巧记英语谚语 7页

巧记英语谚语备战2008高考----浅谈英语谚语在高考中的运用谚语是洋溢着文化气息的哲理性语言，是智慧的结晶。历年的高考英语试题中的谚语的出现频率越来越高，它通常与情景对话题、交际用语题、完形填空题、阅读理解等题型结合，用来提供情景或点明观点主旨。在写作中，如果考生能够运用几句谚语表达，会更提升作文层次，使自己的作文在众多高考作文中让阅卷老师眼前一亮。一、情景交际中的谚语知识英语谚语文字精练、表达生动、情景性强，因此常用在情景交际题中作为试题背景。如2007年高考英语再次出现了考查谚语知识的试题：（2007年江苏卷26）Youmaynothaveplayedverywelltoday,butatleastyou’vegotthroughtothenextroundand___.A.tomorrownevercomesB.tomorrowisanotherdayC.neverputofftilltomorrowD.thereisnotomorrow正确答案为B。A.明日复明日，明日何其多；我生待明日，万事成蹉跎。（因为永远有明天，也就永远会宕延）B.明天又是新的一天。（有明天就有希望）C.今日事，今日做。（今日事，今日毕）D.切莫依赖明天。全句意思是：你今天或许表现欠佳，但至少可以参加下一轮的比赛，有明天就有希望。将谚语溶入考题中是开放探究和激发创新新思维类试题的一个亮点，反映了英语试题鲜活、开放、新颖的特点，也为2008年的高考备考提供了依据和方向。二、阅读理解中的谚语知识谚语包含了朴素的哲理和深刻的寓意，用在阅读理解题中常用来推断、总结、做结论。考试需要透过文字的表层信息进行推理、分析、理解文章的真正内涵，找准文章意义与谚语寓意的切入点。请看下面两篇阅读理解：AYouhearthesamecomplaintallthetime:“Mymemoryisterrible.”Isitallinthemind,ordorealchangestakeplaceinthebrainwiththepassingoftime?Theansweristhatthebrain’scellsdeclineanddiewithage.However,accordingtoProfessorArthurShimamuraoftheUniversityofCalifornia,peoplevarygreatlyinhowtheychangementallywithage,aswellashowmuchtheirmentalabilitydeclines. Therearethreemainwaysinwhichmentalfunctionchanges.Thefirstconcernsspeed,suchashowquicklyyoucanreacttofast-movingincidentsontheroad.Driversintheirlateteensreactquicklybutoftendrivetoofast,whiletheover-60’saremorecarefulbutreactmoreslowly.Thistypeofmentalslowingresultsfromareductionintheefficiencywithwhichthebrains’sneurons(神经细胞)work.Thefactthatadultsfindithardertolearnmusicalinstrumentthanchildrenpointstoasecondtypeofmentaldecline,thelossoflearningabilitywithage.Thepartofthebrainwhichisknowntocontrolnewlearningisparticularlysensitivetotheeffectsofageing.Thismeanswehavetodependmoreondiariesandothermentalaidsaswegetolder,takelongertolearnanewlanguageandareslowertomasternewthingsatwork.“Workingmemory”isthethirdbrainfunctionthatissensitivetotheeffectsofageing.Absentmindednessoccursatallagesbecauseofimperfectionsintheworkingmemorysystem.Forexample,youmaycontinuallyloseyourglasses,orfindyourselfwalkingintoaroomofyourhouseonlytofindthatyoucannotrememberwhatyoucamefor.Suchabsent-mindednessalsooccursmoreoftenaswegetolder.However,evidencealsoshowsthattheprinciple“useitorloseit”appliestotheageingbrain.ProfessorShimamurastudiedagroupofuniversityprofessorswhowerestillmentallyactive,andcomparedtheirperformanceonneuro–psychologicaltestswiththatofothersoftheiragegroup,aswellaswithyoungerpeople.Hefoundthatonseveraltestsofmemory,thementallyactiveprofessorsintheir60’sandearly70’sperformedbetterthanthoseofthesameage,andaswellastheyoungergroup.1.Memorygetsworseaspeoplegrowolderbecause____.A.thebrainstartstoproducetoomanyneuronsB.cellsinthebrainstoptheneuronsfromworkingC.thebrain’sneuronsdon’tworkaswellasbeforeD.whenpeoplegetold,theycomplaintoomuch2.Whichofthefollowingwell-knownsayingsbestexpressestheideaofthethirdparagraph?A.Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush.B.Youcan’tteachanolddognewtricks.C.Wherethere’sawill,there’saway.D.It’snevertoooldtolearn.3.WecanconcludefromShimamura’stestontheprofessorsthat____.A.activemindsmightkeeptheirmemorybetterB.memorycanimprovewiththetimepassingon C.alloftheoldpeoplewillsuffermemorylossD.theprinciple“useitorloseit”isobviouslywrong4.Thispassageismainlyabout____.A.youthandageingB.problemsofgettingoldC.secretsofagoodmemoryD.ageingandmentalability答案：1.C2.B3.A4.D第2题解析：A.双鸟在林不如一鸟在手。B.老狗学不到新把戏。（朽木不可雕。）C.有志者事竟成。D.活到老，学到老。BLifeisrawmaterial.Weareartisans(n.工匠).Wecansculptourexistenceintobeautifulordebase(vt.降低，贬低)itintougliness.It’sinourhands.----CathyBetter.It’sinOurHandsIsn’titamazinghowfewofusaskourselvestheimportantquestion?Severalyearsago,IwasinvitedtohearanimportantspeakeraddressthestudentsbodyofasmallcollegeinSouthCarolina.Theauditoriumwasfilledwithstudentsexcitedabouttheopportunitytohearaspeakerofherstatus(n.地位，身份)speak.Afterthegovernorgavetheintroduction,thespeakermovedtothemicrophone,lookedattheaudiencefromlefttoright,andbegan:“Iwasborntoamotherwhowasdeafandcouldn’tspeak.Idon’tknowwhomyfatherisorwas.ThefirstjobIeverhadwasinacottonfield.”Theaudiencewasspellbound.“Nothinghastoremainthewayitisifthat’snotthewayapersonwantittobe.Shecontinued“itisn’tluck,anditisn’tcircumstances,anditisn’tbeingbornacertainwaythatcausesaperson’sfailuretobecomewhatitbecomes.”Andshesoftlyreported,“Nothinghastoremainthewayitisifthat’snotthewayapersonwantsittobe.”“Allapersonhastodo,”sheaddedinafirmvoice,“tochangeasituationthatbringsunhappinessordissatisfactionanswersthequestion:‘HowdoIwantthissituationtobecome?’thenthepersonmustcommittotallytopersonalactionsthatcarrythemthere.”Thenabeautifulsmileshoneforthasshesaid,,“MynameisAzieTaylorMorton.Istandbeforeyoutodayastreasurer(n.财务主管)oftheUnitedStatesofAmerica.”5.Theunderlinedpart“theimportantquestion”mostprobablyrefers to“____”.A.WhetherlifeisrawmaterialB.whetherwearemastersofourlifeC.whetherweoftenattendagoodlectureD.whetherweareartisans6.Thestudentswerefilledwithexcitementbecause____.A.theywerecertainitwouldbeagoodspeechB.thegovernorwaspresentC.Theydidn’thavemuchchancetohearanimportantpersonspeakD.theywouldbefreetoaskquestions7.Thespeakerdescribedherownexperienceinherspeechto____.A.gainsympathyfromtheaudienceB.telltheaudiencewhatagreatpersonshewasC.teachtheaudiencesomethingvaluableD.maketheaudienceknowmoreabouther8.Whichofthefollowingcanbesttellthemainideaofthepassage?A.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.B.Experienceisthebestteacher.C.Afallintothepit,againinyourwit.D.Stillwatersrundeep.答案：5.B6.C7.C8.A第8题解析：A.有志者，事竟成。B.经验是最好的老师。（有经历必受益）C.吃一堑，长一智。D.静水流深。（沉默者深谋。）在做这类题目的时候，考生首先要正确理解谚语的意思，再结合文意选出正确答案。这就要求考生平时多积累总结，比如专门准备一个谚语手册，平时学习阅读中遇到谚语或好的句子就把它写下来，日积月累，语言运用能力自然就上去了。三、书面表达中的谚语知识将寓意深刻、富有哲理的谚语运用到英语写作中可起到描绘生动、画龙点睛的作用，从而提高作文的得分档次。例如：（2007年福建卷）假设你是林华，福建省某中学高三学生，请你根据以下学生会倡议书的内容给某英文报社写一封信，叙述拟开展活动的内容并发表自己的看法。注意：1.信的开头语已经给出，不计入总词数；2.可根据内容要点适当发挥，但不要逐条翻译；3.词数100左右：4.参考词汇：增进promote;鼓励节约encourageecononmyDeareditor, IamastudentofSeniorThreeinamiddleschoolinFujianProvince.Yourssincerely,LinHua分析：本篇书面表达的主旨增进节约，提倡互助友爱。据此，我们能想到的谚语有：Savingisgetting.（节约而后有。/节约就是获得。）Wastenot,wantnot.（不浪费，不愁缺。）……以此来点明主旨，表明自己对赠书活动的支持与赞赏态度。Onepossibleversion:Deareditor,IamastudentofSeniorTreeinamiddleschoolinFujianProvince.Inorderthatwecanmakethebestoflearningmaterials,theStudents’Unionofourschoolisarranginganactivity.WestudentsofSeniorThreearecalledontogiveawayourusedbooks,newspapersormagazinestothestudentsinthelowergrades.Theidea,whichisintendedtopromotefriendshipandencourageeconomy,ishighlypraisedandsupportedbytheteachersandstudentsalike.Theactivitywilllastabouttendays,fromJune10to20.Savingisgetting./Wastenot,wantnot.Asastudent,Iamstronglyfortheactivitybecauseitisverymeaningfulandhelpful.Ihopethatthiskindofactivitywillcontinueinthefuture.Yourssincerely,LinHua（2007年江苏卷）2007年4月29日上午10点到11点，全国亿万学生阳光体育活动在各地大中小学校同时进行，江苏省1，100万学生积极参与了这项活动。教育部倡导学生：·每天锻炼一小时·健康工作五十年·幸福生活一辈子请你根据以上提示，用英语准备一份发言稿，向同学们讲述一下阳光体育活动的有关情况，并就高三学生是否需要每天花一小时锻炼，谈谈你的看法及理由。注意：①发言稿应包括以上所有信息，要有适当发挥。②词数：120左右。发言稿的开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数。③参考词汇：阳光体育活动——anationalstudentsportsprogram;教育部——theMinistryofEducationGoodafternoon,everyone, ____________________________________________________________________Thankyou!分析：可选用Healthisgreatriches.（健康是笔大财富。）来说明健康的重要性。Onepossibleversion:Goodafternoon,everyone.OnthemorningofApril29,2007,from10:00to11:00,hundredsofmillionsofstudentsfromprimary,middleschoolsanduniversitiesalloverChinajoinedinanationalstudentsportsprogram.ElevenmillionstudentsinJiangsutookanactivepartinthisprogram.TheMinistryofEducationcallsonstudentstoexerciseforanhoureveryday,inthehopethattheywillhavegoodhealthtoworkfiftyyearsandenjoythewholelife.Theadvocationisgoodforourstudents,especiallyinGradeThree.ThestudentsinGradeThreeshouldhavesportsforonehoureveryday.Aslongaswehaveahealthybody,wecanachieveourgoal.Andwewillbeastrongpowertoconstructourcountry.Mydearfriends,comeon!Healthisgreatriches.Letusbuildourstrongandhealthybodysoastosparenoefforttocontributetoourcountry.Thankyou!考题回放：1.---Ittookmetenyearstobuildupmybusiness,anditalmostkilledme.---Well,youknowwhattheysay.____.(2006·江苏卷)A.ThereisnosmokewithoutfireB.PracticemakesperfectC.AllroadsleadtoRomeD.Nopains,nogains2.Ifyouaretraveling____thecustomsarereallyforeigntoyourown,pleasedoasRomansdo.(2006·天津卷)A.inwhichB.whatC.whenD.where3.…Analyzingthelawofthetalion---aneyeforaneye,atoothforatooth---WilliamIanWillerpresentsanoriginalthinkingovertheconceptof“payback”…（2006·上海卷阅读C篇）Theword“talion”inintroducingthebookEyeforanEyeisprobablyaconceptof____.A.medicineB.tradec. avengingD.striving4.---Neverthoughttoseeyouhere,Jay!---____.A.It’sasmallworldB.Don’tletitworryyouC.It’salwaysthecaseD.I’dliketomeetyoueveryday5.---I’vegivenupsmokingalready,darling.---Youshouldhavetakenthedoctor’sadviceyearsago.____,anyway.A.BetterlatethanneverB.It’seasiersaidthandoneC.Nopains,nogainsD.Wellbegunishalfdone6.“Firstcome,first____”isanEnglishproverb.A.serviceB.servedC.servingD.toserve7.Allworkandnoplay____Jackadullboy.A.makeB.madeC.makesD.making8.Givehimaninch____he’lltakeanell.A.orB.butC.andD.otherwise答案与解析：1.D.A.无风不起浪。B.熟能生巧。C.条条大路通罗马（殊途同归）D.不劳无获。2.D.3.C.aneyeforaneye,atoothforatooth以眼还眼，以牙还牙；avengevt.报复，报仇4.A.It’sasmallworld这世界真小。（我们又见面了。）5.A.A.迟做总比不做好。B.说比做容易。C.不劳无获。D.好的开始是成功的一半。6.B.Firstcome,firstserved.先到者先受用。（先到先得。）7.C.全句意思为：只工作（学习）不玩耍聪明的孩子也变傻。8.C.全句意思为：得寸进尺。