高中英语语法总结大全之定语从句 24页

高中英语语法总结大全之定语从句高中英语语法总结大全之定语从句高中英语语法总结大全之定语从句定语从句定语从句（Attributi高考资源网veClauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,which等。关系副词有：when,where,why等。w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。1）who,whom,that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）2)Whose用来指人或物，(只用作定语,若指物，它还可以同ofwhich互换）,例如：Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。Pleasepassmethebookwhose(ofwhich)coverisgreen.请递给我那本绿皮的书。3）which,that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：Aprosperitywhich/thathadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthecountryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which/that在句中作宾语）Thepackage(which/that)youarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.你拿的包快散了。(which/that在句中作宾语）w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。1）when,where,why关系副词when,where,why的含义相当于"介词+which"结构，因此常常和"介词+which"结构交替使用，例如：Thereareoccasionswhen(onwhich)onemustyield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。Beijingistheplacewhere(inwhich)Iwasborn.北京是我的出生地。Isthisthereasonwhy(forwhich)herefusedouroffer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？2）that代替关系副词that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when,where,why和"介词+which"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如：Hisfatherdiedtheyear(that/when/inwhich)hewasborn.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。Heisunlikelytofindtheplace(that/where/inwhich)helivedfortyyearsago.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m判断关系代词与关系副词方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear.I"llneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou.判断改错（注：先显示题，再显示答案，横线；用不同的颜色表示出。）（错）ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIvisitedlastyear.（错）IwillneverforgetthedayswhenIspentinthecountryside.（对）Thisisthemountainvillage(which)Ivisitedlastyear.（对）I"llneverforgetthedays(which)Ispentinthecountryside.习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where,when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。例1.Isthismuseum___youvisitedafewdaysage?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone例2.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld.A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone答案：例1D，例2A例1变为肯定句：Thismuseumis___youvisitedafewdaysago.例2变为肯定句：Thisisthemuseum___theexhibitionwasheld.在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where,that,onwhich都不能起到宾语的作用，只有theone既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。而句2中,主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因inthemuseum词组，可用介词in+which引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on用的不对，所以选A。关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose)；先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词(where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因状语)。 w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m限制性和非限制性定语从句1)定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，例如：Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）2)当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的，例如：CharlesSmith,whowasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.查理史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。Myhouse,whichIboughtlastyear,hasgotalovelygarden.我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。Thisnovel,whichIhavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。3)非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词,对其进行修饰,这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，例如：HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,whichgreatlyupsetsme.他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。Liquidwaterchangestovapor,whichiscalledevaporation.液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m介词+关系词1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。2）that前不能有介词。 3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when和where互换。ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub?Doyourememberthedaywhenyoujoinedourclub?w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mas,which非限定性定语从句由as,which引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于andthis或andthat。As一般放在句首，which在句中。Asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone"shealth.Thesunheatstheearth,whichisveryimportanttous.典型例题1）Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,___cameasasurprise.A.itB.thatC.whichD.he答案C.此为非限定性从句，不能用that修饰，而用which.，it和he都使后句成为句子，两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。2）Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,___wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it答案B。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定语从句，而what不可。That不能用于非限定性定语从句，it不为连词，使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。3）Itrainedhardyesterday,____preventedmefromgoingtothepark..A.thatB.whichC.asD.it答案B.as和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：(1）as引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。 (2）as代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which.。在本题中，prevent由于是行为动词，所以正确选项应为B。As的用法例1.thesame…as；such…as中的as是一种固定结构,和……一样……。Ihavegotintothesametroubleashe(has).例2.as可引导非限制性从句，常带有"正如"。Asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone"shealth.Asisknow,smokingisharmfultoone"shealth.As是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语；例2中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词know要用被动式。w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m先行词和关系词二合一1)Whoeverspitsinpublicwillbepunishedhere.(Whoever可以用anyonewho代替)2)Theparentswillusewhattheyhavetosendtheirsontotechnicalschool.(what可以用allthat代替)w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mwhat/whatever/that...1)Whoeverspitsinpublicwillbepunishedhere.(Whoever可以用anyonewho代替)2)Theparentswillusewhattheyhavetosendtheirsontotechnicalschool.(what可以用allthat代替)w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m关系代词that的用法1）不用that的情况a)在引导非限定性定语从句时。(错)Thetree,thatisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.b)介词后不能用。 Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.Wedependonthelandthat/whichwegetourfoodfrom.2)只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况a)在therebe句型中，只用that，不用which。b)在不定代词，如：anything,nothing,theone,all,much,few,any,little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。c)先行词有theonly,thevery修饰时，只用that。d)先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。.e)先行词既有人，又有物时。举例：Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.所需的只是供油问题。Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m扩展阅读：高中英语语法总结大全之定语从句高中英语语法总结大全之定语从句定语从句定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,which等。关系副词有：when,where,why等。w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。1）who,whom,that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）2)Whose用来指人或物，(只用作定语,若指物，它还可以同ofwhich互换）,例如：Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。Pleasepassmethebookwhose(ofwhich)coverisgreen.请递给我那本绿皮的书。3）which,that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：Aprosperitywhich/thathadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthecountryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which/that在句中作宾语）Thepackage(which/that)youarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.你拿的包快散了。(which/that在句中作宾语）w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。1）when,where,why关系副词when,where,why的含义相当于"介词+which"结构，因此常常和"介词+which"结构交替使用，例如：Thereareoccasionswhen(onwhich)onemustyield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。Beijingistheplacewhere(inwhich)Iwasborn.北京是我的出生地。Isthisthereasonwhy(forwhich)herefusedouroffer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？2）that代替关系副词 that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when,where,why和"介词+which"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如：Hisfatherdiedtheyear(that/when/inwhich)hewasborn.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。Heisunlikelytofindtheplace(that/where/inwhich)helivedfortyyearsago.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m判断关系代词与关系副词方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear.I"llneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou.判断改错（注：先显示题，再显示答案，横线；用不同的颜色表示出。）（错）ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIvisitedlastyear.（错）IwillneverforgetthedayswhenIspentinthecountryside.（对）Thisisthemountainvillage(which)Ivisitedlastyear.（对）I"llneverforgetthedays(which)Ispentinthecountryside.习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where,when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。例1.Isthismuseum___youvisitedafewdaysage?A.WhereB.ThatC.onwhichD.theone例2.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld.A.WhereB.ThatC.onwhichD.theone答案：例1D，例2A例1变为肯定句：Thismuseumis___youvisitedafewdaysago.例2变为肯定句：Thisisthemuseum___theexhibitionwasheld. 在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where,that,onwhich都不能起到宾语的作用，只有theone既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。而句2中,主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因inthemuseum词组，可用介词in+which引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on用的不对，所以选A。关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose)；先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词(where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因状语)。w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m限制性和非限制性定语从句1)定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，例如：Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）2)当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的，例如：CharlesSmith,whowasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.查理史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。Myhouse,whichIboughtlastyear,hasgotalovelygarden.我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。 Thisnovel,whichIhavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。3)非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词,对其进行修饰,这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，例如：HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,whichgreatlyupsetsme.他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。Liquidwaterchangestovapor,whichiscalledevaporation.液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m介词+关系词1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。2）that前不能有介词。3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"","p":{"h":16.932,"w":5.623,"xas,which非限定性定语从句由as,which引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于andthis或andthat。As一般放在句首，which在句中。Asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone"shealth.Thesunheatstheearth,whichisveryimportanttous.典型例题1）Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,___cameasasurprise.A.ItB.ThatC.WhichD.he答案C.此为非限定性从句，不能用that修饰，而用which.，it和he都使后句成为句子，两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。2）Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,___wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.WhatB.WhichC.ThatD.it 答案B。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定语从句，而what不可。That不能用于非限定性定语从句，it不为连词，使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。3）Itrainedhardyesterday,____preventedmefromgoingtothepark..A.ThatB.WhichC.AsD.it答案B.as和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：(1）as引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。(2）as代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which.。在本题中，prevent由于是行为动词，所以正确选项应为B。As的用法例1.thesame…as；such…as中的as是一种固定结构,和……一样……。Ihavegotintothesametroubleashe(has).例2.as可引导非限制性从句，常带有"正如"。Asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone"shealth.Asisknow,smokingisharmfultoone"shealth.As是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语；例2中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词know要用被动式。w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m先行词和关系词二合一1)Whoeverspitsinpublicwillbepunishedhere.(Whoever可以用anyonewho代替)2)Theparentswillusewhattheyhavetosendtheirsontotechnicalschool.(what可以用allthat代替)w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mwhat/whatever/that...1)Whoeverspitsinpublicwillbepunishedhere.(Whoever可以用anyonewho代替) 2)Theparentswillusewhattheyhavetosendtheirsontotechnicalschool.(what可以用allthat代替)w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m关系代词that的用法1）不用that的情况a)在引导非限定性定语从句时。(错)Thetree,thatisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.b)介词后不能用。Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.Wedependonthelandthat/whichwegetourfoodfrom.2)只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况a)在therebe句型中，只用that，不用which。b)在不定代词，如：anything,nothing,theone,all,much,few,any,little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。c)先行词有theonly,thevery修饰时，只用that。d)先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。.e)先行词既有人，又有物时。举例：Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.所需的只是供油问题。Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察201*年高考英语定语从句考点◆典型陷阱题分析◆1.Thefactorywasbuiltinasecretplace,around______highmountains.A.whichwasB.itwasC.whichwereD.themwere【陷阱】容易误选A或B，将A、B中的which和it误认为是其后句子的主语。【分析】最佳答案是C，aroundwhichwerehighmountains是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是highmountains，aroundwhich是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数was。请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）： (1)Yesterdaywevisitedamodernhospital,around_______somefruitshops.A.whichisB.itisC.whichareD.themare(2)Themurderhappenedinanoldbuilding,beside______thecitypolicestation.A.whichareB.itisC.whichisD.themare(3)Nextmonthwe’llmovetoanewbuilding,nextto_______anicerestaurantswherewecanhaveChinesefood.A.whichareB.itisC.whichisD.themare2.Amanwithableedinghandhurriedinandasked,“Isthereahospitalaround______Icangetsomemedicineformywoundedhand?”A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what【陷阱】容易误选B，认为around是介词，选which用以代替前面的名词hospital，在此用作介词around的宾语。【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选C的理由是：句中的around不是介词，而是副词，意为“在附近”；其后的where引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？3._____isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What【陷阱】容易误选A，认为此处应填一个形式主语。【分析】最佳答案是B。as引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。比较下面一题：_______isknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What此题答案选A，it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。再比较下面一组题，其中第(1)题选B，第(2)题选D： (1)______ismentionedabove,thenumberofthestudentsinseniorschoolisincreasing.A.WhichB.AsC.ThatD.It(2)______ismentionedabovethatthenumberofthestudentsinseniorschoolisincreasing.A.WhichB.AsC.ThatD.It4.Davidissuchagoodboy_______alltheteacherslike.A.thatB.whoC.asD.whom【陷阱】此题容易误选A，许多同学一看到题干中的such，再联系到选项中的that，便认为这是考查such…that…句式。况且，这样理解意思也还通顺。【分析】最佳答案为C，不是A，因为在such…that…(如此……以至……)结构中，that引导的是结果状语从句，并且that在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入such…that…，句末的动词like缺宾语。选C的理由如下：as用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词boy，同时as在定语从句中用作动词like的宾语，句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”。有的同学可能还会问，假若选A，能否将其后的that视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到such的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代词as来引导，而不用that。比较下面一题，答案为A，因为like后有自己的宾语him：Davidissuchagoodboy_______alltheteacherslikehim.A.thatB.whoC.asD.whom请再做以下试题（答案选D）：Itwasnotsuchagooddinner_______shehadpromisedus.A.likeB.thatC.whichD.as5.Thebuses,mostof_______werealreadyfull,weresurroundedbyanangrycrowd.A.thatB.itC.themD.which【陷阱】容易误选C，用them代指thebuses。 【分析】最佳答案是D。mostofwhichwerealreadyfull为非限制性定语从句，修饰thebuses。类似地，以下各题也选D：(1)Hishouse,for_______hepaid$10,000,isnowworth$50,000.A.thatB.itC.themD.which(2)Ashdownforest,through_______we’llbedriving,isn’taforestanylonger.A.thatB.itC.themD.which(3)ThisIdidatnineo’clock,after_______Isatreadingthepaper.A.thatB.itC.themD.which类似地，以下各题选whom，不选them：(4)George,with_______IplayedtennisonSundays,wasawarm-heartedperson.A.thatB.himC.themD.whom(5)Hersons,bothof______workabroad,willcomebackhomethissummer.A.thatB.whoC.themD.whom(6)Imetthefruit-pickers,severalof_______werestilluniversitystudents.A.thatB.whoC.themD.whom6.Hehadthousandsofstudents,manyof______gainedgreatsuccessintheirownfield.A.whomB.themC.whichD.who【陷阱】容易误选B，用them代指students。【分析】最佳答案是A，manyofwhomgainedgreatsuccessintheirownfield为非限制性定语从句。假若在manyof…的前面加上连词and，则选答案B。比较以下各题(答案均选A)：(1)Heaskedalotofquestions,noneof______waseasytoanswer.A.whichB.themC.whatD.that(2)Heaskedalotofquestions,andnoneof______waseasytoanswer.A.themB.whichC.whatD.that(3)Hetoldmethathehadtwogirl-friends,neitherof_______knewanythingabouttheother.A.whomB.themC.whichD.who(4)Hetoldmethathehadtwogirl-friends,andneitherof_______knewanythingabouttheother.A.themB.whom C.whichD.who7.Hehadalotoffriends,onlyafewof______invitedtohiswedding.A.whomB.themC.whichD.who【陷阱】容易误选A，认为这是非限制性定语从句。【分析】最佳答案是B，这不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词invited并不是一个完整的谓语，而是一个过去分词。当然，假若在invited前加上助动词were，则是一个非限制性定语从句，答案便应选A。比较：(1)Theyputforwardalotofplansatthemeeting,noneof_______carriedoutintheirwork.A.whichB.themC.whatD.that答案选B，noneofthemcarriedoutintheirwork是独立主格结构，其中的carriedout为过去分词。(2)Theyputforwardalotofplansatthemeeting,noneof_______werecarriedoutintheirwork.A.whichB.themC.whatD.that答案选A，noneofthemwerecarriedoutintheirwork是非限制性定语从句，注意与上例比较句中多了一个助动词were。(3)Theyputforwardalotofplansatthemeeting,butnoneof_______werecarriedoutintheirwork.A.whichB.themC.whatD.that答案选B，由于两句之间增加了一个并列连词but，使得该句成了一个并列句。8.OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentsseatedtogetherjoking.A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that【陷阱】容易误选B，认为这是非限制性定语从句。 【分析】最佳答案是A。与上面一题相似，theirparentsseatedtogetherjoking不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词seated不是谓语，而是一个过去分词，因为seat作动词用时，是及物动词。比较以下相似题：(1)OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentswereseatedtogetherjoking.A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that选B。whoseparentswereseatedtogetherjoking为非限制性定语从句，因为其后有完整的谓语wereseated。(2)OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,and_______parentswereseatedtogetherjoking.A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that选A。因为句中有并列连词and，整个句子为并列句。(3)OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentssittingtogetherjoking.A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that选A。theirparentssittingtogetherjoking为独立主格结构。(4)OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentssattogetherjoking.A.theirB.WhoseC.whichD.that选B。whoseparentssattogetherjoking为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语sat。(5)OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentsweresittingtogetherjoking.A.theirB.WhoseC.whichD.that 选B。whoseparentsweresittingtogetherjoking为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语weresitting。9.Ifthemanisonlyinterestedinyourlooks,_____justshowshowshallowheis.A.asB.WhichC.whatD.that【陷阱】容易误选A或B，误这是非限制性定语从句。【分析】正确答案为D，注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句，逗号后是该状语从句的主句，that在此代表前文所述的情况，用作主句的主语。类似地，下面几道题也选that，而不选which：(1)Ifyoupromisetogowithus,_____willbeOK.A.asB.WhichC.anditD.that(2)Ifyouwantadoubleroom,_____willcostanother￡15.A.asB.WhichC.whatD.that(3)Whetheryougoornot,_______isquiteallrightwithme.A.thatB.WhichC.anditD.so(4)WhenIsaytwohours,_____includestimeforeating.A.asB.WhichC.whatD.that10.Shesaysthatshe’llneverforgetthetime________she’sspentworkingasasecretaryinourcompany.A.whichB.WhenC.howD.where【陷阱】容易误选B，机械地认为时间名词后必须用关系副词when，地点名词后用关系副词where。【分析】正确答案为A。在时间名词和地点名词后是否用关系副词要看它在定语从句中充当什么句子成分。一般说来，若用作主语或宾语，用关系代词；若用作状语，则用关系副词。上面一题中的动词spent缺宾语，故应用关系代词which或that。比较下面一题，由于空格后的句子不缺少主语或宾语，所以选关系副词when：Shesaysthatshe’llneverforgetthetime________sheworksasasecretaryinourcompany.A.whichB.WhenC.howD.where请再做一组试题(答案均选A)：(1)Ourcompanywillmovetoatallbuilding_______weboughtlastmonth.A.whichB.WhenC.howD.where 选A，which在定语从句中用作动词bought的宾语。(2)Ourcompanywillmovetoatallbuilding_______hasjustbeencomplete.A.whichB.whenC.howD.where选A，which在定语从句中用作主语。(3)Ourcompanywillmovetoatallbuilding_______weworkedtwoyearsago.A.whereB.WhenC.thatD.which选A，where在定语从句中用作状语。定语从句1、Wewentthroughaperiod______communicationswereverydifficultintheruralareas.A.witchB.whoseC.inwhichD.withwhich2、WasitthroughMary,_____wasworkingatahighschool,____yougottoknowTom?A.who;whoB.that;whichC.who;thatD.who;which3、Formanycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadourfurther,_______NewYorkisanexample.A.forwhichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.fromwhich4、Ourclassismadeupof68students,_______aregirls.A.ofwhichtwo-fifthsB.ofwhomtwofifthsC.two-fifthofwhichD.two-fifthofwhom5、Thisistheyoungman_________sisterIhaveworkedfiveyears.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.withwhose6、EuropehasachievedmoreincontrollingtheAIDSvirusthanAsiainthepasttenyears,_________thenumberofpeopleinfectedwiththevirusisgoingupsharply.A.whenB.thatC.sothatD.where7、--Wheredidyouseehimforthefirsttime?--Itwasinthefactory_________weworked.A．thatB．whereC．whichD．when8、Thebestwaytomakeakidtobeindependentistoputhiminaposition_______hehasnooneelsetoreferto．A．thatB．whatC．whereD．which 9、Wehavealllearntthatnatureislikeabalancednet,humansarejustaverysmallpart,togetherwithanimals,plants,airandmore.A．whichB．whoseC．thatD．where10、Playingtricksonothersis_____weshouldneverdo.A.anythingB.somethingC.everythingD.nothing11、At13,Samuelreceivedatrainingcourseindrawingforthreeyears,________hegotanopportunityforfurtherdevelopment.A.afterthatB.afterwhichC.afteritD.afterthis12、Parentsshouldencouragetheirchildrentomakefriendswithsuchpersons_______goodfortheminforminggoodhabits.A.whoisB.astheyareC.asareD.thatare13、Thebeginningofthestoryisexcellent,istheending,whichleavesusmuchtothink.A.thatB.asC.whatD.which14、JennywasverysadoverthelossofthephotosshehadshotatCanada,_________thiswasamemorysheespeciallytreasured.A.asB.ifC.whenD.where15、StevePaulJobspassedawayinAmericaonOctober6th,201*,_____deathmademillionsofpeoplefeelsorrowful.A.whoseB.whichC.whenD.where16、Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,______ofgreatimportancetoscience.A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitisC.whichIthinkD.Ithinkwhichis17、Was___Bill,___playedbasketballverywell,____helpedtheblindmancrosstheroad?Yes,ofcourse.Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers. A.it;that;whoB.this;who;thatC.which;that;thatD.it;who;that18、Shemayhavemissedthetrain,_______shewon’tarriveforanotherhour.A.inwhichB.whenC.inwhichcaseD.inthatcase19、TheOlympicsnowboardingevent,,wasexciting．A．onwhichmanypeoplewatchedB．wheremanypeoplewatchedTVC．whichmanypeoplewatchedonTVD．wheremanypeoplewatchedonTV20、Youcanusealargerplasticbottle,____iscutoff,___asapottogrowflowersin.A.ofwhichthetop;withit’stopB.whosetop;withitstopC.whosetop;thetopofitD.thetopofwhich;withit’stop21、TheWorldExpo201*isbeingheldatatimetheworldislookingforanewkindofbalancebetweennatureandcities．A．whenB．whereC．whichD．that22、Withmorethan17000islands,______only6000areinhabited,Indonesiaistheworld’slargestarchipelago(岛国).A.onwhichB.forwhichC.ofwhichD.alongwhich23、Hewrotealotofnovels,______regardedasmasterpieces.A.dozensofthemB.dozensofwhichC.adozenofwhichD.dozenofthat24、Lifeislikealongrace______wecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.A.whyB.whatC.thatD.where25、Ihavetwoelderbrothers,__________inthearmyfortenyears.A.theelderofwhomservedB.theolderhavingservedC.theelderhavingservedD.theelderonehasserved26、CarolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctober.＿＿＿＿＿personallyIdoubtverymuch.A.itB.thatC.whenD.which 27、InareaitisapproximatelythesamesizeastheUSA(withoutAlaska),____,however,has____.A.which,morethanfourteentimesasmanypeopleB.which,fourteentimesmorethanmanypeopleC.what,asfourteentimesasmanypeopleD.where,morethanfourteentimesasmanypeople28、_____wehadexpected,LiuTianwasadmittedintoFudanUniversity.ALikeBWhatCAsDWhatif29、Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosellfor______hethoughtwasnotenough.A.whereB.howC.whatD.which30、Ontheradio，billboards，TVandsoon，thereareavarietyofads，_______arebadones．Youshouldbecareful．Thankyou，Iwill．A．someofthemB．fewofthoseC．someofthatD．someofwhich31、Pricesofdailygoods________throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenboughtD.buying解析：1.C此题考查定语从句的用法。Period后面的定语从句中缺少时间状语，要用when,而此题中没有when,所以要选择inwhich相当于intheperiod,表示时间，作句中的状语。which要在定语从句中作主语或宾语，而此处的“介词+which”中要选择介词in,而不选择with.定语从句中“介词+which”中介词的选择，一要看先行词，二要看与定语从句谓语动词的搭配，三要看句意。2、C考查强调句型及定语从句。第一空who为非限制性定语从句的关系代词；第二空是强调句型的that。3、C解析：ofwhich引导的间隔性非限制性定语从句，对cities起补充、说明的作用。介词of的选择取决于和前面名词的搭配ofthecities。4、B5、D 6、D考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。此处Asia是先行词，其在定语从句中作地点状语。7、B考查定语从句及强调句型。此处原为：ItwasinthefactorywhereweworkedthatIsawhimforthefirsttime。8、C9、D10、B11、B12、C13、B14、A15、A16、A考查非限制性定语从句及插入语。此处Ithink为插入语，which是定语从句的关系代词。17、D考查强调句型及定语从句的用法。第一空考查强调句型中的it；第二空考查who引导的非限制性定语从句；第三空考查强调句型的that。18、C考查非限制性定语从句的连接词。此处which是关系词，whichcase代替前面句子的内容。19、C考查非限制性定语从句。此处event是先行词，其在定语从句中作watch的宾语。20、B考查定语从句及with的复合结构。第一空是whose引导的非限制性定语从句；第二空是with的复合结构。21、A考查定语从句的关系词。此处time作先行词，其在定语从句中作时间状语。句意：201*世博会在一个世界正在寻找新的自然和城市的平衡的时代举行。22、C23、A24、D25、B26、D27、A28、C29、C30、D31、Bw.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m友情提示：本文中关于《高中英语语法总结大全之定语从句》给出的范例仅供您参考拓展思维使用，高中英语语法总结大全之定语从句：该篇文章建议您自主创作。