英语音标学习(元音辅音音标和练习题).ppt 79页

英语国际音标 音素和国际音标1．什么是音素：音素是语音的最小单位。2．音素的分类：元音和辅音。3．音素的个数：共48个，元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。4．什么是音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。5．什么是国际音标：国际音标是由国际语音协会规定的一套音标，用来记录世界各主要语言的语音。 元音和辅音的定义：发音时声带振动，呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍，这样形成的语音称为元音。不论声带振动与否，发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍，这样形成的语音称为辅音。发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。 元音12个单元音长元音[a:][ә:][i:][ɔ:][u:]短元音[Λ][ә][i][ɔ][u][æ][e]8个双元音[ai][ei][ɔi][iә][eә][uә][au][әu]辅音11对清辅音[p][t][k][f][h][s][ʃ][tʃ][tr][θ][ts]浊辅音[b][d][g][v][r][z][ʒ][dʒ][dr][ð][dz]3个鼻音[m][n][η]2个半元音[w][j]1个舌边音[l] 巧记48个国际音标单元音共十二，四二六前中后双元音也好背，合口集中八个辅音共计二十八八对一清又七浊，四个连对也包括。有气无声清辅音，有声无气浊辅音，发音特点应掌握 元音(20Vowels)/i://I//e//æ//ɜ//ә//α//ʌ//ɔ//ɒ//u://ʊ//eI//aI//ɔІ//әʊ//aʊ//Iә//eә//ʊә/::: Lesson1元音[i:][i][ә:][ә]学习元音[i:][i][ә:][ә]学习 [i:]发这个音的字母和字母组合eeaeee:mebesheheweeveningee:sweetbeesweepsheepseesleepthreegreenea:meatleafseapeateacheatcleanReadthesentenceandunderlinetheletterswithpronunciationof[i:]Canyouseethegreenleavesofeachtreeinthefield?Canyouseethegreenleavesofeachtreeinthefield? [i]发这个音的字母和字母组合ieyeyayi:pigfishinfifteensixshipthine:beginbehindjacketbasketbally:happyheavybusycarrysunnystudytwentyey:monkeymoneyay:SundaySaturdayFridayReadthesentenceandunderlinetheletterswithpronunciationof[i]A:Bequick,we’llgotothecinemaB:WhatisitA:ItaticketA:Bequick,we’llgotothecinemaB:WhatisitA:Itaticket [ә:]发这个音的字母和字母组合erirurearorer:herservetermir:birdgirlskirtfirstdirtyskirtshirtur:nurseThursdayturtlepurplecurtainear:earlylearnor:wordworkworldReadthesentenceandunderlinetheletterswithpronunciationof[ә:]ThenurseseetheturtleonherpurplecurtainThenurseseetheturtleonherpurplecurtain [ә]发这个音的字母和字母组合ureeraroraeure:pictureer:teacherbrotherdinnerfathersisterar:sugaror:doctora:pandaaboutabovecamerasofaChinaReadthesentenceandunderlinetheletterswithpronunciationof[ә]Peter’sfatherisadoctorPeter’sfatherisadoctor 音标[i:][i][ә:][ә]练习1.找出下列没有相同发音的词。()①hefeetbreadgreen()②pigisdogship()③thirtybirdherfood()④shebiginmoney()⑤sweetsfishteacherwe()⑥teachersisteraboutgirl()⑦tigerfirstworkshirt()⑧treebeancleanchin()⑨fatherdoctorskirtchina()⑩happyseasitpicture2.读音标写单词。[bi:][bә:d][si:][swi:t][′bizi][hә:][′dɔktә][′sistә][li:f][hi:]3.连线。meat[ә:]thirsty[i:]driver[ә]animal[i:] Lesson2音标[ɔ:][ɔ][u:][u]学习音标[ɔ:][ɔ][u:][u]学习 [ɔ:]发这个音的字母和字母组合aawaloroora:wateraw:drawstrawberryal:ballwallor:horsecornforkorshortoor:floordoorReadthesentenceandunderlinetheletterswithpronunciationof[ɔ:]IamPaul.Iamfour.Iamtall.GivemeacallIamPaul.Iamfour.Iamtall.Givemeacall [ɔ]发这个音的字母和字母组合oao:foxcoffeedogshopdogdoctorlonga:watchReadthesentenceandunderlinetheletterswithpronunciationof[ɔ]Tomhasalotofdotsonhispocket.Tomhasalotofdotsonhispocket. [u:]发这个音的字母和字母组合ooouio:dowhowhoseoo:foodmoontooui:fruitjuiceu:rulerrudeReadthesentenceandunderlinetheletterswithpronunciationof[u:]Howdoyoudo!Bringyourstool!GotoschoolHowdoyoudo!Bringyourstool!Gotoschool [u]发这个音的字母和字母组合ooouo:womanwolfoo:lookgoodbookfootwoodu:bullbulletReadthesentenceandunderlinetheletterswithpronunciationof[u]GreenWood,MikeCook,pleasehavealook,Ihaveagoodbook.GreenWood,MikeCook,pleasehavealook,Ihaveagoodbook 音标[ɔ:][ɔ][u:][u]练习一．抄写音标，一个抄写10遍,一边抄写一边读。[u]：[u:]：[ɔ]：[ɔ:]：__________二．找出下列没有相同发音的词。()①moonfoodeatfruit()②truebookwoodlook()③foursmallwalkbird()④gotclockshopshirt()⑤busfootpushbook()⑥lostballlongox()⑦rulerdogmooncakeblue()⑧bigshiphorseit 四.写出单词或音标。[bru:m][dɔ:][sit][bә:d][fut][wi:][dɔg][′sistә]lookdowatergoodtoofootclockfirstworksisterdoctorsea五.将下列单词与正确的音标用线连起来。hot[blu:]football[huk]blue[ki:s]hook[futbɔ:l]kiss[hɔt] Lesson3音标[a:][Λ][æ][e]练习音标[a:][Λ][æ][e]练习 [a:]发这个音的字母和字母组合aaraueara:grassglassclassplantdancefastfatherlastar:carstararmMarchgardendarkscarfau:laughauntear:heartReadthesentenceandunderlinetheletterswithpronunciationof[a:]it’stoofartoseethesharkandthethesharkteetharesharpit’stoofartoseethesharkandthesharkteetharesharp [Λ]发这个音的字母和字母组合ouooouo:soncomecolourlovemoneyu:sunnutjumpgumbusbrushsupperusou:touchcousincountryReadthesentenceandunderlinetheletterswithpronunciationof[Λ]Hurryup!Aduckcutsabuginthemud.Hurryup!Aduckcutsabuginthemud. [æ]发这个音的字母和字母组合aa:dadcapcatbadapplebagflaghandrabbitantblackfathasstandratmapReadthesentenceandunderlinetheletterswithpronunciationof[æ]Cat!Cat!Catchthatfatcat!Cat!Cat!Catchthatfatcat! [e]发这个音的字母和字母组合eeae:eggbelldesklegpettenpenea:breadheadbreakfastReadthesentenceandunderlinetheletterswithpronunciationof[e]Tedhasaneggandapieceofbreadgoestobed.Tedhasaneggandapieceofbreadgoestobed. 音标[a:][Λ][æ][e]练习一．选出下列没有相同发音的词。()1.cararmfoodgarden()2.truejumpbuscut()3.bagshortmapflag()4.eggpenheadsmall()5.gotclockbelldog()6.rabbitbookwoodfoot()7.ratbatappleten()8.gunstarduckmoneg二.写出单词或音标。［pa:st］[ru:m][swet][sit][fæt][gɔt][cΛp][shә:t]bagcarbusbreadstarhead Lesson4双元音[ei][ai][ɔi][әu][au][iә][eә][uә]练习 [ei]a+辅音+etakewakeeieightweighayplaydayaiaimaidaAprilaviatorAgoodfameisbetterthanagoodface.一个好的名望胜于好的相貌。 [ai]i+辅音+elifeadviceyskydryiChinacrisisighhighfightaiaisleThailandTimeandtidewaitfornoman.岁月不待人。 [ɔi]oytoyboyoinoisespoilBoyswillbeboys.男孩将男孩。 [әʊ]ooveroceano+辅音+ewroteroseowrowgrowewsewAllroadsleadtoRome. [aʊ]oupoundloudowcowardDoubtisthekeyofknowledge.怀疑是知识的钥匙。 [iә]earearneareerdeersheereaideaareaereheresevereeirweird（古怪的）Experienceisthebestteacher.经验是最好的老师。 [eә]arecareshareairfairairearbearswearerewherethereWherethereisawill,thereisaway. [ʊә]uresurelureourtouroorpoorAssureaseggsiseggs.千真万确 辅音(28Consonants)/p//b//t//d//k//g//ʧ//ʤ//f//v//Ѳ//ð//s//z//ʃ//ʒ//h//m//n//ŋ//I//r//w//j//tr//dr//ts//dz/ Lesson6辅音音标[p][b][t][d]练习辅音音标[p][b][t][d]练习 [p]发这个音的字母和字母组合pppp:pianopandaparrotpetshipsheeppigstoppp:applehappy根据发音规则，圈出没有发[p]的单词。1.shipphonesleeppear2.pickpenbigpineapple3.taxiparrotsheeppig4.pandaponypettruck [b]发这个音的字母和字母组合bbbb:bookballbirdbigboybagbananabb:rubberrabbitcabbage根据发音规则，圈出发[b]的2个单词。1.cabgiftbeachlove2.petgodtubbed3.weatherboybusmake4.rabbitreaddressbaby [t]发这个音的字母和字母组合tttt:tableteataxicatratfattickettt:buttermatter根据发音规则，圈出没有发[t]的1个单词。1.taxifatbagtoy2.hatticketteaduck3.pocketpacketcatrain [d]发这个音的字母和字母组合dedd:duckseeddoordeskdayredheadbedreadcolded:smiledopenedplayed根据发音规则，圈出没有发[d]的1个单词。1.bedclotheshand2.dogcoldfive3.danceduckgrape 音标[p][b][t][d]练习选出下列没有相同发音的词()1.pearshipcoatpig()2.taxibeancabcabbage()3.hatseaticketwallet()4.seeddancehandfull()5.pickpensitpineapple()6.coldfinddoorchair()7.clothpurplepoolpush()8.eatfanquietset Lesson7辅音音标[k][g][s][z]学习辅音音标[k][g][s][z]学习 [k]发这个音的字母和字母组合ckckc:capcookcupcarcanclassk:cookmilkkeydeskkitecakeck:clocksockcockneck从下列单词中找出一个发[sk]的单词。1.cakecardeskneck2.maskrockinkclock3.disktrucksilkduck [g]发这个音的字母和字母组合gggg:glassgolfgetgirlbaggoatflaggg:egg根据发音规则，圈出发[g]的单词。gasdrivegumgiveviolinbagjeansorangelogbridgeguesstankgradelonglanguage [s]发这个音的字母和字母组合scssces:starsunsnakeseaseec:pencilcitycedarceilingcelebratess:grassglassclassbossce:faceracericenice根据发音规则，圈出每组中2个发[s]的单词。1.whosejuicelickstudent2.thosecasescarfshoes3.spacenosesciencemeat4.tearspiecebusnose [z]发这个音的字母和字母组合zssez:zerozebrazoos:bagsphotossistersse:noserose根据发音规则，圈出每组中2个发[z]的单词。1.zoofreezelickcase2.gameplaybusyshoes3.dognoserosemeat4.tearspeanuteaglezero 音标[k][g][s][z]的练习一将下列没有相同发音的词找出来()1.carstayneckclock()2.gasgivedrivebag()3.seabossricecook()4.lickzoorosezero()5.tearsfreezedeskbusy三.把下列单词与音标用线连接起来。socks["gigl]giggle[gәust]ghost[sɔks]face[t∫i:z]cheese[feis] Lesson8辅音音标[∫][ʒ][t∫][dʒ]练习辅音音标[∫][ʒ][t∫][dʒ]练习 [∫]发这个音的字母和字母组合sshs:sugarsuresh:shipsheepwashcashshopshe根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发[∫]的2个单词。1.shellshipwatchdesk2.truckshirtskirtship3.brushcarratsheepsleep4.heroshapestreetshelf [ʒ]发这个音的字母和字母组合ss:television,usually,Asiaanunusualcollision;agreatdecision;mypleasure根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发[ʒ]的1个单词。1.shellshipgaragedesk2.truckshirtpleasureship3.brushcasualsheepsleep4.heroshapeleisureshelf [t∫]发这个音的字母和字母组合chtchch:teacherpeachcherrychairtch:watchmatch根据发音规则,找出下列单词中发[t∫]的单词，并抄下来。chairdumplingbeachcheesenightshemonkeyChinachurchtheseflowereggdreamsharkchickcatch [dʒ]发这个音的字母和字母组合gjdgeg:gingergiraffej:jumpjobjamge:orangecabbagecage根据发音规则,圈出下列单词中发[dʒ]的单词。egggiraffedragongrasscabbagejobgiftgateorangedrugjeansgun 音标[∫][3][t∫][d3]练习一．选出下列具有相同发音的单词。()1.shellwatchshipsee()2.shellpleasuresicktreasure()3.chairChinaMonkeydream()4.jobgiftdoorcabbage()5.grasschickstartjeans Lesson9音标[f][v][θ][ð]的练习音标[f][v][θ][ð]的练习 [f]发这个音的字母和字母组合fffphghf:fivefanflowerfishfourleafff:giraffeph:phoneelephantphotogh:laugh选出下列单词中不发[f]的单词，写在横线上。knifeflowerfootfishpickgetphotolaughleaf [v]发这个音的字母和字母组合vvev:videovasevestve:fiveloveviolin根据发音规则,在不发[v]的单词上打×violinmovevotewindowvanwhitewomanvictorywetwavevase [θ]发这个音的字母和字母组合thth:threethinthirdteethmouth根据发音规则，圈出不发[θ]的单词。1．fatherthreemathsthirsty2.mouththroatThursdaybrother3.thinkthirstymotherthousand4.thinthicktheyteeth [ð]发这个音的字母和字母组合thth:fathermotherbrotherclothesweather根据发音规则，圈出每组中发[ð]的1个单词。1．thansisterbrotherthree2.weatherthanknightgood3.tielookteeththey4.thinfatherthroatwatch 音标[f][v][θ][ð]的练习一．将下列没有相同发音的词找出来()1.footknifepickfish()2.windowmovevotevase()3.threefanthousandthin()4.fatherthembrotherwatch()5.finishvanfoolfat()5.theythinmathsmouth Lesson10辅音音标［ts］[dz][tr][dr]的练习音标［ts］[dz][tr][dr]的练习 [ts]发这个音的字母和字母组合tstests:seatsgoatscoatscatspetseatstes:gateskitesdatestastes根据发音规则，找出发[ts]的4个单词写在后面的横线上。sandswoodsbootsbirdshatscarratshandsbedsfriendsratsseedskids [dz]发这个音的字母和字母组合dsdesds:seedswoodsfriendsbirdsbedsdes:rides根据发音规则，找出发[dz]的5个单词写在后面的横线上。coatshandscatskitesbedswordspetskidsseatshorsesandsgates [tr]发这个音的字母和字母组合trtr:treetrucktrousersstrawberrytrick根据发音规则，找出没有发[tr]的3个单词写在后面的横线上。seatstrucktraintrashtractordrinkstreetdrugtrousers [dr]发这个音的字母和字母组合drdr:drawdrinkdriverdragondry根据发音规则，找出每组中发[dr]的2个单词写在后面的横线上。1.dreamduckdressrain2.ratdraindrugdoor3.treetreasuredrawerdrink4.truckdragondishdrum Lesson11辅音音标[h][r][l][m]的练习辅音音标[h][r][l][m]的练习 [h]发这个音的字母和字母组合hwhh:heherheadhearthairhamwh:whowhose根据发音规则，把下列单词中不发[h]的找出来。1.hamhatwhite()2.horsewhalewho()3.wheatholehair() [r]发这个音的字母和字母组合rrrwrr:riceroomrideroadroserr:mirrorcarrotparrotwr:writewrongwrap根据发音规则，选出发[r]的单词，打√。1.breaddriverwrongrainworker2.riverfatherrobotropesister3.writefruitrabbitcrowndrum [l]发这个音的字母和字母组合llll:looklightlockluckyliontailll:ballpulldollartell根据发音规则，选出每组中不发[l]的单词。1.lampnailflagwoman()2.yellowfruitlionlychee()3.grapebulllaughlake()4.dumplingmoonwheelwhale() [m]发这个音的字母和字母组合mmbm:mouthmousemilkmonkeymoonmoneymummb:climbcombthumb 音标[h][r][l][m]的练习一．把下列单词用线连接起来。parrot[′pærәt]heart[lɔk]lock[ha:t]dollar[klaim]climb[′dɔlә] Lesson12音标[n][η][w][j]的练习音标[n][η][w][j]的练习 [n]发这个音的字母和字母组合nkngnn:nosenetnutbanananoodlestrainrainplanedownkn:kneeknifeknockgn:sign根据发音规则，找出发[n]的单词1.mirrorwheelyesknock2.mallhenlaughnut3.earringsplanewingbread [η]发这个音的字母和字母组合nngn:inkbanktankfingerng:singhangsongkingreadingrunning根据发音规则，从下列每组中找出2个发[η]的单词。1．netringfingermeat2.tennismouthsongswing3.dumplingwingrunnail4.hangswiminknote [w]发这个音的字母和字母组合w:winterwindowwatchwaterwellwouldwh:whitewherewhichwhenwhywheelwhale根据发音规则，选出每组中不发[w]音的1个单词。1.woodwritewheelwhich2.wheatsnowwetwoman3.whitewindownowwhy4.whalewaterwatchrow [j]发这个音的字母和字母组合yy:yo-yoyogurtyardyesyouyour根据发音规则，找出发[j]的单词写在下面横线上。cryyouyourskyyellowlorrymoneyjellytoyboyyogurtsoy 音标[n][η][w][j]的练习把下列单词用线连起来。knee[hæη]hang[ni:]yolk[jәuk]whale[iηk]ink[weil] 语音的基本常识一：音节的划分一个单词的音标中有几个元音就有几个音节。二：开音节&闭音节开音节：a)辅音+元音+辅音+e:name,bike,home,due,plane,b)辅音+元音:he,go,hi,do,be,tree,three,hello闭音节：a)辅音+元音+辅音:bad,bed,sit,hot,cup,let,mad,mapb)元音+辅音:it,is,of,in,on,up,out,ant三：.重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。任何双音节或多音节单词的音标中，有重读音节和非重读音节，哪一个音节重读，该音节的左上方或该音节的元音上方标有重读符号“"”。 语音的基本常识四：浊化音[s]后面的清辅音要浊化discussion：/k/浊化成/g/stand：/t/浊化成/d/expression：/p/浊化成/b/五：连读辅音+元音It~is~an~oldbook.Put~it~on,please.Not~at~all.Pleasepick~it~up.