英语语法专题讲练：名词性从句 7页

英语语法专题讲练：名词性从句一.概念名词性从句共有四种:主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句和同位语从句二.相关知识点精讲1．主语从句：主语从句在整个句子中作主语。(1)不同于其它的连词，它不充当句子的成分，只是单纯的连接词，通常不可以省略。分句置于句首时，that绝对不可以省略。Thatthedrivercouldnotcontrolhiswarwasobvious.Itwasobviousthatthedrivercouldnotcontrolhiscar.(2)if不能用在主语从句中，而是用whetherWhetherheleft(ornot)isunknown(3)当主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用第三人称单数，下面这个句型例外。Whatweneedismoretimeandmoney.Whatweneedaremanymorebooks.2.表语从句：表语从句出现在系动词后，充当表语。Thetroubleisthatweareshortofmoney.Goandgetyourcoat.It’swhereyouleftit.(1)引导表语从句除了上述三类词外还有because,asif/asthough等等Thereason(why/forwhich…..)isthat……It/This/Thatisbecause……(2)连系动词“appear,look,seem”的两个常用句型Itseems/appearsthat….Itlooks/seemsasif/asthough……(与事实相符用陈述语气，与事实相反用虚拟语气)(3)as也可以引导表语从句Thingsarenotalwaysastheyseemtobe3.宾语从句：及物动词，形容词和介词后加宾语从句作其宾语。(1)宾语从句时态与主句相呼应，但宾语从句表示的是客观真理或普遍现象除外Theteachertoldusthattheearthmovesaroundthesun(2)连词whether和if可以互换，但注意下列情况连词后紧跟ornot时用whether Iwanttoknowwhetherornottheywillcome.作介词宾语是用whether引导宾语从句Hewasinterestedinwhetherhesawherthere.连接词后直接加不定式，不能用if只能用whetherHedoesn’tknowwhethertostayornot.如果宾语从句是否定时，一般用if引导Icareifhewillnotattendthemeeting.(1)当宾语从句后带宾补时，要用“主语+谓语+it+宾补+that-clause,that不可省略Ithinkitcertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.(2)当主语是I,we，主句用think,believe,suppose,expect,imagine五个动词时，用否定转移Idon’tthinkhewillwinthegame,willhe?(3)that在宾语从句常可以省略，但由and或but连接两个或多个宾语从句时，仅可以省略第一个连词thatHesaid(that)hehadeatennothingbutthathewasn’thungry.(4)注意区别if引导的宾语从句和条件状语从句Idon’tknowifhewillcome.Ifhecomes,I’llletyouknow.4.同位语从句，在句中作某些名词的同位语，对前面的名词进一步说明。用在下列名词fact,news,idea,hope,believe,hope,thought,doubt.truth,order,suggestion,wordetc.(1)Thereisnodoubtthathewillcome.Thereisdoubtwhetherhewillcome.WordcamethatNapoleonwouldcometoinspectthem.Thereisnopossibilitythat….(2)that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别：在同位语从句中：that不可以省略，不作成分;定语从句的关系代词that在定语从句作成分，作宾语时可以省略Weareinterestedinthenewsthatsomeforeignerswouldvisitourschool.Weareinterestedinthenewsthathetoldus.when,where引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别：在定语从句中，when,where前有分别表示时间、地点的先行词；而在同位语从句中无此对应关系Theyhavenoideaatallwherehehasgone.(同位语从句)Goandgetyourcoat.It’sintheplacewhereyouleftit.(定语从句) 5.疑问词-ever既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，而nomatter+疑问词只能引导让步状语从句NomatterwhereIgo,myheartistowardsChina.Ibelieverwhateverhesays.Whateverhesays,Iwillneverbelievehim.who与whoever的区别who是“谁”的意思，表示具有疑问，who相当于anyonewho“无论谁”Whoeverleavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.Canyoutellmewhothatgentlemanis?6．当名词性从句缺少主语、宾语或表语时，引导词通常用what，它相当于。另外，有时具有感叹意义allthat,anythingthat或thething(s)thatWhatwecan’tgetseemsbetterthanwhatwehave.TomthoughtwhatabeautifulgirlMarywas.7.注意区分it作形式主语的主语从句与强调句强调句句型Itis/was+被强调部分+that,去掉Itis/was,that，句子仍然成立。Itisnaturalthattheyshouldhavedifferentviews.主语从句Itisonlylatelythathehadhadafamilyhimself.强调句Whatwasitthathewanted?Idon’tknowwhatitwasthathewanted.Itwasinthehotelwherehestayedthatwediscussedtheseriousproblem8.注意it作形式主语的主语从句和as引导非限制性定语从句引导的不同Itisknowntoallthattheearthisround.Asisknowntoall.theearthisround.三.巩固练习1．____hedoeshasnothingtodowithme.A.whateverB.NomatterwhatC.ThatD.If2.Themanagercameoverandaskedthecustomerhow____A.didthequarrelcameaboutB.thequarrelhadcomeaboutC.hadthequarrelcomeaboutD.hadthequarrelcomeabout3.Energyis____makesthingwork..A.whatB.somethingC.anythingD.that4.Informationhasbeenputforward____moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as 5.Thisis___theshenzhouVSpaceshiplanded.A.thereB.inwhichC.whereD.when6.Theyhavenoideaatall____.A.wherehehasgoneB.wheredidhegoC.whichplacehashegoneD.wherehashegone7.Thedoctordidalottoreducethepatient’sfear____hewoulddieofthedisease.A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.ofthat8.Theordercame___thesoldiers____thesmallvillagethenextmorning.A.that;hadtoleaveB.that;shouldleaveC./;mustleaveD.when;shouldleave9.___isnopossibility____Bobcanwinthefirstprizeinthematch.A.There;thatB.It;thatC.there;whetherD.It;whether10.Thequestioncameupatthemeeting_____wehadenoughmoneyforourresearch.A.thatB.whichC.whetherD.if11.Is_____hesaidreallytrue?A.thatB.whatC.whyD.whether12.____themeetingshouldlasttwodaysorthreedaysdoesn’tmatter.A.ThatB.WhetherC.IfD.Where13.Itworriedherabit_____herhairwasturninggray.A.whileB.ifC.thatD.for14._____morecountriescanusenaturalenergyinthefutureremainstobeseen.A.WhetherB.ThisC.whoD.If15.____hewillgotoworkinamountainvillagesurprisesallofus.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhetherD.If16.____youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhoD.How17.____alltheinventionshaveincommonis____theyhavesucceeded.A.What;whatB.That;thatC.what;thatD.That;what18.____appearedtomethatheenjoyedthefoodverymuch.A.WhatB.ItC.AllthatD.That19.Itiswidely______thatsmokingcancausecancer. A.believedB.thinkC.sayD.hoped____causedtheaccidentisstillacompletemystery.A.WhatB.ThatC.HowD.Where21.____healwaysservesthepeopleverywellisknown.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Who22.____haspassedthetestwillgetaprize.A.WhoeverB.NomaterwhoC.WhomeverD.Who23.Is____truethatthefamousscientistwillgiveusalecturenextweek?AthatBitChisDhe24.Ithasnotbeendecided___theywillleaveforNewYork.A.whenBwhyCthatDwhat25.Obviously___wedomorningexerciseseveryday___usgood.A.thatdoB.if;doCwhat;doesD.that;dose26Itissaid________wasall___hesaid.Athat;that;thatBwhat;what;whatCthat;which;whatDthat;that;which27___getshomefirstistocookthesupper.A.WhoBWhomC.ThosewhoD.Whoever28___movedusmostwas___helikedaftertheoldmanformorethantwentyyears.A.That;thatB.What;thatCWhat;whatD.That;what29.___youdiditisnotknowntoall.A.WhoB.WhatC.HowD.Which30.___youdoshouldbewelldone.AHowB.ThatC.WhateverDWhy31.ThereasonIplantogois___shewillbedisappointedifIdon’t.A.becauseB.thatC.thankstoD.what32.Whattimedoyouthink__?A.willTomcomebackB.TomwillcomebackC.isTomcomingbackD.canTomgethere33.Theteachersaidthatlight___fasterthansound.A.HastraveledB.traveledC.hadtraveledD.travels34..___isstillaquestion___willwin. A.It;thatB.It;whoC.That;whoD.This;that35.Ifyouknow___itwasthatwriteATaleofTwoCities,raiseyourhand.A.whomB.whichC.whoD.that36.Insomecountries,___arecalled“publicschools”arenotownedbythestate.A.thatB.whichC.asD.what37.Thinking___youknow___infactyoudon’tisaterriblemistake.A.that;thatB.what;whatC.that;whatD.whatthat38.Whetherwayswillbefoundtostoppollutionornotisjust___worriesthepublic.A.whyB.whichC.thatD.what39.Whydon’tyoubring___tohisattentionthatyouaretoobusytodoit?A.thatB.whatC.thatD.it40.___DavidsayssoundsrighttoHelen.That’swhyshehasmadeuphermindtoleavewithhim___happens.A.whatever;whateverB.Nomatterwhat;whateverC.Nomatterwhat;NomatterwhatD.Whatever;however41.Thatis___Iwasbornandgrewup.A.ThereB.inwhichC.whereD.theplace42.___shewasinvitedtotheballmadeherveryhappy.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhenD.Because43.___wearedoinghasneverbeendonebefore.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.Whether44.---Haveyoufoundyourbookyet?---No,I’mnotsure___Icouldhaveleftit.A.whetherB.whereC.whenD.why45.Thedoctorcouldn’tanswerthequestion___thepatientcouldsurvivethatnight.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.what46.Ifirmlybelieve___hesaidatthemeetingwasright.A.thatB.whichC.thatwhatD.whatthat47.---Whatwereyoutryingtoprovetothepolice?---___Iwaslastnight.A.ThatB.WhenC.WhereD.What48.Ithink,thoughIcouldbemistaken,__helikedme. A.whoB.whichC.thatD.what49.Atthemeeting,wediscussed___weshouldemploymoreworkers.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD./50.After___seemedlikehourshecameoutwithabittersmile.A.whichB.itC.whatD.that四.答案1—5ABABC6—10AABAC11—15BBCAB16—CBAA21—25BABAD26—30ADBCC31—35BBDBC36—40DCDDA41—45CBBBC46—50CCCBC