中考英语语法被动语态精讲与精练 5页

精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除中考被动语态讲练英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。1.当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,2.或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。被动语态结构：be+过去分词(PP)+(by…)在改写中应注意：1.把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语;2.把动词变成“be+过去分词”;3.主动语态中的主语变为介词by的宾语。时态被动语态结构一般现在时 am/is/aredone一般过去时 was/weredone现在进行时 am/is/arebeingdone过去进行时 was/werebeingdone一般将来时 shall/will/begoingtobedone过去将来时 Wouldbedone现在完成时 have/hasbeendone过去完成时 hadbeendoneEg.Somepeopleattackedthetowers.SVOThetowerswereattackedbysomepeople.SV1)Acarknockedhimdownyesterday.-Hewasknockeddownbyacaryesterday．2)Twodoctorsandtennursesmakeupthemedicalteam．Themedicalteamismadeupofbytwo…．3)WhenIgotthere,theywerecuttingupafallentree．【精品文档】第5页 精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除Afallentreewasbeingcutup,whenIgotthere.4)We’llputontheplaynextSunday．TheplaywillbeputonnextSunday．5)Workersarebuildinganewteachingbuildinginourschool．Anewteachingbuildingisbeingbuiltbyworkersinourschool．6)Theyhadcompletedtherailwaybytheendoflastyear．Therailwayhadbeencompletedbytheendoflastyear．7)Weshouldprotecttheearth．Theearthshouldbeprotected．8)Youneedtopaintthewall．Thewallneedstobepainted．几种特殊结构1.Myunclegavemeagiftonmybirthday．Iwasgivenagiftonmybirthday．Agiftwasgiventomeonmybirthday.2.Weoftenhearhimplayguitar．Heisoftenheardtoplayguitar注意：see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make,listento,lookat等动词/短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带to；但改成被动语态后必须带to。Weshouldtakecareoftheoldpeople.Theoldpeopleshouldbetakencareof.主动式表被动义1。动词(表示主语的属性特征)+副词(well/badly/easily/smoothly),用主动式表被动义。read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock,open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,…1.Thebooks____well．A.weresoldB.sellC.havesoldD.arebeingsold2.Thiskindofcloth____easily．A.haswashedB.waswashedC.washesD.iswashed2.不定式在某些形容词后作状语,且和句子的主语(或宾语)构成动宾关系时,用主动式表被动义。difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good,comfortable,light,heavy,safe,…1.Thefishisnotfit_toeat_(eat)．2.WefindEnglishishard_tolearn_(learn)．3.Thearticleisdifficult__tounderstand_(understand).3.不定式作后置定语,与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系,又和该句主语(或宾语)构成主谓关系时,用主动式表被动义。1.Ihavealotofhomework______(do)．【精品文档】第5页 精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除2.I’llgivehimsomebooks______(read)．4表示状态特征的连系动词+adj./n.,用主动式表被动义。(look,sound,feel,smell,taste,prove,appear,make,...)Thesteelfeelscold．5表示“开始、结束、运动”的动词用主动式表被动义。(begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut,move,run,...)Theshopopensat6am.everyday．6.作“需要”讲的want/need/require后接动名词作宾语时，用主动式表被动义；当然也可接不定式的被动式作宾语。Yourjacketneedswashing/tobewashedExercise:1.Newspapersaremade__paper.Paperismade__wood.A.from/ofB.of/fromC.of/inD.in/from2.Alotofnewroads___builtinthewestofChina.A.mustB.mustbeC.hasD.have3.Thisdictionarymustn’t____fromthelibrary.A.takeawayB.takenawayC.aretakenawayD.betakenaway4.Myshoes____.Iwentoutforanewpair.A.iswornoutB.woreoutC.werewornoffD.werewornout5.Hiscar___tomorrow.A.willberepairedB.isrepairedC.isbeingrepairedD.hasbeenrepaired6.Whenyourhomework____,wewillgotoplayfootball.A.isdoneB.aredoneC.haddoneD.willbedone7.Heaskedme_______.A.whatthepaperisusedB.whatthepaperwasusedforC.whatwasthepapermadeofD.what’sthepaperusedas8.Threefourthsoftheinformationontheinternet___inEnglish.A.amB.isC.areD.be9.Englishiswidelyused.Manybusinesslettersaroundtheworld___init.A.arewrittenB.werewrittenC.arewritingD.werewriting10.Thispairofscissors___inChina.A.MakeB.madeC.ismadeD.aremade11.Threequartersofthemessages_____bytelegraph.A.WassentB.weresentC.SentD.send12.Inthepast10years,China____upmanyman-madesatellites.A.hasbeensentB.hassentC.wassentD.sent13.They___tohelpthefarmerswiththeharvestlastautumn.A.askedB.askingC.toaskD.wereasked【精品文档】第5页 精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除14.Wearealwayskept____.A.tosmokingB.onsmokingC.fromsmokingD.offsmoking15.Nothingcanstopus___English.A.learnB.learningC.learnedD.learns16.Mary___somesongsinherroominthemorning.A.heardsingB.heardtosingC.washeardsingD.isheardtosing17.Mary___anEnglishsonginherroomlastnight.A.washeardtosingB.isheardtosingC.washeardsingingD.isheardsinging18.Theguidesaidthatthedinosaureggs____about95millionyearsago.A.layB.werelayC.laidD.werelaid19.Wefoundtheground____snow.A.coverwithB.iscoveredwithC.wascoveredwithD.wascoveringwith20.Theshopassistantshowedahat_____redsilktous.A.madefromB.madeofC.wasmadeofD.wasmadefrom21.Wecanfindmanypictures____byXuBeihonginthemuseum.A.drawingB.drawnC.drewD.todraw22.Havethesewords_____byusyesterday?A.beenlearntB.learntC.learnedD.werelearnt23.Haveyouheardofadinosaur_____feathers?A.wascoveredbyB.wascoveredwithC.coveredwithD.coveredby24.About500cars___inthefactorynextmonth.A.wereproducedB.willbeproducedC.willbemadeD.havebeenproduced25.She______for10years.A.hasbeenmarryB.hasmarriedC.hasbeenmarriedD.havemarry26.Thesentence“Thankyou”___inoureverydaylife.A.OftenuseB.oftenuseC.isoftenusedD.areoftenused27.Mostbusinesslettersare___English.A.WrotebyB.writingwithC.WritteninD.writtenby28.Theboxisused__sitting___achair___Mike.A.for,as,byB.by,for,ofC.as,for,byD.for,by,as29.Middleschoolstudents___nottosmoke.A.alwaystellB.aretoldalwaysC.tellalwaysD.arealwaystold30.Theroomhadbetter____thisafternoon.A.becleanedB.tobecleanedC.cleanD.toclean31.Everyoneknowsthatpaper____inChina.AwasmadefirstB.atfirstwasmadeC.wasmadeatfirstD.wasfirstmade32.Hesaidthathisteethneeded____.A.toberepairedB.repairC.repairedD.torepair【精品文档】第5页 精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除33.Theideaseemsgoodbutitneeds_____.A.TryingonB.TotryatC.TobetriedoutD.Beingtried34.Tellmewhat_____next.A.tobefinishedB.BefinishedC.TofinishD.Finish35.Thedirtyclothes___byhismothernow.A.arewashedB.arewashingC.werewashedD.arebeingwashed36.Tom!You_____onthephonejustnow,butyou_____in.A.wanted,wereB.arewanted,areC.werewanted,weren’tD.called,aren’t参考答案：1-5BBDDA6-10ABBAC11-15BBDCB16-20DCDCB21-25BACBC26-30CCADA31-36DACADC【精品文档】第5页