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- 2022-06-17 14:36:11 发布
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音标入门讲解一、元音(一)单元音(1)前元音:[i:][i][e][æ][i]发音组合:i代表单词:sitbitkickpickwish[i:]发音组合:eeeeaieei代表单词:meheweevenbeefeelbreezedeepfreeseatbeatleadteaeatreasongriefbelieveachievereceiveconceive音标对比:[i:][i]seatsitbeatbitsheepship[æ]发音组合:a代表单词:capmapbadmadbankthanklamp音标对比:[e][æ]begbagmetmatbedbad[e]发音组合:eeaa代表单词:pentenbestbegeggnetbreadheavenmarryanymany音标对比:[i][e]sitsetliftleftdiddead[ə]发音组合:aeror代表单词:appearariseagainalikeamanapenteachermotherbrotherdriverangerdoctoractortutorfamousjealous(2)中元音:[ə:][ə][ə:]发音组合:orirerurear代表单词:workworkerwormbirddirtaffirmtermburnsurfpearllearn
(3)后元音:[a:][ʌ][u:][u][ɔ:][ɔ][ʌ]发音组合:uo代表单词:upcutbutbusluckbuttermonkonion[a:]发音组合:arearal代表单词:fardarkhartfarmgardenbarhearthalf音标对比:[a:][ʌ]fastfunhartbutcardcut[u]发音组合:oouou代表单词:footgoodcooktookpullfullbullshould[u:]发音组合:oooouu代表单词:foodfoolboomcoolpoolshoottombgroupblueclueruletruthconclude音标对比:[u:][u]footfoodbootbookcoolcould[ɔ]发音组合:o代表单词:oxonnotcoprothotlot音标对比:[ɔ:][ɔ]sortdogtortnodshortshop[ɔ:]发音组合:aooawouoreauorar代表单词:talkballhallcalldoorfloorlawsawboughtfoughtthoughttoughtbeforeignorecaughtnaughtynauticalforcebornsortwarn
(二)双元音(1)合口双元音为:[ei][ai][ɔɪ][au][əu]音标对比:[æ][ei][e]ateightbedbatbadesetlablatepensandsamehen[ei]发音组合:eiaaiay代表单词:eightcakefatesnakelakemakenamepaidmaindaymay音标对比:[æ][ai]batbitebackbikelamplinesacksign[ai]发音组合:yiuy代表单词:crydrymykitehighbiketightfinetimebuyguy[ɔɪ]音标对比:[ɔɪ][ɔ]boybosstoytopspoilstop发音组合:oyoi代表单词:toyboyloyalnoisevoicepointsoilcoin音标对比:[au][ai]nownightcowkitesoundside[au]发音组合:ouow代表单词:housesoundoutnounbowtownnowtower音标对比:[au][əu]howholeloudload[əu]发音组合:oowoa代表单词:hostnosetoneholenotebowlknowlowownboatcoat
(2)集中双元音为:[iə][ɛə][uə]音标对比:[iə][il]herehillfearfeeldeardeal[iə]发音组合:eerearere代表单词:beerdeerhearnearfearhere[ɛə]音标对比:[ɛə][aiə]hairhirefarefiresparespire发音组合:airearareere代表单词:hairfairairchairbearsweardareharethere音标对比:[uə][əu]poorpostsuresoldlureload[uə]发音组合:oorureour代表单词:poorluresuretour二、辅音(一)爆破音:[p][b][t][d][k][g][b]发音组合:b代表单词:birdbedbagbigbuybakebillbearbook[p]发音组合:p代表单词:paypipeputpiepeachsportspeedspend[d]发音组合:d代表单词:dodiddoesdeerdatedigdoomneedbedclimbed[t]发音组合:t代表单词:teateacherteamtaretanktipitmeetcatfatetentboatstudentstandstick
[g]发音组合:g代表单词:geesegogapgetbigbagbeg[k]发音组合:ckck代表单词:cakecarcancatcomekiteskykeeppickback(二)摩擦音:[f][v][θ][ð][ʃ][ʒ][s][z][h][r][v]发音组合:v代表单词:votevinevatvailveryvaseleavefive[f]发音组合:fph代表单词:fivefirstlifefinefatfailfairfalltelephonephoneticsphoto[ð]发音组合:th代表单词:thisthatthesethosethenthanthough[θ]发音组合:th代表单词:thinkteeththickthemethankbothtoothtruthfifthmouthfaith音标对比:[θ][ð]thickthisthemethanteeththeydeaththese[ʒ]发音组合:s代表单词:pleasureusualleisuremeasure[ʃ]发音组合:shsssch代表单词:shipfishsheetsheepdishsureensureassuremachine
[z]发音组合:zs代表单词:zooprizezealraisekneeseyes[s]发音组合:sc代表单词:seemsetseeksayseebooksdensemousecupsfaceiceraceprice[r]发音组合:rwr代表单词:raceredricerainrightfreefrypraywrongwrite[h]发音组合:hwh(wh在元音字母o前才发此音)代表单词:hothomehousehorsehatehighwholewhowhosewhom(三)破擦音:[tʃ][dʒ][tr][dr][ts][dz][dʒ]发音组合:jgdg代表单词:jeepjokejewjuiceginchangejodgejudge音标对比:[tʃ][dʒ]chargejudgechoicejoinmatchpage[tʃ]发音组合:ch代表单词:cheapchildchestchokecheckcatchwatch音标对比:[t][ʃ]cheapshipchoseshoescatchcash[dr]发音组合:dr代表单词:dreamdragdrawdrinkchildren[tr]发音组合:tr代表单词:treetreattriptraintram音标对比:[tr][dr]treedreamtrydrytreatdream
[dz]发音组合:ds代表单词:needsseedsspends[ts]发音组合:ts代表单词:sitsseatsmatespeasantsparents音标对比:[ts][dz][z][dz]betsbedsboysboardsseatsseedsglovesgroundsnetsneedsstaresstands[ŋ]发音组合:ngn代表单词:singsongsingerkingthinginksinkthanktank音标对比:[m][n]homestonethemethinmentnet(四)鼻辅音:[m][n][ŋ][m]发音组合:m代表单词:somecomedimemothermapmoon[n]发音组合:n代表单词:noonnosenotenotnonothingmoonsoonsongunthinrundinegain(五)舌边音:[l]发音组合:l代表单词:清晰音[l]letladlatelaidleaplap代表单词:含糊音[l]dealtellbeltsaletable(六)半元音:[w][j][j]发音组合:y代表单词:yearyesyetyardyoungyou音标对比:[i:][j]eatyeteastyeseageryard[w]发音组合:wwh代表单词:waitwestwaywetwillwidewheelwhatwhywhenwherewhile音标对比:[w][v]wetvetwinterinventureworldvoicewomenvisit
补充:元音字母a,e,i,o,u在重读音节中的一般读音规则: a e i o u重读开音节:[ei] [i:] [ai] [əu] [ju:][u:]重读闭音节:[æ] [e] [i] [ɔ] [ʌ][u]注意:除了符合读音规则的词以外,还有一些词是例外的,需要逐个记忆。重读开音节:一个辅音加e结尾的单词,元音字母a,e,i,o,u经常发长音如:cakethemebikecloseconsume重读闭音节:元音字母a,e,i,o,u经常发短音如:havebedsitlovebus 一,单元音:[i:]、[i]、[ɔ:]、[ɔ]、[u:]、[u]、[ə:]、[ə]、[ɑ:]、[ʌ]、[e]、[æ] [i:]——谐音为:易(yi);像数字1,记忆真容易. [ɔ:]——谐音为:噢(0);噢,这个音标就像个o. [u:]——谐音为:雾(wu);杯子上有很多雾. [ə:]——谐音为:饿(e);一只鹅饿得晕倒了. [ɑ:]——谐音为:啊(a);音标的读音跟拼音一样. [e]——谐音为:夜(ye);这只鹅喜欢走夜路. 二,双元音:[ei]、[ai]、[ɔi]、[iə]、[ɛə]、[uə]、[au]、[əu] [ei]——谐音为:妹(mei);鹅有一个妹妹. [ai]——谐音为:爱(ai);音标的读音跟拼音一样. [ɔi]——这个音标找不到拼音的谐音,可以按照字母o、i的发音连读来进行谐音记忆. [iə]——谐音和外形都像:12 [ɛə]——谐音为:挨饿;外形像3只鹅;三只鹅都在挨饿. [uə]——谐音为:屋鹅;一屋子的鹅都装在杯子里. [au]——谐音为:傲(ao);一个杯子很骄傲,不让人拿它喝水. [əu]——谐音为:鸥(ou);一只鹅在杯子里找海鸥. 三,辅音:[θ]、[ð]、[ʃ]、[ʒ] 注:多数辅音的读音与拼音差别不大,可以通过拼音来进行谐音;还有一部分辅音没有对应的拼音字体,我们的记忆方法主要是针对这四个辅音. 其中,[θ]和[ð]这两个音标,它们没有近似的拼音来对应,主要靠嘴形来记忆. [θ]——外形像上下牙齿咬着舌头;[ð]——外形则像舌头顶在上下牙齿之间. 而[ʃ]和[ʒ]这两个音标,则可以找到近似的拼音来作为谐音. [ʃ]——谐音为:嘘(xu);嘘,这里有条很长的蛇,赶快保持安静! [ʒ]——谐音为:雨(yu);外形像3.今天下了3场大雨.