英语音标使用规则 7页

1元音字母开音节和闭音节中的读音编辑①在开音节中[ei]name,plane,Jane,baby,cake②在闭音节中[se]bag,dad,hat,map,black,back①在开咅节中[i:]he,these,me,Chinese②在闭音节中[e]bed,let,pen,desk,yes,egg①在开音节中[ai]bike,drive,time,nice,kite②在闭咅节中[i]fish,big,drink,sit,milk,swim①在开音节屮[sujthose,close,go,hoe,home,no②在闭音节中[o]clock,not,box,shop,sock①在开音节中i.[ju:]student,excuse,duty,Tuesdayii.元音字母u在辅音字母j,1,r,s后面时读[u:]音，例如：June,blue,ruler,super0②在闭音节中[A]bus,cup,jump,much,lunch2元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音编辑①在[w]音后面[o]want,what,watch,wash，quality②在f,n,sk,ph,sp,ss,st,thmT[a:]after5plant,graph,ask,grasp,glass,fast,father在・nd,・ld和gh前[aijfind,child,light,high①在・st，-IdHU[ou]most,postcard,old,cold②在m,mv,th[A]come,monkeyjove,mother3元音字母在非重读音节中的读音编辑a[s]China,another,woman,breakfast5orange,comrade?village,cabbage动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operate,a处在开音节位置C[o]hundred,student?open,weekend,chicken,pocket,begin,children■1®[i]holiday,beautiful,family,animal(2)[ai]exercise,satelliteo ©[o]second,tonight,somebody,welcome@[ou]also,zero,photo©[gjautumn,difficult@[ju:]popular,congratulation,January①在辅音字母j,l,r,s后面时,读[u]或[u:]音，例如：July,influence,February,issue□在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a,e,i既可以读⑸的音，也可以读[i]的立SO4-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音编辑ar@[a:]car,farm,dark,sharpener②在[w]音后血[o:]warm,quarter,towardsor©[o:]fortymorningshort@[o:]wordworkerworseer,ir,ur[o:]certainlybirdThursday注：①辅音字母r双写时，前面的元咅字母不能与r构成音节，而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如：carry,sorry,hurryo②・i•音节在非重读音节中通常读⑸音，例女H：dollar,teacher,martyr,forget,Saturdayo5-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音编辑are[eojcare,dare,hareere[ia]here,mere,ereire[aiojfire,hire,wireore[o:]more,score,beforeure[juojpure.cure■re[o]centre,fibre,titre,saltpetre注®are,ere,ire,ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[。]音，例如：picture,pleasure«②重读元音字母加r,再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按音节拼读规则拼读,字母r读[r]音。例如：parent,zero,story,during,inspiringo③另外，某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现彖。例如：onmge,very,American,paragraph。6元音字组在重读音节中的读音编辑airay[ei]afraid,rain,wait,day5playair [£o]air,hair,chair?pair,repairal①在l,k前[o:]small,ball,talk,wall,all,talk,(2)[o:t]always,also,salt,almost①在f,m前[a:]half,calmau,aw[o:]autumn,daughter,drawea®[i:]teach,easy,cheap,please②[e]heavy,bread,sweater;weather©[eijbreak,greatear®[io]hear,dear,near,clear,year②丄ojbear,pear,wear,swear(3)[0：]earthjeam5earlyee[i:]jeep,week,green,threeeer[io]pioneer,deer,beerci,cy①[ei]eight,neighbour,they®[i:]seize,keyeu,ew①在jJo[ju:]new,few,newspaper②[u:]flcw.brcwjcwclryie,ei[s]音ZJT?[i:]piece,fieldjeceiveoa[ou]coatJoan,boat,goaloar,oor[o:]roar,board,door,flooroi,oy[oi]noise5point,boy,toiletoo[u:]broom,food,tooth,schoolbookJook,cook,foot,goodou,ow®[au]flower,house,count,down@[9u]know,row,throw,though(3)(A]young,country,enough©[u:]group,you,soupour①[c:]course,your,fbur(5)[aus]our,hour,sour@[9：]journey oul[u]would,should9could（主要是情态动词、助动词）①在j,1,r,s后[ju:i]flui（l,suic血tuition@[u:]juicc,fruit,suit7非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音编辑ai,ay,ei，ey[i]Sunday,foreign,monkey[ou]ycllow,sparrow,tomorrow注：元音字组在非重读音节中通常读[o]音或[i]音。例女口：serious,famous,biscuit,coffee,neighbour-sion,-tion©[^|on]impression,nation②在元咅字母后[3on]vision,dccision,occasion③在sft[tfbnjquestion,suggestion-sten[snjlisten-stle[sljwhistlc-sure[3a]pleasure,measure-ture[tfbjpicture,culture8元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音编辑复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其屮的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如：everyday[ei],handbag[ae],blackboard[o:]o有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分己失去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如：sun（太阳）+day[ei]（日子）=Sunday（星期天）;holy（神圣）+day[ei]（日子）=holiday[i]（假日）：break（中断）+fast[a:]（斋戒）=breakfast[a]（早餐）；cup（茶杯）+board[o:]（木板）=cupboard[o]（碗柜）。9辅字组的读音编辑b①[b]bike,bus,bag②[不发]bomb,tombc①在e前或在i,yBO[s]face,decide,cinema②其他情况[k]cake,picture,coat,music③[t|]celloch ®[tf]much,chick,rich,teacher②[kjschool,headache,chemistry（主要为希腊外来词）③[（^machine,moustache（主要是法语外来词）-ck[k]cock,pocket,black,knock[tj]Czechd[d]doctor,bread,hand,day-dg（e）[d3]bridge,fridgedr-[dr]children,driver,drinkds[dz]hands（主要用于可数名词复数）f[f]five,four,breakfastg©[g]bag,garden,go®[d3]orange,large,German（§）[3]genre,massagegh®[f]cough,enough②[不发]light,daughter,highgu-,-gue®[g]gucss,league,dialoguc（-guc在非重读音节中）@[gw]language,anguishh®[h]hot,head,house,hand②[不发]hour,honestJ①[dsJjeep,jar,joke,join,June②[引Jacques（用于法国人名③[h]Juanita（用于西班分人名）k[kjkind,bike,skate,make,weekkn-[n]knifc,know,knock1①[l]life,lead,lot（出现在元音前面）②[i]milk,school,tall[出现在元音后面。可以出现在辅音前，也可出现在辅音后（词尾）]m[m]monkey,come-mn[m]autumn,column,solemn ©[n]not,shine,ten,note②在[k],[g]音前[g]uncle,thank,hungry-ng[ij]morning,young,wrongP[pjpaper,plane,pig,ship,penPh[fjelephant,photo,telephone,graphq[k]Iraqqu・[kw]quality,quiter[r]red,rubber,rulerrz[3]Zabrze（扎布热）s①在词首、清辅音前[s]sit,sleep,desk②元音字母间或浊辅音前⑵music,husbandsc・©[skjscarlet（2）[s]muscle,sciencesch-[f]schedule[英"Jbdju:l,美"skedsul]sh[J]she,fish,shirt,washt®[t]ten,letter,meet②在弱读字母ia,ie,io前[fjpatien切ationtch[tj]watchth①⑹thin,thirty,method②[6]the,these,with,than,clothe,father,weather（在冠词、代词、介词、连词中，以及在词尾・the,・ther中tr-[trjtree,train,country,truckts,tz[ts]Tsingtao（青岛）,Tientsin（天津）,pants（主要用于可数名词复数）quartz,Hertz[英ho:z,美hs:rts]（用于德国人名）v[v]very,voice,love,leave w®[w]week,win,wake,sweet,wait②[不发]answer,two,swordwh-®[w]what,when,white,why②在字母o前[hjwho,whose,wholewr-[rjwritex①在重读元音前[ks]box,text,exercise®[gz]example,exist,exact③⑵xylophoney[j]yes9yard,yellow,youngz©[z]puzzle,zero,zoo②[引azure③[ts]pizzaNazi（意大利、德国外来词）zh[3]zhoosh