2018高考英语语法填空类阅读练习及答案：侧重句子结构 7页

云南临沧市2018高考英语语法填空类阅读练习及答案：侧重句子结构高考语法填空：侧重句子结构句子与句子的逻辑关系　(a)并列与递进关系： and,or,also，neither…nor…,either…or…,likewise,similarly,equally,inthesameway,thatistosay,aswellas,thesame…as,besides,additionally,furthermore,moreover,inadditionto,whatismore　(b)因果关系：because,for,since,as,thus,hence,therefore,so,so…that,consequently,accordingly,dueto,thanksto,asaresult,becauseof,inthat,forthisreason,ofcourse　(c)转折让步关系：but,however,yet,onthecontrary,bycontrast,ontheotherhand,unfortunately,while,whereas,unlike,ratherthan,insteadof,itistruethat,ofcourse,although,though,eventhough,evenif,nevertheless,despite,inspiteof　(d)时间关系：afterwards,atfirst,atlast,finally,first,firstly,inthefirstplace,tostartwith，inthemeantime,last,later,next,second,secondly,then,third,thirdly,tobeginwith以及一些具体的时间。注意：when可以作连词，可翻译为“突然......”常用于下列句式：1）sbwasdoingsth.when…2）sbwasabouttodo/goingtodo/onthepointofdoingsthwhen…3）sbhadjustdonesthwhen…..连接词（1）定语从句A.相关概念高考语法填空选练题语法填空。(2016·河北三市第二次联考)Ifoundonetimethathelpingsomeonecouldgetyouintoalotoftrouble. Iwasinthe1.(nine)gradeatthetime,andwewerehavingafinaltest.Duringthetest,thegirl2.(sit)nexttomewhisperedsomething,butIdidn’tunderstand.FinallyIfoundthatshewastryingtoaskme3.Ihadanextrapen.Sheshowedmethat4.(her)wasoutofinkandwouldnotwrite.Ihappenedtohaveanextraone,soIputitonherdesk.Later,afterthetestpapershadbeenturnedin,theteacher5.(ask)metostayintheroomwhenalltheotherstudentsweredismissed.Assoonaswewerealoneshebegantotalktomeabouthowimportantitwas6.(stand)onyourowntwo7.(foot)andberesponsibleforyourownacts.Foralongtime,shetalkedabouthonestyandemphasizedthefact8.whenpeopledosomethingdishonest,theyarereallycheatingthemselves.ShemademepromisethatIwouldthink9.(serious)aboutallthethingsshehadsaid,andthenshetoldmeIcouldleave.Iwalkedoutoftheroomwonderingwhyshehadchosentotalktome10.allthosethings.Lateron,IfoundoutthatshethoughtIhadcheatedonthetest.【解题导语】帮助别人有时会招致麻烦。考试时,“我”为了帮助一位女生,将一支备用的钢笔给她,未料监考老师却认为“我”作弊。1.ninth　考查序数词。根据the和grade可以判断,此处表示那时“我”在九年级,空处表示“第九”,故用ninth。2.sitting　考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知,空处修饰前面的名词thegirl,两者存在主谓关系,故用动词-ing形式做后置定语。3.if/whether　考查宾语从句。根据语境可知,“我”终于明白她在试图问“我”是否有额外的钢笔。空处引导宾语从句,故用if或whether。4.hers　考查代词。分析该句结构可知,空处充当宾语从句的主语,故用名词性物主代词hers,指代“她的钢笔”。5.asked　考查动词的时态。根据该句中的weredismissed并结合语境可知,该句叙述的是过去发生的事,故用一般过去时。6.tostand　考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知,该句中的it做形式主语, 故用动词不定式做真正的主语,后面的be也是提示。7.feet　考查名词的数。根据空处前的two可知,空处应用复数,意为“双脚”,故用feet。8.that　考查同位语从句。分析该句结构可知,该句为同位语从句,空处后的内容说明名词fact的具体内容,故用that引导同位语从句。9.seriously　考查副词。根据空处前的think可知,空处修饰该动词,故用副词形式。10.about　考查介词。talktosb.aboutsth.为固定搭配,意为“就某事和某人交谈”。2016年高考题【2016·全国新课标I】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires,Asia’sbiggestbuilding,andfancynewhotels.Butfortouristslikeme,pandasareitstop____61_(attract).Soitwasagreathonourtobeinvitedbackstageatthenot-for-profitPandaBase,whereticketmoneyhelpspayforresearch,I_____62_（allow）togetupclosetothesecuteanimalsatthe600-acrecentre.Fromtomorrow,IwillbetheirUKambassador.Thetitlewillbe__63___(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.Butmyconnectionwithpandasgoesback____64__mydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,____65_IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter__66___(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.Myambassadorialdutieswillinclude____67_(introduce)Britishvisitorstothe120-pluspandasatChengduandothersataresearchinthemistymountainsofBifengxia.Onmyrecentvisit,Ihelpalivelythree-month-oldtwinthathadbeenrejectedby_____68_(it)mother.Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfew__69__(day)withhissistersothatwhileoneisbeingbottle-fed,__70____otheriswithmum-sheneversuspects.【答案】61.attraction62.wasallowed63.officially64.to65.when 66.permitted67.introducing68.its69.days70.the65.when考查定语从句。后面是非限制性定语从句，从句缺少状语，因为先行词是时间，故填when。66.permitted考查过去分词。被修饰的名词和permit之间是被动关系，用过去分词。67.introducing考查动名词。介词后面应该用动名词形式。68.its考查代词。修饰名词用形容词性的物主代词，故填its。69.days考查名词复数。Few修饰复数名词。【归纳总结】修饰复数名词的词和短语包括：many,few,afew,several,anumberof,hundredsof等。修饰不可数名词的词和短语包括：much,alittle,little,abitof等。既能修饰复数名词又能修饰不可数名词的词和短语包括：more,such,plentyof,alotof,lotsof,aquantityof,quantitiesof等。70.the考查冠词。固定短语：one…theother“一个……另一个”。考点：语法填空 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。【2016高考训练】“Ittakesanentirevillagetoraiseachild.”That’sanoldproverb(谚语)thatisbeingquotedmoreandmoreoftenthesedays.AndI’mpleasedaboutthat.Today,moreandmoreschoolsarereachingouttoinvolveparents,communitymembersandbusinessestohelpshapeachild’sfuture.Parentsneedtobeinvolvedintheirchildren’seducationinmanyways.Helpingchildrenwithhomeworkandstudying,goingonafieldtrip,teachingacraftorcoachingachild’ssportsteamareallgreatwaystobeinvolvedwithyourchild’seducation.Anddon’tforgettocommunicatewithteachers---theyneedandrespectyourinput.Studiesshowthatchildrenlearnmoreandschoolsfunctionbetterwhenparentsandschoolsworktogether.It’simportanttostayintouchwithyourchild’seducationallthroughhisorherschoolcareer.Communitiescanhelpchildrencreateandachievenewgoals.Helpwithhomework,readtoachild,coachachildren’steam,orprovideemotionalsupport.Helpsolveproblemsandbuildself-esteem.Kidsneedrolemodelsandadviserscanberolemodelsbysharingtheirexperiencesandwisdom.Businessescanalsohelpshapeourchildren’sfuture.Inviteaclassfromyourlocalschooltovisityourworkplace.Youmaybeprovidingaglimpsethatopensanewworldofpossibilities.Showstudentswhatgoesonduringatypicalday.Giveaminicourseforstudents:howtouseacomputer;howproductsaremade;howmachineryworks.Youmayhaveadevelopingelectrician,teacher,nurse,orevenanewspaperreporteronyourhands.Itreallydoestakeanentirevillagetoraiseachild.Sosharetheresponsibility---andthejoy---ofbringingachildtohisorherfullpotential.1.Theimpliedadviceintheproverb“Ittakesanentirevillagetoraiseachild.”isthat______.A.Allthepeopleinavillageshouldgivefoodtoachild.B.Schools,parents,andotherorganizationsshouldsharetheresponsibilityofshapingachild’sfuture.C.Children’sshouldbebroughtupinthevillagewheretheywereborn. D.Schoolsshouldbesetupinthevillagewhereachildwasraised.2..Thetextwaswrittenmainlyfor_______________.A.parentsandmembersinorganizationsB.teachersandstudentsC.newspaperreportersanddevelopingelectriciansD.educationexpertsandgovernmentofficials3.Studentscangetdevelopedinpracticalworkingskillthrough______.A.parentalinvolvementB.communityactivitiesC.businesstrainingD.schoolteaching4.WhichisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Parentsplayanimportantpartinchildren’seducation.　B.Communitieshavenotabiteffectonthewaytonewandhighideal.C.Educatingachildwelldemandsoftheworknotonlyfromschoolbutfromotherorganizations.D.Businessesmayarrangesometrainingcoursesforstudents.参考答案、BACB阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。【2016高考训练】Manypeoplefindthemselvescaughtupinothers’problems,andthenconfusedabouthowandwhentohelp.Infact,allrelationshipsneedlimitsnomatterwhethertheyarefriendships,siblingrelations,mates/loversorbusinessrelations.Onsomelevel,alllimitsettingmeanssayingno.However,itisusuallyaqualified“no”thatsayswhat,where,when,andunderwhatconditionsyouwillgiveornotgivetoanotherperson.Therearethreepointsweshouldkeepinmindaboutlimitsetting:1.Decidewheretosetthelimits.Thinkabouttheentiresituation.Consideryourtime,emotions,andmeans.Thenconsiderwhetheryouarehelpingtheotherperson.Aimtodosomethingtohelptheotherpersonwithouttakingonthewholeproblem.2.Expressthelimitsclearly.Forexample,yousaytoyourfriend,“Iwilllendyou$20,000nomorethanonceeverythreemonths.AndIexpectyouwillpaymebackwithinthreemonthsand certainlybeforeyoucanborrowmore.”Yousaytoanotherfriend,“youcanstayhereforthreeweeksbutyoumusthelpmewithexpensesandcookingandmakesurethatyouwillfindyourownplacebeforethethreeweeksisup”.3.Sticktoyourlimits.Youarenotresponsibleformakingtheotherpersonobeythelimits.Youareonlyresponsibleforfollowingthelimitsyourself.Yourfriendhasrepaid$12,500ofhis/her$20,000andasksfor$20,000more.Yousayno.He/Shegetsemotionalandthensays,“Ineedthismoneytocoverabadcheck.Ifyoucaredforourfriendship,youwoulddoit”.Limitsettingisoftenstressfulandpainfulbecausepeoplemistakesitforrejection.Andlimitsettingcertainlybringsguilt.Bearinmind,itdoesn’tmeanyouhavegivenuporquitlovingyourfriend,lovers,orsibling.Itdoesmeanyouareexpressingthatloveinadifferentandmorehelpful(tobothofyou)manner.1.Accordingtothepassage,settinglimitsmeans___________________.A.refusingalwaystosayyestoyourfriendB.sayingnotoyourfriendwhoturnstoyouC.makingdifferentkindsoffriendsD.breakingawayfromyourfriend2.Onceyoudecidetosetlimits,youshould________________________.A.announceitpubliclytoothersB.tellyourfriendaboutitclearlyC.beresponsibleforyourfriendD.begintohelpyourfriend3.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatlimitsetting______________.A.isoftenmisunderstoodB.isactuallyakindofrejectionC.doesharmtoyourfriendshipD.containsbothloveandhate4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AboutfriendshipB.HowtomakefriendsC.SetlimitswithfriendsD.Showyourloveinanewway参考答案1—4、ABAC