备战2008年高考 英语谚语在高考中的运用 4页

备战2008年高考英语谚语在高考中的运用　　谚语是洋溢着文化气息的哲理性语言，是智慧的结晶。历年的高考英语试题中的谚语的出现频率越来越高，它通常与情景对话题、交际用语题、完形填空题、阅读理解等题型结合，用来提供情景或点明观点主旨。在写作中，如果考生能够运用几句谚语表达，会更提升作文层次，使自己的作文在众多高考作文中让阅卷老师眼前一亮。　　一、情景交际中的谚语知识　　英语谚语文字精练、表达生动、情景性强，因此常用在情景交际题中作为试题背景。如2007年高考英语再次出现了考查谚语知识的试题：　　（2007年江苏卷26）Youmaynothaveplayedverywelltoday,butatleastyou’vegotthroughtothenextroundand___.　　A.tomorrownevercomesB.tomorrowisanotherday　　C.neverputofftilltomorrowD.thereisnotomorrow　　正确答案为B。　　A.明日复明日，明日何其多；我生待明日，万事成蹉跎。（因为永远有明天，也就永远会宕延）　　B.明天又是新的一天。（有明天就有希望）　　C.今日事，今日做。（今日事，今日毕）　　D.切莫依赖明天。　　全句意思是：　　你今天或许表现欠佳，但至少可以参加下一轮的比赛，有明天就有希望。　　将谚语溶入考题中是开放探究和激发创新新思维类试题的一个亮点，反映了英语试题鲜活、开放、新颖的特点，也为2008年的高考备考提供了依据和方向。　　二、阅读理解中的谚语知识　　谚语包含了朴素的哲理和深刻的寓意，用在阅读理解题中常用来推断、总结、做结论。考试需要透过文字的表层信息进行推理、分析、理解文章的真正内涵，找准文章意义与谚语寓意的切入点。请看下面两篇阅读理解：　　A　　Youhearthesamecomplaintallthetime:“Mymemoryisterrible.”Isitallinthemind,ordorealchangestakeplaceinthebrainwiththepassingoftime?Theansweristhatthebrain’scellsdeclineanddiewithage.However,accordingtoProfessorArthurShimamuraoftheUniversityofCalifornia,peoplevarygreatlyinhowtheychangementallywithage,aswellashowmuchtheirmentalabilitydeclines. 　　Therearethreemainwaysinwhichmentalfunctionchanges.Thefirstconcernsspeed,suchashowquicklyyoucanreacttofast-movingincidentsontheroad.Driversintheirlateteensreactquicklybutoftendrivetoofast,whiletheover-60’saremorecarefulbutreactmoreslowly.Thistypeofmentalslowingresultsfromareductionintheefficiencywithwhichthebrains’sneurons(神经细胞)work.　　Thefactthatadultsfindithardertolearnmusicalinstrumentthanchildrenpointstoasecondtypeofmentaldecline,thelossoflearningabilitywithage.Thepartofthebrainwhichisknowntocontrolnewlearningisparticularlysensitivetotheeffectsofageing.Thismeanswehavetodependmoreondiariesandothermentalaidsaswegetolder,takelongertolearnanewlanguageandareslowertomasternewthingsatwork.　　“Workingmemory”isthethirdbrainfunctionthatissensitivetotheeffectsofageing.Absentmindednessoccursatallagesbecauseofimperfectionsintheworkingmemorysystem.Forexample,youmaycontinuallyloseyourglasses,orfindyourselfwalkingintoaroomofyourhouseonlytofindthatyoucannotrememberwhatyoucamefor.Suchabsent-mindednessalsooccursmoreoftenaswegetolder.　　However,evidencealsoshowsthattheprinciple“useitorloseit”appliestotheageingbrain.ProfessorShimamurastudiedagroupofuniversityprofessorswhowerestillmentallyactive,andcomparedtheirperformanceonneuro–psychologicaltestswiththatofothersoftheiragegroup,aswellaswithyoungerpeople.Hefoundthatonseveraltestsofmemory,thementallyactiveprofessorsintheir60’sandearly70’sperformedbetterthanthoseofthesameage,andaswellastheyoungergroup.　　1.Memorygetsworseaspeoplegrowolderbecause____.　　A.thebrainstartstoproducetoomanyneurons　　B.cellsinthebrainstoptheneuronsfromworking　　C.thebrain’sneuronsdon’tworkaswellasbefore　　D.whenpeoplegetold,theycomplaintoomuch　　2.Whichofthefollowingwell-knownsayingsbestexpressestheideaofthethirdparagraph?　　A.Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush.　　B.Youcan’tteachanolddognewtricks.　　C.Wherethere’sawill,there’saway.　　D.It’snevertoooldtolearn.　　3.WecanconcludefromShimamura’stestontheprofessorsthat____.　　A.activemindsmightkeeptheirmemorybetter　　B.memorycanimprovewiththetimepassingon 　　C.alloftheoldpeoplewillsuffermemoryloss　　D.theprinciple“useitorloseit”isobviouslywrong　　4.Thispassageismainlyabout____.　　A.youthandageingB.problemsofgettingold　　C.secretsofagoodmemoryD.ageingandmentalability　　答案：1.C2.B3.A4.D　　第2题解析：　　A.双鸟在林不如一鸟在手。　　B.老狗学不到新把戏。（朽木不可雕。）　　C.有志者事竟成。　　D.活到老，学到老。　　B　　Lifeisrawmaterial.Weareartisans(n.工匠).Wecansculptourexistenceintobeautifulordebase(vt.降低，贬低)itintougliness.It’sinourhands.----CathyBetter.　　It’sinOurHands　　Isn’titamazinghowfewofusaskourselvestheimportantquestion?　　Severalyearsago,IwasinvitedtohearanimportantspeakeraddressthestudentsbodyofasmallcollegeinSouthCarolina.Theauditoriumwasfilledwithstudentsexcitedabouttheopportunitytohearaspeakerofherstatus(n.地位，身份)speak.Afterthegovernorgavetheintroduction,thespeakermovedtothemicrophone,lookedattheaudiencefromlefttoright,andbegan:　　“Iwasborntoamotherwhowasdeafandcouldn’tspeak.Idon’tknowwhomyfatherisorwas.ThefirstjobIeverhadwasinacottonfield.”　　Theaudiencewasspellbound.“Nothinghastoremainthewayitisifthat’snotthewayapersonwantittobe.Shecontinued“itisn’tluck,anditisn’tcircumstances,anditisn’tbeingbornacertainwaythatcausesaperson’sfailuretobecomewhatitbecomes.”Andshesoftlyreported,“Nothinghastoremainthewayitisifthat’snotthewayapersonwantsittobe.”　　“Allapersonhastodo,”sheaddedinafirmvoice,“tochangeasituationthatbringsunhappinessordissatisfactionanswersthequestion:‘HowdoIwantthissituationtobecome?’thenthepersonmustcommittotallytopersonalactionsthatcarrythemthere.” 　　Thenabeautifulsmileshoneforthasshesaid,,“MynameisAzieTaylorMorton.Istandbeforeyoutodayastreasurer(n.财务主管)oftheUnitedStatesofAmerica.”　　5.Theunderlinedpart“theimportantquestion”mostprobablyrefersto“____”.　　A.WhetherlifeisrawmaterialB.whetherwearemastersofourlife　　C.whetherweoftenattendagoodlectureD.whetherweareartisans　　6.Thestudentswerefilledwithexcitementbecause____.　　A.theywerecertainitwouldbeagoodspeech　　B.thegovernorwaspresent　　C.Theydidn’thavemuchchancetohearanimportantpersonspeak　　D.theywouldbefreetoaskquestions　　7.Thespeakerdescribedherownexperienceinherspeechto____.　　A.gainsympathyfromtheaudience　　B.telltheaudiencewhatagreatpersonshewas　　C.teachtheaudiencesomethingvaluable　　D.maketheaudienceknowmoreabouther　　8.Whichofthefollowingcanbesttellthemainideaofthepassage?　　A.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.　　B.Experienceisthebestteacher.　　C.Afallintothepit,againinyourwit.　　D.Stillwatersrundeep.　　答案：5.B6.C7.C8.A