高考英语语法精练及解析（名词之一） 8页

高考英语语法精练及解析（名词之一）1.“Whycouldn’ttheymeetusatfiveo’clock?”“Becausetheyweredelayedby_______.”A.heavytraffic　B.heavytrafficsC.crowdedtrafficD.crowdedtraffics2.Infact,_______onecausethatleadstotheproblem.A.cattleisB.cattleareC.cattlesareD.thecattlesare3.Byall______,youmusttryevery______tohelphim.A.mean,meanB.means,meansC.means,meanD.mean,means4.Jimis______person,andeveryoneiswillingtobe______withhim.A.sokinda,friendsB.soakind,friendsC.sokinda,friendD.soakind,friend5.Wealreadyhave______pencils,butweneedtwo______pens.A.dozenof,dozenB.dozensof,dozensC.dozensof,dozenD.dozensof,dozenof6.---MayItakeyourordernow?---We’dlikethreeblack_____andtwogreen______.A.coffee,cupsofteasB.coffees,teasC.cupsofcoffee,teaD.cupofcoffees,teas7.Jimwaslatefortwoclassesthismorning.Hesaidthatheforgotbothofthe______.A.roomsnumberB.roomnumberC.room’snumbersD.roomnumbers8.---Hello,I’dliketospeaktoHenry.---Oh,which_______?Therearetwo______inouroffice.A.Henrys,HenrysB.Henries,HenriesC.Henry,HenrysD.Henrys,Henries9.Woulditbepossibletomakean______inadvancehavemyhaircuttomorrow?A.appointmentB.arrangementC.scheduleD.engagement10.Thetraditional_________todealingwithcomplexproblemsistobreakthemdownintosmaller,moreeasilymanagedproblems.A.approachB.meansC.methodD.way11.Shefulfilledher____tobecomethefirsttorunthe10,000meterswithin30minutes.A.ambitionB.amusementC.appreciationD.assessment12.Don"tbediscouraged!Afterall,youcan"tsucceedineverythingatyourfirst_______. A.adjustmentB.intervalC.effortD.attempt13.Inordertochangesomecompanies"_______towardshiringwomencollegegraduates,thegovernmentplanstopassalaw.A.viewsB.rulesC.attitudesD.methods14.Thejournalistreceivedhonorsand_______forherexcellentwork.A.wordsB.newsC.giftsD.awards15.Notonlytheprofessionalplayers,butalsothe_________oneswillbenefitfromthenewtrainingfacilities.A.amateurB.talentedC.expertD.academic16.Poorhealthandlackofmoneymaybothbe________toeducationalprogress.A.bombsB.bordersC.bottomsD.barriers17.We"dliketotradewithanycountryonafriendlyandequal_________.A.basisB.basementC.baseD.basic18.---Johnsaidheearnedabigsumofmoneyduringthesummervacation.---Really?Don"tyouthinkhiswordsarebeyond_________?A.surpriseB.beliefC.imaginationD.understanding19.SinceMr.Jacksonwasmadepresidentoftheresearchcenter,theyhavemadeagreat________inthestudyofthedisease.A.progressB.effortC.breakthroughD.contributionThefirefightertookadeep_______beforerunningintothefire,butwiththehousefilledwithsmoke,hesoonfoundithardto_______.A.breathing;breathB.breathe;breathC.breathing;breatheD.breath;breathe21.Unwillingto_______hischildren,theoldcouplemovedtothenursinghome.A.beburdenedwithB.beburdenedbyC.beaburdenwithD.beaburdenon22.Thecriminalalwayspaid______cashsothepolicecouldnottrackhimdown.A.inB.byC.onD.for23.WecanseeclearlythatviolenceonTVwillhavebad_______onyoungsters"behavior.A.causeB.influenceC.resultD.factor24.Don’t__________chancesbydrivingtoofast.A.makeB.takeC.haveD.give25.Thegood________ofthisyoungmanwasseenatitsbestwhenberiskedhislifetosavetheboyfromwater.A.characterB.talentC.wealthD.influence 26.Whata(n)________IwasthinkingaboutRoywhenhisletterarrived!A.coincidenceB.accidentC.incidentD.chance27.Acarhadahead-on________withatruckonthehighwayyesterday,killing2andinuring3.A.contestB.collisionC.conflictD.contrary28.Hedoesn’twanttogetmarriedbecauseheisafraidofany_________.A.committeesB.promisesC.ceremoniesD.commitments.29.Nowmedicalauthoritiesexpresstheir________abouttheeffectofsmokingonthehealth.A.considerationB.attentionC.beliefD.concern30.---Whatconclusionwillyou_________?---Ithinkmostofthegoodsareofhighquality.A.seeB.makeC.drawD.find31.Living_______shouldbeimprovedastheyareoutof________.A.condition;conditionB.conditions;conditionsC.conditions;conditionD.condition;conditions32.Thereisalways_________betweendoingwhatyouwanttoanddoingwhatyououghtto.A.contrastB.conflictC.conclusionD.confusion33.Ifyouinsistoncarryingoutthisexperimentyouwillhavetoanswerforthe________.A.conclusionsB.coincidencesC.complimentsD.consequences34.Youmusttakeeverythinginto_________beforeyoudoadifficulttask.A.considerB.consideringC.considerationD.considered35.Theprojectunder_______inthecitywillbecompletedattheendofthismonth.A.controlB.constructionC.discussionD.repair36.DavidlovesJuliebuthecan"tgetupenough________toaskhertomarryhim.A.courageB.virtueC.emotionD.strategy37.---HowmuchmustIpayforthe________?---Theyorderedyoutopay500________totherestaurant.A.damage;damageB.damages;damagesC.damage;damagesD.damages;damage38.ThenewapplicationprogramcankeepyouwithtimelyinformationfromtheInternet.A.infashionB.outoffashionC.uptodateD.outofdate39.Iknowteachersare_______inWesternChinaandI______goingtothewesttoteachaftergraduation.A.inuse;feellikeB.inneed;hopeforC.indemand;dreamofD.inshort;amfondof 40.---Wherewouldyouliketohaveyourdinner,inaFrenchrestaurantorinaChineseone?---Itmakes_______tomeaslongaswecanchatwhilehavingdinner.A.nodifferenceB.nosenseC.muchdifferenceD.muchsense41.Makesureyoureadthe_____beforeusinganypieceofelectricequipment.A.conditionsB.directionsC.situationsD.applications42.Doyouknowtheman_________wearingabluejacket?A.inthedistanceB.atadistanceC.outofsightD.inthesight43.Therewasno______inhermindthatRickwasinnocentofCoughlin"smurder.A.wonderB.needC.pointD.doubt44.Theconferencewasheldtodiscusstheeffectthattourismhas_____thewildlifeinthearea.A.inB.onC.atD.with45.Anambulancemusthavepriorityasitusuallyhastodealwithsomekindof________.A.dangerB.emergencyC.riskD.edge高考英语语法精练及解析（名词之一）解析1.【解析】答案为A。表示“交通拥挤”，英语通常说heavytraffic。 2.【解析】答案为B。cattle(牲畜，牛)为集合名词，它表示复数意义，若用作主语，谓语要用复数。3.【解析】答案为B。byallmeans为习语，意为“一定”、“尽一切办法”；在表示“方式”、“方法”时，means是一个单复数同形的名词。means用作主语时，其谓语的数需根据句意来确定。比较：Allpossiblemeanshavebeentried.所有可能的办法都已经试过了。Everypossiblemeanshasbeentried.每种可能的办法都已经试过了。4.【解析】答案为A。sokindaperson相当于suchakindperson；befriendswith是习语,意为“与…友好”、“跟…做朋友”（=makefriendswith）。这类短语中的名词总是用复数，即使句子主语为单数也是如此。如：Heisfriendswithme.他与我是朋友。5.【解析】答案为C。当dozen与具体数字连用时，既不加复数词尾-s，也不后接介词of；表示不确定的泛指数时，不仅要加复数词尾-s，而且要后接介词of；当与afew,several等数目不很具体的词连用时，加不加复数词尾-s均可，但需注意：不加复数词尾-s时，其后的介词of可以省略；加词尾-s时，其后介词of不能省略；当它后面的名词受the,these,those等特指限定词修饰时，或其后的接的是us,them这样的人称代词时，则此时必须用介词of。score,hundred,thousand,million等也具有以上类似用法。6.【解析】答案为B。coffee既可用作不可数名词，表示“咖啡”这种物质，也可用作可数名词，表示“一杯咖啡”，在口语中threecoffees=threecupsofcoffee。同样，“三杯茶”既可说成threecupsoftea=threeteas；三杯啤酒threeglassesofbeer=threebeers。7.【解析】答案为D。room为无生命名词，不用room’s这样的所有格形式，在此可直接用名词作定语。8.【解析】答案为C。专有名词通常没有复数形式，但在这里是特殊情况。注意：以“辅音字母+y”结尾的专有名词，其直接加词尾-s。9.【解析】答案为A。appointment“约会”，“预约”；arrangement“排列，安排”；schedule“时间表，进度表”；engagement“婚约，诺言”。句意为：我可不可以提前预约明天来理发?10.【解析】答案为【解析】答案为A。approach意为“方法；途径”，后常接介词to短语。其它选项后常接todosth.或ofdoingsth.。句意为：解决复杂问题的传统方法是把它们分解为更小的、更容易处理的问题。11.【解析】答案为A。她实现了她的梦想。Ambition：雄心，志向；amusement：娱乐；appreciation：欣赏；assessment：评价；看法。12.【解析】答案为D。据题意可知劝告对方“第一次尝试不可能一切都成功”。atone’sfirstattempt在某人第一次尝试时。而adjustment调整；interval间隔；effort努力，均与题意不符。13.【解析】答案为C。句意:为了改变公司在雇佣女大学毕业生问题上的态度…。attitude常与介词towards/to连用。viewabout/onsth.对…的看法;rule规章,条例;methodof/for…的方法。14.【解析】答案为D。句意为：这位记者因为工作出色获得了荣誉和奖品。award意为“奖品”。 15.【解析】答案为A。amateur业余的；talented天才的，有天分的；expert熟练的，内行的；academic学术的。professionalplayer职业运动员，与之相对应的为amateurplayer业余运动员。16.【解析】答案为D。bomb炸弹；border边界；bottom底部；barriers障碍；根据句子的前因后果，只能填入barriers一词。【译文】卫生差和缺钱都会阻碍教育的进程。17.【解析】答案为A。ona...basis在…的基础上，根据…的原则。basement地下室；base基础，底部，基地；basic基本的。18.【解析】答案为B。beyondbelief难以置信，与整个语境（表示怀疑）相符。19.【解析】答案为C。makeabreakthroughin...在…方面取得重大进展。makeprogress取得进步，其中progress是不可数名词；makeaneffort试图…，后常接介词at或towards短语；makeacontributionto...对…做出贡献。【解析】答案为D。breath为名词，takeadeepbreath深深地吸了一口气。breathe为动词。21.【解析】答案为D。beaburdenon/tosb.意思是“是某人的负担”，beburdenedwith/bysth.意思是“肩负……重担”。22.【解析】答案为A。这个罪犯总是用现金来支付，所以警察不能追捕到他。在英语中用现金支付时，用payincash。23.【解析】答案为B。cause意为“原因”；influence意为“影响”；result意为“结果”；factor意为“因素”。havebadinfluenceonsb.意为“对某人有不良影响”。句意：我们可以清楚地看到，电视暴力将对青少年的行为有不良影响。24.【解析】答案为B。句意为“不要冒险将车开得太快。”takechances碰碰运气；冒险，与句意相吻合。25.【解析】答案为A。句意：当这位年轻人冒着生命危险把孩子从水中救出时最能看出他的优秀品质，character此处作“性质，品格”讲。26.【解析】答案为A。coincidence意为“巧合”。accident意外事件,事故；incident事件,事变；chance机会。Whatacoincidence!真是太巧了!句意为：多巧呀，我正想着罗伊，他的信就到了。27.【解析】答案为B。contest：竞赛；collision：碰撞；conflict：冲突；contrary：相反。28.【解析】答案为D。他不想结婚,因为他害怕承担任何责任。committee委员会；promise许诺；ceremony仪式；commitments指责任,义务。29.【解析】答案为D。现在医学界权威人士对吸烟给人体造成的危害表示关注。concern表示“关心，挂念,挂念”；consideration表示“考虑，思考，体贴”；attention表示“注意”；belief表示“相信，信念”。30.【解析】答案为C。drawaconclusion为固定搭配，意为“得出结论”。31.【解析】答案为C。condition作“条件”解时为可数名词，condition作“状态一状况”解时，为不可数名词。outofcondition意为“状况欠佳”。 32.【解析】答案为B。conflict冲突，矛盾；contrast对照；conclusion结论；confusion混乱。根据题意应该是“想做的和该做的之间总是有冲突（conflict）”。33.【解析】答案为D。句意：如果你坚持要做这个实验，你就必须对它的后果负责。answerfor对……负责；consequence结果，后果，常指不良的后果。conclusion结论；coincidence巧合；compliment称赞，恭维。34.【解析】答案为C。在你做一件艰难的工作时一定要把一切都考虑在内。take…intoconsideration：把…考虑在内。35.【解析】答案为B。underconstruction在建设中；undercontrol在控制之下；underdiscussion在讨论中；underrepair在修理中。句意：这项正在建设中的工程将于这个月底完成。36.【解析】答案为A。courage勇气，getupcourage鼓起勇气。virtue道德上的优点；emotion感情；strategy策略。只有A项符合句意。37.【解析】答案为C。damage作“损坏；损失”讲时，是不可数名词；damages的意思是“损害赔偿金”。38.【解析】答案为C。根据句中的关键词“new”和“timely”的暗示可知，“新的应用程序可以让你得到最新的资讯”，uptodate意为“最新的”；outofdate意为“过时的”；infashion意为“流行的”；outoffashion意为“过时的；不流行的”。39.【解析】答案为C。我知道中国西部需求教师，我梦想毕业后去西部教书。sb.beindemand…被需求；dreamofdoingsth梦想做某事。40.【解析】答案为A。makeno/muchdifferencetosb.对…没有什么/有很大的影响。makenosense对…没有意义；makemuchsense有意义，有道理。根据答话者后面所说“只要我们在吃饭时能聊天”可知去哪个餐馆没有什么差别。41.【解析】答案为B。在使用任何电器之前一定要仔细阅读说明指导。conditions：条件directions：说明，指导；situations：形式；applications：申请；应用。42.【解析】答案为A。inthedistance意为“在远处”；outofsight意为“看不见”。43.【解析】答案为D。Thereisnodoutthat...意为“毫无疑问…”。Itisnowonderthat...难怪…；Thereisnoneedtodosth.没有必要做某事；Thereisnopointindoingsth.做某事没有作用或没有意义。44.【解析】答案为B。句意：召开本次会议是为了讨论本地的旅游业对该地野生生物的影响。haveaneffecton对…有影响。在本题中theeffect为先行词，that为关系代词，其后tourism...area作theeffect的定语从句。45.【解析】答案为B。救护车应该享有优先权，因为它总是要处理突发事件。emergency表示“紧急情况，突发事件，紧急事件”;danger表示“危险”。risk表示“冒险”。edge表示“边沿”。