英语音标上课课件.ppt 82页

音标入门我们一起学音标！ 音标认识音标元音音标辅音音标 国际音标（InternationalPhoneticAlphabet）正如我们的汉语拼音，是认字识字的工具。国际音标由国际语音协会制定，它标出了英语语音用到的48个音素，并且每个符号只对应一个音素。 英语国际音标表（48个）元音（20个）单元音长元音/i://ɜ://u://ɔ://ɑ:/短元音/ɪ//ə//ʊ//ɒ//ʌ//e//æ/双元音合口双元音/eɪ//aɪ//ɔɪ//əʊ//aʊ/集中双元音/ɪə//eə//ʊə/ 辅音（28个）轻辅音/p//t//k//f//θ//s/浊辅音/b//d//g//v//ð//z/轻辅音/ts//ʃ//tʃ//tr//h/浊辅音/dz//ʒ//dʒ//dr//r/鼻音/m//n//ŋ/半元音/w//j/边音/ǀ/ 我们先来学习前元音：/i://I//e//æ/ [i:]长衣音pleasePleasespeakEnglishwithme./i:/是长元音。发音时舌尖抵下齿，前舌尽量抬高；口型扁平。请跟老师读/i://i:/ /i://i://i:/eatmeatHeeatsalotofmeat.eatmeateatmeat ehemeshee-etheseChineseeeseeweekfeedeaheatteacherteaiethiefbelievepieceeiseizereceiveeykey长衣音[i:] [I]短衣音difficultIt’snotdifficulttospeakEnglish./I/是短元音。发音时舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，舌两侧抵上齿两侧；口型扁平。请跟老师读/I//I/ /I/bigcitybeijingisaverybigcity./I//I/bigbigcitycity [I]短衣音eprettyreplybelieveisithistoryliftubusybusinessymarrymanywindyeymonkeymoneyhoney [i:]and[I]两只小蜜蜂呀[bi:][bi:][bi:][b][b][b][i:][i:][i:][b][i:][bi:]两只小粉猪呀[pIg][pIg][pIg][p][p][p][I][I][I][p][I][pIg] [æ]90度大嘴音practicePracticemakesperfect./æ/短元音，嘴张大，舌尖抵下齿，嘴角尽量拉向两边，上下唇张开呈90度。请跟老师读/æ//æ/ gladbackGladtoseeyouback./æ//æ//æ/gladbackgladback [e]小开口45度音everythingEverythingisready./e/是短元音，张口程度比/i/音大，上下齿之间可容纳一个食指尖，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起。请跟老师读/e//e/ bestfriendHe"smybestfriend./e//e//e/bestfriendbestfriend 请同学们注意几个前元音的区别哦/i:/deedCDheat/i/didcityhit/e/beddeadbet/æ/baddadbat 下面我们学习中元音/з://ә//Λ/ [з:]卷舌音重度卷舌音perfectHespeaksperfectEnglish.轻度卷舌音rememberRemembertocallyourmother./з:/是长元音，嘴形扁平，上下齿微微张开，舌身放平，舌中部稍抬起。 birdwormBirdseatworms./з://з://з:/birdwormbirdworm [ә]短鹅音togetherAmericaandChinashouldalwaysworktogether./ə/是短元音，嘴唇微微张开，舌身放平，舌中部稍微抬起，口腔自然放松发声。请跟老师读/ə//ə/ driverarriveThedriverisarrive/ә//ә//ә/driverarrivedriverarrive [Λ]短啊音wonderfulMymotherisawonderfulteacher./ʌ/是短元音，嘴唇微微张开伸向两边，舌尖轻触下齿，唇后部稍稍抬起。请跟老师读/ʌ//ʌ/ lovecountryIlovemycountry./ʌ//ʌ//ʌ/lovecountrylovecountry 我们再来体会一下他们的发音吧/ә/abovebrotherfamous/з:/turnbirdword/Λ/upcomedouble 下面我们来学习后元音/a://כ://ɔ//u://u/ [α:]大嘴啊音charmingYouhaveacharmingsmile./ɑ:/是长元音，口腔打开，嘴张大，舌身放平，舌尖离下齿，下巴放低，轻松发音。请跟老师读/a://a:/ /a:/farmthefarmisfar./a://a:/farfarmfarfarmfar [כ:]长哦音alwaysAlwayssay“please”and“thankyou”./ɔ:/是长元音，双唇收得比/ɔ/更小更圆，并向前突出，舌尖离下齿，舌后部抬得比/ɔ/略高。跟老师读/ɔ://ɔ:/ walkfloorwalkonthefloor./ɔ://ɔ://ɔ:/walkfloorwalkfloor [ɔ]botherSorrytobotheryou./ɔ/是短元音，口腔打开，嘴张大，双唇稍收圆，但不突出，舌身低，舌尖离下齿。请跟老师读/ɔ//ɔ/ hotdogeatahotdog./ɔ//ɔ//ɔ/hotdoghotdog [u:]长乌音foodWhat’syourfavoritefood?Myfavoriteisnoodles./u:/是长元音，双唇比/u/收得更小更圆，微微外凸，舌头尽量后缩。请跟老师读/u://u:/ foodschoolbringfoodtoschool./u://u://u:/foodschoolfoodschool [ʊ]短乌音shouldYoushouldreadasmanybooksaspassible./ʊ/是短元音，嘴唇张开略向前突出，嘴形稍收圆并放松些。请跟老师读/ʊ//ʊ/ putbookputdownthebook./ʊ//ʊ//ʊ/putbookputbook 后元音的发音大家掌握来吗？/a:/harmartstar/ɔ/topboxstop/ɔ:/balllawfor/u/putcookwould/u:/noonbluetwo 下面我们来认识一下双元音/eɪ//aɪ//ɔɪ//əʊ//aʊ//ɪə//eə//ʊə/ mistakeDon’tbeafraidofmakingmistakes.[eI]嘴角咧到耳朵上/eɪ/由/e/和/ɪ/两个单音组成，/e/重读，/ɪ/轻读，口形由半开到合，与字母A发音相同。请跟老师读/eɪ//eɪ/[mɪ‘steɪk]错误[ə‘freɪd]害怕 /eɪ/playgameLet"splayagame./eɪ//eɪ/playgameplaygame[pleɪ]玩[geɪm]游戏 [aɪ]大嘴阿姨音ChinaIsthisyourfirsttimeinChina？/aɪ/由/a/和/ɪ/两个单音组成，前重后轻，口形由开到合，与字母I的发音相同。请跟老师读/aɪ//aɪ/[ˈtʃaɪnə]中国 flyskyflyinthesky./aɪ//aɪ//aɪ/flyskyflysky[flaɪ]飞[skaɪ]天空 [ɔɪ]唇型由圆唇变为扁唇。enjoyIreallyenjoyedtalkingtoyou.Bye./ɔɪ/由/ɔ/和/ɪ/两个单音组成，前重后轻，双唇由圆到扁，口形从开到合。请跟老师读/ɔɪ//ɔɪ/[ɪnˈdʒɔɪ]享受 boycointheboyhasacoin./ɔɪ//ɔɪ//ɔɪ/boycoinboycoin[bɔɪ]男孩[kɔɪn]硬币 [əʊ]舀水音hopeIhopetoseeyouagainsoon./əʊ/由/ə/和/ʊ/两个单音组成，口形由/ə/到/ʊ/，由半开到小，与字母O的发音相同。请跟老师读/əʊ//əʊ/[həʊp]希望 gohomeLet"sgohome./əʊ//əʊ//əʊ/gohomegohome[gəʊ]走[həʊm]家 [aʊ]鬼哭狼嚎音outstandingYou’reanoutstandingteacher./aʊ/由/a/和/ʊ/两个单音组成，/a/重读，/ʊ/轻读，口形由大到小。请跟老师读/aʊ//aʊ/[aʊt‘stændɪŋ]杰出的 shoutoutPleaseshoutout./aʊ//aʊ//aʊ/shoutoutshoutout[ʃaʊt]喊[aʊt]出来，外面 [ɪə]短衣卷舌音clearIt’sveryimpotanttohaveclearpronunciation./ɪə/由/ɪ/和/ə/两个单音组成，前重后轻，双唇始终半开。请跟老师读/ɪə//ɪə/[klɪə]清楚的[prə,nʌnsɪ‘eɪʃ(ə)n]发音 hearclearlyIcanhearclearly./ɪə//ɪə//ɪə/hearclearlyhearclearly[hɪə]听到[‘klɪəlɪ]清晰地 [eә]咧嘴卷舌音careWeshouldallcareabouttheenvironment./eə/由/e/和/ə/两个单音组成，前重后轻，舌端抵下齿，双唇半开。请跟老师读/eə//eə/[keə]关心[ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt]环境 mareharemareandhare./eə//eə//eə/mareharemarehare[meə]母马[heə]野兔 [ʊə]短乌卷舌音sureI’msureyouwillenjoyit./ʊə/由/ʊ/和/ə/两个单音组成，前重后轻，嘴唇由收圆到半开。请跟老师读/ʊə//ʊə/[ʃʊər]确信，肯定 tourmouratouronthemour./ʊə//ʊə//ʊə/tourmourtourmour[tʊə]旅游[mʊə]毛尓 辅音[p]气破双唇音impossibleNothingisimpossible.[ɪm‘pɒsɪbəl]不可能的 [b]发浊音，振动声带。believeBelieveinyourself. [t]发清音，舌尖轻抵上齿龈，气流从中突出。timeDon’twastetime. [d]发浊音，舌位同[t]，但需振动声带。decideLetmeknowwhatyoudecide. [k]发清音，嘴微张开，舌后部向软腭抬起，气流轻轻冲出。keepKeepupthegoodwork. [g]发浊音，舌位同[k]，但需振动声带。governmentOurgovernmentdoesagreatjob. [f]咬唇音feelIfeelalittlesicktoday. [v]leavewhenareyouleaving? [θ]咬舌音bathroomIneedtousethebathroom. [ð]weatherAreyouusedtotheweatherhere? [s]嘴微张，牙齿稍稍分开，舌尖轻抵上齿龈，类似汉语中的“思”音。nervousDon’tbenervousaboutspeakingEnglish. [z]舌尖微触上齿龈，用力将气流冲出，短促，有力，震动声带。businessDoyoudoalotofbusinessinChina? [r]舌前部向上卷起至口腔上部，但不触及，气流通过口腔，发出声音terrificYoulookterrifictoday. [∫]老“师”音specialThisisaspeciallocaldish. [3]射“日”音pleasureIt’sapleasuretobeheretoday. [ts]舌端贴住齿龈，堵住气流；舌尖略微下降.气流随之泄出；发音时，声带不震动。lotsIhavelotsoffriendsfromallovertheworld. [dz]舌端贴住齿龈，堵住气流，舌尖略微下降，气流随之泄出；发音时，声带震动。wordsWordscan’texpresshowthankfulIam. [tr]邮“戳”音troubleIdon’twanttotroubleyou. [dr]课“桌”音drinkWhatwouldyouliketodrink? [tʃ]双唇略微张开突出，舌尖抵住上齿龈，用力吐气，声带不振动。changeChinaischangingeveryday. [dʒ]和/tʃ/发音相似，双唇略微张开突出，舌尖抵住上齿龈，用力吐气，但声带需振动。languageEnglishisaninternationallanguage. [h]“喝”水音helpLetmehelpyou. [l]舌尖轻触上齿龈，气流从舌面两侧送出.1.blue2.love3.left4.light5.flower6.spell7.hill8.tell9.help10.till1.Likefatherlikeson.有其父必有其子2.Liveandlearn.学无止境 [m]双唇闭拢，气流从鼻腔送出。Iscream,youscream,weallscreamforice-cream. [n]舌尖紧贴上齿龈，气流从鼻腔送出.numberCanyougivemeyourtelephonenumber? [ŋ]舌后部向上抬起顶住软腭，气流从鼻腔送出。1.pink[piŋk]2.drink[driŋk]3.bring[briŋ]4.thank[θæŋk]5.English[iŋgli∫]Theeveningisstillyoung.暮色初临 [w]乌welcomeYou’rewelcometojoinus.