafternoonSamwasscubadivingneartheFloridacoast.Hewaslookingatsomebeautifulfish.Suddenly,thewaterpulledhimdown.Samtriedtoswimup.Thewaterpulledhimdownagain.Samlookeddownandwasahugepipe;itwasabout16feetacross.Thepipewasontheoceanfloor.ThewaterwaspullingSamintothepipe!Again,Samtriedtoswimup.Again,thewaterpulledhimdown.Afewsecondslater,Samwasinsidethepipe.Thewaterwasstillpullinghim.Wherewashegoing?Whatwasattheendofthepipe?ThenSamremembered:Therewasanuclearplantnearby.Thepipewenttothenuclearplant!Whatwasattheendofthepipe?Probablyapump.Forlongminutes,Samwasinthepipe.Hecouldseenothing.Everythingwasblack.ThenSamsawsomethingblue.Whatwasit?Whatwasattheendofpipe?Itwasthebluesky?Samwasoutofthepipe.Hewasinapoolofwaterattheunclearpowerplant.Luckily,therewasnopumpattheendofthepipe.Therewasonlyapoolofwater.AworkerattheunclearpowerplantpulledSamoutofthewater.Samhadafewcutsonhislegsandarms,buthewasnotreallyhurt.Samhasanewhobbynow.Hedoesn’tscubadive.Hecollectsstamps.1.WhatwasSam’shobby?2.WhathappenedonedaywhenSamwasscubadiving?3.WhatpulledSamintothepipe?4.WhatdidSamseeinthepipe?5.WhydidSamstopscubadiving?VIII.书面表达精品学习资料可选择pdf第6页，共8页----------------------- 你有过去超市购物的经历吗？请你谈一谈这次经历。（提示词供选用）supermarketexperienceforgettotakemoneyforgettotakethefruitback试题答案I.1-5ABABC6-10BBBCD11-15BDBCB16-20CCADCII.1-5BDABA6-10DABAC11-12DCIII.1-4CBABIV.1.because2.bemade3.before4.inreturn5.higher6.aregetting7.brought8.growing9.morebeautiful10.todoV.1.What’swrongwiththecomputer?Ican’tturnitoff.2.Thepolicetriedhardtokeepthetrafficmoving（going）.3.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.4.It’snecessarytotalktohim.5.Eitheryoustop,orwewashourhandsofthebusiness.VI.1.What’stheweatherliketoday?2.What’sthetemperaturetomorrow?3.Doesitoftensnowhere?4.What’stheweatherlikeinspring?5.WhichseasondoyouthinkisthebestseasoninBeijing?VII.1.Scubadiving.2.Hewaspulledintoabigpipe.3.Water.4.Nothing.5.Becausescubadivingwasdangerous.VIII.ThefirsttimeIwenttothesupermarketalonewasquiteexperience.Earlythatmorningmymothersaiditwasmyfatherbirthdayandaskedmetohelpherwithsomeshopping.Iwentto’sthesupermarketandboughtsomevegetables,somemeatandfruit.SuddenlyIrememberedIhadn’thadmoneyonme.SoIrodebackhomequickly.AfterIpaidallthemoneyandwenthome,IfoundIhadforgottentotakethefruitback.HowcarelessIwas.精品学习资料可选择pdf第7页，共8页----------------------- 精品学习资料可选择pdf第8页，共8页-----------------------