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动词一概念:表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。二分类:a 根据其在句中的功能,动词可分为四类,分别是:实义动词(Notional Verb)、系动词(Link Verb)、助动词(Auxiliary Verb)、情态动词(Modal Verb)。说明:有些情况下,有些动词是兼类词,例如We are having a meeting. 我们正在开会。(having是实义动词。)He has gone to New York. 他已去纽约。(has是助动词。)b 动词根据其后是否带有宾语,可分为两类,分别是:及物动词(Transitive Verb)、不及物动词(Intransitive Verb),缩写形式分别为vt. 和vi.。说明:同一动词有时可用作及物动词,有时可用作不及物动词。例如: She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞。(sing在此用作不及物动词。) She can sing many English songs.她能唱好多首英文歌曲。(sing用作及物动词。)c根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制,可分两类,分别是:限定动词(Finite Verb)、非限定动词(Non-finite Verb)例如: She sings very well.她唱得很好。(sing受主语she的限制,故用第三人称单数形式sings。)She wants to learn English well.她想学好英语。(to learn不受主语she的限制,没有词形变化,是非限定动词。说明:英语中共有三种非限定动词,分别是:动词不定式、动名词、分词。d 根据动词的组成形式,可分为三类,分别是:单字词、短语动词、动词短语。例如: The English language contains many phrasal verbs and verbal phrases. 英语里有许多短语动词和动词短语。(contains是单字动词。) Students should learn to look up new words in dictionaries.学生们学会查字典。(look up是短语动词。) The young ought to take care of the old.年轻人应照料老人。(take care of是动词短语。)一 系动词 系动词亦称联系动词(Link Verb),作为系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语(亦称补语),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。说明:有些系动词又是实义动词,该动词表达实义时,有词义,可单独作谓语,例如: He fell ill yesterday. 他昨天病了。(fell是系动词,后跟补足语,说明主语情况。)1)状态系动词用来表示主语状态,只有be一词,例如:He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。(is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。)2)持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如:He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。3)表像系动词用来表示"看起来像"这一概念,主要有seem, appear, look, 例如:He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起来很伤心。4)感官系动词感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如: This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布手感很软。5)变化系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词主要有
become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.例如: He became mad after that. 自那之后,他疯了。6)终止系动词表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove, trun out, 表达"证实","变成"之意,例如:The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。 His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。(turn out表终止性结果)二助动词 1)协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词。被协助的动词称作主要动词。助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用,例如: He doesn"t like English. (doesn"t是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义)2) 助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用来: a. 表示时态,例如:He has got married. 他已结婚。 b. 表示语态,例如:He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。 c. 构成疑问句,例如:Do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗? d. 与否定副词not合用,构成否定句,例如:I don"t like him. 我不喜欢他。 e. 加强语气,例如: He did know that. 他的确知道那件事。3) 最常用的助动词有:be, have, do, shall, will, should, would1 助动词be的用法 1) be +现在分词,构成进行时态,例如:They are having a meeting. 他们正在开会。2) be + 过去分词,构成被动语态,例如:The window was broken by Tom.. 3) be + 动词不定式,可表示下列内容:a. 表示最近、未来的计划或安排,例如 He is to go to New York next week.他下周要去 b. 表示命令,例如:You are to explain this. 对此你要做出解释。 c. 征求意见,例如:How am I to answer him? 我该怎样答复他? d. 表示相约、商定,例如:We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning. 2 助动词have的用法 1)have +过去分词,构成完成时态,例如: He has left for London. 他已去了伦敦。2)have + been +现在分词,构成完成进行时,例如: I have been studying English for ten years.我一直在学英语,已达十年之久。3)have+been +过去分词,构成完成式被动语态,例如: English has been taught in China for many years. 中国教英语已经多年。3 助动词do 的用法 1) 构成一般疑问句,例如: Did you study German? 你们学过德语吗?2) do + not 构成否定句,例如: He doesn"t like to study. 他不想学习。
3) 构成否定祈使句,例如: Don"t go there. 不要去那里。4) 放在动词原形前,加强该动词的语气,例如:I do miss you. 我确实想你。5) 用于倒装句,例如:Never did I hear of such a thing. 我从未听说过这样的事情。 说明: 引导此类倒装句的副词有never, seldom, rarely, little, only, so, well等。6)用作代动词,例如He knows how to drive a car,doesn"t he?他知道如何开车,对吧?4 助动词shall和will的用法 shall和will作为助动词可以与动词原形一起构成一般将来时,例如: I shall study harder at English. 我将更加努力地学习英语。 He will go to Shanghai. 他要去上海。说明:在过去的语法中,语法学家说shall用于第一人称,will 只用于第二、第三人称。现在,尤其是在口语中,will常用于第一人称,但shall只用于第一人称,如用于第二、第三人称,就失去助动词的意义,已变为情态动词,试比较:He shall come. 他必须来。(shall有命令的意味。)He will come. 他要来。(will只与动词原形构成一般将来时。)5 助动词should,would的用法 1)should无词义,只是shall的过去形式,与动词原形构成过去将来时,只用于第一人称,例如: I telephoned him yesterday to ask what I should do next week.比较: "What shall I do next week?" I asked. "我下周干什么?"我问道。(可以说,shall变成间接引语时,变成了should。)2) would也无词义,是will的过去形式,与动词原形构成过去将来时,用于第二、第三人称,例如: He said he would come. 他说他要来。比较:I will go," he said. 他说:"我要去那儿。"变成间接引语,就成了: He said he would come. 原来的will变成would,go变成了come.。6 短语动词 动词加小品构成的起动词作用的短语叫短语动词(Phrasal Verb)。例如: Turn off the radio. 把收音机关上。(turn off是短语动词) 短语动词的构成基本有下列几种:1) 动词+副词,如:black out;2) 动词+介词,如:look into;3) 动词+副词+介词,如:look forward to。构成短语动词的副词和介词都统称为小品词7 非谓语动词 在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式,动名词,和分词(分词包括现在分词和过去分词)。1)不定式时态语态 主动 被动 一般式 to do to be done 完成式 to have done to have been done2)动名词时态语态 主动 被动 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done3)分词时态语态 主动 被动 一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done 4)否定形式: not +不定式, not + 动名词, not + 现在分词三、动词八种时态、语态和几种变化形式八种时态主动语态被动语态 一般现在时(经常,反复,爱好,特点,条件,真理)do;doesamisaredone 一般过去时(过去发生的事,不强调现在的结果)did;-edwasweredone 一般将来时(将要发生的事)willdowillbedone 现在进行时(现在正在发生的事)am;is;aredoingam;is;arebeingdone 过去进行时(当时正在发生的事)was;weredoingwas;werebeingdone 现在完成时(过去发生的事,强调现在的结果)have;hasdonehavehasdone 过去完成时(过去完成的事;过去以前发生的事)haddonehadbeendone 过去将来时(过去将要发生的事)woulddowouldbedone第一动词过去式变化规则及其读音规则规则动词的过去式变化如下:1、一般情况下,动词词尾加-ed,如:work---workedplay---playedwanted----wantedact----acted2、以不发音的-e结尾动词,动词词尾加-d,如:live---livedmove----movedtaste---tastedhope---hoped3、以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i再加-ed,如:study---studiedcopy---copiedcry---criedcarry---carried4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop---stopped5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。go–wentmake–madeget–gotbuy-boughtcome-camefly-flew不规则动词的过去式的构成:1.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。如:begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam2.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如:drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote3.改动词原形中的aw/ow为ew,变成过去式。如:draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed)4.动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。如:get—got,forget—forgot5.动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。如:feed—fed,meet—met6.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。如:keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept7.动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。如:break—broke,speak—spoke8.动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式。如:sell—sold,tell—told9.动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如:stand—stood,understand—understood
10.以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔:t〕的过去式。如:bring—brought,buy—bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught11.以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如:can—could,shall—should,will—would12.把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。如:come—came,become—became13.在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。如:hear〔hi〕—heard〔h:d〕,say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕,mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕14.动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如:let—let,must—must,put—put,read—read〔red〕15.不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如:am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,feel—felt,find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have/has—had,hold—held,leave—left,make—made,may—might,run—ran,see—saw,take—took过去式“-ed”的发音规则(1)动词词尾为“t,d”时,发/id/音,want→wanted(要)need→needed(需要)(2)动词词尾为清辅音时,发/t/音。help→helped(帮助)laugh→laughed(笑)look→looked(看)kiss→kissed(吻)wash→washed(洗)watch→watched(注视)(3)动词词尾为t,d以外之浊辅音或元音时,发/d/音。call→called(叫)stay→stayed(停留)cry→cried(哭)第二动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为[s],在浊辅音及元音后发音为[z]。如:①stop-stops[s];make-makes[s]②read-reads[z];play-plays[z]2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,要先将“y”变为“i”,然后在加“es”读[iz]如:fly-flies[z];carry-carries[z]study-studies[z];worry-worries3、以“s,x,ch,sh”结尾的,在词尾加“es”,发音为[iz]如:teach-teaches[iz];watch-watches[iz]4、以“o”结尾的动词,加“es”,读[z]如:go-goes[z]do-does[z]下面几个动词变为单数时,原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化,请注意记忆。如:1、do[du:]-does[dz]2、say[sei]-says[sez]以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词,如果尾音是[s],[z]时,加“s”后字母“e”发音,与所加“s”一起读做[iz]。如:close-closes[iz]
第三动词现在分词的变化规则一1一般情况下,动词后面直接加ingread-readinglook-looking2以不发音e结尾动词,去掉e,然后加-ingtake-takinghave-having3以辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节,双写末尾辅音字母,然后加-ingsit-sittingrun-running44以-ie结尾的动词,把变成y再加-inglie-----lyingtie-----tyingdie-----dying句式变化:肯定句bedoing否定句benotdoing一般疑问句be动词提前到句子开头常与现在进行时态连用的词:now,listen,look等go--goingcall—callingread--readingwrite—writingtake--takingcome—comingsing--singingplay—playingopen--openingclose--closingshop--shoppingrun--runningswim--swimmingsit--sitting二、一般将来时1.用法:表示在将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。2.构成:will+动词原形begoingto+动词原形be随主语人称和数的变化而变化,而goingto固定不变3.句式变化:a.begoingto结构变疑问句时,将be提至主语之前;变否定句在be后加notb.will结构变疑问句时,将will提至主语之前;变否定句在will后加not4.常用于一般将来时的时间状语有:tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,next…,intenyears,inthefuture等。5.will与begoingto的区别:如果表示的不是打算,意图或计划,而是未来的事实或对将来的预测等,就要用“will+动词原形”来表达(c)1.There__________ameetingtomorrowafternoon.A.willbegoingtoB.willgoingtobeC.isgoingtobeD.willgotobe(d)2.Charlie________herenextmonth.A.isn’tworkingB.doesn’tworkingC.isn’tgoingtoworkingD.won’twork(d)3.He________verybusythisweek,he________freenextweek.A.willbe;isB.is;isC.willbe;willbeD.is;willbe第四过去分词不规则变化一、A—A—A型,即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。(共7个) cost—cost—costcut—cut—cuthit—hit—hithurt—hurt—hurtlet—let—letput—put—putread—read—read 二、A—B—B型,即过去式、过去分词相同。(共41个) 1.过去式和过去分词都含有-ought。(3个) bring—brought—broughtbuy—bought—boughtthink—thought—thoughtflight-fought-fought 2.词尾有-ild,-end时,只需把d变为t。(4个)
build—built—builtlend—lent—lentsend—sent—sentspend—spent—spent 3.过去式、过去分词都含有-aught。catch—caught—caughtteach—taught—taught 4把-eep变为-ept。3个keep—kept—keptsleep—slept—sleptsweep—swept—swept 5把-ell变为-old。(2个) tell—told—toldsell—sold—sold 6.过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt。(4个) smell—smelt—smeltspell—spelt—speltfeel—felt—feltspill—spilt—spilt 7.过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。(3个) learn—learnt—learntmean—meant—meantspoil—spoilt—spoilt 8.过去式、过去分词词尾去y变-id(4个) say—said—saidpay—paid—paidlay—laid—laidhear—heard—heard 9.改变元音字母。(11个) meet—met—metget—got—gotsit—sat—satfind—found—foundhold—held—heldspit—spat—spatshine—shone—shonewin—won—wonhang—hung—hungdig—dug—duglose—lost—lost 10.改变辅音字母。(1个) make—made—made 11改变元、辅音字母。(4个) leave—left—leftstand—stood—stoodhave(has)—had—hadunderstand—understood—understood 三、A—B—C型,即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。(共35个) 1.i—a—u变化。(6个) begin—began—begundrink—drank—drunksing—sang—sungring—rang—rungswim—swam—swumsink—sank—sunk 2.词尾为-ow,-aw时,过去式将其变为-ew,过去分词在其原形后加n。(5个) blow—blew—blowndraw—drew—drawngrow—grew—grownknow—knew—knownthrow—threw—thrown(show除外) 3.词尾为“i+辅(1个)+e”,过去式将i变为o,过去分词多在原形后加n,若那个辅音字母为d或t,须双写d或t后加n。(4个)(give,hide除外) drive—drove—drivenwrite—wrote—writtenride—rode—riddenrise—rose—risen 4.过去分词在过去式后加(e)n。(5个) break—broke—brokenchoose—chose—chosenfreeze—froze—frozenspeak—spoke—spokenwake—woke—woken 5.过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。(1个) forget—forgot—forgotten 6.过去分词由原形加(e)n构成。(6个) be—was(were)—beeneat—ate—eatenfall—fell—fallengive—gave—givensee—saw—seenhide—hid—hidden(hid) 7.词尾为-ake时,过去式将其变为-ook,过去分词在原形词后加-n。(2个) take—took—takenmistake—mistook—mistaken 8.原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。(6个) do—did—donefly—flew—flowngo—went—gonelie—lay—lainshow—showed—shownwear—wore—worn 四、A—A—B型,即过去式和原形相同。(1个) beat—beat—beaten 五、A—B—A型,即过去分词和原形相同。(3个)
come—came—comebecome—became—becomerun—ran—run 六、情态动词型,只有原形和过去式,没有过去分词。(4个) can—couldmay—mightwill—wouldshall—should 初中英语语法练习动词时态专项训练一、用所给词的适当形式填空:1.He______swimmingintherivereverydayinsummer.(go)2.It________youareright.(seem)3.Look,thechildren______ basketballontheplayground.(play)4.He______totheradiowhenIcamein,(listen)5.Itisverycold.Ithinkit______.(rain)6.—Ineedsomepaper. —I______someforyou.(bring)7.Ican’tfindmypen.Who______it?(take)8.Hesaidthathe______backinfiveminutes.(come)9.Ididn’tmeethim.He______whenIgotthere.(leave)10.I______mybike,soIhavetowalktoschool.(lose)11.He______downandbegantoreadhisnewspaper.(sit)12.Heisveryhungry.He_________anythingforthreedays.(noteat)13.I______withyouifIhavetime.(go)14.Wewillgotothecinemaifit______fine.(be)15.Iwilltellherthenewswhenshe______toseemenextweek.(come)16.“When______you______thecar?” “In1998.”(buy)17.We______goodfriendssincewemetatschool.
(be)18.What______you______atfiveyesterdayafternoon?(do)19.Thebikeisnice.Howmuch______it______?(cost)二、选择最佳答案填空( )1.We’llgoswimmingiftheweather______finetomorrow.A.is B.was C.willbe D.isgoingtobe( )2.It______fiveyearssincehehasleftforBeijing.A.was B.hasbeen Cis D.isgoingtobe( )3.Pleasedon’tleavetheofficeuntilyourfriend______back.A.cameB.comes C.havecome D.willcome( )4.Bytheendoflastyearhe______about1500Englishwords.A.learns B.learned C.waslearning D.hadlearned( )5.Listen!Someone______inthenextroom.A.cried B.crying C.iscrying D.hascried( )6.Youmusttellhimthenewsassoonasyou______him.A.see B.sees C.willsee D.isseeing( )7.Hetoldmethathe______toseeusthenextday.A.comes B.came C.willcome D.wouldcome( )8.Wecan’tfindhimanywhere.Perhapshe______home.A.isgoing B.went C.hascome D.wouldcome( )9.Theteachertoldusthatthesun______biggerthantheearth.A.is B.was C.hasbeen D.willbe( )10.Couldyoutellmewheretherailwaystation______?A.was B.is C.willbe D.wouldbe( )11.We______totheGreatWallseveraltimes.A.go B.weregoing C.havegone D.havebeen( )12.Itseemedthattheoldman______forsomethingoverthere.A.looks B.looked C.waslooking D.haslooked( )13.Hewassurethathe______hiswalletintheoffice.A.left B.wouldleave C.hadleft D.hasleft( )14.Youmuststudyhardifyou______wanttofailtheexam.A.won’t B.don’t C.haven’t D.hadn’t( )15.—I’mafraidyoucan’tsithere. —Sorry,I______know.A.don’t B.won’t C.can’t D.didn’t( )16.Asshe______thenewspaper,Granny______asleep.A.read,wasfalling B.fell C.wasreading,wasfalling D.read,fell
( )17.—Jimisnotcomingtonight. —Buthe______!A.promises(许诺) B.promised C.willpromise D.hadpromised( )18.—What’shername? —I______.A.forget B.forgot C.hadforgotten D.amforgetting三、动词时态能力综合测试( )1.Heoften______hisclothesonSundays.A.washing B.washes C.haswashed D.wash( )2.I’mChinese.Where______from?A.doyoucome B.youarecoming C.youcome D.areyoucoming( )3.May______toschool.A.neverwalks B.isneverwalking C.walknever D.neveriswalking( )4.Wewillstartassoonasourteacher______.A.comes B.willcome C.come D.iscoming( )5.Howlongago______playingfootball?A.haveyoustopped B.hadyoustopped C.didyoustop D.doyoustop( )6.It______hardwhenIleftmyhouse.A.israining B.rains C.wasraining D.willrain( )7.Ithinkthisquestion______toanswer.A.easy B.iseasy C.waseasy D.willeasy( )8.Don’ttalksoloudly.Yourfather______.A.sleeps B.issleeping C.slept D.hadslept( )9.Howmanypeopledoesthedoctorknowwho______ofthedisease(疾病)?A.aredying B.isdying C.hasdied D.dies( )10.I______myhomeworknow.A.finish B.finished C.havefinished D.hadfinished( )11.He______forthreeyears.A.hasjoined B.hasbeeninthearmy C.joined D.hasservedthearmy( )12.Hisgrandfather______forthirtyyears.A.died B.wasdead C.hasbeendead D.hasdied( )13.I______frommybrotherforalongtime.A.nothaveheard B.havenotheard C.haveheardnot D.donothear( )14.Maths,oneofthemostimportantsubjects,______alwaysinterestedhim.A.has B.have C.are D.is( )15.—DidyourbrothergotoAmericalastyear? —______.
A.No,hedidnevergothere B.No,hehasnevergonehereC.No,heneverwasthere D.No,he’sneverbeenthere( )16.He______thatfactorysince1958.A.hasleft B.hasworkedin C.hasgonefrom D.hascometo ( )17.Ourteacher______toBeijingthreetimes.A.went B.hadgone C.hasgone D.hasbeen( )18.LastweekJohn______hisleg.A.feltandbroken B.fellandbroke C.feelsandbreaks D.fallenandbroken( )19.Jack______histhickcoatbecauseitwassnowing.A.putson B.puton C.takeson D.tookon( )20.He______thepictureonthewall.A.hanged B.hung C.hashanged D.washanged( )21.Nextmonth______twentyfive.A.hasmysister B.mysisterwillbe C.mysistershallhave D.mysisterisgoingtobe( )22.You______heragaininafewweeks.A.willsee B.haveseen C.hadseen D.havebeenseen( )23.Bytheendoflasttermwe______Englishfortwoyears.A.havestudied B.havebeenstudied C.wouldstudied D.hadstudied( )24.MrsBrown______inNewYorkforthreeyearsbeforeshewenttoLondon.A.lived B.hadlived C.haslived D.willlive( )25.Whenwearrived,thedinner______.A.alreadybegan B.hasalreadybegun C.hadalreadybegun D.wasjustbegun( )26.IwillgohomefortheholidayassoonasI______myexams.A.willfinish B.finish C.finishing D.finished( )27.When______,I’lltalktohim.A.doesPetercome B.Peterwillcome C.Petercomes D.canPetercome( )28.Mysister______toseeme.She’llbeheresoon.A.comes B.iscoming C.hadcome D.came( )29.Theysaidthey______ouranswerthenextday.A.hadheard B.wouldhearof C.wouldhear D.willhear( )30.Theoldmansaidthatlight______fasterthansound.A.went B.willgo C.travels D.willtravel
答案:一、1.goes 2.seems 3.areplaying 4.waslistening 5.israining 6.willbring 7.took 8.wouldcome 9.hasleft 10.lost 11.sat 12.hasn"teaten 13.willgo 14.is 15.comes 16.didbuy 17.havebeen 18. weredoing 19.doescost二、1.A 2. B 3.B 4.D 5.C 6.A 7.D 8.C 9.A 10.B 11.D12.C13. C 14.B15.A16.A17.B18.A三、1.B 2.A 3.A 4.A 5.C 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.C 11.B 12.C13.B14.D 15.D 16.B 17.D18.A 19.B 20.A 21.B 22.A 23.B 24.B 25.C 26.B 27.C 28.B 29.C 30.C中考英语综合填空题专项训练01.附详解 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空,使短文正确、通顺。每词限填一次。 on,friend,ask,and,have,until,but,cheap,invite,in,mother,beautiful,much,because,put Wearegoingtohaveapartyinourhousethisevening.Itismy(1)______birthday,andshehas(2)______myunclesandauntsandsomeofher(3)______.MotherandIare(4)______tocookmostofthefoodfortheparty,andfatherisgettingthedrinks.Theliving-roomlooksverypretty.Balloonsofallcoloursarehangingfromthelights(5)______wehavetakenthecarpetsaway(6)______wearegoingtodancethereafterdinner.
Inthedining-roomwehave(7)______outthebestplatesandglassesandtablecloths,anditalllooks(8)______.Wearegoingtohavesoup,fish,chicken,fruitandcheese.Wearegoingtodance(9)______midnight,andafterthat,wewillhave(10)______food,becausewewillbehungryafterallthatdancing. Lastyearmymother(11)______herbirthdaypartyinarestaurant,(12)______itispleasanterand(13)______athome. Whenitismybirthday,Iamgoingtoinvitemyfriendsandhaveapartyinthegarden.Iwillhangprettylights(14)______thetreesandwewillgrillourfoodinthegardenanddance(15)______thegrass. 「答案与解析」 本文讲述的是即将为母亲的生日party作准备的事情,以及对去年母亲生日party的回顾和对本人生日的设想。 1.mother‘s.从与前后的单词的搭配来看应填“某人的”,在方框中只有friend’s和mother‘s两个;由下文的描述,特别是第三段的第一句,可知应填mother’s. 2.invited.因为要举行party,自然就会邀请亲朋好友。由前面的has可知要用现在完成时表示已经邀请了,所以用invite的过去分词invited. 3.friends.见上题。 4.asked.由are可知,用asksbtodosth的被动式,所以用过去分词。
5.and.两句之间一定是选连词,两句之间是并列关系用and. 6.because.前后又都是句子,且为转折关系,所以用连词but. 7.put.首先应判断用动词,又从后面的thebestplatesandglasses等可知应是已经“摆放”出来,所以用put的过去分词put. 8.beautiful.摆放的是最好的东西,房间看起来自然就是美的。 9.until.表示某种动用一直延续到某个时候用until. 10.more.由后文跳饿了,自然就会吃得更多。 11.had.与party搭配用have,因为是去年,所以用一般过去时had. 12.but.前后是转折关系用but. 13.cheaper.与形容词pleasanter并列的也一定是形容词,且为比较级,在方框中选出cheap和beautiful,根据常识应是cheaper. 14.in.表示在树上一般用介词in.注意表示在树上结的果子时又一般在on了。 15.on.跳舞当然是在草地上,所以用on.中考英语综合填空题专项训练02.附详解 根据短文内容在空格处填入一个适当的单词,使短文的意思完整,需填单词的第一个字母已经给出。
Itiswell-knownthatmanismuchclevererthananyanimal.Butwhichisthecleveresta_______(1)theanimals?Somescientistst_______(2)itshouldbeAlex,anAfricangreyparrot.Heisunlikeanyotheranimal.Hecanreallyt_______(3)withpeople! Whenhesays“comehere”,hereallyw_______(4)someonetocomeuptohim.“ “Alexisascleverasac_______(5)of2or3yearsold,”saysDr.Pepperberg.“Hedoesnotjustrepeatthes_______(6)hehasbeentaught.Heu_______(7)thewords!” Alexcantellabout50d_______(8)things,name7coloursandcountfrom1to6.Istheparrotactuallythinkinginthew_______(9)howmandoes?Nobodycansay.Buttheq_______(10)isveryinteresting. 答案与解析 本文论述了非洲灰色鹦鹉被一些科学家认为是最聪明的动物。 1.among.表示最高级的比较范围,意为“在……中”,一般用of或among,等介词,此处已有首字母a,所以是among. 2.think.根据前面的提问有首字母t可知是think,表示“有的科学家认为最聪明的动物应当是Alex”。
3.talk.根据下文对他会讲会的描述和空格后的with,可知是talkwithsb(同……谈话)。 4.wants.根据前面的comehere及后文的句式搭配可知是wantsbtodosth(想要某人做某事)。 5.child.根据后面的两叁岁可知是小孩。 6.sounds.由前文的talk和后文的words可知是重复教他讲话的声音。 7.understands.从后文的描述可知,他不但会重复教他的声音而且还明白其意思。 8.different.根据things是复数及首字母的提示可知是指不同的(different)事物。 9.way.根据句意“他的思维方式是否与的思维方式一样呢?”。搭配:intheway用这种方式。 10.question.上文“Istheparrot…?”提出的是一个问题。中考英语综合填空题专项训练04.附详解 根据上下文和括号里的汉语提示,在下面的空白处写出正确的单词和短语,使短文意思完整。 Perhapsmorethananyotherpeople,Americanshavecometodependontheircars.Thefamilycar(1)______(一直是)acommonthing(2)______(从……以来)theearlytwentiethcentury,andithaschangedAmericanlife.Manypeople
havemoved(3)______(外面)ofthelargecitiestothesuburbs.SomeAmericansspend(4)______(每天两小时)ormoreintheircars(5)______(去上班)andhomeagain.Carshavebecomethe(6)______(工具)oftransportationformostAmericansgoingshopping,andevengoingonvacations. Americans(7)______(过去常常)likebigcars,andgasolineusedtobeveryinexpensive.Recently,(8)______(然而),thecostofgasolinehasincreased;smallercarshavebecome(9)______(更常见)。Alsoforeigncarshavebecomeverycommon.Americanshavebought(10)______(大量的)JapaneseandGermancars.Theyhaveboughtcarsfromseveralothercountriesaswell. 「答案与解析」 美国多数人都拥有汽车,因此有“车轮上的民族”之称,本文就是讲美国人使用汽车的一些情况的。 1.hasbeen.句中无动词,由“是”可知要用be;结合第2题可知要用be的现在完成时态。 2.since.它引出的时间状语常与现在完成时连用。 3.outside.修饰动词moved要用副词outside;另外,短语outsideof是“……的外面”。 4.twohoursaday.注意表示单位时间的词“每天(aday)”要放后面。又如:每小时十公里tenkilometersanhour.
5.goingtowork.注意与前面spend的句型搭配:spend…(in)doingsth花多少时间或金钱做某事。 6.means.注意means(工具、方法、手段)这本单词本身就是以s结尾的,且单复数同形,若作主语要根据句意来确定是单数还是复数。 7.usedto.表示过去常常用“usedto+动词原形”。 8.however.注意however是副词,且后面常有逗号;但是but是连词其后无逗号。 9.morecommon.后面省略了thanbigcars,所以用比较级;common的比较级是在前面加more. 10.largenumbersof.表示“大量的”还可用alargenumberof.中考英语综合填空题专项训练08.附详解 阅读下列短文,在每个空格处填入一个适当的英语单词,使短文在结构和意义上完整。 Schooleducationisveryimportantanduseful.Yetnoonecan_______(1)everythingatschoolandateachercannotteachhis_______(2)everythingtheywanttoknow.His_______(3)istoshowhisstudents_______(4)tolearn.Heteachesthemhowtoread_______(5)howtothink.Somuchmoreistobelearnedoutsideschoolbythestudents_______(6)。
Itisalwaysmore_______(7)toknowhowtostudy_______(8)oneself.Itisquite_______(9)tolearnsomething,butitisdifficulttouseittosolveproblems.Greatinventorsdonotgeteverything_______(10)school,buttheystillcan______(11)manythingsandchangetheworldalot. Howcantheinventorsdoallofthis?_______(12)oftheanswersis:they_______(13)howtostudy.Alotofthingsarenot_______(14)intheclassroom.Theygotalot_______(14)knowledgebyreadingoutsideschool.Theyworkhardandnevergiveupalltheirlives. 「答案与解析」 1.learn/study.由后文的atschool可知是“学习”。 2.students/pupils.老师教当然是教他的学生。 3.work/job.结合全句的意思可知:老师的工作就是教会学生如何学习。 4.how.见上题。 5.and.前后的howtoread与howtothink显然是并列关系,所以用and. 6.themselves.句意:还有更多的知识要靠学生自己在出校门后自学。 7.important/necessary句意:知道如何自学往往更重要或更必要。词组:teachbyoneself自学。 8.by.见上题。
9.easy.因but表示前后是转折关系,后文是difficult,前文应当就是easy. 10.at/in/from.句意:发明家们并没有在学校或从学校学到了一切。 11.invent/do/make由前面的inventors和后文的“改变世界”可知,他们发明了许多东西。 12.One.从后文的答语和谓语动词is可知,是其中的一个答案。oneof“……中的一个”。 13.know.第7空后有明显的提示:knowhowtostudy. 14.taught/learnt/learned.由intheclassroom可知是老师“教给”或自己“学到”,注意是被动语态,要用过去分词。 15.of.固定搭配:alotof许多。