成语、俗语、谚语与歇后语英译.ppt 39页

汉语成语、俗语谚语与歇后语英译 闻所未闻hearingwhathasneverbeenheardbefore;rarelyorseldomheardof闻所未闻为动宾结构，字面意义是听到了从未听到过的，通常用于指事理或论述的新鲜、奇特。 盛气凌人soarrogantastoimposeoneselfuponothers;arrogantordomineeringinmanner盛气凌人为主谓结构，字面意义是骄横傲慢以气势压人，通常与不可一世、咄咄逼人等词语同义。 洋洋得意extremelypleasedastobetooproud;pleasedandtooproud;pleasedtotheextentofbeingtooproud洋洋得意也可以说成得意洋洋。洋洋得意是偏正结构，洋洋修饰得意；得意洋洋也是偏正结构，具体地说是动补结构，但依然是洋洋修饰得意。字面意义是满意到了骄傲的地步，得意到溢于言表。 小心翼翼particularlycareful,extremelycautious小心翼翼为偏正结构，翼翼用做补语修饰小心。翼翼的字面意义是多多，小心翼翼的字面意义是小心多多，使用时的意义为非常小心、特别谨慎，几乎有点过分。 见异思迁changeone’sminduponseeingsomethingnew;beinconsistentininclination见异思迁是连动结构，字面意义是见到了不同的东西就想丢掉原来的，换上那个不同的。主要用于描写人们容易改变主意，喜爱不够专一，有时用于描写男的喜新厌旧，见到了不同于妻子的女人就想“换片子”，当然也可以用来描写这样的女性。 昂首阔步marchwithheadraisedstiffly;strideproudlyahead昂首阔步为联合结构，字面意义为，昂着头大踏步向前迈进。用时多有意气风发、斗志昂扬的意思，有时略有态度高傲的意思。 半途而废stophalfway;giveuphalfway半途而废为偏正结构，字面意义是，走到半路上就不走了，用时多比喻做事干到一半就放弃了，含有惋惜甚至责备的意思。 触类旁通knowledgeofanexampleenablesonetounderstandtherelevantcategory;comprehendsomethingbyanalogy;understandthingsofakindupontouchinganexample触类旁通为连动结构，含有如果触类了就可以旁通的因果意义，因此，本义是接触到某一类知识，就懂得了类似的或相关的知识。用时多用本义。 奋不顾身(inchargingtheenemyoraccomplishingariskytask,)paynoattentiontoone’slifesecurity;regardlessofone’ssecurityorlife奋不顾身为偏正结构，意思为勇往直前到不顾个人安危的地步，用时多用本义。 想入非非indulgeinfantasy;beunrealisticorillusory想入非非为主谓结构，意思是思考问题时想法不符合实际，用时多用本义。 无地自容feelsoashamedastofindnoplacetohideoneselfin;feeltooashamedtoseeothers无地自容为连动结构，本意是因做错了事而羞愧到了极点，羞于见人却又找不到藏身的地方，用时多用本义。 忠心耿耿bewhole-heartedlyloyal;beextremelyloyal忠心耿耿为主谓结构，意思是非常忠诚，用时多用本义。 自惭形秽beashamedofone’sinferiorappearance;feelinferior自惭形秽为主谓结构，本意是因看到自己的容貌举止不如别人而感到惭愧，现在通常使用的意思是因感到自己不如别人而非常惭愧。 汉语俗语英译 不看僧面看佛面don’tblamethemonkfortheBuddha’sake;don’tblametheinferiorortheyoungforthesakeofhissuperiorortheold;forgiveonepersonforanother’ssake 不怕官，只怕管notafraidofanofficialbutafraidofanadministrator;itisnottheofficialbutthepersondirectlyinchargethatmatters 不听老人言，吃苦在眼前don’tlistentoyouroldpeopleandyouwillsufferverysoon;takingtheadvicefortheoldgenerationwillsaveyoufromtroubleorsuffering 不撞南墙不回头hewillnotturnbackuntilhebumpsontothesouthernwall;hewillgoaheaduntilblocked;hewillgoaheaduntilreachingthedeadend 不做亏心事，不怕鬼敲门ifyoudon’tcommitanysin,youwillnotbeafraidofthedevilknockingatyourdoor;anuprightmanisn’tafraidofanything 差之毫厘，失之千里anerrorthebreadthofasinglehaircanleadyouathousandliastray;aslightesterrorcanleadtoagreatestdeviation;aslightcarelessnesscanleadtoaseveremistake 成事不足，败事有余unabletoaccomplishanythingbutlikelytospoileverything;impossibletoachievebutpossibletoruin 吃不了兜着走ifyoucan’teatitup,youhavetotakeitaway;getmorethanonehasbargainedfor;youwillhavetotakefullresponsibilityifyouareover-engaged 痴心女子负心郎aheart-devotedladymeetsaheartlessman;aheart-devotedladybutaheartlessman 春雨贵如油thespringrainisasdearasvegetableoil;thespringrainisdearerthanoil 聪明一世，糊涂一时intelligentforlifebutmuddledforamoment;confusedforthetimebeingforthatintelligentman 打是亲，骂是爱beatingisaffectionandabusingislove;superficialbeatingandabusingrevealprofoundaffectionandtruelove 打肿脸充胖子pretendingtobeafatmanbyslappinghisownfaceswollen;pretendingtobeawealthyman 汉语谚语英译 新来乍到，摸不着锅灶anewcomerisn’tfamiliarwitheitherpotsorthekitchenrange;anewcomerhastofamiliarizehimselfbeforestartingwork 不入虎穴，焉得虎子ifyoudon’tenterthetiger’slair,howcanyoucatchthecubs?youcan’tachievethegoalwithoutarisk 当家才知柴米贵，养儿才报父母恩youwon’thaveanyideaofthehighpricesforriceandfirewoodbeforerunningahouse,andyouwon’trepayyourparentsuntilyouhaveyourownsonsanddaughters;experienceteachestheyounghowtolive 人不可貌相，海水不可斗量don’tjudgeamanbyhisappearanceanddon’tmeasuretheseawithadouorbucket;hemaybemorecapablethanhelooks;amanmayhavemorepotentialthanyouknow 汉语歇后语英译 王羲之写字——横竖都好acharacteroutofWangXizhi’shand——verticalstrokesareasgoodashorizontalones;likeWangXizhi’scalligraphy,itisgoodineverywayNote:WangXizhiwasafamousChinesecalligrapherandaChinesecharacterisusuallycomposedofstrokes,ofwhichtheverticalandhorizontalonesarethemostcommonlyused.Hengshuherehastwointerpretations:1)thehorizontalandverticalstrokes;2)horizontallyorvertically,thatis,inanyway. 饭店里卖服装——有吃有穿sellingclothesataninn——enoughtoeatandenoughtowear;likeadepartmentstorewithaninninit,thereisenoughtoeatandenoughtowear;inadepartmentstorewithaninninit,youwillhaveadecentliving 井底雕花——深刻carvingaflowerdesignonthebottomofawell——carvingdeeplyorgettotheessenceofsomethingNote:theChinesewordshenkeisambiguousinthattheliteralmeaningofthewordmeanscarvingdeeplywhilethefigurativemeaningisprofoundorgettingtheessenceofsomething. 飞机上跳伞——一落千丈baleoutfromaflyingplane——dropdownathousandzhangorsufferadrasticdecline;likejumpingfromaflyingplane,theydeclinedrasticallyNote:Azhangisequalto11/3meters. 热锅上的蚂蚁——走投无路antsinahotpot——nowheretoescape;likeantsinahotpot,theyfindnowheretoescape