牛津英语5A英语语法(三) 一般现在时 5页

牛津英语5a英语语法(三)一般现在时一.一般现在时行为动词词型变化形式　　一般现在时动词只有第三人称有词形变化，其他人称动词均用原形单数第三人称动词变化：　　多数在动词后加s　play—plays　like—likes,　　以s，x，sh，ch，o结尾的动词加es　go—goes　wash--washes,　　以辅音字母加y结尾，把y改i再加es　fly—flies　study--studies二.一般现在时动词be和have的变化形式1.动词Be叫连系动词,连系动词be的用法：除了第一人称单数用am，和第三人称单数用is以外，其它人称用are。　Iambusy.Youarebusy.He(She)isbusy.We(You,They)arebusy.2.动词have的用法：除了第三人称单数用has以外，其它人称一律用have。如:　Ihaveapen.Youhaveapen.She(He)hasapen.　We(You,They)havepens.三.一般现在时的句型1.肯定句构成：主语+动词(注意人称变化)+其它成分　Ihaveadog.　Welikethelittlecat.　Shesingswell.2.否定句构成：　行为动词的否定句：主语+助动词(do/does)+not+动词原形+其它成分　Hedosen’thaveadog.　Heisn’tyoung.　Wedon’tlikethelittlecat.　(借助于助动词do)Shedoesn’tsingwell.(借助于助动词does)3.一般疑问句：　A.行为动词的一般疑问句：助动词(do/does)+主语+动词原形+其它成分　Doyoulikeit?Yes,Ido./No.Idon’t.　Doeshe(she)likeit?Yes,he(she)does./No,he(she)doesn’t.　B.动词BE的一般疑问句Am/Is/Are+主语+其它成分 　Areyouateacher?Yes,Iam./No,Iamnot.　Aretheystudentsofyourschool.Yestheyare/Notheyaren,t.4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句　Howmanystudentsarethereinyourschool?　WhatdoyouusuallydoonSunday?四．一般现在时的用法1.经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。如：　everyyear,sometimes,at5o’clock,onSunday.　Igetupatsixo’clockeveryday.　Hegetsupatsixo’clockeveryday.　Shesmokestoomuch.　Itelephonetomyparentsonceaweek.2.表达客观真理，科学事实。如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。　Threeandfourmakesseven.　Theteachertoldusthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.　ShenyangliesinthenorthofChina.3.在格言或名言警句中。　Pridegoesbeforeafall.骄必败。　Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.事实用于雄辩。4.表示现在的状态、性格、个性。　Idon’twantmore,thanks.　Heisagoodstudent.Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.五.一般现在时其它用法一般现在时表将来1.含有go,come,return,arrive,leave,start,begin等动词的一般现在时表将来。表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。 　Theschoolbusleavesateight.2.在时间或条件句中。　WhenTomcomes,askhimhowtofixthetap.　I’llhelpyouassoonasIarrivethere.3.在动词hope,　takecarethat,　makesurethat等后。　Ihopeshehasagoodtime.　Beforeyouleavetheroom,pleasemakesurethatthedoorisclosed.4.时间状语从句,条件句中,从句中(常含有till,once,assoonas,　when,while,before,after,solongas,bythetime,if,incase,　unless,evenif,whether,themoment,theminute)　Eg.AssoonasIgetthere,Iwilldealwiththismatter.　Whetherheishappyisanimportantthingtoher.5.倒装句，表示动作正在进行　Herecomestheteacher!=Theteacheriscoming.　Theregoesthebell.=Thebellisringing.　Herecomesthecar.=Thecariscoming.一般现在时表过去1."书上"，"报纸上"的叙述。　Thenewspapersaysthatthepresidentwillretirenextmonth.2.叙述往事，使其生动。　Napoleon’sarmynowadvancesandthegreatbattlebegins.一般现在时表完成1.动词用一般现在时代替完成时：hear,tell,learn,write,understand,forget,know,find,say,remember.　Eg.Ihear(=haveheard)hewillgotoParis.　　Iforget(=haveforgotten)howtoreadtheword. 2.句型"Itis…since…"="Ithasbeen…since…"　Itis(=hasbeen)fiveyearssincewelastmet.一般现在时表进行1.句型：Herecomes…；Theregoes…　Eg:Look,herecomesMr.Brown.六.注意事项1.在英国，人们常用havegot代替have，特别在疑问句和否定句中。2.当have如果不表示“有”时，构成疑问或否定句时，就借助于助动词do,does,don’t或者doesn’t.练习一.用词的适当形式填空。1.Whattime_________hisfather_________(do)thework?2.He_________(get)upatfiveo’clock.3.__________you_________(brush)yourteetheverymorning.4.What________(do)heusually________(do)afterschool?5.Tom________(study)English,Chinese,Maths,ScienceandArtatschool.6.Kittysometimes__________(go)totheparkwithhissister.7.Ateightatnight,she__________(watch)TVwithherparents.8.________Mike________(read)Englisheveryday?9.Howmanylessons________yourclassmates______(have)onMonday?10.Weoften___________(play)footballintheplayground.二．选择(　)1._____youhaveabook?　　A.Do　B.Are　C.Is　D.Have(　)2.They_________onafarm.　　A.working　B.iswork　C.work　D.isworked (　)3.DoesPeterliketowatchTV?　　__________.　　A.Yes,helike　B.No,hedoesn’t　C.Yes,he’dlike　D.No,helikes(　)4.Shedoesn’t__________herhomeworkintheafternoon.　　A.doing　B.todo　C.does　D.do(　)5.How____________Mr.Brown___________toAmerica?　　A.do,go　B.is,go　C.does,go　D.does,goes(　)6.Where’smycamera?I____________it.　　A.amnotfinding　B.amnotseeing　C.can’tfind　D.can’tlookat(　)7.How___________hegotowork?　　　He___________toworkbybike.　　A.does;go　B.do;goes　C.do;go　D.does;goes(　)8.______youusuallylateforschool?　　No,_____________.　　A.Do;Iam　B.Does;not　C.Are;I’mnot　D.Are;Iaren’t(　)9._____she_____homeatsixeveryday?　　A.Is,leave　B.Does,leave　C.Is,leaves　D.Does,left(　)10.Mr.Yang____________Englishthisterm.　　A.teachesour　B.teachesus　C.teachsus　D.teachour答案：一.1.does,do　2.gets　3.Do,brush　4.does,do　5.studies　6.goes　7.watches　8.Does,read　9.do,have　10.play二.1---5ACBDC　　6---10CDCBB