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2011届中考英语语法复习-形容词、副词复习

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★精品文档★2011届中考英语语法复习:形容词、副词复习形容词、副词(一)知识概要形容词的用法很活跃,在英语中用处也很多,但英语中修饰可数名词和不可数名词的修饰语和词组有时不同,要特别加以注意。下面将初中学习阶段中遇到的修饰可数名词的词和词组归纳如下:any,no,several,soe,afew,alot,lots,plenty,plentyof,alotof,alargenuberof,enough。而修饰不可数名词的词或词组如下:uch,no,soe,alot,agreatdeal,lots,plenty,alotof,plentyof。其中soe,no,alotof,plentyof既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词。英语中形容词与副词有原级、比较级、最高级之分,其规则如下:构词法原级比较级最高级加er,或estTallyoungtalleryoungertallestyoungest2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★只加r或stnicelargenicerlargernicestlargest重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母时双写该字母加er、estbigfathotbiggerfatterhotterbiggestfattesthottest不规则变化的形容词或副词:原级比较级最高级goodbetterbest2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★Wellbetterbestbadworseworstbadlyworseworstanyoreostostoreostlittlelesslestfarfartherfurtherfarthestfurthestoldolderelderoldesteldest要注意的是许多形容词同时又是副词,如:bac,all,alone,either,far,high,slow等。而有些形容词则要经过一定变化才能转为副词,其规律如下:构词法形容词副词一般加lycarefulind2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★carefullyindly尾是y时将y变成i加lyHappybusyeasyHappilybusilyeasily其他trueterriblefullpossibleshywholetrulyterriblyfullypossiblyshylywholly2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★在学习过程中要注意其变化。此外并不是所有副词都可以修饰比较级和最高级形容词。能修饰比较级的有:uch,yet,far,still,agreatdeal,even和alittle.能修饰最高级的有:thevery,uchthe,far等。(二)正误辨析[误]Theyoungliesplayingfootballveryuch.[正]Theyounglieplayingfootballveryuch.[析]定冠词加形容词表示一类人,应作复数看待。而定冠词加形容词表示抽象事物时则要看作单数,如:Thebeautifulisnotalwaysindness.美丽并不总代表善良。[误]Thedangerhasgone,sotheworstareover.[正]Thedangerhasgone,sotheworstisover.[析]意为:”危险已经过去,最困难的状况已结束。”用定冠词加最高级形容词作主语时应看作单数形式。[误]Itisthegoldageoftheyoung.[正]Itisthegoldenageoftheyoung.[析]golden在英语中多用于比喻,如:goldenhair金发,guldenvoice金嗓子。而gold多用于表达金质的,如:agoldbar金条,agoldcoin金币,但goldfish金鱼例外。2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★[误]Sheisawarheartwoan.[正]Sheisawarheartedwoan.[析]英语形容词的构词法很多,其中之一是由形容词,或数词,加名词加ed构成,如:warhoarted热心肠的,whitehaired白毛的[误]Thereisanalivefishinthepool.[正]Thereisalivingfishinthepool.[析]在初中范围内所学到的以a字母开头的形容词一般不能作定语,只能作表语。如:Thefishisalive.(鱼还活着)这样的形容词有:alive,alie,alone,asleep,afraid,awae等。[误]Theillannearlydied.[正]Thesicannearlydied.[析]ill一般不作定语来形容某人有病,而要用sic,但作表语时则都可以。如:Heisillsic,ill作定语时则另有他意,如:illluc(厄运),illnature(天性恶劣),illteper(心绪不好)[误]Ihaveiportantsoethingtotellyou.[正]Ihavesoethingiportanttotellyou.[析]不定代词soething,anyone,soebody…2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★在用形容词修饰时,形容词应放其后。但要注意thing则不是不定代词,不符合上述规律。如:Ihaveaniportantthingtotellyou.[误]I’llbefreeonnextSunday.[正]I’llbefreenextSunday.[析]在表达将来时的时候:nextSunday,nextwee,nextyear或lastSundaylastwee,lastyear前都不加介词。[误]Thegirlistwoyearold.[正]Thegirlistwoyearsold.[正]Sheisatwoyearoldgirl[析]由连字符连接若干名词、数词……组成的形容词,在学习时要记住两点,其一是这些词中的名词都不要用复数形式,如:twothousandwordreport(两千字的报告);其二是这样构成的形容词只能作定语,即用于名词之前,而不能作表语。[误]Theforeignersliethoselittlebeautifulchinesepaintings.[正]Theforeignersliethosebeautifullittlechinesepaintings.2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★[析]在名词前若有几个形容词作修饰语时,其顺序如下。1.指示代词,定冠词2.数量词3.性质词4.大小5.形状6.老少,新旧7.颜色8.材料但要注意的是英语的习惯是一个名词前的形容词一般不要多于三个。如:Whataprettylittlewhitehorse!ThosefirstfewshortEnglishstorieswerenotdifficulttounderstand.[误]ThebestwaytolearnEnglishgoodistospeawithEnglishaneveryday.[正]ThebestwaytolearnEnglishwellistospeawithEnglishaneveryday.[析]good是形容词,这里是修饰动词spea的,所以应用副词well,但well作形容词讲时只作身体好。如:Heiswell.(他身体很好)。Heisgood.(他是个好人)。[误]Thechildrenplayonthegrassnappyly.[正]Thechildrenplayonthegrasshappily[析]多音节y结尾的形容词变为副词时应将y变为i再加ly.2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★[误]Theteacherlooedangryatthestudents.[正]Theteacherlooedangrilyatthestudents.[析]英语中感观动词后面要接形容词,这时它是修饰主语的,如:Thefoodsellsgood.食物闻起来很香。Theteacherlooedangry老师看起来很生气。而此句的意思为:”老师生气地看着学生”,所以应用副词形式。[误]Heworedwithefriendly.[正]Hewasfriendlytoe.[析]不是所有结尾是ly的词都是副词,但friendly是形容词,这样的词还有lovely,lonely,costly,lively…onthlyweely…。但其中有些词既是副词,又是形容词,如:early,hourly,onthly…[误]youcanspeafreeinfrontofyourfriends.[正]youcanspeafreelyinfrontofyourfriends.[析]free作为形容词意为”自由的,有空闲的,免费的”。作为副词讲则是”免费”之意。而freely作为副词则是”自由的,随便的”。这些要注意的词还有:hard努力,艰苦hardly几乎不late迟,晚lately最近的,最新的near近nearly几乎lie像liely几乎[误]Theyusthavearrivedtillnow.[正]Theyusthavearrivedbynow.2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★[析]bynow是用于表达到目前为止某一动作已经发生,所以应用瞬间动词。而tillnow是强调某一动作一直持续到现在,所以一定要用持续性动词。usthave+过去分词是对过去某一事情所作的肯定推测。[误]Soeonecalledyourightnow.[正]Soeonecalledyoujustnow.[析]justnow有两个意思,其一是”刚才”,其二是”现在”,而rightnow只能用于现在的状态。just则用于完成时态,如:Ihavejustfinishedyhoewor.[误]yfatherwillbebacfroAericaatpresent.[正]yfatherwillbebacfroAericapresently.[析]presently有两个意思:其一是最近,不久,其二在美语中是现在之意,与atpresent相同。而forthepresent为暂时,如:IteachEnglishintheschoolforthepresent.[误]I’llbebacattheoent.[正]I’llbebacinaoent.[析]attheoent其意为”现在,当时”,而inaoent意为”马上过一会”,与inainute意思相近。[误]ThetrainfroShanghaiwillarrivehereintie.[正]ThetrainfroShanghaiwillarrivehereontie.[析]ontie为”准时”,而intie有两个含意。其一是”及时”,如:Thedoctorarrivedintie。其二是”2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★将来,终究”。[误]Ietanoldfriendsoetieslastonth.[正]Ietanoldfriendsoetielastonth.[析]Soetie过去,或者将来某时。Soeties有时如:SoetiesIgotoschoolbybus.Soetie一些时间如:Ineedsoetietodoyhoewor.Soeties几次如:IwenttoShanghaisoetiesthisonth.atties有时,偶尔atallties经常soeothertie改天[误]Ihadetanoldfriendthreedaysago.[正]Ihadetanoldfriendthreedaysbefore.[正]Ietanoldfriendthreedaysago.*ago用在时间状语中时,主句中谓语动词一般用过去时,而before用于时间状语时则主句的谓语动词宜用完成时态。[误]Hestudiedveryhard.andattheendhepassedtheexa.[正]Hestudiedveryhard,andintheendhepassedtheexa.[析]intheend=atlast意为”最终,终于”2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★,表达经过若干努力而达到的结果。而attheend是在某事的结束时如何如何,如:Attheendofclass,theteachergaveussoestoryboos。[误]Iwillcoeheretohelpyoueachthreedays.[正]Iwillcoeheretohelpyoueverythreedays.[析]everythreedays为”每三天”,即每隔二天,而everyotherday为每隔一天。[误]Hedidn’tgotothecineayesterday.andIdidn’tgo,too.[正]Hedidn’tgotothecineayesterdayandIdidn’tgoeither.[析]英语中表示”也”,有4个字,also,aswell,too,either,但either用于否定句中,而前3个用于肯定句中。在肯定句中too与aswell一般要用在句尾,而also则可用于句中。如:Shewenttothepartyandherboyfriendwenttheretoo.又如:I’vealsoreadherothernovels.[误]Weshouldhelpthepoorgirlinanyway.[正]Weshouldhelpthepoorgirlinanyway.[析]anyway为”不管怎么”讲,”无论如何”,如:Whataterribleaccident,anywaynoonewashurt.anyway为”任何方式”。这种常见的错误还发生在以下几组词中,如:2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★everyday日常的everyday每天faraway遥远的faraway远离altogether总计alltogether一块,大家一起already已经allready全准备好了[误]youcancoetothedoctor’satanytie.[正]youcancoetothedoctor’satanytie.[析]anytie是副词而anytie中的tie是名词。[误]Shesaidnearlynothing.[正]Shesaidalostnothing.[析]nearly与alost的含意相近,在很多场合可以互换,但在否定词前用alost。[误]Therearetoouchistaesinyourhoewor.[正]Therearetooanyistaesinyourhoewor.[析]toouch后接不可数名词,如:Thereistoouchwaterfortheflowers.而tooany后加可数名词,uchtoo后面加形容词,如:ItisuchtoodifficulttolearnEnglishwell.[误]Itislateenoughthatwecangohoenow.[正]Itislateenoughforustogohoenow.[析]要注意的是enough后面一般不接从句而接不定式,或不定式的复合结构:forsoebodytodosoething。[误]Thetwinsareveryalie.2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★[正]Thetwinsareuchalie.[析]用a为首字母的形容词不能用very修饰,一般要用uch来修饰。[误]-Howlongdoeshewritetohisparents?-onceawee.[正]-Howoftendoeshewritetohisparents?-onceawee.[析]英文与中文表达法不同,隔多长时间办一次某事,实际上问的是该事发生的频率,所以要用howoften。[误]AssoonasIarriveinNewyor,I’llcallupyou.[正]AssoonasIarriveinNewyor,I’llcallyouup.[析]当动词词组的宾语是人称代词时则一定要放于动词之后,如果是名词则可以放在词组其后。如:IwanttowatchTV.PleaseturnontheTV.也可以讲:PleaseturntheTVon.[误]Hedrovequiclyhisnewcar.[正]Hedrovehisnewcarquicly.[析]副词在句中的位置很活,但主要有以下几种用法:①实意动词之前,如:Hequiclygiveetheanswer.②在be动词之后,如:Thelittleboyisoftenlateforclass.③第一助动词之后,如:Thisboohasalostbeenfinished.④2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★在单独使用的be动词和助动词之前,如:canyouhelpethisafternoon?Icertainlycan.但是无论如何也不能将副词置于动词与宾语之间,如果是宾语从句或是很长的名词词组作宾语则才可以这样用:Heheardclearlywhattheteachersaid.[误]Thechildrencaelateyesterdaytothecinea.[正]Thechildrencaelatetothecineayesterday.[析]表示一定长度的时间的副词不应放于句中,可放于句尾。如果表示强调则可放于句首。[误]youhavefewnewboos,haven’tyou?[正]youhavefewnewboos,haveyou?[析]英语中的数量形容词有两组。修饰可数名词的有few(很少,几乎没有),afew(有一些,几个);修饰不可数名词的有little(很少,几乎没有),alittle(有一点,有一些)。要注意的是当few和little用于句中时应看作否定句,而afew和alittle用于句中时则应看作是肯定句。[误]Hespentquitelittleoneyonhisfood.[正]Hespentquitealittleoneyonhisfood.[析]quitea为一固定用法,其意为”十分,相当,所以”。quiteafew=any,quitealittle=uch而onlyalittle=little,onlyafew=few.[误]Doyouwanttohaveanybread?2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★[正]Doyouwanttohavesoebread?[析]soe与any都可以用作形容词、副词或代词,在一般情况下,soe用于肯定句,any用于疑问句和否定句,但在希望得到肯定答复时,应用soe。其次是soe可以用来修饰可数名词和不可数名词。[误]Pleasetellewheretheshoesshopis?[正]Pleasetellewheretheshoeshopis.[析]在用名词作修饰词来修饰另一名词时,这个作修饰词的名词应用单数形式,如:ashoeshop鞋店afruitshop水果店abooshop书店apostoffice邮局apolicestation警察局abusstop汽车站[误]Heisweaatphysics.[正]Heisweainphysics.[析]在表达擅长于作某事时用begoodatsoething,而其反意词为bebadatsoething,但beweainsoething。[误]Thisdictionaryisworthtobuy.[正]Thisdictionaryisworthbuying.2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★[析]beworth后可接动、名词表达值得作某事,又可接价格、金钱表示值多少钱。[误]Don’tafraidofthat.[正]Don’tbeafraidofthat.[析]afraid在英文中是形容词而不是动词。这样的词组还有:beafraidof害怕becarefulof小心becertainof有把握,确定besureof确信begladof高兴besicof厌恶befondof喜欢[误]Theworhasalreadybeendonewell.[正]Theworhasalreadybeenwelldone.[析]well与badly作副词时,表示好坏,如果句子是被动语态,则应放在过去分词之前,如:Thisachinehasbeenbadlydaaged.如果句子是主动语态,则应放于句末,如:Ididyhoeworwell.[误]Weareyetintheclassroonow.[正]Wearealreadyintheclassroonow.[析]already主要用于肯定句,而yet多用于否定句和疑问句中,如:Didyoufinishit?No.notyet.[误]Loo.Herecoeshe![正]Loo!Herehecoes!2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★[误]Loo!Herethebuscoes![正]Loo!Herecoesthebus![析]在句子开头用Here时,如主语是人称代词则不要用倒装语序,如果主语是名词则要用倒装语序。[误]Sheisyoldersister.[正]Sheisyeldersister.[析]elder和eldest是用来指家庭中兄弟姐妹的长幼关系,而older,oldest则是指岁数大多少,如:SheisthreeyearsolderthanI.[误]I’tired.Ican’tgofurther.[正]I’tired.Ican’tgofarther.[析]far有两个比较级farther较远的,further进一步的,如:Doyouneedanyfurtherexplanation?你需要进一步的解释吗?当然它也有两个最高级。farthest和furthest.[误]IwenttoBeijingUniversityfiveyearsbefore.[正]IwenttoBeijingUniversityfiveyearsago.[析]ago常与过去时连用,而before则多与完成时连用。[误]-Haveyoufinishedyourhoewor?-No,notalready.[正]-Haveyoufinishedyourhoewor?2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★-No,notyet.[析]仍然有三个英文字可以表达它们是already,yet与still。要注意的是already经常用于肯定句中,如Thebushasalreadygone。而yet多用于疑问句和否定句中,如:Haveyoufinishedyourhoeworyet?而still则常用于主语与谓语动词之间,如:Westillcan’tdecidewhattodo.但也有时用于be动词之后,如:Heisstillhere.[误]HeisveryhigherthanIa.[正]HeisuchhigherthanIa.[析]uch可以用来修饰比较级,而very则用来修饰形容词原级,如:I’verytired.[误]-canIwaltothestation?-you’dbetternot.Itisveryfar.[正]-canIwaltothestation?-you’dbetternot,Itisalongway.[析]for一般用在疑问句与否定句中,如:Howfarisitfroheretothestation?又如:Itisn’tfar.[误]I’veeverbeentoAerica.[正]I’vebeentoAericaonce.[析]once多用于肯定句,而ever则用于疑问句,否定句,及条件状语从句中,如:HaveyoueverbeentoLondon?[误]-couldyoupasstheexathistie?2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★-No,Ianotafraidso.[正]-couldyoupasstheexathistie?-No,I’afraidnot.[析]在肯定的答语中我们可以用so来代替上句所讲的事件,如:Doyouthinsheisagoodstudent?yesIthinso,/Ihopeso,/Ibelieveso/I’afraidso.但在否定的答语中,英语口语的习惯用法则有所不同,如,Idon’tthinso而在hope,belive与afraid后则常用not,如:Ihopenot.[误]Shedidn’tworenoughhard,soshecouldn’tpasstheexa.[正]Shedidn’tworhardenough,soshecouldn’tpasstheexa.[析]enough可以作名词用,如:EnoughhasbeensaidforhowtolearnEnglishwell.(对于如何学好英语已经讲的足够多了。)另外它可以作为形容词,如:Ihaveenoughoney(oroneyenough)tobuythisdictionary.注意enough作为形容词时即可放于名词前又可放于名词后,在初中范围的考题中多用于名词之前。如果enough作为副词用,那么它一定要放在被修饰的形容词或副词之后。[误]youcan’tbeverycareful.[正]youcan’tbetoocareful.2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★[析]此句话的含意是你如何小心也不过分。too…to的用法是”太……以至于不能作某事”。但在实际应用时也常常将后面的to省去,如:Itistooexpensivefore.那对我来讲是太贵了。[误]Heisgoodpastfifty.[正]Heiswellpastfifty.[析]well作为副词用时除用于”好”之外还有”大大地、远远地”,等意。往往有人对下面两句的对或错有争议;Heiswell.Heisgood.其实这两句都是正确的表达法,只不过其含意不同。Heiswell是”他身体不错”,而Heisgood则为”他是个好人”。[误]Sheisnotashalfcleverasherbrother.[正]Sheisnothalfascleverasherbrother.[析]在as…as结构中要将修饰形容词的数量词倍数及nearly,alost,exactly…等置于第一个as之前。[误]HeissaeageasTo.[正]HeisthesaeageasTo.[析]thesae…as是固定的用法,其中定冠词the是不可省也不能换成别的词的。[误]otherandherdaughterareexactlylie.2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★[正]otherandherdaughterareexactlyalie.*lie作为介词,其意为”像”,应用于loolie,belie,soundlie,其后要加宾语。而alie是形容词,或副词,如:youandIthinalie.Thetwinsaredressedalie。但alie仅作表语而不能用于名词前作定语。[误]Whoistallerofthetwo?[正]Whoisthetallerofthetwo?[析]两者的比较级之前要加定冠词。[误]IhavelessboosthanTo.[正]IhavefewerboosthanTo.[析]less是little的比较级,而fewer是few的比较级。less后应加不可数名词而fewer后是可数名词。[误]Therearethreegirlsinygroup.Theclevererisary.[正]Therearethreegirlsinygroup.Thecleverestisary.[析]在两者之间应用比较级,在三者之间或三者以上的范围内应用最高级。[误]Theboysatthereasquietashissister.[正]Theboysatthereasquietlyashissister.[析]as…as的用法要注意的是:①2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★在其中间应加形容词或副词的原级,而不可加比较级,也有的语法书中称为同级比较。②要根据句意决定是加形容词还是副词,这要看它具体是修饰动词还是名词而定,如:Heisasgoodashisfriend.[误]Theharderyoustudy,andyoucanlearnore.[正]Theharderyoustudy,theoreyoucanlearn.[析]英文中如果要表达越来越怎样,在初中范围有两种表达法:①比较级+and+比较级。②定冠词+比较级……,如:Thenightsaregettinglongerandlonger。要注意的是多音节形容词的比较级前要加ore,这样的用法是:oreandore加形容词,如:Thegirlisgrowingoreandorebeautiful.[误]StudyingphysicsisnotsointerestingastolearnEnglish.[正]StudyingphysicsisnotsointerestingaslearningEnglish.[析]在作比较时,英语一般要求对比的两部分结构应一致。如用动名词,应都用动名词,用不定式时则都用不定式。但有时在后一个不定式前的符号to可以省略。如:Torepairtheoldoneisasuchexpensiveas(to)buyanewone.[误]Thegirlisoreclevererthantheboy.2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★[正]Thegirlisuchoreclever(uchcleverer)thantheboy.[析]clever有两个比较级:cleverer和oreclever,要注意的是不能用比较级来修饰比较级。clever的两个比较级也各有不同之处,如用在两种不同性质的比较时多用oreclever,如:Heisorecleverthanhonest.(他的聪明要远远超过其诚实。)[析]Theboyisthetallesttothethree.[正]Theboyisthetallestofthethree.[析]最高级的范围要用of加复数形式或加集合名词。[误]Thisbooisoneoftheostusefuldictionary.[正]Thisbooisoneoftheostusefuldictionaries.[析]在oneof后面最高级形容词后要加可数名词复数。[误]ThisdictionaryistheuchbestoneoftheEnglishchinesedictionaries.[正]ThisdictionaryisuchthebestoneoftheEnglishchinesedictionaries.[析]在修饰最高级时应用far/byfar/uch加the加最高级。但very例外,如:Heistheverybestplayerinthetea.[误]Shanghaiisbiggerthananyothercitiesinchina.2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★[正]Shanghaiisbiggerthananyothercityinchina.[析]在比较级中表示比较对象时如用anyother其后一般要加单数名词。[误]ostofstoriesinthisbooarewritteninEnglish.[正]ostofthestoriesinthisbooarewritteninEnglish.[正]oststoriesinthisbooarewritteninEnglish.[析]”大多数”一词的表达法有ostofthe+名词,或ost+名词。当用前一种结构时,其后面的定冠词不可少。[误]Theteperatureofthatrooishigherthanthisroo.[正]Theteperatureofthatrooishigherthanthatofthisroo.[析]比较级用于两句话之间时,比较的部分不可省略掉,但为了避免重复,一般都要用that代替前面的单数名词,而用those代替前面的复数名词,如:Theboosinthatboxarebiggerthanthoseinthisbox。[误]Heisnoorehere.aybeheisathoe.[正]Heisnolongerhere.aybeheisathoe.[析]noore在现代英语中多译为:”从此再也不会了”,如:Hisvoiceisnoorehere.他已经去世了,他的声音不可能再出现了。而用nolonger表达目前的状态。要注意下面几组句子的实际含意:2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★Thisrooisnocleanerthanthatone.即两间屋子都不干净。(两者都不干净)Thisrooisnotcleanerthanthatone,即这屋子不如那间干净。(前者不如后者干净。即一间干净,一间不干净。)(三)例题解析1Ithinchineseis___thanaths.A.interestingBoreinterestingc.ostinterestingD.theostinteresting[答案]B.[析]在有than作比较的句子中应用形容词的比较级。2-WhatdoesLucyliebetter,singingordancing?-Singing.ofcourse.She’snownto___it.A.begoodatB.begoodforc.bebadatD.bebadfor[答案]A.[析]begoodat为固定搭配,意为”擅长作某事”。初中英语中有些这样的固定用法应记牢,而不能似是而非。如:begoodat,bebadat,bepoorin,beweein,befitfor3TheHuangHeRiverisoneof___inchina.2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★A.ThelongriverB.thelongestriverc.thelongestriversD.thelongerriver[答案]c.[析]在oneof+定冠词+最高级之后的名词应用复数形式。4Thegirlwas___afraid___shethrewherbagaway.A.so,thatB.too,toc.too,thatD.enough,to[答案]A.[析]so…that为”如此怎样以至于如何”,此句意思是:小女孩如此害怕以至于扔下包跑掉了。而too…to的意思为”如何如何,以至于不能作某事”。但to的后面是动词原形,而不是从句。5Itwas___yesterdaythantoday.A.hotB.hoterc.hotterD.thehottest[答案]c.[析]用than表达比较的句中应用比较级。6Whichsubjectdoyoulie___,Englishchineseoraths?A.bestB.wellc.betterD.good[答案]A.2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★[析]在两者之间应用比较级,而在三者之间或三者以上用最高级。7Noneofthestudentswatchedit___.A.carefulenoughB.enoughcarefullyc.carefullyenoughD.enoughcareful[答案]c.[析]首先应判定是选用用来修饰名词的形容词还是用来修饰动词的副词。这里是修饰watch这一动词,应选用副词。当enough用来修饰副词或形容词时应放于被修饰的形容词或副词之后。8___sheeats,___she’llbe.A.ore…fatB.Theore…fatterc.ore…thefatterD.Theore…thefatter[答案]D.[析]the+比较级表示”越来越……”本句应译为:她吃得越多,她就会越胖。9Idon’tthinEnglishis___chinese.A.asiportantasB.notiportantasc.notsoiportantD.iportantas[答案]A.[析]thin+宾语从句时,应采用否定主句的形式,如:中文讲,”我认为你不对”,英文应为:”我不认为你对”。Idon’2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★tthinyouareright.所以不能选答案B。而c、D均为不正确的表达法。10issGaoisagoodEnglishteacher.Thestudentsinherclass___English.A.areinterestedinB.areinterestinginc.areinterestedatD.areinterestingto[答案]A.[析]过去分词常用来修饰人,而现在分词常用来修饰物,如:aninterestingboo,实际上过去分词含有被动之意,如:interested其含意是”被……所吸引,感动”。而interesting则为”使人感兴趣的”,如:aninterestingan一个有趣、风趣的人。11Thetwinsaretogetherostofthetie.Sotheyneverfeel_.A.aloneB.lonelyc.happilyD.friendly[答案]B.[析]alone意为”独自的,一个人的”,它只能作表语不能作定语。Ianotaloneindoingsuchathing.而lonely意为”寂寞的,孤单的”,如:Theoldanfeltlonely.要体会两个词的区别,如:Theoldanlivedalone,buthedidn’tfeellonely.12Whata___cough!yousee___ill.A.terrible,terriblyB.terribly,terrible2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★c.terrible,terribleD.terribly,terribly[答案]A.[析]terrible是形容词,而terribly是副词,第一个空是修饰名词的,所以应填入形容词。第二个空ill是形容词,这里terribly是用来修饰ill的。13Thetwofriendswere___pleasedtoseeeachotherthattheyforgoteverything.A.soB.tooc.veryD.uch[答案]A.[析]这里用的是so…that的固定搭配。14Whichis___,LiLei’sboxorHaneiei’sbox?A.heavyB.heavierc.oreheavierD.theheaviest[答案]B.[析]两者之间用比较级,三者或以上用最高级。15youdon’tliethesaecoloursandIdon’tliethe,___.A.tooB.alsoc.eitherD.neither[答案]c.[析]在否定句中也应用either,而不要用too,因too用于肯定句中。16jiis___atallhislessons.AndI’surehe’2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★lldovery___intheexas.A.well,goodB.good,wellc.well,wellD.good,good[答案]B.[析]good为形容词,如:Heisgood.他是个好人。而well作为身体状况的好坏讲时是形容词,如:Heiswell为他身体不错,而作为其他意思时为副词,如:HespeasEnglishwell.17youloo___thanbefore,why?A.orethinB.orethinnerc.uchorethinD.uchthinner[答案]D.[析]多音节形容词才用ore或ost加形容词来表示其比较级或最高级,而thin的比较级为thinner。18Let’sgooutforsuppernow.I’very___.A.hungryB.angryc.tiredD.thirsty[答案]A.[析]hungry-饿,angry-生气,tired-紧,疲劳,thirsty-口渴。要注意名词的词义。19-canyouunderstande?-Sorry,Ican___understandyou.A.hardlyB.alostc.evenD.ever[答案]A.2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★[析]hardly为一否定词,用在句中时应被看作是否定句。在答语中Sorry决定了其意为”听不明白”,所以只能选hardly。20”___doyouwritetoyourpenfriend?”“Abouttwiceaonth.”A.HowoftenB.Howsoonc.HowuchD.Howlong[答案]A.[析]howoften用来提问某一动作经多久就要发生一次,也就是提问发生的频率。howsoon是问从现在起还有多久。21changjiangRiveris___riverinchinaA.longB.longerc.longestD.thelongest[答案]D.22I’llwor___Ican.A.sohardlyasB.sohardasc.ashardlyasD.ashardas[答案]D.[析]hard可用作形容词和副词,如:Thedeswasadeofhardwood又如:Itisraininghard。而hardly是副词,其词义是”几乎不”,如:HardlydidIsleeplastnight.我昨晚几乎没有睡觉。而且hardly用于句首时要采用倒装语序。as…as即可以用于肯定句,也可以用于否定句,但so…as则只能用于否定句中。23Itisvery___tolistentohi.2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★A.interestedB.interestingc.interestedinD.interest[答案]B.[析]interest作为名词有两个词义,①兴趣,②银行中所讲的利息。而其形容词interesting是”使人感兴趣的”,而interested是”感兴趣的”如:HeisinterestedinEnglish.24Thingsare___worsethanIthought.A.oreB.fewc.veryD.uch[答案]D.[析]只有uch可以修饰比较级。25Itisoneo’cloc,butherfatherhasn’tcoebac___.A.alreadyB.stillc.tooD.yet[答案]D.[析]完成时的否定句尾要用yet,而already则用于肯定句。26coradechenis___olderthanI.A.veryB.orec.uchD.quite[答案]c.[析]只有uch可以修饰比较级。可以修饰比较级的词还有uch,far,evenalittle,byfar等。27Shedidherhoewor___.2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★A.carefullyB.carefulc.careD.careless[答案]A.[析]这里应填入副词,而careless是由care加less后辍得来的,less意为”没有”,是否定之意,如:careless-不小心,hoeless-无家可归。而carefully为副词。28Theycan’tanswerthequestioninjapanese;wecan’tanswerit,___.A.alsoB.tooc.eitherD.neither[答案]c.29-Howareyourparents?-Theyarevery___,thanyou.A.goodB.indc.wellD.happy[答案]c.[析]由问句得知其询问的是身体如何,所以well作为身体状况不错时应视为形容词。30Peterruns___inourclass.A.thefastB.fasterc.fastestD.ostfast[答案]c.[析]副词的最高级前可以加定冠词,也可以不加定冠词。31Wewereall___gladthatwesanganddanced.A.suchB.soc.veryD.quite2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★[答案]B.[析]在so与that之间只有形容词时不可用such。32atesings___joan.A.aswellasB.asgoodasc.sogoodasD.asbetteras[答案]A.[析]这里well为副词,意为”唱得好”。33Thiseggsells___,thoughitloosallright.A.goodB.wellc.badDbadly[答案]c.[析]sell为系动词,其后应加形容词,而不是副词。同样的词,还有sound,feel,see、becoe(变成)等等,如:Icefeelscoldinwinter.34Waitainute,Ihave___totellyou.A.soethinginterestedB.soethinginterestingc.interestingsoethingD.anythinginteresting[答案]B.[析]修饰不定代词的修饰词要放在不定代词之后。35Ishallvisityou___nextyear.A.soetiesB.soetiec.soetieD.soeties[答案]B.[析]soeties有时,soetie某一时刻,soetie一段时间,soeties若干次2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36 ★精品文档★36ysistersaidshewouldtrytospea___Englisheveryday.A.alittleB.afewc.litttleD.few[答案]A.[析]little修饰不可数名词,而alittle意为”一些,一点”。37Ihave___friendshereandIoftenvisitthe.A.fewB.littlec.afewD.alittle[答案]c.[析]afew意为”有些”,few后面要加可数名词复数。38ofalltheseboos,doyouthin,whichoneis___?A.interestingB.uchinterestingc.oreinterestingD.theostinteresting[答案]D.[析]ofalltheseboos是用来表示最高级的范围2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创36/36