初一英语语法虽然是从简单的一些日常用语出发的 33页

初一英语语法虽然是从简单的一些日常用语出发的，但语法中常会有一些知识点看起来很细小，容易被忽视，但这些知识点掌握不熟练，往往会造成一些语法应用上的错误。因此在学习初一英语语法时，要认真、细心，不要觉得一些地方不重要而得过且过。下面从几个方面，总结出了初一英语语法，如果要复习英语句法的同学，可以参考一下，一、初一英语语法——词法1、名词A）、名词的数我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下：一）在后面加s。如：fathers,books,Americans,Germans,apples,bananas二）x,sh,ch,s,tch后加es。如：boxes,glasses,dresses,watches,wishes,faxes三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es如：baby-babies,family-families,duty-duties,comedy-comedies,documentary-documentaries,story-stories2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：day-days,boy-boys,toy-toys,key-keys,ways四）以o结尾加s（外来词）。如：radios,photos,但如是辅音加o的加es：如:tomatoes西红柿,potatoes马铃薯五）以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives,wife-wives,half-halves,shelf-shelves,leaf-leaves,yourself-yourselves六）单复数相同（不变的）有：fish,sheep,deer鹿子,Chinese,Japanese七）一般只有复数，没有单数的有：people,pants,shorts,shoes,glasses,gloves,clothes,socks八）单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察局，警察,class班，同学,family家，家庭成员九）合成的复数一般只加主要名词，多数为后一个单词。如：actionmovie-actionmovies,penpal-penpals;但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如：mandoctor-mendoctors,womanteacher-womenteachers十）有的单复数意思不同。如：fish鱼fishes鱼的种类,paper纸papers报纸，卷子，论文,work工作works作品，工厂,glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯，眼镜,orange桔子水oranges橙子,light光线lights灯,people人peoples民族,time时间times时代,次数,chicken鸡肉chickens小鸡十一）单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s。如：Is(I’s),Ks(K’s)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如：IDs,VCDs,SARs十二）特殊形式的有：child-children,man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,mouse-mice,policeman-policemen,Englishman-EnglishmenB）名词的格当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时，我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下：一）单数在后面加’s。如：brother’s,Mike’s,teacher’s二）复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’，如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如：Teachers’Day教师节,classmates’;Children’sDay六一节,Women’sDay三八节 三）由and并列的名词所有时，如果是共同所有同一人或物时，只加最后一个’s，但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如：MikeandBen’sroom迈克和本的房间（共住一间），Mike’sandBen’srooms迈克和本的房间（各自的房间）2、代词项目人称代词物主代词指示代词反身代词人称主格宾格形容词名词性第一人称单数Imemyminemyself复数weusouroursourselves第二人称单数youyouyouryoursyourself复数youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人称单数sheherherhersherselfhehimhishishimselfitititsitsthisthatitself复数theythemtheirtheirsthesethosethemselves3、动词A）第三人称单数当动词是第三人称单数时，动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s，如下：一）一般在词后加s。如：comes,spells,waits,talks,sees,dances,trains二）在x,sh,ch,s,tch后加es。如：watches,washes,wishes,finishes三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如：study-studies,hurry-hurries,try-tries2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：plays,says,stays,enjoys,buys四）以o结尾加es。如：does,goes五）特殊的有：are-is,have-hasB）现在分词当我们说某人正在做什么事时，动词要使用分词形式，不能用原形，构成如下：一）一般在后加ing。如：spell-spelling,sing-singing,see-seeing,train-training,play-playing,hurry-hurrying,watch-watching,go-going,do-doing二）以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing,wake-waking,take-taking,practice-practicing,write-writing,have-having三）以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母＋一个辅音字母（注意除开字母组合如show–showing,draw-drawing）要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如：put-putting,run-running,get-getting,let-letting,begin-beginning四）以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如：tie-tying系die-dying死lie-lying位于4、形容词的级我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时，则要使用比较或最高级形式。构成如下：一）一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。如：greater-greatest,shorter–shortest,taller–tallest,longer–longest,nicer-nicest,larger-largest二）以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母＋1个辅音字母(字母组合除外，如few-fewerfewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er/est。如：big-biggerbiggest,red-redderreddest,hot-hotterhottest 三）以辅音字母＋y结尾的变y为i加er/est。如：happy-happierhappiest,sorry-sorriersorriest,friendly-friendlierfriendliest(morefriendlymostfriendly),busy-busierbusiest,easy-easiereasiest四）特殊情况：(两好多坏，一少老远)good/well-betterbestmany/much-moremostbad/ill–worseworstlittle-lessleastold-older/elderoldest/eldestfar-farther/furtherfarthest/furthest5、数词(基变序，有规则；一、二、三，自己背；五、八、九、十二；其它后接th；y结尾，变为i,eth跟上去。)first,second,third;fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth;seventh,tenth,thirteenth,hundredth;twenty-twentieth,forty-fortieth,ninety-ninetieth二、初一英语语法——句式1.陈述句肯定陈述句a)Thisisabook.(be动词)b)Helooksveryyoung.(连系动词)c)Iwantasweatlikethis.(实义动词)d)Icanbringsomethingstoschool.(情态动词)e)There’sacomputeronmydesk.(Therebe结构)否定陈述句a)Thesearen’ttheirbooks.b)Theydon’tlooknice.c)Katedoesn’tgotoNo.4MiddleSchool.d)Katecan’tfindherdoll.e)Thereisn’tacathere.(=There’snocathere.)2.祈使句肯定祈使句a)Pleasegoandasktheman.b)Let’slearnEnglish!c)Comein,please.否定祈使句a)Don’tbelate.b)Don’thurry.3.疑问句1)一般疑问句a)IsJimastudent?b)CanIhelpyou?c)Doesshelikesalad?d)DotheywatchTV?e)Isshereading?肯定回答:a)Yes,heis.b)Yes,youcan.c)Yes,shedoes.d)Yes,theydo.e)Yes,sheis. 初一英语语法虽然是从简单的一些日常用语出发的，但语法中常会有一些知识点看起来很细小，容易被忽视，但这些知识点掌握不熟练，往往会造成一些语法应用上的错误。因此在学习初一英语语法时，要认真、细心，不要觉得一些地方不重要而得过且过。下面从几个方面，总结出了初一英语语法，如果要复习英语句法的同学，可以参考一下，一、初一英语语法——词法1、名词A）、名词的数我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下：一）在后面加s。如：fathers,books,Americans,Germans,apples,bananas二）x,sh,ch,s,tch后加es。如：boxes,glasses,dresses,watches,wishes,faxes三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es如：baby-babies,family-families,duty-duties,comedy-comedies,documentary-documentaries,story-stories2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：day-days,boy-boys,toy-toys,key-keys,ways四）以o结尾加s（外来词）。如：radios,photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es：如:tomatoes西红柿,potatoes马铃薯五）以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives,wife-wives,half-halves,shelf-shelves,leaf-leaves,yourself-yourselves六）单复数相同（不变的）有：fish,sheep,deer鹿子,Chinese,Japanese七）一般只有复数，没有单数的有：people,pants,shorts,shoes,glasses,gloves,clothes,socks八）单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察局，警察,class班，同学,family家，家庭成员九）合成的复数一般只加主要名词，多数为后一个单词。如：actionmovie-actionmovies,penpal-penpals;但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如：mandoctor-mendoctors,womanteacher-womenteachers十）有的单复数意思不同。如：fish鱼fishes鱼的种类,paper纸papers报纸，卷子，论文,work工作works作品，工厂,glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯，眼镜,orange桔子水oranges橙子,light光线lights灯,people人peoples民族,time时间times时代,次数,chicken鸡肉chickens小鸡十一）单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s。如：Is(I’s),Ks(K’s)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如：IDs,VCDs,SARs十二）特殊形式的有：child-children,man-men,woman-women, foot-feet,mouse-mice,policeman-policemen,Englishman-EnglishmenB）名词的格当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时，我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下：一）单数在后面加’s。如：brother’s,Mike’s,teacher’s二）复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’，如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如：Teachers’Day教师节,classmates’;Children’sDay六一节,Women’sDay三八节三）由and并列的名词所有时，如果是共同所有同一人或物时，只加最后一个’s，但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如：MikeandBen’sroom迈克和本的房间（共住一间），Mike’sandBen’srooms迈克和本的房间（各自的房间）2、代词项目人称代词物主代词指示代词反身代词 人称主格宾格形容词名词性第一人称单数Imemyminemyself复数weusouroursourselves第二人称单数youyouyouryoursyourself复数youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人称单数sheherherhersherselfhehimhishishimselfitititsitsthisthatitself复数theythemtheirtheirsthesethosethemselves3、动词A）第三人称单数当动词是第三人称单数时，动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s，如下：一）一般在词后加s。如：comes,spells,waits,talks,sees,dances,trains二）在x,sh,ch,s,tch后加es。如：watches,washes,wishes,finishes三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如：study-studies,hurry-hurries,try-tries2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：plays,says,stays,enjoys,buys四）以o结尾加es。如：does,goes 五）特殊的有：are-is,have-hasB）现在分词当我们说某人正在做什么事时，动词要使用分词形式，不能用原形，构成如下：一）一般在后加ing。如：spell-spelling,sing-singing,see-seeing,train-training,play-playing,hurry-hurrying,watch-watching,go-going,do-doing二）以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing,wake-waking,take-taking,practice-practicing,write-writing,have-having三）以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母＋一个辅音字母（注意除开字母组合如show–showing,draw-drawing）要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如：put-putting,run-running,get-getting,let-letting,begin-beginning四）以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如：tie-tying系die-dying死lie-lying位于4、形容词的级我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时，则要使用比较或最高级形式。构成如下：一）一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。如：greater-greatest,shorter–shortest,taller–tallest,longer–longest,nicer-nicest,larger-largest 二）以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母＋1个辅音字母(字母组合除外，如few-fewerfewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er/est。如：big-biggerbiggest,red-redderreddest,hot-hotterhottest三）以辅音字母＋y结尾的变y为i加er/est。如：happy-happierhappiest,sorry-sorriersorriest,friendly-friendlierfriendliest(morefriendlymostfriendly),busy-busierbusiest,easy-easiereasiest四）特殊情况：(两好多坏，一少老远)good/well-betterbestmany/much-moremostbad/ill–worseworstlittle-lessleastold-older/elderoldest/eldestfar-farther/furtherfarthest/furthest5、数词(基变序，有规则；一、二、三，自己背；五、八、九、十二；其它后接th；y结尾，变为i,eth跟上去。)first,second,third;fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth;seventh,tenth,thirteenth,hundredth;twenty-twentieth,forty-fortieth,ninety-ninetieth二、初一英语语法——句式1.陈述句肯定陈述句a)Thisisabook.(be动词) b)Helooksveryyoung.(连系动词)c)Iwantasweatlikethis.(实义动词)d)Icanbringsomethingstoschool.(情态动词)e)There’sacomputeronmydesk.(Therebe结构)否定陈述句a)Thesearen’ttheirbooks.b)Theydon’tlooknice.c)Katedoesn’tgotoNo.4MiddleSchool.d)Katecan’tfindherdoll.e)Thereisn’tacathere.(=There’snocathere.)2.祈使句肯定祈使句a)Pleasegoandasktheman.b)Let’slearnEnglish!c)Comein,please. 否定祈使句a)Don’tbelate.b)Don’thurry.3.疑问句1)一般疑问句a)IsJimastudent?b)CanIhelpyou?c)Doesshelikesalad?d)DotheywatchTV?e)Isshereading?肯定回答:a)Yes,heis.b)Yes,youcan.c)Yes,shedoes.d)Yes,theydo.e)Yes,sheis.否定回答:a)No,heisn’t.b)No,youcan’t.c)No,shedoesn’t.d)No,theydon’t.e)No,sheisn’t.2)选择疑问句Isthetablebigorsmall?回答It’sbig./It’ssmall.3)特殊疑问句①问年龄HowoldisLucy?Sheistwelve. ②问种类Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike?Ilikeactionmoviesandcomedies.③问身体状况Howisyouruncle?Heiswell/fine.④问方式Howdo/canyouspellit?L-doubleO-K.Howdowecontactyou?Mye-mailaddressiscindyjones@163.com.⑤问原因Whydoyouwanttojointheclub?⑥问时间What’sthetime?(=Whattimeisit?)It’saquartertotena.m..Whattimedoyouusuallygetup,Rick?Atfiveo’clock.Whendoyouwanttogo?Let’sgoat7:00.⑦问地方Where’smybackpack?It’sunderthetable. ⑧问颜色Whatcolorarethey?Theyarelightblue.What’syourfavouritecolor?It’sblack.⑨问人物Who’sthat?It’smysister.Whoistheboyinblue?Mybrother.Whoisn’tatschool?PeterandEmma.WhoareLisaandTimtalkingto?⑩问东西What’sthis/that(inEnglish)?It’sapencilcase.Whatelsecanyouseeinthepicture?Icanseesomebroccoli,strawberriesandhamburgers.11问姓名What’syouraunt’sname?HernameisHelen./She’sHelen.What’syourfirstname?Myfirstname’sBen. What’syourfamilyname?Myfamilyname’sSmith.12问哪一个Whichdoyoulike?Ilikeoneinthebox.13问字母Whatletterisit?It’sbigD/smallf.14问价格Howmucharethesepants?They’re15dollars.15问电话号码What’syourphonenumber?It’s576-8349.16问谓语(动作)What’shedoing?He’swatchingTV.17问职业(身份)Whatdoyoudo?I’mateacher.What’syourfather?He’sadoctor.三、初一英语语法——时态1、一般现在时表示普遍、经常性的或长期性的动作时使用一般现在时，它有：Be动词：She’saworker.Issheaworker?Sheisn’ta worker.情态动词：Icanplaythepiano.Canyouplaythepiano?Ican’tplaythepiano.行为动词：Theywanttoeatsometomatoes.Dotheywanttoeatanytomatoes?Theydon’twanttoeatanytomatoes.Ginahasanicewatch.DoesGinahaveanicewatch?Ginadoesn’thaveawatch.2、现在进行时表示动词在此时正在发生或进行就使用进行时态，结构为sbbev-ingsth+其它.I’mplayingbaseball.Areyouplayingbaseball?I’mnotplayingbaseball.Nancyiswritingaletter.IsNancywritingaletter?Nancyisn’twritingaletter.They’relisteningtothepopmusic.Aretheylisteningthepopmusic?Theyaren’tlisteningtothepopmusic. 　1.形容词的用法：　　形容词用以修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征。在句中可以作定语、表语，用于限定被修饰语的特征，如长短、大小、重量、颜色、高矮、胖瘦、新旧等，。　　Thelittlegirlisverypretty.这个小女孩很好看。　　--Iwantthatone.我想要那个。　　--Whichone?哪一个？　　--Thenewblueone.那个蓝色新的。　　CanIhavealookatthebigniceone?我能看一看那个大的漂亮的吗？　　2、人称代词：　　是用来表示人的代词，有单数和负数之分，有主格和宾格之分。人称代词的主格在句中作主语；人称代词的宾格在句中作宾语，是作动词或介词的宾语。　　   主格：I,we,you,he,she,it,they在句子中作主语　　   宾格：me,us,you,him,her,it,them在句子中作宾语　　HeandIareinthesameclass.我和他在同一个班级。　　Canyouseetheminthestreet?你能看见他们在街上吗？　　3、可数名词和不可数名词　　英语中名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。凡是可数计数的名词叫做可数名词；凡是不可以计数的名词叫做不可数名词。　　（1）可数名词分为单数和复数两种形式。可数名词前可以用不定冠词、数词或somemany等修饰。如：aman adesk  anapple anorange somebooks somechildren towpens　　（2）不可数名词没有复数形式，前面不能用不定冠词、数词或many等词语修饰，但可以用some alittle much等词语来修饰。有时可以与一些量词短语搭配，这些量词短语中的名词一般是可数的，有单数形式，也可以有复数形式。如：somewater  alittlemilk muchfood  apieceofbread towbottlesofink   someglassesofwater 　　4、祈使句　　祈使句用来表示请求、命令等，句中没有主语，肯定形式由谓语或者谓语+宾语（+宾语补足语）构成，否定形式则在句前加Don’t.　　Standup,please.请起立。   Don’tworry.别担心。　　can的用法：　　can是情态动词，表示“能，会，可以，被允许等”，其后接动词原形，否定形式为cannot，可缩写为can’t.　　ShecanspeakJapanese.她会讲日语。　　Ican’trememberhisname.我不记得他的名字了。　　Canyouspellyourname?你会拼写你的名字吗？　　5、现在进行时态：　　概念：表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作，也可以表示目前一段时间内或现阶段正在进行的活动。　　结构：由be动词(am,is,are)+动词ing构成，其中be动词要与主语保持性数一致。　　Maryisflyingakiteinthepark.玛丽正在公园里放风筝。　　--Whatareyoudoingnow?　你现在在干什么？　　--I’mreadingEnglish.我正在读英语。　　Aretheydrawingthepicturesnow?　他们正在画画吗？　　动词现在分词是动词原形变化而来的，规则变化如下：　　动词ing形式叫动词现在分词，其构成如下：　　1)直接在动词后加ing　　play—playing,do—doing,talk—talking,sing--singing 　　2)    以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，先去e，再加ing　　make—making,write—writing,have—having,take—taking　　3)    以重读闭音节结尾的动词且词尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写这个辅音字母，再加ing　　run—running,stop—stopping,put—putting,swim—swimming　　注意对现在进行时态的判断。判断一个英语句子用什么时态，主要看句子的时间状语，一般说来，每种时态都有与之相对应的时间状语。现在进行时表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作。因此，这个时态最常用的时间状语是now；但有不少句子并没有now，只能通过提示语如look、listen等或者通过上下文来确定用现在进行时。　　Sheiscleaningherroomnow.她正在打扫房间。　　Look!Thegirlisdancingoverthere.看！那个女孩在那里跳舞。　　  --Canyougoandplaygameswithme?你能和我们一起做游戏吗？　　     --Can’tyouseeIamdoingmyhomework?你没看见我正在做作业吗？　　6、have/has的用法：　　1)谓语动词have表示“有”，有两种形式：have和has，前者用于第一人称(I,we)，第二人称(you)和第三人称复数(they)，后者用于第三人称单数(he,she,it)或单数名词。　　 Ihaveanappleandhehastwobananas.我有一个苹果，他有两个香蕉。　　 YouhaveanewEnglishteacher.你们有了一个新的英语老师。　　 Ithastwobigeyes.它有一双大眼睛。　　 JulieandJackhaveanicecar.朱莉和杰克有一辆好看的车。　　2)have/has句型与therebe句型的比较：两者都表示“有”，但用法不同。前者表示所属关系，即表示“某人或某物有什么”，而后者表示存在，表示“某地有什么”。　　Theyhavesomenewbooks.他们有一些新书。　　  Therearesomenewbooksontheirdesks.他们桌子上有一些新书。 　　  Shehasalotofprettyskirts.她有很多漂亮的裙子。　　  Therearealotofprettyskirtsintheshop.商店里有很多漂亮的裙子。　　3)    have/has的否定句，一般要加助动词do/does，再加not构成，即donothave(don’thave)/doesnothave(doesn’thave)　　.Shedoesnothaveasister.她没有姐姐。　　Wedon’thaveanyclassesonSaturday.我们星期六没有课。　　AnnandIdon’thaveabigroom.我和安没有一个大房间。　　4)    一般疑问句由“助动词Do/Does+主语+have+宾语”构成，回答用Yes,…do/does.或者No,…don’t/doesn’t.　　--Doyouhaveabighouse?他们的房子大吗？　　  --No,theydon’t.不，他们的房子不大。　　--Doeshehaveaneraser?他有橡皮吗？　　--Yes,hedoes.他有的。　　   5)特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词+助动词do/does+have(+状语)构成。　　     Whatdotheyhave?他们有什么？　　Whatdoeshehave?他有什么？　　Howmanytelephonesdotheyhave?他们有几部电话？　　7、介词用法：　　1)    具体时间前介词用at。　　. Hegetsupathalfpastseveneveryday.他每天七点半起床。　　  Shegoestobedateleveno’clock.她十一点睡觉。　　2)    表示“在早上，在下午，在晚上”的短语中用介词in，且定冠词the不能省略；表示“在中午，在夜里”的短语中介词用at，不加冠词。 　　 inthemorning在早上，intheafternoon在下午，intheevening在晚上　　atnoon在中午，atnight在夜里　　3)    表示“在某天”、“在某天的上午、下午等”的短语用介词on。　　　　WhatdoyouusuallydoonMondaymorning?星期一上午你通常做什么？　　   DoyousometimesgoouttoeatonFridayevening?有时你星期五晚上出去吃饭吗？　　   HewatchesDVDsonSaturdaynight.星期六晚上他看DVD。　　   ParentstakechildrentoparksonJune1.六月一日，家长们带着孩子去公园。　　4)    在this,last,next,every等词前面既不加介词，也不用冠词。　　Whatareyoudoingthisafternoon?今天下午你做什么？　　  HevisitshisgrandmaeveryFriday.他每个星期五都去看望祖母。　　  SheisgoingtoShanghainextMonday.她下个星期一去上海。　　8、一般现在时　　一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作，或表示现在的特征或状态。　　其动词形式是：动词原形（只有第三人称单数作主语时除外，要加-s）其疑问句和否定句需要用助动词do或does　　1)    肯定句用行为动词原形表示　　Theygetupveryearlyeverymorning.他们每天早晨起来很早。　　  Ivisitmygrandparentsfourtimesamonth.我一个月去看望祖父母四次。　　2)    否定句用don’t+动词原形来表示　　WedonotgoshoppingonSundays.我们周日不去购物。　　  Idon’tthinkyoulikethiscolour.我想你不喜欢这个颜色。 　　3)    一般疑问句则是把助动词do提前至句首，后面动词用原形。回答时，肯定用“Yes,主语＋do”；否定句用“No,主语＋don’t”。　　–Dotheygotoschoolatseveno’clock?他们七点去上学吗？　　  --Yes,theydo.　　  --Doyoulikethisskirt?你喜欢这条裙子吗？　　  --No,Idon’t.不，我不喜欢。　　一般现在时用来表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与以下的时间状语连用：often经常，always总是，sometimes有时，usually通常，everyday/week每天/周等。　　Heusuallygoestoschoolbybike.通常他骑车上学。　　Ivisitmygrandparentseveryweek.我每个星期都去看祖父母。　　Sheisalwayslateforclass.她总是上课迟到。　　MyparentsandIsometimesgoouttoeat.我和父母有时出去吃饭。　　Itoftenrainshere.这儿常常下雨。　　主语为第三人称单数时的一般现在时　　一般现在时态，当主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词也要是第三人称单数，后要加-s或-es。　　Helikesreadingatnight.他喜欢夜里读书。　　  Sheusuallygoestoschoolbybike.她平时骑车上学。　　  Thelittlecatdrinksmilkeveryday.小猫每天都喝牛奶。　　转换成否定句要加doesn’t，其后的动词用原形。　　Kellydoesn’tgetupearlyonSaturdaysandSundays.凯丽星期六星期天起床不早。　　  Hedoesn’tfeelwelltoday.他今天感觉不舒服。 　　转换成一般疑问句，句首用Does，其后的动词用原形。　　Doeshehavelunchatschool?他在学校吃午饭吗？　　Doesittakelongbytrain?乘火车要很长时间吗？初一英语语法练习题Dec.2008I.be动词(用be动词的正确形式填空)1._______yourgrandmotherthinorchubby?2.Where______yourbookonsnakes?3.Where______mypencilcaseandmynotebook?4.There_____ninepeopleinmyfamily.5.---Howmuch______theexercisebookandthemagazine?----That_____ninetydollars.6.Ben______amiddleschoolstudent,andhisparents_____architects.7.Scottlikesactionmoviesbest.Hisfavoriteactors______JackieChanandJetLi.8.--Whatcolor_____yourshoes?--Black.9.--Hello.Myname_____Jack.Thisismyfriend.Hisname______Tom.--Nicetomeetyou.I_______Rick.10.______youstillalibrarian?No,I_______anaccountantnow.II.用a，an，the或者填空1)Thereis______wateronthefloor.2)Thereis___orangeon____desk.3)Whatdoyouknowabout_____pandas?4)Iwanttohave______chickenfordinner.5)Thereis_______fishinthebow.Look!Itcanswimveryfast.6)Thereis_____‘m’in‘climb’andthereis______‘u’in‘country’.7)Idon’tlike_______broccolibutIlike________apples.8)Mybrotheris______engineer,andmysisteris_______executivenow.9)Idon’tlike_______movie.It’sboring.10)______Jenny’sbirthdayisNov.12th.11)--Let’sgoandplay______chess.--Sorry,I’mafraidIcan’t.It’stimeformetoplay______piano.12)Heusuallyhashis______breakfastat7:00amandgoesto______schoolat7:30.III.选择正确的介词填空inafteronforatwithtobehindofby1.Myfamilyoftenbuyclothes_____HuaXingstore_____weekends.2.Canyouhelpthechildren_____English?Youmaycome_____ourclub.3.I’mlooking_____somepresents.Theseshopsmayhavemanykinds_____things_____sale. Saveyourmoneytillthen!4.Howmanycitiesarethere______Greece?--Idon’tknow.5.Look,thebirdsare_____thetree!6.Whenisherbirthday?Ican’tremember…It’s_____January.7.Mr.Greenalwaysgoestowork______bus.Hehastogetup_____6o’clock_____themorning.8.Comeon!I’mhungry.Whatdowehave_____dinner?9.Don’teatandread_____night.Thatisbad_____yourhealth.10.Comeandsee____yourself____Wendy’sstore!11.Welive_____London.Howaboutyou?Wheredoyoucome_____?12._____Sundaymorning,Iusuallysleeplate_____home.13.JackisshorterthanSam,butJackissitting_________Sam.14.Hereisaphoto________yourfamily.15.Therearen’tmanypeople______thetrain________fiveo’clock______themorning.IV.写出下列名词的复数形式1)Cemetery________2)tooth_______3)country______4)month________5)sandwich_______6)brush_______7)candybar______8)kangaroo______9)man________10)day_______11)watch_______12)photo________13)orange________14)dictionary_______15)tomato_______16)dollar_________17)peach_______18)strawberry______19)church______20)child_________V.用动词的正确形式填空1.You______fromIndia.Brian_____fromKorea.AndI_____fromChina.(be)2.I______ChineseandEnglish.Brian_______German,ChineseandEnglish.(speak)3.George________fromItalybuthe_______spaghettiverymuch..(come,like)4.Penguins_______inAntarctica.It’scold,sonopeoplewant__________there.(live)5.Themovieisveryscary.I__________itisagoodmovieforkids.(think)6.--CanI_____yourdictionary?--Iamsorry.MydictionaryisathomebutIthinkMary_____one.(have)7.Weareinthemusicclub.Tom__________thepiano.MichaelandDiana__________theviolin.I__________theguitar.(play)8.The1stclass_____(start)at8:00o’clockandit_____(be)overat8:40.9.Hismotherisateacher.She______(teach)Chineseinourschool.10.Iusually______(come)totheclassroomat7:00am.Buthealways______(come)toschoolat7:50am.11.Juliaalways______(go)shoppingbycar.Butsometimesshe______(take)abus.12.---______(Do)yourfatherusuallyhelpyouwithyourhomework?---Yes,he______(do).13.He______(notgo)homeonweekends.Sohealways______(wash)clothesbyhimself.14.Peter______(speak)Englishverywell.Hecanalso______(speak)FrenchandGerman.15.David______(notplay）football.Heonly______(watch)thefootballgamesonTV.16.MybrotherandI______(want)togotoseeanactionmovie.______(do)youwanttogo?17.Myuncle_______(notneed)acalculator.18.---________(Do)Peterhaveabaseball? ---Yes,he_____(do),andhe________twobaseballbats.8.Mum,canyou______(take)metothetennisclub?9.---MayIhelpyou?---Yes,I________(look)forabookongardening.VI.句型转换练习Part1：单复数转换。1.Howmuchisthat?_______________________________________________________________2.Isyourunclebehindthearmchair?_______________________________________________________________3.Theygototheparkbybus._______________________________________________________________4.TherearebusestoManchestereveryday._______________________________________________________________5.Akangaroocanjump30kilometersanhour._______________________________________________________________6.Herearesomegoodnewspapers._______________________________________________________________7.Theycan’twalk._______________________________________________________________8.Shedoesn’thaveanorangehat.___________________________________________________________9.Theyarearmyofficers._______________________________________________________________10.Babykoalabearsaren’tverybigbutadultpolarbearsareverystrong._______________________________________________________________Part2：将下列句子改为一般疑问句,并作肯定和否定两种回答。1.Ihaveadictionary.___________________________________________________________________________2.Therearealotofanimalsinthezoo.___________________________________________________________________________3.Hedoeshishomeworkatnight.___________________________________________________________________________4.Dogsliveinallpartsoftheworld.___________________________________________________________________________5.GreenfieldisasmallvillageinEngland.___________________________________________________________________________ Part3：将下列句子改为否定句。1.ThereisaveryhighwaterfallinVenezuela._______________________________________________________________2.Egypthasaverylongriver._______________________________________________________________3.Shedoesherhomeworkeveryday._______________________________________________________________4.Icometoschoolbybus._______________________________________________________________5.Shecanswimverywell._______________________________________________________________Part4：对划线部分提问。1.Thereisoneradiointhelivingroom._______________________________________________________________2.Thelibraryisbehindthepolicestation._______________________________________________________________3.Babykoalabearsareonly2centimeterstall._______________________________________________________________4.Theycanjumpandswim._______________________________________________________________5.Youcancheckoutthree._______________________________________________________________6.PeterdoeshishomeworkwithMary._______________________________________________________________7.KangaroosliveinAustralia._______________________________________________________________8.VeraandHillarycomefromEngland._______________________________________________________________9.He’sbuyingbananasatthestore._______________________________________________________________10.Theyaresecretaries.__________________________________________________________Part5：综合句型练习:1.MyfriendTomusuallygoestoseeactionmoviesonweekends.(就画线部分提问)2.Tomhasaredjacketandabluesweater.(就画线部分提问)3.Mom’skeysareinthedrawer.(就画线部分提问)4.Theyellowhatis10dollars.(就画线部分提问) 2.Mygrandfatherlikesdocumentaries.(改为否定句)3.Mymotherusuallygoestoseeactionmovies.(改为一般疑问句,并做否定回答)4.Isitaredtomato?(改为复数句)5.Thatismyfamilyphoto.(改为复数句)初一英语语法习题及答案1()1-Haveyougotsomewatertodrink?-Hereyouare.There___stillsomeinthebottle.A.areB.wereC.isD.was()2_____theremanyAmericanfriendsintheschoollastFriday?A.IsB.WasC.AreD.Were()3There____agreatmanyaccidentslastyear.A.wereB.areC.isD.was()4-Howmanychildren____inthepicture?-Three.A.hasthereB.isthereC.havethereD.arethere2()1In1850,aboutathirdofU.S.A___coveredbyforests. A.wereB.hasbeenC./D.was()2Mostofourearth____coveredbywater.A.areB.isC.wasD.were()3Sunday____thefirstdayoftheweek.A.isB.areC.amD.be()4Neither___right.A.answersareB.answersaren"tC.answerisD.answerisn"t3()1Thepopulationoftheworld____still____now.A.has;grownB.will;growC.is;growingD.isgrown()2There____manypeoplerunningintheparkeverymorning.A.isB.wereC.areD.have()3Thesepoliceoften___thechildrenacrossthestreet.A.helpB.helpsC.helpingD.ishelping4 ()1___goingtoEnglandbyairnextweek.A.TheGreenfamilyareB.TheGreensfamilyareC.TheGreen"sfamilyareD.Greenfamilyare()2Thewholefamily____enjoyingthebeautifulmusicnow.A.isallB.allisC.allareD.areall()3Ourclass___big.A.isB.areC.wereD.will5()1NeitherhenorI____fromCanada.WearefromAustralia.A.isB.areC.amD.be()2Eitheryouorhe____right.A.areB.isC.doesD.were()3NeitherMarynorherbrother____goodatsinging.A.isB.areC.isnotD.arenot()4NotonlyTombutalsoAliceandMary____busy. A.isB.wasC.areD.has6()1Physics___interestingtous.A.areB.hasC.isD.were()2Thenews____exciting.Wegotexcitedatit.A.isB.wasC.wereD.are()3Thoughmathematics____hard,weallworkatithard.A.areB.wereC.wasD.is参考答案1.1-4CDAD2.1-4DBAC3.1-3CCA4.1-3ADA5.1-4CBAC6.1-3CBD 2.冠词的练习Choosethebestanswer（选择最佳答案）:1.Thereis_______houseinthepicture.Thereis________oldwomannear_________house.A.an;a;theB.a;an;theC.the;a;anD.a;the;an2.Hehasalreadyworkedfor______hour.A.theB.anC.aD.不填3.Aliceisfondofplaying______piano.A.theB.anC.aD.不填4.Beyond____stars,theastronautsawnothingbut_____space.A.不填；theB.the;theC.不填，不填D.the;不填5.______terribleweatherwe`vebeenhavingthesedays!A.HowaB.WhataC.HowD.What6.------WhereisJack?------Ithinkheisstillin______bed,buthemightjustbein______bathroom.A.不填；不填B.the;theC.the;不填D.不填;the7.Whendoyouhave_____breakfasteveryday?A.aB.anC.theD.不填8.Manypeoplearestillin_____habitofwritingsillythingsin______publicplaces.A.the;不填B.不填;theC.the;theD.不填;不填参考答案：1.B2.B3.A4.D5.D6.D7.D8.A用所给词的正确形式填空。1. We often_____play______(play) in the playground.2. He ____gets_____(get) up at six o’clock.3. ______do____you ___brush______(brush) your teeth every morning.4. What   does     (do) he usually  do     (do)after school?   He usually  does     (do)  his      (he) homework. 5.  Jim  studies        (study) English,Chinese,Maths,Science and Art an school.6.  Mike sometimes ____goes____(go) to the park with his sister7.  At eight at night, she __watches________(watch) TV with his parents.8.   ____Does____ Mike____read____(read) English every day?9.  How many lessons____does_____your classmate___have_____(have) on Monday?10. What time_____does____his mother____do_____(do) the housework? 改句子1.     Do you often play football after school?  (肯定回答)                     Yes ,Ido .                                2.     I have many books. （改为否定句）                  I don"t have many books                                     3.                    Gao Shan’s sister likes playing table tennis.（改为否定句）     Gao Shan"s sister doesn"t like playing table tennis                                         （改为一般疑问句）     Does Gao Shan’s sister like playing table tennis  ?                                                            4.     She lives in a small town near New York.   （改为否定句   She doesn"t  live  in a small town near New York                                                                   （改为一般疑问句）    Does she live in a small town near New York ?                                            (划线提问)     Where does she live  near New York ?                                           5.  I watch TV every day.（改为否定句）     I don"t watch TV every day                                               （改为一般疑问句）     Do you watch TV every day?                                                (划线提问)      What do you do very day?                                                 6.       Mingming usually waters the flowers every day（用every day换成 now）                                                           （用every day换成last week）                                                            7.       Su Yang usually washes some clothes on Saturday. 否定句：       Su Yang  doesn"t    usually wash some clothes on Saturday                                                     一般疑问句:            Does Su Yang  usually  wash some clothes on Saturday?                                              划线提问:      What does Su Yang usually do  on Saturday?                                                    8Tom does his homework at home否定句:     Tom doesn"t do his homework at home                                                                                一般疑问句:     Does Tom do his homework at  home?                                                   划线提问：     What does Tom do at home ?