英语音标学习入门 8页

音标入门讲解一、元音（一）单元音（1）前元音：[i:][i][e][æ][i]发音组合:i代表单词:sitbitkickpickwish[i:]发音组合:eeeeaieei代表单词:meheweevenbeefeelbreezedeepfreeseatbeatleadteaeatreasongriefbelieveachievereceiveconceive音标对比:[i:][i]seatsitbeatbitsheepship[æ]发音组合:a代表单词:capmapbadmadbankthanklamp音标对比:[e][æ]begbagmetmatbedbad[e]发音组合:eeaa代表单词：pentenbestbegeggnetbreadheavenmarryanymany音标对比：[i][e]sitsetliftleftdiddead[ə]发音组合：aeror代表单词：appearariseagainalikeamanapenteachermotherbrotherdriverangerdoctoractortutorfamousjealous（2）中元音：[ə:][ə][ə:]发音组合：orirerurear代表单词：workworkerwormbirddirtaffirmtermburnsurfpearllearn （3）后元音:[a:][ʌ][u:][u][ɔ:][ɔ][ʌ]发音组合：uo代表单词：upcutbutbusluckbuttermonkonion[a:]发音组合：arearal代表单词：fardarkhartfarmgardenbarhearthalf音标对比：[a:][ʌ]fastfunhartbutcardcut[u]发音组合：oouou代表单词：footgoodcooktookpullfullbullshould[u:]发音组合：oooouu代表单词：foodfoolboomcoolpoolshoottombgroupblueclueruletruthconclude音标对比:[u:][u]footfoodbootbookcoolcould[ɔ]发音组合：o代表单词：oxonnotcoprothotlot音标对比：[ɔ:][ɔ]sortdogtortnodshortshop[ɔ:]发音组合：aooawouoreauorar代表单词：talkballhallcalldoorfloorlawsawboughtfoughtthoughttoughtbeforeignorecaughtnaughtynauticalforcebornsortwarn （二）双元音（1）合口双元音为:[ei][ai][ɔɪ][au][əu]音标对比：[æ][ei][e]ateightbedbatbadesetlablatepensandsamehen[ei]发音组合：eiaaiay代表单词：eightcakefatesnakelakemakenamepaidmaindaymay音标对比：[æ][ai]batbitebackbikelamplinesacksign[ai]发音组合：yiuy代表单词：crydrymykitehighbiketightfinetimebuyguy[ɔɪ]音标对比：[ɔɪ][ɔ]boybosstoytopspoilstop发音组合：oyoi代表单词：toyboyloyalnoisevoicepointsoilcoin音标对比：[au][ai]nownightcowkitesoundside[au]发音组合：ouow代表单词：housesoundoutnounbowtownnowtower音标对比：[au][əu]howholeloudload[əu]发音组合：oowoa代表单词：hostnosetoneholenotebowlknowlowownboatcoat （2）集中双元音为：[iə][ɛə][uə]音标对比：[iə][il]herehillfearfeeldeardeal[iə]发音组合：eerearere代表单词：beerdeerhearnearfearhere[ɛə]音标对比：[ɛə][aiə]hairhirefarefiresparespire发音组合：airearareere代表单词：hairfairairchairbearsweardareharethere音标对比：[uə][əu]poorpostsuresoldlureload[uə]发音组合：oorureour代表单词：poorluresuretour二、辅音（一）爆破音:[p][b][t][d][k][g][b]发音组合：b代表单词：birdbedbagbigbuybakebillbearbook[p]发音组合：p代表单词：paypipeputpiepeachsportspeedspend[d]发音组合：d代表单词：dodiddoesdeerdatedigdoomneedbedclimbed[t]发音组合：t代表单词：teateacherteamtaretanktipitmeetcatfatetentboatstudentstandstick [g]发音组合：g代表单词：geesegogapgetbigbagbeg[k]发音组合：ckck代表单词：cakecarcancatcomekiteskykeeppickback（二）摩擦音:[f][v][θ][ð][ʃ][ʒ][s][z][h][r][v]发音组合：v代表单词：votevinevatvailveryvaseleavefive[f]发音组合：fph代表单词：fivefirstlifefinefatfailfairfalltelephonephoneticsphoto[ð]发音组合：th代表单词：thisthatthesethosethenthanthough[θ]发音组合：th代表单词：thinkteeththickthemethankbothtoothtruthfifthmouthfaith音标对比：[θ][ð]thickthisthemethanteeththeydeaththese[ʒ]发音组合：s代表单词：pleasureusualleisuremeasure[ʃ]发音组合：shsssch代表单词：shipfishsheetsheepdishsureensureassuremachine [z]发音组合：zs代表单词：zooprizezealraisekneeseyes[s]发音组合：sc代表单词：seemsetseeksayseebooksdensemousecupsfaceiceraceprice[r]发音组合：rwr代表单词：raceredricerainrightfreefrypraywrongwrite[h]发音组合：hwh(wh在元音字母o前才发此音)代表单词：hothomehousehorsehatehighwholewhowhosewhom（三）破擦音:[tʃ][dʒ][tr][dr][ts][dz][dʒ]发音组合：jgdg代表单词：jeepjokejewjuiceginchangejodgejudge音标对比：[tʃ][dʒ]chargejudgechoicejoinmatchpage[tʃ]发音组合：ch代表单词：cheapchildchestchokecheckcatchwatch音标对比：[t][ʃ]cheapshipchoseshoescatchcash[dr]发音组合:dr代表单词:dreamdragdrawdrinkchildren[tr]发音组合：tr代表单词：treetreattriptraintram音标对比:[tr][dr]treedreamtrydrytreatdream [dz]发音组合：ds代表单词：needsseedsspends[ts]发音组合：ts代表单词：sitsseatsmatespeasantsparents音标对比：[ts][dz][z][dz]betsbedsboysboardsseatsseedsglovesgroundsnetsneedsstaresstands[ŋ]发音组合：ngn代表单词：singsongsingerkingthinginksinkthanktank音标对比：[m][n]homestonethemethinmentnet（四）鼻辅音:[m][n][ŋ][m]发音组合：m代表单词：somecomedimemothermapmoon[n]发音组合：n代表单词：noonnosenotenotnonothingmoonsoonsongunthinrundinegain（五）舌边音:[l]发音组合:l代表单词：清晰音[l]letladlatelaidleaplap代表单词：含糊音[l]dealtellbeltsaletable（六）半元音:[w][j][j]发音组合：y代表单词：yearyesyetyardyoungyou音标对比：[i:][j]eatyeteastyeseageryard[w]发音组合：wwh代表单词：waitwestwaywetwillwidewheelwhatwhywhenwherewhile音标对比：[w][v]wetvetwinterinventureworldvoicewomenvisit 补充：元音字母a,e,i,o,u在重读音节中的一般读音规则：       a  e   i     o     u重读开音节：[ei] [i:]   [ai]  [əu]   [ju:][u:]重读闭音节：[æ]   [e]    [i]  [ɔ]  [ʌ][u]注意：除了符合读音规则的词以外，还有一些词是例外的，需要逐个记忆。重读开音节：一个辅音加e结尾的单词,元音字母a,e,i,o,u经常发长音如:cakethemebikecloseconsume重读闭音节：元音字母a,e,i,o,u经常发短音如:havebedsitlovebus　一,单元音：[i:]、[i]、[ɔ:]、[ɔ]、[u:]、[u]、[ə:]、[ə]、[ɑ:]、[ʌ]、[e]、[æ]　　[i:]——谐音为：易(yi);像数字1,记忆真容易.　　[ɔ:]——谐音为：噢(0);噢,这个音标就像个o.　　[u:]——谐音为：雾(wu);杯子上有很多雾.　　[ə:]——谐音为：饿(e);一只鹅饿得晕倒了.　　[ɑ:]——谐音为：啊(a);音标的读音跟拼音一样.　　[e]——谐音为：夜(ye);这只鹅喜欢走夜路.　　二,双元音：[ei]、[ai]、[ɔi]、[iə]、[ɛə]、[uə]、[au]、[əu]　　[ei]——谐音为：妹(mei);鹅有一个妹妹.　　[ai]——谐音为：爱(ai);音标的读音跟拼音一样.　　[ɔi]——这个音标找不到拼音的谐音,可以按照字母o、i的发音连读来进行谐音记忆.　　[iə]——谐音和外形都像：12　　[ɛə]——谐音为：挨饿;外形像3只鹅;三只鹅都在挨饿.　　[uə]——谐音为：屋鹅;一屋子的鹅都装在杯子里.　　[au]——谐音为：傲(ao);一个杯子很骄傲,不让人拿它喝水.　　[əu]——谐音为：鸥(ou);一只鹅在杯子里找海鸥.　　三,辅音：[θ]、[ð]、[ʃ]、[ʒ]　　注：多数辅音的读音与拼音差别不大,可以通过拼音来进行谐音;还有一部分辅音没有对应的拼音字体,我们的记忆方法主要是针对这四个辅音.　　其中,[θ]和[ð]这两个音标,它们没有近似的拼音来对应,主要靠嘴形来记忆.　　[θ]——外形像上下牙齿咬着舌头;[ð]——外形则像舌头顶在上下牙齿之间.　　而[ʃ]和[ʒ]这两个音标,则可以找到近似的拼音来作为谐音.　　[ʃ]——谐音为：嘘(xu);嘘,这里有条很长的蛇,赶快保持安静!　　[ʒ]——谐音为：雨(yu);外形像3.今天下了3场大雨.