英语语法PPT课堂课件-状语从句 43页

状语从句一一：：时时间间状状语语从从句句ll１１，，连连词词：：when,while,as,till/until,when,while,as,till/until,before,after,since,once,assoonasbefore,after,since,once,assoonas，，everytime,themoment,theminuteeverytime,themoment,theminute，，nonosooner..thanhardlysooner..thanhardly……whenwhen等等 ：２２．．主主要要考考点点l1.考考点点⑴when&while&aswhen&while&aslDon’tbeafraidofaskingforhelpDitisneeded.lA．unlessB．sinceC.althoughD．Whenl根据句意，此处只能为时间状语从句，故答案为D。unless引导条件状语从句，意为“除非”although引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”；since虽引导时间状语从句，但意思为“从…以来”，这些都与题意无关。引导时间状语的引导词很多，复习when时要注意比较它与while与as的区别。 when,while,aswhile表时间，从句需用延续性动词，不用瞬间动词；when表时间，从句既可用延续性动词，又可以用瞬间动词；when,while后还可以接分词短语。while作并列连词，表示两种情况对比。HewasplayingtheguitarwhilehissisterwaswatchingTV.as表时间，与when相似，但侧重强调主、从句动作同点或同段进行，可用延续动词的一般过去式表式过去进行时。 考点⑵till/until“直到….为止”1)—Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?C—Yes.Hehadneverpraisedhimhebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.A．afterB．unlessC．untilD．When2)Simonthoughthiscomputerwasbroken________hislittlebrotherpointedoutthatAhehadforgottentoturniton.A.untilB.unlessC.afterD.because until/till“直到……止”(肯定句，主句是延续性动词);not…until“直到……才”(否定句，主句是终止性动词);until可用于倒装句和强调句，till不用于句首。NotuntilIreturneddidshefinishherhomework.ItwasnotuntilIreturnedhomethatshefinishedherhomework. 考考点点⑶⑶whenwhen的的两两个个句句型型llSbSbisabouttodoisabouttodosthsthwhenwhen。。。。。。。。llSbSbisdoingisdoingsthsthwhenwhen。。。。。。。。when作并列连词，表示一个动作在发生时，另一个动作接着发生，这时就不能用while、as。lWhenIwasabouttocallPeterwhenthetelephonesuddenlyrang.lIwaswalkingonthestreetwhensuddenlysomeonepattedmeontheshoulder. ccll句句ee型型：：““iitt自自从从iiss””//￿￿hhaassbbeeeenn++一一段段时时间间＋＋ssiinnccee++从从句句llEEgg..iittiisstthhrreeeeddaayyssssiinncceeIIlleeffttBBeeiijjiinngg..llIItthhaassbbeeeenn1100yyeeaarrssssiinncceeIIssmmookkeedd.. ⑸⑸llNosoonerhadNosoonerhadsbsb.donethan.donethansbsb.did.didsthsth..llHardlyhadHardlyhadsbsb.donewhen.donewhensbsb.did.didsthsth..llScarcelyhadScarcelyhadsbsb.donewhen.donewhensbsb.did.didsthsth..一一............就就……..ll用用于于句句首首,,要要求求倒倒装装llEgEg.Nosooner.Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanhadhearrivedthanhewenthewentawayagain.awayagain. 考点（6）1、TheAmericanCivilWarlastedfourByears______theNorthwonintheend.A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.then2、Hemadeamistake,butthenhecorrectedthesituation_____itgotCworse.A.untilB.whenC.beforeD.as before从句要注意它的翻译：在肯定句中一般翻译成“…（主句的动作）才…（从句的动作）”，如题1；或“还没有…（从句的动作）就…（主句的动作）”，如题2。 考点（7）—DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?B—Yes,Igaveittoher_______Isawher.A．whileB．themomentC．suddenlyD．once thetime/themoment/minute/second/theinstant/nexttime/thefirsttime/thelasttime/immediately/instantly/directly/等词或词组可引导表示时间的状语从句；还有一些表示习惯性动作的词如：everytime（每次）,eachtime（每次）,whenever（每当）等也可引导表示时间的状语从句。 结结构构的的ll（（11））Itis/was+Itis/was+时时刻刻+when+when从从句句““某某事事发发生生时时是是什什么么时时候候。。””区区ll（（22））Itis/hasbeen+Itis/hasbeen+时时间间段段+since+since从从句句““自自从从…………别别以以来来有有多多长长时时间间了了。。””：：ll（（33））Itwill/wouldbe+Itwill/wouldbe+时时间间段段+before+before从从句句““还还要要过过多多长长时时间间…………才才…………””￿￿ll（（44））Itwill/wouldnotbe+Itwill/wouldnotbe+时时间间段段+before+before从从句句““过过不不了了多多长长时时间间…………就就会会…………””ll（（55））Itwas+Itwas+时时间间段段+before+before从从句句““过过了了多多长长时时间间才才…………””ll（（66））Itwasnot+Itwasnot+时时间间段段+before+before从从句句““没没过过多多长长时时间间就就…………”” 状状ll11语语,,连连从从接接句句词词：：￿￿iiff,,uunnlleessss((如如果果....不不，，除除非非)),,ssoo//aasslloonnggaass（（只只要要））,,oonnccoonnddiittiioonntthhaatt（（条条件件是是）），，aass((ssoo))ffaarraass((据据....所所知知)),,pprroovviiddeeddtthhaatt（（要要是是，，如如果果）），，iinnccaassee((假假使使，，如如果果))，，等等ll２２．．两两大大考考点点：：ll考考点点⑴OOnnccee------一一但但…………就就…………llEEgg..OOnncceeyyoouusseeeehhiimm,,yyoouuwwiillllnneevveerrffoorrggeetthhiimm..ll考考点点⑵IInnccaassee------以以防防、、假假使使,,如如果果llPPlleeaasseettaakkeeaannuummbbrreellllaawwiitthhyyoouuiinnccaassttiittrraaiinnss..llTThheeppllaanneeccaannnnoottttaakkeeooffffiinnccaasseeiittrraaiinnss.. 问题1：C1、TheWTOcannotliveuptoitsname____itdoesnotincludeacountrythatishometoonefifthofmankind.A．aslongasB．whileC．ifD．eventhough2、Itisknowntoallthat_____youexerciseAregularly,youwon’tkeepgoodhealth.A.unlessB.wheneverC.althoughD.if 问题2：1、_____Icansee,thereisonlyoneBpossiblewaytokeepawayfromthedanger.A.AslongasB.AsfarasC.JustasD.Evenif2、IalwaystakesomethingtoreadwhenIgotothedoctor’s________Ihavetowait.AA．incaseB．sothatC．inorderD．asif 状状语语从从句句ll11，，连连接接词词：：￿￿llBecause,Because,since,since,as(as(放放句句首首),),for,for,nownowthat(that(既既然然，，由由于于））,,when(when(既既然然)),,consideringthatconsideringthat（（顾顾及及到到------））,seeingthat,seeingthat（（由由于于））。。（（都都表表示示原原因因，，语语气气依依次次减减弱弱）） 试试ll考考聚聚点点一一焦焦、、BB￿￿eeccaauusseeVVSSssiinncceeVVSSffoorrllBBeeccaauussee::表表示示““因因为为””，，表表示示直直接接的的或或明明确确的的原原因因;;llSSiinnccee::表表示示““既既然然””，，表表示示已已知知或或显显然然的的原原因因;;llffoorr::不不是是从从属属连连词词，，而而是是并并列列连连词词。。它它不不是是用用来来说说明明原原因因，，而而是是用用来来表表示示一一种种附附带带或或补补充充解解释释、、说说明明，，不不放放在在句句首首。。llEEgg::IIttwwaassbbeeccaauusseehhiissmmootthheerrwwaassbbaaddllyyiilllltthhaatthheewwaassuunnhhaappppyy..llSSiinncceeeevveerryyoonneemmaakkeessmmiissttaakkeessiinnlliiffee,,yyoouunneeeeddnn’’ttssccoollddhhiimmffoorriitt..llTThheeddaayybbrreeaakkss,,ffoorrtthheebbiirrddssaarreessiinnggiinngg.. ll考考点点二二、、wwhheenn既既然然llEEgg..HHoowwccaannyyoouueexxppeeccttttoolleeaarrnnaannyytthhiinnggwwhheennyyoouunneevveerrlliisstteenn?? 状状语语ll1.1.连连接接词词::though/althoughthough/although（（虽虽然然））,as/though(,as/though(：：虽虽然然),evenif/though(),evenif/though(即即使使)whatever)whatever（（无无论论什什么么））￿￿,wherever,wherever（（无无论论哪哪里里））,while(,while(尽尽管管))等等引引导导。。ll22，，考考试试聚聚焦焦：：ll考考点点一一：：though/althoughthough/although不不与与butbut连连用用,,但但是是他他们们都都可可以以同同yet(still)yet(still)连连用用..所所以以thoughthough(although)(although)……yet(stillyet(still))的的格格式式是是正正确确的的 ll考考点点二二：：whilewhile尽尽管管llegeg..WhileIhavesympathyforyou,Ican’thelpWhileIhavesympathyforyou,Ican’thelpyou.you.ll考考点点三三：：Whether---Whether---不不管管，，常常与与ornotornot连连用用llEgEg.Whetherheisgoodornot,thecompany.Whetherheisgoodornot,thecompanydecidedtosendhimabroad.decidedtosendhimabroad.ll考考点点四四：：nomatter+nomatter+疑疑问问词词相相当当于于疑疑问问词词+ever:+ever:不不管管……都都……lWhatever(=Nomatterwhat)yousay,I’llneverchangemymind. 考考点点五：as引导的让步状语从句一般是倒装的。e.g.Thoughheisachild,heknowsalot.Childasheis,heknowsalot. A1、_____Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless2、Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions,____theyaredifferentBfromyourown.A.untilB.evenifC.unlessD.asthough 1、Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem,___difficultitwas.AA.howeverB.nomatterC.whateverDalthough2、Theoldtowermustbesaved,______thecost.BA．howeverB．whateverC．whicheverD．wherever nomatterwh-与wh-ever的联系及区别：nomatterwh-只引导让步状语从句，此时与wh-ever通用。如:Nomatterwhen/Wheneverhecomesback,heshouldbeinvitedtotheparty.wh-ever又可引导名词性从句，Nomatterwh-不能。如：WhateverIcandoforyouwillbenothingbutpayingadebt.Whoevercanhelpuswillbewelcome ll五五、、地地点点状状语语从从句句:where/wherever:where/wherever（（wherever---wherever---无无论论哪哪里里））ll考考点点聚聚焦焦：：地地点点状状语语从从句句和和wherewhere定定语语从从句句的的区区别别：：llTips:Tips:判判断断是是定定语语从从句句还还是是地地点点状状语语从从句句，，要要看看从从句句前前是是否否有有先先行行词词，，有有先先行行词词的的是是定定语语从从句句，，否否则则是是状状语语从从句句。。llEgEg.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway..Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Thisisthefactorywheremyfatherworks.Thisisthefactorywheremyfatherworks. 引导地点状语从句的连词是where和wherever等。e.g.Sitwhereveryoulike.Makeamarkwhereyouhaveaquestion.区分由where引导的从句Youaretofinditwhereyouliftit.状语从句Tellmetheplacewherehelives.定语从句Idon’tknowwherehecamefrom.宾语从句Wherehehasgoneisnotknownyet.主语从句Thisplaceiswheretheyoncehid.表语从句 状状ll11语语..从从连连句句接接词词￿￿：：ssootthhaatt（（==iinnoorrddeerrttoo因因而而））,,ssoo……tthhaatt..（（太太....以以至至于于）），，ssuucchh……tthhaatt（（太太……以以至至于于））ll22..考考试试聚聚焦焦：：考考点点句句型型ll((11))ssoo++形形容容词词//副副词词++tthhaatt从从句句；；ll((22))ssuucchhaa//aann++形形容容词词++可可数数名名词词单单数数++tthhaatt从从句句;;ll((33))ssoo++形形容容词词++aa//aann++可可数数名名词词单单数数++tthhaatt从从句句；；ll（（44））ssuucchh++形形容容词词++可可数数名名词词复复数数//不不可可数数名名词词++tthhaatt从从句句 状语从句要注意的几点:1.在“时间、条件、让步”三种状语从句中，用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用现在完成时表将来完成时，用一般过去时表过去将来时。在since引导的时间状语从句中，动词一般都用一般过去时，而主句常用现在完成时。 1、Thehousecouldfalldownsoonifnoone______somequickrepairwork.CAhasdoneBisdoingCdoesDhaddoneB2、Itisalmostfiveyears_______wesaweachotherlasttime.A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.when 2.状语从句的省略1)当从句的主语与主句的主语相同,从句的谓语有be,可省去主语与动词be.While(Iwas)atcollege,Ibegantoknowhim,astrangebutablestudent.Heopenedthedesk,asif(hewas)insearchofsomethingimportant.2)当从句是itis+表语时,itis可省去If(itis)possible,Ishouldliketohavetwocopiesofit. Newideassometimeshavetowaitforyearsbefore_____.AA.beingfullyacceptedB.havingfullyacceptedC.fullyacceptedD.fullyaccept 状语从句的倒装问题状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况：①否定词开头；②so加adj.开头；③as/though引导的让步状语从句。 D1、Sodifficult_____ittoliveinanEnglish-speakingcountrythatIdeterminedtolearnEnglish.A.IhavefeltB.haveIfeltC.IdidfeelD.didIfeel2、Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver,_____howseriousthepollutionwas.AA.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealizedC.thevillagersdidrealizeD.didn’tthevillagersrealize EEXX:: 1.Johnshuteverybodyoutofthekitchen____hecouldpreparehisgrandsurprisefortheparty.A.whichB.whenC.sothatD.asif2.Don’tbeafraidofaskingforhelp_____itisneeded.A.unlessB.sinceC.althoughD.when 3.Rosesneedspecialcare_____theycanlivethroughwinter.A.BecauseB.sothatC.evenifD.as4.Theywantedtocharge$5,000forthecar,____wemanagedtobringthepricedown.A.butB.soC.whenD.since 5.---Whatwouldyoudoifit_____tomorrow?----Wehavetocarryiton,sincewe’vegoteverythingready.A.rainB.rainsC.willrainD.israining6.IalwaystakesomethingtoreadwhenIgotothedoctor’s____Ihavetowait.A.incaseB.sothatC.inorderD.asif 7.Itisalmostfiveyears_____wesaweachotherlasttime.A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.when8.Simonthoughthiscomputerwasbroke___hislittlebotherpointedoutthathehadforgottentoturniton.A.untilB.unlessC.afterD.because 9.I’mliketoarrive20minutesearly____Icanhavetimeforacupoftea.A.assoonasB.asaresultC.incaseD.sothat10.Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem,_____difficultitwas.A.howeverB.nomatterC.whateverD.although 11.Agodstorytellermustbeabletoholdhislisteners’curiosity____hereachestheendofthestory.A.whenB.unless.C.afterD.unhill12.Heneverthoughtthathissuccesscame____heleastwantedit.A.whileB.whenC.untilD.since 13.Foodshortagewilllongbeaworldwideproblem____muchhasbeendonetosupplyenoughforeveryone.A.beforeB.ifC.sinceD.although14.----Doyouthinkwecanetthereontime?-----Yes,____thecardoesn’tbreakdown.A.ifonlyB.evenifC.incaseD.solongas 15.Itwassometimelater_____werealizedthetruth.A.untilB.beforeC.thatD.since16.Howcantheylearnmuch___theyspendsomuchtimehangingabout?A.althoughB.whenC.whatD.before17.Lucy,theboywasfrightenedbytheterriblenoisefromthenextroom.takehim____it’squiet,Ithink.A.whenB.whereC.whatD.before