英语谚语俗语翻译 18页

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  • 2022-06-16 14:22:07 发布

英语谚语俗语翻译

  • 18页
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PartOneØIhadonlyrecentlyseenJohninarestaurant.ThenewsofhisdeathcameasaboltfromtheblueØShefoundthekeysshehadlostlastmonth,whichwaslikeaboltfromtheblueAboltfromtheblueØMeaning:Acompletesurprise,likeaboltoflightningfromabluesky.ØOrigin:ThishasthefeelofaShakespearianorBiblicalphrase,butitisn"tasoldasitsounds.Thereareseveralformsofit:"outoftheblue","aboltoutoftheblue",etc.TheearliestcitationisThomasCarlyle,inTheFrenchRevolution,1837:"Arrestment,suddenreallyasaboltoutoftheBlue,hashitstrangevictims."ØItisunpleasanttohearhimspeakonnationaltopics,forheisabirdofillomen.Ø叫他谈论国事是不愉快的,因为他常出不吉之言。abirdofillomenØ中国有句老话:“夜猫子进宅,无事不来”,可见猫头鹰是种不吉利的象征。它往往和黑暗、神秘甚至死亡联系起来。然而在日本,猫头鹰却是吉利和幸福的代表。Ø奥运会的吉祥物Ø雕像、挂钟、水壶、牙签盒,甚至还有女士佩戴的胸针ØTheywereonlycryingcrocodiletearsattheoldman"sfuneralbecausenobodyhadreallylikedhim.Ø在老人的葬礼上,他们在假装慈悲,因为他们之中没有谁喜欢过他。ØWeneednothopeforlowertaxesinthefuture─thatwouldbecryingforthemoon.Ø我们不应抱任何希望将来会降低税收,这是根本不可能的事。“不可能”,“没门”的译法ØNoway/Thereisnoway!ØImpossible!ØOutofthequestion/That"soutofthequestion!ØNotachance!ØHopeless!ØPigsmightfly!ØThesunmightriseinthewest!ØNever/Nevereverever!ØYouarecryingforthemoon!StreetArabsareproducedbyslumsandnotbyoriginalsin.Ø流浪儿是贫民窟的产物,而不是原始罪恶的产物。Johnisashamedofhishumblebackground.ThatishisAchilles"heel.Ø约翰因出身卑贱而自惭形秽,这是他的致命弱点。ØEveryatomofyourfleshisasdeartomeasmyown;inpainandsicknessitwouldstillbedear.Ø在我看来,你身上的每一个细胞都像我自己的细胞一样亲,即使你痛苦你有病,也还是一样亲。ØI"llplayoldGooseberrywiththeoffice,andmakeyougladtobuymeoutatagoodhighfigure.Ø我要在工作上故意捣蛋,使你不得不付出高价收买我。Øplaygooseberry (Britishhumorous)Øtobewithtwopeoplewhoarehavingaromanticrelationshipandwhowouldprefertobealone.Ø“Bestbeofftobed,myboy─ho,ho!”“No,no.Weknowatrickworthtwoofthat.Wewon’tgohometillmorning,tilldaylightdoesappear!”Ø“孩子,最好上床睡吧——嗬,嗬!”“不,不,你不必跟我们玩那一套。不到明天,不到天大亮我们不归家。 knowatrickworthtwoofthat:有更好的办法ØWhatyousuggestisverygood.Butlistentome.Iknowatrickworthtwoofthat.ØWhenthewell"sdry,weknowtheworthofwater.ØWe"llneverknowtheworthofwatertillthewellgodry.ØWeneverknowtheworthofwatertillthewellisdry.ØShegaveherhearttoonewhocouldnotknowitsworth.ØNooneknowtheworthofwoman"slovetillhesueforalienation.ØYouknowatrickortwoaftertwentyyearsinbusiness.ØYourclassmadehimmonitor,whichamountstosettingthefoxtokeepthegeese.Ø你们班推选他当班长,这等于是引狼人室Øsetafoxtokeepone"sgeese:引狼人室ØYes,Iwenttherethenightbeforelast,butshewasquiteonthehighropesaboutsomething,andwassograndandmysteriousthatIcouldn’tmakeanythingofher.Ø不错,前天晚上我到那儿去过,也不知道她为何异常得意洋洋,又威风又神秘,弄得我莫名其妙Øbeonthehighropes:兴高采烈,得意ØTheSquirebrokein,“Don’tthinkthatI’llhaveanyhumblepieeatentothatfellowBellew!"Ø乡绅插嘴道:“别以为我会向贝鲁这种人低声下气。”ØEathumblepie(British,American&Australian)alsoeatcrow(American):Actsubmissivelyandapologetically,especiallyinadmittinganerror.忍气吞生,赔礼道歉Ø我们原打算在妈妈生日那天给她意外惊喜,可他却泄露了秘密。WehadplannedtogiveMumapleasantsurpriseonherbirthday,butletthecatoutofthebagØTolooklikethecatthatatethecanary形容一个人显得非常满足的样子。Øraincatsanddogs倾盆大雨ØAllcatsare(或look)black(或gray)inthedark./Weareinthesameboat.Ø五十步笑百步或乌鸦笑猪黑。西方人也喜欢猫,并将猫养为宠物。但是黑猫却让西方人心生恐惧,尤其是英国人,他们将黑猫与女巫联系在上起。如果是漆黑的星期五晚上碰上一只黑猫,便预示着此人会遭厄运。在英国古代的传说中,人们认为妖魔常变成黑色的动物,尤其是黑猫,还有人说黑猫就是巫婆变的。黑猫有九命,巫婆有变九次的魔法。杀死一只黑猫,她还可以再变八次。所以英语的猫还含有"心地恶毒的女人,爱说人坏话的女人"等意思。ØSheisacat(她是个包藏祸心的女人)ØMrsSmithisaperfectcat(史密斯太太是个地地道道的长舌妇)ØThemanandhiswifeliveacatanddoglife,andbotharemiserable(他们夫妻俩经常吵架,两人都感到痛苦)ØIt‘sdifficulttogetamantobellthecat(敢于在危险中挺身而出的人不容易找到)ØAcathasninelives(猫有九命/自有天相)ØCatshidetheirclaws(猫总是藏起自己的爪子/知人知面不知心)ØAllcatsaregreyinthedark(黑暗处的猫都是灰色的/人未出名时看起来都差不多)ØAglovedcatcatchesnomice(戴手套的猫抓不到老鼠/不愿吃苦的人成不了大事业)ØThecatshutsitseyeswhenstealingcream(掩耳盗铃,自欺欺人)ØThere‘smorewaysthanonetokillacat(有的是办法)Ølikeacatonhotbricks(焦躁不安,如热锅上的蚂蚁)Ø他决定不了究竟是上大学还是去找工作,可事实上他只能干一件,两者不能兼得。ØHecan’tmakeuphismindwhethertogotocollegeorgetajob.Youcan"teatyourcakeandhaveit,too.ØTohaveone’scakeandeatittoo: Ø(eatone’scakeandhaveittooorsimplyhaveone’scakeandeatit)Ø"youcan"thaveitbothways"and"youcan"thavethebestofbothworlds."Ø如果你在数学课堂上准备英语考试,那就好比是挖肉补疮ØItisjustlikerobbingPetertopayPaulifyoutrytopreparefortheEnglishexamduringamathsclassØrobPetertopayPaul(拆东墙补西墙)ØFig.totakeorborrowfromoneinordertogiveorpaysomethingowedtoanotherØForexampleØByborrowingmoneytomeetthedebt,youarejustrobbingPetertopayPaulØYouborrowmoneyfrommetopaythebankloan.ItislikerobbingPetertopayPaul.Ø害群之马,无处不有。ØThereisablacksheepineveryflockØ饿了糠也甜,饱了蜜也咸。ØHungrydogswilleatdirtypuddingsØ我刚来,真是“丈二和尚——摸不着头脑”!你的估计怎样?ØBeingnewhere,I"mverymuchinthedarkmyself!Let’shearyourassessmentofit.那二鬼子被村子里的人打得鼻青脸肿。ØThepuppetsoldierwasbeatenblackandbluebythevillagersØ我看见火车朝他们开来,还没来得及喊,它已经撞上了其中一人。ØIsawthetraincomingtowardsthem.BeforeIcouldsayJackRobinson,ithadhitononeofthem.ØHeranoffbeforeIcouldsayJackRobinson.ØAsIwalkedintothekitchenthecatjumpedoutofthewindowbeforeyoucouldsayJackRobinson.Ø她有一次解释她为何嫁给比她矮小很多的人。她说:“他虽然矮一点,但他不但仁慈而且精力充沛,工作又勤奋。所谓身小会文国家用,大汉空长做什么?nSheonceexplainedwhyshemarriedhimsomuchshorterthanher.“Hemaybeabitshort,’’shesaid,”buthe"snotonlykind,butveryenergeticandhardworking.Bettershortandsweetthanlongandlax.”Øshortandsweet:briefandtothepoint;withoutdelay简短扼要;不拖延ØThepolitician’sspeechwassurprisinglyshortandsweet;itonlylastedtenminutes.ØThestudentsappreciatedthefactthattheteachermadetheexamshortandsweet.Ø我平日和你说话,你全当耳边风。ØButletwhateverIsaygoinoneearandouttheother.ØHowmanytimeshaveItoldyoutogettoworkontime?Butmywordsjustgoinoneearandouttheother.SoIdon’thaveanychoicebuttofireyou.ØWhateveryousaytohimgoesinatoneearandoutattheother.ØTheteacher"sdirectionstotheboywentinoneearandouttheother.ØSincehismindwasalreadymadeup,myargumentswentinoneearandouttheother.Ø他认为这些美丽的中国画是连城之璧。ØHethinksthatthesebeautifultraditionalChinesepaintingsarebeyondprice(rareandvaluable)Ø他是个不中用的货,又不会种田,又不会作生意,坐吃山空,把些田地都弄得精光。ØThisfellowwasagood-for-nothing;hecouldneithertillthelandnortrade.HejustsatathomeeatinguntilhehadeatenupallhispropertyØ现在国家正当多事之秋,那王公大臣只是恐怕耽处分,多一事不如少一事。ØNowthecountryisinperil,yetthenoblesandhighofficialsareonlyafraidofbeingpunished, andtheirpolicyistoletsleepingdogslie.nIt"sbettertosavetrouble.;thelesstroublethebetter;avoidtroublewheneverpossible;don"tmeettroublehalfwayØIfIwereyou,IwouldnottellNellieyousawherhusbandhavinglunchwithanotherwoman.Itmighthavebeenperfectlyinnocent,butI"dletsleepingdogslie.ØBetterletsleepingdogslie.ThebosslikesPetersomuch,andyouarejustlikefishinabigpond.Besmartandstayquietuntilyourchancecomes.Practice2ØRemainwhereyouaretillIreturn;beasstillasamouse.Ø你呆在此处等到我回来,静静地不要弄出声响。ØJohn,atimidmiddle-agedmickeymousewhowasafraidofcrowds,people,anything.Ø约翰,一个胆小的微不足道的中年人,他怕人多,怕同人接触,什么都怕ØIfthemountainwillnotcometoMahomet,Mahometmustgotothemountain.Ø(谚语〉事不将就人,人就得将就事。(他不迁就你,你就得迁就他)ØYouneedn"tpaythebill.It"smyturntostandSam.Ø你不必付账。这次轮到我做东。ØHeroseagainandtouredthedishevelledroom.Themanattheothertableraisedhishead,”Youseemabitonyourtoes.”Ø他又站起来在乱糟糟的房间里踱来踱去,在另一餐桌旁的那个人抬起头来说:“你看上去有些坐立不安。Øonone"stoes:stayalertandreadyforaction.ØKeeponyourtoes,lads,theattackisexpectedatanymoment.ØItkeepsyourbrainonitstoes.ØAtoadeaterisonewhoeatssomebody"stoads.Ø马屁精是拍某人马屁的人ØIfyoudoit,itmeansthatyouaresettingthetortoisetocatchthehare.Ø你若做它,这意味着你在做不可能做到的事ØHehasanoldheadonyoungshoulders;atonemomentheisascampishboy,andatanotheraresoluteman.Ø他少年老成:一会儿是个淘气的小孩,一会儿是刚毅果断的男子汉ØHetalksaboutnothingbutmoney——It"sbecomingaKingCharles"head!Ø他只谈到了钱——钱成了他不离口的话题Ø当有人对我提出另一个工作时,我进退维谷,因为我仍然对我的老板怀有极大的忠心。ØIwasonthehornsofadilemmawhenIwasofferedanotherjobbecauseIstillfeltagreatdealofloyaltytomyboss.Ø钱先生周岁时“抓周”,抓了一本书,因此得名“钟书”。(舒展文《钱钟书与杨绛》〉ØWhenQianwasjustoneyearold,hewastoldbyhisparentstochooseonethingamongmanyothers,hepickedupabookofallthings.Thereuponhisfatherverygladlygavehimthename:Zhongshu(=booklover)Ø谚曰:“桃李不言,下自成蹊”。此言虽小,可以喻大。ØThepeachandplumtreescannottalk,yetapathistroddenouttothem.Thissimplesayingconveysawealthofmeaning.Ø真是一说曹操,曹操就到!老无赖来了!杰克,你已经订婚了,是不是?ØWell,speakofthewolf(andhewillappear)!Hereistheoldscoundrel!Isthatright,you"vegottenyourselfengaged,Jack?Ø许多家长太溺爱孩子了,这样反而害了他们。他们给孩子们太多的钱,太多的自由,这样很容易导致少年犯罪。ØAgreatmanyparentsarekillingtheirchildrenwithkindnessbygivingthemtoomuchmoney andfreedom.Thismayleadtojuveniledelinquency.Practice3ØGuardsknewwhenbluedevilshadseizedtheinmatesofthesecages,theycouldn"teat.Ø看守们知道,牢笼里的人忧郁沮丧时,饭就吃不下。ØBeingoutofhealth,shewassorelyafflictedwiththebluedevils.Ø由于身体不好,她变得极为忧郁。Øbluecoat警察Øbluejacket水手Øblue-blooded高贵的Øbluestocking女才子Øabluemoon稀罕的事Øinabluemood情绪低落Øbluebaby天生苍白的小孩Øablueblood出生高贵的人Øbluetalk色情言语、污言秽语Øtohavetheblue忧伤、伤感Øthebluemoon千载难逢的机会Ø“Where"sthefire,dearboy?”hedrawled,“Doyoureallyhavetorunforit?”Ø“干嘛这么急,老弟?”他慢吞吞地说,“难道我们非跑步不可吗?”ØIcan’tlivethislifeofmilkandwater.Imustgetexcitedsomehow—orIshallburst!Ø我无法过这种毫无生气的生活。我得设法兴奋一下,否则我受不了!ØEachbitthethumbbutneitherdaredsayhebititattheother.Ø他俩互相瞧不起,却又不敢公开承认。ØItismuchcryandlittlewoolwithhim.Tohearhimtalkyouwouldthinkhewastheworld’sgreatestartists;actuallythey"reverymediocre.Ø他说得好可做得差。听他讲话觉得他似乎是世界上最了不起的艺术家,实际上乃平庸之辈也。ØAprophetisnotwithouthonour,saveinhisowncountry.Ø先知在故乡无人尊敬;本地姜不辣ØThenewchiefjustice,SirRobertWrightwasignoranttoaproverb.Ø这位新任大法官罗伯特爵士的无知,是尽人皆知的。ØMillionsofpeoplehavelivednearorbelowthebreadlineforalmosttwodecades.Ø差不多20年了,生活在贫困线以下或温饱问题还没有解决的人口仍有几百万。ØJohn"sletterdoesn’tmakesense;itisneitherrhymenorreason.Ø约翰的信写得一点也不明白,简直莫名其妙。ØIhascrossedtheRubicon,andrefusedtogivehimwhathewanted.Ø我巳采取断然措施,拒绝给他所要的东西。ØInternationalpressuremaybeabletopreventthecountrycrossingtheRubicontoauthoritarianrule. ØItwasarealfeatherinhiscapforthenewteacherwhenhewasmadeheadofthehistorydepartment.Ø对这位新老师来说,被任命为历史系的系主任可是一件值得骄傲的事儿。ØItwasnousecryingoverspiltmilk.Nousebuildingcastlesintheair.Whatwasneededwasaplan---lotsofplans---serious,practical,sensibleplansforthenewlife.Ø覆水难收,徒悔无益。空中楼阁,也没好处。需要的是规划——许许多多的规划——为新生活而作的严肃、切实、明智的规划。ØShedidn"texpecttoomuchofhim;theywerebirdsofadifferentfeather.Ø她没有对他指望太多;他们走不到一块去。ØIamfromMissouri,you"vegottoshowme. Ø我要见到确实证据才相信;我是不见不信。ØJohncanbereliedon.Heeatsnofishandplaysthegame.Ø约翰为人可靠,他既诚实又正直。ØThatisatallstoryaboutthetown"sstreet.Ø有关这城主街的说法实在令人难以置信ØListeningtoclassicalmusicismycupoftea.Ø古典音乐我最爱听。nOne’scupofteaØYoucouldalwaysgethimtogoforawalk.Hikingwasjusthiscupoftea.ØChemistry,notart,ismycupoftea.ØMyunclesentmeanovelwrittenbyBalzac.That’sjustmycupoftea.ØThisisafinekettleoffish!Iforgotmybook.Ø真糟糕,我的书忘了带了。ØThereIwas,stuckonalonelyroad50milesfromhome,afterIwasstupidenoughtolockmyselfoutofmycar.Itwasdarkandnotahouseinsight.Afinekettleoffish,Itellyou!ØHeleftafinekettleoffishbehind.Wecouldn"tfindoutwhatourmoneyhadbeenspentfor;wecouldn’ttellwhichmembershadpaidtheirdues,andtherentwasn"tpaid.Whatamess!ØTohaveotherfishtofry.ØHoney,theywantmetorunforCongress,butIsaidno.Ihaveotherfishtofry-IneedallmytimeformybusinesssoIcanretirewhenIreach50andwecanmovetoHawaii.ØThegirlknewherboy-friendhadlittlemoney,sosheofferedtogoDutch.Ø那女孩知道她男朋友没有多少钱,因此提出各付各的账。ØEversinceOliviametTim,she"sbecomeextremelyeventemperedandcalm.Evenlargeproblemsneverbotherher:"Lovefindaway,”shealwayssays.Ø自从奥丽维亚遇到狄姆,她性情变得非常沉静,即使大问题也困扰不了她,正如她常说:“好姻缘棒打不散。ØIfthewholethingwerenotdisposedofwithinthenextfewmonthsthefellowwouldturnupagainlikeabadpenny.Ø若几个月内整桩事情还没有解决好,那家伙还会来纠缠的。ØHedoesnothavearegularjob,butwheneverhesellsoneofhispaintings,hecankeepthepotboilingforafewweeks.Ø他没有固定的工作,但每当他卖掉一幅画,便能维持几个星期的生活。ØKeepthepotboilingØKeepthewolffromthedoorØIfyouinvestinthatcompany,you"llburnyourfingers.Itsfutureisveryuncertain.Ø如果你对那家公司投资的话,你将会自讨苦吃。它的前途可靠不住。Øburnyourfingersalsohave/getyourfingersburned/burntØSeveralartdealersgottheirfingersburnedonoldmasterpaintingsthatlaterturnedouttobefakesØThedonkeymeansonethingandthedriveranother.Ø不同的人有不同的观点;各人从自己的利益出发看问题。Ø仁者见仁,智者见智:thedonkeymeansonething,andthedriveranother./thebenevolentseebenevolenceandthewiseseewisdom.ØHehadwalkedtwomilesthroughthepouringrain,andarrivedatourhouselookinglikesomethingthecat"sbroughtin.Ø他在倾盆大雨中走了两英里,到我们家时浑身沾满泥浆,一副精疲力尽的样子。 ØYoucan"tpossiblygotoschoollikethat-youlooklikesomethingthecatdraggedin!ØSheisheadandshouldersabovetherestoftheclassinsinging.Ø在唱歌方面,她比班上其他人强得多ØheadandshouldersabovesomeoneorsomethingØThiswineisheadandshouldersabovethatone.ØJohnstandsheadandshouldersaboveBob.ØIfheweredowninthemouth,onecouldfeelsorryforhim.ButhelooksaspleasedasPunchwithhimself.Ø他要是愁眉苦脸,人们倒会可怜他,可是他却满开心地自得其乐呢。Ødowninthemouth:口语,“沮丧的”,“颓丧的”,“气馁的”ØbeaspleasedasPunch Ø"gloomyatthethoughtofwhathehadtoface";Ø"gloomypredictions";Ø"agloomysilence";Ø"thedarkeningmood";Ø"lonelyandblueinastrangecity";Ø"depressedbythelossofhisjob";Ø"adispiritedandresignedexpressiononherface";Ø"downcastafterhisdefeat";Ø"feelingdiscouragedanddownhearted"ØIfhewereseenitwasdollarstodoughnutsthathewouldbearrested.Ø若当时他被人瞧见,十拿九稳他会被捕。ØIt’sdollarstodoughnuts:相差悬殊,十有八九ØIwillbetyoudollarstodoughnutstherewillbenorainstomorrow.ØItisdollarstodoughnutsthatWangisnotexpectingustonightØDollarstodoughtstheyhaveforgottenabouttheirappointmentwithus.ØtwodoughnutsandcoffeeØ贼臣董卓,将欲篡位;朝中文武,无计可施。ØHereishowmattersstand:thetraitorDongZhuoispreparingtoseizethethrone,andourcivilmilitaryofficialshavenomeanstopreventhim.Ø虽然他非常有才能,但他非常谦虚不摆架子,故他树敌不多,所谓大智若愚,大巧若拙。ØHehasmadefewenemies,eventhoughhe"sverybrilliant,becausehe’ssomodestandunassuming.Itisagreattalenttobeabletoconcealone"stalents.Ø大智若愚,大巧若拙:ØHeknowsmostwhospeaksleast.ØItiswisdomsometimestoseemafool.ØGreatestgeniusoftenliesconcealed.ØAmanofgreatwisdomoftenappearsslow-witted[stupid].ØMenofgreatwisdomoftenappearslow-witted.ØCatshidetheirpaws.ØStillwatersrundeep.Ø假使你希望约翰工作愉快,你最好给他加薪;否则他将辞职;所谓三天不吃饭,什么事都敢干ØYoushouldgiveJohnaraiseinsalaryifyouexpecthimtobehappyathiswork;otherwise,hemightquit.Ahungrymanisanangryman.Ø“不到黄河心不死,哈哈哈!”李秘书突然大声笑了。Ø“Won"tquituntilwedrivethemintothesea—Ha,Ha,Ha!"CommissionerLiburstintoheartylaughter. ØUntilallisoverambitionneverdies.;ØnottostopuntilonereachestheHuangheRiverØnotstopuntilonereachesone"sgoalØ你别狗仗人势欺侮人,争权夺利,勾心斗角的事我不干。ØYoudon’tbullyothersonthestrengthofyourboss;Iwon"tscrambleforpowerandprofitandintrigueagainstothers.Ø狗仗人势:beabullywiththebackingofapowerfulpersonØ争权夺利:toscrambleforpowerandwealthØ勾心斗角:intrigueagainsteachotherØ两雄相遇,必有一搏。ØItwillcertainlybeanexcitingmatchwhenGreekmeetsGreek.Ø他们的后台总是靠不住的,一旦树倒猢狲散,全局就改观了。ØTheirwire-pullingbossesarenotreliable;oncethetreefalls,themonkeysonitwillfleehelter-skelter,andthewholesituationwillchange.Ø他们说连他放个屁都是香的。ØTheysayaRussianfartisfragrantØ这才是“知人知面不知心”呢。那里有这样禽兽的人。ØYoucanknowaman’sfacebutnothisheart.I’llshowthebeast!ØWemayknowaman"sexteriorbutnothisheart.ØItisimpossibletojudgeaman"sheartfromhisface.ØOnemayknowapersonforalongtimewithoutunderstandinghistruenature.ØYouknowamanoryourecognizehimwhenyouseehim,butyoudon"tknowwhatheisatheart.ØYoumayknowaperson"sface,butnothisheart.Ø亲身经历,胜过旁人教诲。ØWitboughtisbetterthanwittaught.Ø千里之堤,溃于蚁穴。ØSlightnegligencemayleadtogreatdisaster.ØAsmallleakwillsinkagreatship.(小漏水也会沉大船)Ø不尝黄连苦,哪知蜜糖甜。不要总以为天下乌鸦一般黑。ØWhohasnevertastedbitter,knowsnotwhatissweet.Butdon‘talwaysbethinking“ineverycountrydogsbite.ØEvilpeoplearesamelybadallovertheworld.ineverycountrydogsbiteDogsbiteineverycountryØ人人负责,无人负责。艘公多了会翻船。ØEverybody"sbusinessisnobody"sbusiness.ToomanycooksmayspoilthesoupØ有事只管来找我。ØCometoseemewheneveryouneedanyhelp.Ø不要以为它太贵了。(快来买呀,)过了这个村就没这个店了。ØPleasedon"tthinkitistoomuch.Soitisnowornever.Ø子曰:“无欲速,无见小利。欲速则不达,见小利则大事不成。”ØConfuciussaid,“Don"twishforspeed;don"tseesmalladvantages.Ifyouwishforspeed,youwon"tsucceed;ifyouseesmalladvantages,greatthingswillnotbeaccomplished.”ØHastemakeswaste Øfool"shasteisnospeedØMorehaste,lessspeed.ØThemorehaste,thelessspeed. 1.Thehotelswereallfull,sowehadtopigitinanoldhutforthenight.旅社均已客满,我们不得不挤在一个又脏又旧的棚屋里过夜。2.Letsleepingdogslie.Why,thesepeoplearekittlecattletoshoe.别惹是生非。哎,这些人都是难对付的人Bekittlecattletoshoe:难以对付的人3.Thebanditsseemedtohavegotawaywithnotroubleatall,thepolicehadjamontheirfacesthistime.匪徒们似乎很顺利地逃脱了,警察部门这次可丢脸了。Ifyousaythatsomeonehasjamontheirface,theyappeartobecaught,embarrassedorfoundguilty.lieonone"sface脸朝下躺下...JustputyourJohnHenryonthatCheckandthentakeittothebank.请你在支票上签个名,然后把它拿到银行去。4.Moneymakesthemarego.Youcansecureyourendswithonehundredpounds.有钱能使鬼推磨,用100英镑你就能达到目的。Secureone’sposition:稳住阵脚5.Theaccusedknewthathehadtobitethebulletuntilhewasprovedinnocent.被告知道在证明他是无辜的以前,他只得咬紧牙关忍受。bitethebullet:原意:咬住子弹引伸义:咬紧牙关挺过去6.Whenheenteredourcollegefouryearsago,hewasaspoorasJob,butnowhehasbecomeamillionaire.当他4年前进我们学院时,他穷得家徒四壁,可现在成了百万富翁。AspoorasJob:一贫如洗,家徒四壁。7.Twomaykeepcounselwhenthethird"saway.没有不泄露的秘密;没有不透风的墙(有意无意的被流传开去,也有意无意的伤了人)。8.HeisarealJekyllandHyde:athomehe"skindandloving,butinbusinesshe"scompletelywithoutprinciples.他是个真的具有双重人格的人;在家和蔼可亲,可在生意场上,他却完全不讲道义。9.Thatwasnotaskingmuch,andyet.…hecouldnothelpthinkingitwaslikeaskingforthemoon.这样要求本来并不过分,可是……他们却不由得想,这简直是异想天开。Askforthemoon:towantsomethingthatyoucannotreach or have;totryfortheimpossible,异想天开10.Hehasgoodreasontobelieveinyou,foryouareaskindamanasthesunshineson.他完全有理由相信你,因为你是世上少有的好心人(或打起灯笼也找不到的好心人)。11.Sir,Iamonlyjustgettingwellofafever,andIamasweakaswater.先生,我髙烧才好,身体非常虚弱。Asweakaswater:浑身没劲儿tobeinhotwater/indeepwater:陷入困境wateroverthedam:木已成舟,既成事实asweakaswater:身体非常虚弱;意志薄弱;性格懦弱fishintroubled/muddywaters:混水摸鱼;趁火打劫inrough/troubledwater:灾难深重spendlikewater:挥霍无度12.Hewasamannotyetfortyyearsofage,withstillmuchofthesaltofyouthabouthim.他不到40岁,仍有着不少青年人的朝气。thesaltofyouth:青年人的热情TrytranslatingthefollowingintoEnglish 1.袖手旁观,守株待兔。Standingbywithfoldedarmsandwaitingforgainswithoutpains2.失之东隅,得之桑榆。Whatyouloseontheswingsyougetbackontheroundabouts.英译loseatsunriseandgainatsunset我觉得一些看上去很健康的女孩子施以浓妆,实在是多此一举。Ialwaysfeelthatitwouldsimplybetogildthelilyforsomehealth-lookingyounggirlstomakeuptheirfacedsoheavily.3.妈妈说我最好离开厨房,因为她不需要我帮忙。我在那儿碰这撞那,反而碍事。MumsaidthatI’dbest/hadbetterleavethekitchenbecauseshedidn"tneedmyhelpandIwaslikeabullinachinashopthere.4.月满则亏,水满则溢。Themoonwaxesonlytowane,waterbrimsonlytooverflow.月满则亏,说明:月亮圆了,接着就会慢慢的变成月牙。水满则溢,说明:盛水的容易内水满了,再注水就会溢出来啦。比喻做什么事情到了极点都会慢慢衰退的。TheOriginsJekyllandHydeJekyllandHyde源于苏格兰作家R.L.史蒂文森1886年发表的作品《化身博士》(DoctorJekyllandMr.Hyde),该作品所描写的是一个具有双重对立人格的人:一是善良的DrJekyll,一是邪恶的MrHyde。结合起来就是一个具有双重对立人格的人。汉译时,译着“两面派,具有善恶双重人格的人”SwordofDamoclesSwordofDamocles出自古代希腊的一则历史故事。精通古希腊历史、文学的罗马杰出作家与政论家西塞罗(106BC-43BC)在其论文《图斯库拉的话》屮写道:“公元前4世纪的西西里岛上叙拉克的统治者狄奥尼修斯一世(406BC-367BC)有个亲信的名字叫达摩克里斯,他很羡慕帝王的柰华生活,常说:“君王是人世间最幸福的人。”狄奥尼修斯为了教训这个想得君位者,在一次宴会上,要他坐在国土的宝座上。当他猛然抬头,只见头顶上有一把用头发悬着的宝剑,随时都有刺到头顶的危险。他吓得战战兢兢,如坐针毡,时刻提心吊胆,惶惶不安。由于该成语用来比喻临头的危险或情况的危急,因此可汉译为“千钧一发",但也可译为“达摩克里斯的宝剑”Burnone’sboats(bridges为美国人使用)源于一则历史故事0古罗马朱力斯•凯撒大军乘船越过Rubicon后就把船烧了,以此向士兵指明后路已断不可能后退。现借用来比喻“不留后路,下定决心干到底”。可汉译为“破釜沉舟"。Homersometimesnods.此语可译为“智者千虑,必有一失”。用来比喻“伟人有时也会出错”。源自古罗马著名诗人贺拉斯(65BC4BC)写的《诗艺》:“我认为居然可敬的荷马也打瞌睡(EvenHomersometimesnods)o这是羞愧的事,但在如此长久的写作中,睡意袭来时,打一下瞌睡未尝不可/这里同时值得一提的是荷马(Homer)这位曾得到马克思极高评价的古希腊的伟大诗人,他曾写过两部性界著名的史诗:《伊亚特》与《奥德赛》。这两部史诗无论从艺术技巧或者从历史、地理、考古学和民俗学方面讲都有很大的艺术价值,有“永久的魅力”,是“一种规范和高不可及的范本”。Hobson"schoice此语可译为“毫无选择的余地。”源自英国《观察家》杂志H12年第509期。Hobson是6世纪英国剑桥地区驿站老板。按规定驿站都向顾客出租马匹,他因喜欢自己的马匹而坚持按固定的顺序轮流将马出租。顾客到马厩去牵马时,不论该马如何即牵即走,无商量的余地。如顾客不服从,就只得自认倒霉。Hobson毫不徇私情,非叫顾客用该马不可,否则就别想有马骑。因而,老板的这种怪癖叫人不敢和他讨价还价了。1.Iwentonabatinhisroom,andwesmokedanddranktillthree.我到他的房间里去狂欢,我们在那里又抽烟又喝酒,一直到清晨三点。 goonabat纵酒取乐,酗酒胡闹gooutonabat酗酒胡闹gotobat[美国俚语]被判入狱,判刑onone"sownbat[俚语]通过自己的努力;靠自己的力量blindasabat[口语]近乎全盲的;视力很差的,眼力不行的;鼠目寸光的;完全看不见东西的likeabatoutofhell[俚语]如飞地,飞速地;不顾一切地,鲁莽地,胡来地1.Areyourunningwiththehareandhuntingwiththehounds?You’reeitherforusoragainstus.Whichisit?你两面讨好吗?你要么赞成我们,要么反对我们。究竟是哪一种态度?Hare也叫jackrabbit或jackrabbit,不打洞(burrow/warren),而是在地面坑(depression)里或窝(form)。出生带毛(furred),眼睛睁开。Rabbit是住在洞里的,出生没毛,不能睁眼;家养的通常住在小木屋(hutch)中。Hare比rabbit体型大,耳朵更长,有黑色斑点(marking),不群居,没有被人类驯化(domesticated),所以可以叫‘野兔’。一岁以下的hare叫leveret。一群叫drove。Rabbit可以翻译为‘家兔’,但有的也叫hare,因为长相接近,但实际上还是rabbit,如BelgianHare.“兔”在中国人心中可谓形象复杂,有好的一面,如“形如脱兔”(比喻动作快捷);也有差的一面,如“狡兔三窟、兔子尾巴长不了”。对外国人来说,rabbit的形象可不美。arabbit意为apersonwhoplaysagamebadly(蹩脚的运动员———尤指网球运动员);在俚语中,hare指坐车不买票的人。runwiththehareandhuntwiththehoundshunt是“追捕、猎杀”的意思,hound指“猎狗”,它的拼写是h-o-u-n-d,字面意思就是“和兔子一起奔跑的同时派猎狗追赶”,既想得到兔子的信任又想猎杀兔子,也就是“两面讨好”。这个“两面讨好”和我们汉语里讲的“两面派”(two-faced)意思可不一样,我们来看一个例子:Theywanttokeepthepeaceandhaveeveryonehappy.Forthisreasontheylearnveryquicklytorunwiththeharesandhuntwiththehounds;tosidewithwhoeverisnearestinarelentlessquesttoavoidrows.他们希望保持平稳并且让大家都高兴,所以很快了学会讨好的方法。为了避免冲突他们就站在不断提要求的人那边。大家体会出这两个说法的不同了吗?two-faced一般指当面一套,背地又一套的伎俩,而runwiththehareandhuntwiththehounds则指人两面讨好,不得罪任何一方的做法。2.Inancienttimesifaman’seyewasputoutbyhisenemy,hemightgethisrevengebypayinghimbackinghisowncoin.古时候某人的眼睛若被敌人挖出,他一定要挖出敌人的眼睛作为报复。这就是以其人之道还治其人之身。paysbbackinhisowncoineyeforeyetoothfortooth3.Hewentonthrowingopendoors,andpeepingin.Everythingwasinapplepieorder,readyforimmediateoccupation.他继续将各扇门打开朝里窥视:一切井井有条,马上就可住进去。inapplepieorder有条不紊,井然有序这个习语的由来尚有争论。在美国,有人认为它产生在新大陆移民时期。那时,家庭主妇要烤苹果派时,需将苹果一片片切成同样的大小,这样烘烤出来的苹果派才会香酥可口。所以这个习语用来形容东西摆放得整整齐齐,井然有序。Herroomisalwaysinapplepieorder.他的房间总是整整齐齐的。appleoflove爱情的苹果 这个习语源于殖民时期的南美洲。当时在秘鲁的丛林中,生长着一种叫“狼桃”的水果。这种水果色泽光亮、鲜艳,形状和苹果十分相似。但人们认为这种水果是一种毒果,没人敢吃,只把它作为观赏植物加以栽培。后来有人冒着生命危险,勇敢地品尝并证实了它的美味。到了16世纪,英国有一位公爵游历到了秘鲁,非常喜欢这种水果,于是,他把它们带回英国皇宫,作为珍贵的礼品献给他心目中的爱人——当时的英国女王伊丽莎白。这种水果,实际上就是西红柿。从那以后,西红柿在异国他乡的土地上得到广泛种植,被人们称为“爱情的苹果”。如今,这一短语可喻指“爱情的信物”。例:Hey,don"ttouchthatbike.It"smyappleoflove.嗨,别动那辆自行车。它可是我的爱情信物asAmericanasapplepie典型的美国人的性格美国人向来喜欢吃苹果馅饼(applepie),也就是我们常说的“苹果派”。这是一种用烤箱制作的甜点,外面裹着一层面粉,里面包着苹果做的馅儿。美国人喜爱吃苹果派的嗜好始于他们刚从欧洲移居到美洲来的时候。那时每个家庭主妇都经常自己动手做苹果派。为了说明苹果派是美国生活方式的一个特点,人们常说:asAmericanasapplepie。这个习语的意思是:就像苹果派一样具有美国特色。例句:JapanesesushiandVietnamesespringrollshavebecomeasAmericanasapplepie.日本寿司和越南春卷都已经变成像苹果派一样的美国食品了1.“Whydidn"tthechapcome?…Can"tkickmyheelshereforever,"thoughtJohn.那家伙怎么没来?我可不能老在这儿等下去了。”约翰想kickyourheels:(British)tobeforcedtowaitforaperiodoftime(usuallyincontinuoustenses)Waitimpatientlytobesummoned.Origin:Thekickingofheelsalludestothetoeshufflingandfoottappingthatpeopleresorttowhentheyareimpatientathavingtowaitforsomething.Itisan18thcenturyphraseandisfirstcitedinaworkbytheappropriatelynamedSamuelFoot-TheMinor,1760:"Toletyourunclekickhisheelsinyourhall."人们大概都看到过一匹年轻的俊马在宽阔的草原上兴高彩烈地奔跑的情景吧!这是一幅很美丽的图象。马的前腿往前伸展,后腿很有节奏地往上踢。美国有一个俗语就是建筑在这一形像之上的。这个俗语就是:tokickupone"sheels。   Tokickupone"sheels,从字面上来解释就是:把后脚往上踢。但是,实际上tokickupone"sheels是用来形容人们到外面去寻欢作乐,就像马在草原上奔跑一样。比如说,有两个人在办公室里说话:   例句-1:HowaboutcomingoutwithusWednesdaynight?We"reallgoingtotakeBillGloverouttodinner.Thenlaterwe"lldropintoafewnightspots.It"sBill"slastchancetokickuphisheels,youknow--he"sgettingmarriedthenextmorning.   这人说:“星期三晚上跟我们一起出去玩,怎么样?我们大家一起请比尔格洛弗出去吃晚饭。然后,我们再到几个像夜总会那样的地方去玩。这是比尔到外面去寻欢作乐的最后一次机会了,你知道,他第二天上午就要结婚了。”   Tokickupone"sheels并不一定是年轻人的事,上了年纪的人有时也想到外面去轻松轻松。下面的例子就很能说明问题:   例句-2:Mymotheranddadareoversixty,buttheystillliketogooutonceinawhiletohavedinneranddoalittledancingandkickuptheirheels.Ofcourse,theygohomealotearlierthantheyusedto.   这个人说:“我的爸爸和妈妈已经六十多了,但是他们有时还是喜欢到外面去吃晚饭、跳跳舞,高兴高兴。当然罗,他们现在回家的时间要比以前早多了。”   下面我们还要给大家介绍一个和kick这个字有关的美国俗语。这个俗语是:tokickoff。   Tokickoff的意思是一项活动,或一个计划的开始。Tokickoff原来是用在足球比赛的。每次比赛开始都是由一个球队把球踢到对方球队去。可是现在这个俗语几乎可以用在任何方面,表示:开始。美国人经常用tokickoff来表示竞选活动的开始。有的时候,你可以从电台上听到这样的报道:   例句-3:LastnightMichaelSmithkickedoffhiscampaignfortheU.S.Senatewithaspeechherepromisinglowertaxesandabiggerbudgetforschoolsandmorehelptothefarmers.   这则消息说:“昨晚,迈克尔斯密斯在这儿发表讲话,作为他竞选美国参议员竞选活动的开始。他在讲话中向选民们保证降低税收,增加学校经费,并给予农民更多的帮助。”   下面这个例子是一个学生在准备他的暑期活动。他说:   例句-4:Nowthatmyexamsareallfinished,I"mgoingtokickoffthesummervacationbygoingdowntoOceanCityforaweektogetsomesun,somesurfandachancetolookatthegirls.   这个学生说:“现在考试已经全部结束,我要先到欧欣城去玩一个星期,去晒晒太阳,在海上玩冲浪,还可以看看那里的姑娘们。这就作为我暑假的开始。” 1.Jaws/Beards/China/TonguesarewaggingthatheknockedtheJesusoutofherandescapedbeingpunished.人们议论纷纷,说他把她打得半死,却逃脱了惩罚。chins(或beards,jaws,tongues)arewagging人们议论纷纷,有人在说闲话knocktheJesusoutof把某人打得昏头昏脑2.Samhadbeenquiteaplayboyanddidnothingatallinhissaladdays.山姆在年轻时代是个十足的花花公子"Saladdays"isanidiomaticexpression,referringtoayouthfultime,accompaniedbytheinexperience,enthusiasm,idealism,innocence,orindiscretionthatoneassociateswithayoungperson.Moremodernuse,especiallyintheUnitedStates,referstoaperson"sheydaywhensomebodywasatthepeakofhis/herabilities—notnecessarilyinthatperson"syouth.3.Itistoolatetohusbandwhenallisspent.(谚语)囊空而后节俭,为时已晚。Agoodhusbandmakesagoodwifehusband:节俭或节省地使用;保存: husband one"s energy. WIFE: The shoemaker"s wife often goes in ragged shoes. [谚]鞋匠的老婆没鞋穿。 There is one good wife in the country, and every man thinks he has her. [谚]老婆还是自己的好4.Iamnodoginthemanger-butIwillnotcarrycoalsneither.我根本就不是那种占着茅坑不拉屎的人,但我也不会干那种低三下四之活。Tocarrycoals,tobearindignitiestamely,aphraseusedbyearlydramatists,perhapsfromthemeannatureoftheoccupation.--Halliwell.5.Aftertryinginvaintocontroltheunrulyclass,theyoungmanandinexperiencedinstructorhadtoadmitthathewasattheendofhistether.试图控制这个难弄的班级而不奏效后,这个缺乏经验的年轻教师不得不承认他已无计可施。tether是“绳索”或“索链”,因此和rope基本上是同义的。attheendofone’stether/rope字面上表示“到了绳索的末端”,也就是说绳子已放尽,无法再放长,这个情景生动地比喻了“山穷水尽、智穷力竭”的困迫境地。可以表示“穷尽”所有力量、办法、耐心、财力、资源等等:Hetriedeveryrestaurantinthetown,butnoonewantedtohireahelpinghand.Whennightfell,hefelthewasattheendofhistether.镇上每一家饭店他都去试了,但没有人要雇帮工,夜色降临,他感到山穷水尽、走投无路。IfeelI’mattheendofmyropeandifIdonotstoptohaveaholiday,I’llreallybreakdown.我感到筋疲力尽,如果再不停下来去休假,我可真的要垮下来不可。6.IfIworkedlateeverynightoftheweekdayIwouldearnalotofmoney,butthehighertaxesthatIwouldhavetopaywouldrathertakethegiltoffthegingerbread如果我周日的每个晚上都工作到深夜,那么我就会赚很多的钱,但我就相应地会要缴纳更高的税金,这样就令人扫兴了。takethegiltoffthegingerbread:除去诱人的外表,使幻想落空,令人扫兴7.EnglishandAmericanhandswereasscarceashen"steethinthisunhealthyplace在这种有害健康的地方,英美籍的工人非常罕见。beasscarceashen"steeth (American&Australian):tobeverydifficultorimpossibletofind罕见8.Heisalwaysbuyingyouexpensivegifts,IamafraidtheyareGreekgiftsforyouandyou"dbettermindyourP’sandQ’s.他总是为您买贵重礼物,我担心这是黄鼠狼给鸡拜年不安好心。你最好小心行事。 由此,Greekgift成为一个成语,表示agiftwithsomesinisterpurposesoftheenemy;onegivenwithintenttoharm;agiftsentinordertomurdersb等意思,按其形象意义,这个成语相当与另一句谚语:Whenthefoxpreaches,takecareofyourgeese;也与汉语“黄鼠狼给鸡拜年——不安好心”十分类似。Heisalwaysbuyingyouexpensiveclothes,I"mafraidtheyareGreekgiftsforyou.他总给你买很贵的衣服,我怀疑他没安好心。BeonguardagainsttheGreekgifts!小心黄鼠狼给鸡拜年!1.ItoldTimwecouldn"tusehimontheproject,butifhe"swillingtoworkfornothing,thenthat’sahorseofacompletelydifferentcolor.我对蒂姆说,我们不能聘用他参加这项事业,但如果他自愿工作,那就完全是两码事啦。ahorseofadifferentcolor/horseofanothercolor:anothermatter另当别论It’struethatIlovevegetables.Butit’sahorseofacompletelydifferentcolorifIhavetoeatvegetableseverydaywithoutanythingelse.我是爱吃蔬菜。但如果每天都要吃青菜而没有别的东西就是另一回事了。2.Hecouldnotthinkthathehadplayedahandsomepart.Thosewhoknewthestorygavehimthecoldshoulder.他可不能认为自己扮演了漂亮的角色。凡是知其底细者,都跟他断绝了往来了Afterhedouble-crossedhisbestfriend,everyonegavehimthecoldshoulder.在他出卖了最好的朋友后,每个人待他十分冷淡。3.Thisfilmstarisaninedays’wonder;Idoubtwhetheranyonewillrememberherinayear"stime.这个电影明星只不过是昙花一现的人物而已,我怀疑一年后还有没有人记得她的名字(或芳名)。Aninedays"wondermeanspersonorthingthatattractsattentionforashorttimebutissoonforgotten,昙花一现的人或事物。  Wonder,onethatarousesawe,astonishment,surprise,oradmiration;amarvel,惊奇或诧异引起敬畏、惊异、惊奇或羡慕的原因;奇异之事。  这里的ninedays形容时间很短,并非表示“九天”这一具体的时间。4.“Well,doexactlywhatthedoctorsays.Acousinofmineendeduplosingthesightofaneyeoveraninfectionlikethat.”“Thanksverymuch!You"reaproperJob"scomforter,aren"tyou?“嗯,照医生嘱咐的办吧。我有个堂兄就是因为这种感染最后落得一只眼睛失明。”“真是感激不尽!你真是个在表而上安慰我实际上增加我的痛苦的人,对吗?Job"scomforter:要安慰人反而使人痛苦的人Origin:PoorJob.He"sthebiblicalcharacterwhoenduresextraordinaryafflictionsinatestofhispiety.Heloseshispossessions,hischildren,andhishealth.Andthen,tomakemattersworse,threefriendsshowupto"comfort"him.Thesefriendsturnouttobenocomfortatall.Instead,theysaythatthethingsthathavebeenhappeningtohimhappentoallsinners--andpointoutanumberofhisfaults.Inthemid-18thcentury,Englishspeakersbeganusingthephrase"Job"scomforter"foranyonewhoofferssimilarlyunhelpfulconsolation5.Youwillcertainlybepresentatthemeeting,butshe"llattenditwhentwo(或three)Sundayscometogether.你肯定会参加会议,但是要等她参加会议,除非太阳从西边升起。whentwo(或three)Sundayscometogether:永不会有那一天TrytranslatingthefollowingintoEnglish:1.他是个很缺德的人,总以揭别人的疮疤为乐。Heisawickedperson,alwaysenjoyingcuttingotherstothequick.Cuttothequick:触及痛处2.一旦踏入社会,你就会发现自己是初出茅庐,稚嫩得很,还有许多东西要学。Onceyoustepintosociety,youwillfindyouarestillwetbehindtheearsandtherearequitealotofthingsyouhavegottolearnyet. wetbehindtheears(asgreenasgrass;lackingexperienceoftheworldoflife;youngandinexperienced)Wetbehindtheears如果直译:耳朵背后是潮的。这个习惯用语流行至今差不多有一个世纪了。它可能来自这样的说法:小马、小牛刚生下来的时候全身湿漉漉的;别的地方很快会干,但是耳朵背后却还是湿的。所以说某人耳朵背后是潮的,是把这人比作刚生下不久的婴儿了。换句话说就是他简直像新生儿一般幼稚无知。我们来看个例子。这回是一位电脑软件专家在对上级说他不能使用他们专为一个重要项目雇佣的那名新员工,因为那人毫无工作经验。I"mtellingyou,Ed,thisguyisstillwetbehindtheears-hehasnoideaofhowtoevenstartthejob.Why,mynine-yearolddaughterknowsmoreaboutcomputersthanhedoes!他说:我跟你说,Ed,这个人简直乳臭未干,他甚至连这工作怎么着手干都不知道。嘿,我九岁女儿对电脑的了解都比他要多。这里的wetbehindtheears,相当于中文里的“乳臭未干的,”用来形容某人幼稚无知1.在那个国家,很多人感到60年代初的种族隔离是件棘手之事。Inthatcountry,manypeoplefoundracialsegregationahotpotatointheearly"60s.美国人很喜欢吃土豆,特别是刚从烤箱里拿出来的一个个热气腾腾的土豆。下面我们要介绍的一个俗语是hotpotato。大家都知道hot的意思是热或烫,potato就是土豆。热的土豆固然好吃,但是它会烫你的手,你会想法马上甩掉的。Hotpotato作为俗语,它的意思就是一个争论很激烈的问题,没有一个人愿意为它承担责任。例如:Thequestionofwhethertoraisetaxestocutthebudgetdeficitisarealhotpotatoforalotofpoliticians.是否用增加税收的方法来减少预算赤字的问题对于许多政客来说是一个棘手的问题。下面这个例子是一位律师在给另一位律师提供建议:IfIwereyou,I"ddropthatclientlikeahotpotato;he"salwayssuingsomebodyforsomething,butheusuallylosesandhedoesn"tpayhislawyer"sbills.要是我是你的话,我就把你那个顾客马上甩掉。他老是为了什么事去告别人,可是他总是输给别人,他还往往不付律师费。英语potato一词特别有意思。不仅因为sweetpotato(甜土豆)即是“白薯(山芋)”,这样的命名特别有趣,而且potato常可用以指人,例如smallpotatoes原意是“鸡毛蒜皮等微不足道的东西”,但更多用以指“小人物”“微不足道的人”(类似上海方言“萝卜头”)。“Heisasmallpotato.”也常被学生作为口头禅,拿来互相取笑。Hotpotato可指“麻烦的事”、“棘手的问题”或“难对付的人”,类似中文“烫手的山芋”,例如Thesubjectofpolicebrutalityisahotpotato.(警察暴行的话题是一个棘手的问题。)短语thecleanpotato指“最正确、最适当的事物”,也可以指“正派的人”、“规矩的好人”。而反过来,notthecleanpotato则意为“形迹可疑的人”。作为一种常见的食品,potato在美国俚语里也有很多体现。比如,potato常指“头”或“难看的脸”;potato-trap指“嘴”;potato-head则指“傻瓜”(土豆是没有脑子的);而potatodigger则指“古板守旧、不受欢迎的人”(大概是由在地里掘土豆的农民形象转化而来的)。上世纪90年代初出现了一个新的短语couchpotato,专指“吃饱饭后成天窝在沙发上看电视的人”,非常形象。(顺便提一下,英美人很少用sofa一词,长沙发叫couch,单人沙发则叫armchair。)随着电脑的普及,近来一个与potato有关的新短语流行开来,即mousepotato(这里的mouse不是“老鼠”,而是“鼠标”),专门指“整天坐在电脑前的电脑迷”。这一词条已被正式收录在2006年版的《韦氏大学词典》(WebsterCollegiateDictionary)的100个新词语中。笔者相信,今后还会有更多“新土豆”的出现。2.他同意独自完成这项工程,简直是蛇吞象。HebitoffmorethanhecouldchewwhenheagreedtofinishthisprojectaloneHebitoffmorethanhecouldchew. 他说得多,做得少。他承诺太多他办不到的事情。用意译:“思想的巨人,行动的矮子!”1.我只是告诉你,和他打交道的惟一方法就是与他面对面展开斗争。Isimplywantedtotellyouthattheonlywaytodobusinesswithhimwastobeardthelioninhisden.beardthelioninhisden:入虎穴取子(老虎头上捉虱, 太岁头上动土)2.对于诗我读得不多。要读的时候,我总是宁可选择过去的佳作,而不要当代的次品。.OfpoetryIdon"treadmuchandwhenIdoIchoosethedeadlioninpreferencetothelivingdog.Alivingdogisbetterthanadeadlion.(下贱而活着比高贵而死了的强。)将对应的两个成分拆开并在句中重作安排,分别喻指“过去的佳作”(死狮)和“当代的次品”(活狗),形成强烈对比,表现力强。3.现在最好不要向老板讲,因为你没有遵守限期,他正在气头上哪。Betternottrytotalktothebossnow,He"sasmadasawethenbecauseyoudidn"tmeetyourdeadline.asmadasawethen:非常生气4.有些人在上火车的时候,不等乘客下车就一拥而入,这种行为真叫我生气。ItgetsmegoatthewaysomepeoplepushontoatrainbeforethepassengersonboardcangetoffWhensomeonesaysthephrase“somethingorotherreallygetsmygoat,”theymeanthattheyareextremelyirritated.Awidevarietyofthingscouldcontributetoirritation,rangingfromsomeoneelse"sactionstoaseriesofevents,but,despitetheturnofphrase,goatsarenotusuallyinvolved.LikemanycolorfulidiomsintheEnglishlanguage,theoriginsof“getmygoat”aremurky,difficulttopindown,andactuallyratherfascinating,forpeoplewhoenjoyexploringlanguage.5.我们公司规定的试用阶段,目的在于区分能够胜任工作和不能胜任工作的人。Thepurposeofourcompany^trialemploymentperiodistoseparatethewheat(thesheep)fromthechaff(thegoats).separatethesheepfromthegoats (British,American&Australian)alsosort(out)thesheepfromthegoats(British&Australian)tochoosethepeopleorthingsofhighqualityfromagroupofmixedqualityI"lllookthroughtheapplicationformsandseparatethesheepfromthegoats.6.他是个胆小鬼,他不可能临危不惧于关键时刻。Heisachickenanditisimpossibleforhimtofacethemusicatthecriticalmoment.7.这不是任何人的错误,责任完全在我们自己身上。我们不自量力,结果把自己搞得完蛋了Itwasnobody"sfaultbutourown.Wecookedourowngoosebytryingtobiteoffmorethanwecouldchew.Cookone’sgoose:ruinyourchances;makeimpossibletosucceedExplanation:Usedwhenspeakingaboutapersonorthingthatmakessuccessimpossible.Examples:Well,Icookedmygoosebyaskingthewrongquestionsontheinterview.-You"dbetterbecarefulwhenspeakingtoher,youdon"twanttocookyourgoosebysayingsomethinginsensitive.8.她对家谱很感兴趣。所谓自己无学问,莫把祖宗夸;我认为对一个人的评价源于其本身所为,而非其祖先。She"sshowedgreatinterestingenealogy[,dʒi:ni"ælədʒi](familytree).Butmulesboastmuchthattheirancestorswerehorses;Ithinkaperson"svaluederivesfromwhathedoes,notfromwhatoneofhisancestorsmighthavebeen9.与过去相比,小康之家逐渐多了起来。Comparedwiththepast,thereisanincreasingnumberofwell-to-dofamilies. Saysomethingabouttheoriginsofthefollowing.Adam’sprofessionAdam"sprofession此语源自莎士比亚:《哈姆雷特》第五场,译为“园艺,农艺”。Shakespeare在第五场中写道:Thereisnoancientgentlemenbutgardeners,ditchers,andgravemakers;theyholdupAdam"sprofession.这里没有古代绅士,只有花匠、挖沟者和修墓人;他们干的是园艺。measureformeasuremeasureformeasure.此语可译为“一报还一报;冤报冤;仇报仇;以牙还牙”。源自《圣经■马太福音》。耶稣说:“你们不要评判人,免得你们被人评判。因为你们怎样评判人,也必然会被人怎样评判。你们用什么量器量别人,别人就必然会用什么量器来量你们。”enoughtomaketheanglesweepenoughtomaketheangelsweep.此语可译为“愚逸得使人丧失信心和希望"。源自莎士比亚剧本《一报还一报》(MeasureforMeasure)第2幕第2场onceinabluemoononceinabluemoon.此语的中译为“极为罕见,(机会)极少”。源于自然科学现象。即在一定的条件下,当大气中有大小合适的微尘时,就会出现太阳和月亮均呈深蓝色的自然奇观。据科学家们分析,此种罕见景观的微尘可能来自火山爆发,或沙漠扬尘,甚至森林大火。由于蓝色月亮和蓝色太阳出现的机会少,所以此语具有上述译文以小人之心,度君子之腹“以小人之心,度君子之腹,’可译为gaugetheheartofagentlemanwithone"sownmeanmeasuret或译为trytoestimatewhat"sintheheartofthegreatwiththeheartofthemean,语出《左传•昭公二十八年》“愿以小人之腹,为君子之心。”后经改造,用来指某些人以自己鄙陋或卑劣的心理,去推测品德髙尚者的胸襟。南朝宋刘义庆《世说新语•雅量》:“庚曰:‘可谓以小人之虑,度君子之心。此成语涉及这样一则故事:公元前514年,晋国的执政大臣韩宣子去世,一位名叫魏舒的人继位。他将两个旧责族的田地分为10个县,派贤能有功者去任县长。其中与他同宗的魏戊被派到梗阳县任该职。此时,有一桩官司使其深感棘手,他即报之魏舒,让其处理。对是,涉案一方暗中送魏舒一个女乐人,他欲将其收下。此事让魏戊知道了,他就对大臣阎没和女宽说:“魏舒以不受贿赂而扬名各国,若收下女乐人,就没有比这更大的贿赂了。您二位一定要劝谏他。”之后,阎没和女宽在庭院里等着魏舒的到来。吃饭的时候,魏舒就招呼他俩一起来用餐,可他俩盯着桌上的饭菜接连叹了三次气。饭毕,魏舒就问其究竟,并说伯父、叔父曾告诉他说,吃饭时要忘掉忧愁,刚才二位为何三次叹气呀?他们俩回答说“昨晚有人把酒赐给咱们两个小人,所以没吃晚饭,现在肚子饿得慌,惟恐刚上的饭菜不够吃而叹气。见菜上了一半时,咱们责备6己道:‘难道将军请咱们吃饭会不够吃?’因而再次叹气。等饭菜上完,咱们俩愿意把小人的肚子当做君子的心,刚刚满足就行了!”嫁祸于人“嫁祸于人”可译为:①shifttheblameonto②layone"sownfaultatsbelse’sdoor③putone"smisfortunesontootherpeople"sshoulder.语出《史记•赵世家》,对曰:“夫秦蚕食韩氏地,中绝不会相通,固自以为坐而受上党之地也。韩氏所以不人秦者,欲嫁其祸于赵也。”这则故事说的是:公元前262年,韩囯上党守将冯亭派使者到赵国,便对孝成王说:“咱韩国已无法守住上党了,它似就要并人秦国了。但上党的官吏与百姓均愿归属赵国,而不愿归属秦国。上党有城池17座,希望大王来管辖”。赵孝成王闻之喜形于色,即召见平阳君赵豹并询问其看法。赵豹答曰:“圣人视无缘无故而得到为大祸害。”孝成王反问道“天下人为我的恩德所感召,为何说此乃无缘无故而得利呢?”赵豹道:“秦国一直在蚕食韩国的土地,并早已认为轻易地得到上党这块地方。韩国之所以不想把上党交给秦国而交给赵国,是打箅把祸害转到我们赵国身上。秦国付出了辛苦,却未得到它,而咱赵国却白白得到了,这怎能说非无缘无故得了利呢?大干一定不要接受。”孝成王不悦地说:“如今派百万大军去进攻,一年半载也不一定能得到一座城池,现在人家送来17座城池之大礼于我,这可是大利呀!”后来孝成王因接受了这份礼物而引发了秦赵间的一场大战。