习语谚语俗语的翻译 15页

TranslationofIdioms,ProverbsandSlang TranslationofIdiomsIdiomswithliteralmeaningse.g.Knitone’sbrows皱眉头Lastbutnotleast最后但非最不重要的一点Laughinone’sface当面嘲笑Laysomethingtoheart把某事放在心上Havepityonsomebody同情某人 IdiomswithmetaphoricalmeaningsLiteraltranslatione.g.Trojanhorse特洛伊木马towerofivory象牙塔sourgrapes酸葡萄（心理）Sphinx’sriddle斯芬克司之谜AswiseasSolomon如所罗门般智慧Thefifthcolumn第五纵队AJudaskiss犹大之吻Crocodiletears鳄鱼的眼泪Washone’shandsof洗手不干Newwineinoldbottles旧瓶装新酒 Freetranslatione.g.inapig’swhisper低声地；顷刻间drawblood伤人感情；惹人生气hangonone’ssleeve依赖某人；任某人作主hangonone’slips对某人言听计从makeamonkeyof愚弄tobefullofbeans精神旺盛；精力充沛bendanearto聚精会神地听；倾听getcoldfeet开始感到怀疑、胆怯或害怕askeletonatthefeast扫兴的人或东西buryone’sheadinthesand采取鸵鸟政策 IdiomswithequivalentsinChineseEquivalentbothinformandmeaninge.g.burntheboat破釜沉舟castleintheair空中楼阁aboltfromtheblue晴天霹雳sixofoneandhalfadozenoftheother半斤八两afterone’sownheart正中下怀killtwobirdswithonestone一箭双雕，一石二鸟showtheclovenhoof露出马脚hangbyahair千钧一发killthegoosethatlaysthegoldeneggs杀鸡取卵 Differentform,equivalentmeaninge.g.haveanaxetogrind别有用心talkthroughone’shat胡言乱语aspoorasJob家徒四壁neitherfishnorfowl不伦不类，非驴非马leavenostoneunturned千方百计holeandcorner偷偷摸摸，鬼鬼祟祟aflyintheointment美中不足？bytheskinofone’steeth九死一生callaspadeaspade直言不讳，实话实说**SometimesanEnglishidiomhasdifferentChineseequivalentsinvariouscontexts.Forexample:Reapaswhatonehassown种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆；自作自受；自食其果；自掘坟墓；咎由自取；玩火自焚；若火烧身；作茧自缚Beontenterhooks提心吊胆；坐立不安；如坐针毡；局促不安；心乱如麻；心烦意乱；七上八下；六神无主；手足无措 Similarform,differentmeaninge.g.pullsomebody’sleg愚弄某人；开某人的玩笑（误译：拖后腿）moveheavenandearth想方设法；千方百计（误译：翻天覆地）child’splay简单的东西；容易的事情（误译：儿戏）eatone’swords（被迫）收回前言；承认说错（误译：食言）dogeatdog残酷争夺；人吃人的关系（误译：狗咬狗） Four-characterexpressionsinChinesetranslatione.g.ThemayorofToledosaidin1932:“Ihaveseenthousandsofthesedefeated,discouraged,hopelessmenandwomen,cringingandfawningastheycometoaskforpublicaid.Itisaspectacleofnationaldegradation.”译：1932年，托莱多市长曾这样说道：“我见过成千上万山穷水尽、灰心绝望的男男女女前来请求救济，为此还低声下气、摇尾乞怜。此情此景真是丢尽了美国的脸。”e.g.Thegirlswereallsmilesonhearingthegoodnews.误：姑娘们听到这个好消息都满脸堆笑。正：听到这个好消息，姑娘们个个笑逐颜开。e.g.Louisa(apeasantgirl):Asyouhavecometomyhome,Ifeelgreatlyhonored.误：路易莎（一位农家姑娘）：大驾光临，不胜荣幸！正：路易莎（一位农家姑娘）：您到俺家来，真是贵客临门。 TranslationofProverbsProverbswithliteralmeaningse.g.Outofsight,outofmind.眼不见，心不念。Nomill,nomeal.不磨面，没面包（不劳动者不得食）。Easycome,easygo.来得容易去得快。Likefather,likeson.有其父必有其子。 ProverbswithmetaphoricalmeaningsLiteraltranslatione.g.Forbiddenfruitissweet.禁果分外甜。Inthecountryoftheblindtheone-eyedmanisking.盲人国里，独眼称王（山中无老虎，猴子称大王）。Halfaloafisbetterthannobread.有半块面包总比没有强。 Freetranslatione.g.Everymanhasafoolinhissleeve.人人都有糊涂的时候。WhenGreekmeetsGreek,thencomesthe？tugofwar.两雄相遇，其斗必烈。 Paraphrasee.g.Hethatsowsthewindwillreapthewhirlwind.玩火者必自焚。Likebegetslike.龙生龙，凤生凤（有其父必有其子）。Manystrawsmaybindanelephant.烂麻搓成绳，也能拉千斤（蚁多咬死象；人多力量大Whenshepherdsquarrel,thewolfhasawinninggame.鹬蚌相争，渔翁得利。 TranslationofSlangEuphemisme.g.MayIpleasebeexcused?MayIgotothebathroomplease?MayIpleaseleavetheroom?MayIusethefacilities?Whatisthegeographyofthehouse?I’mgoingtodomybusiness.I’mgoingtodomyprivateoffice.e.g.Sheisfivemonthsgone.她已经有五个月的喜了。（误：她已经走了五个月了。）toweartheapronhightobeinadelicateconditionalady-in-waiting Sweardamn,hell,bloody,devil,confounde.g.I’llbedamnedifIdo.我要干这事，就不是人！Getthehelloutofhere!滚出去！Tohellwithyou!见鬼去吧！Thedeviltakeit!糟了；该死；见鬼Whereisthatconfoundedman?那个该死的家伙在哪儿？Heisabloodycharacter.他是个讨厌的家伙。 Vulgarityfuck,screw,bugger,sod,balls,shit,crap,bastard