2017届高考英语语法词汇综合练系列08(第04期)(江苏卷适用) word版含解析 16页

2017届高考英语语法词汇综合练第四期08一、单项填空1.Ifit’spossibletobefamousandyetnotreallywellknown,_______describesthefatherwhoraisedme.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where【答案】A【解析】考查代词句意：即使是个名人也可能不为人理解，这句话就是描述养育我的父亲的。后面的主句缺少主语故使用that一词指代前面说的话语的意思，故A项符合题意。2.“Loop”isoneofthosecomputerwordsthathasgained_______insociety.A.accessB.admissionC.controlD.currency【答案】D3.Jack,tohis_______,refusedtogetinvolvedalthoughhisfriendsinsistedonhistryingthedrug.A.preferenceB.surpriseC.creditD.opinion【答案】C【解析】考查名词。preference喜欢；surprise吃惊；credit信赖；opinion建议。toone’scredit值得赞扬的是，故选C项。句意：值得表扬的是，杰克尽管朋友坚持让他尝试毒品，他却拒绝尝试。4.WhatIknowisthatIshouldsellhealthyfruittomycustomers.Thatistosay,Ishouldfollowmy_______.A.conscienceB.dreamC.adviceD.passion【答案】A【解析】考查名词。句意：我所知道的是我应该向我的顾客出售健康的水果。也就是说，我应该凭良心做事。conscience“良心，良知”，符合句意。5.TheGoogleprojecthascausedexcitementinHollywoodbecausefilmstudiosaresearchingfornew_______toreplaceDVDsales,whichareinsteepdecline.A.allowancesB.revenuesC.ratesD.accounts 【答案】B【解析】allowances津贴；revenues收入，税收，rates价格；(数)比率，等级；accounts账目。句意：谷歌的这个项目让好莱坞激动不已，因为电影制片厂正在寻找新收入来源，以替代急剧下滑的dvd销售。6.Almostunbelievably,thatdreamhasnowbecomeareality_______America’sfirstAfrican-Americanleaderanditsfirstblackfirstfamily.A.intheeyesofB.intheshapeofC.intheeventofD.inthewakeof【答案】B【解析】考查介词短语。intheeyesof在……心目中；intheshapeof以……形式；intheeventof万一，倘若；inthewakeof随着，尾随，紧跟。句意：现在，这个人梦想以首位非洲裔美国总统和首个黑皮肤的第一家庭的形式得到了实现，令人难以置信。7.ManyplantscouldmovenorthwardandtowardthePacificcoast_______risingtemperaturesandchangesinrainfall.A.forfearofB.indefenseofC.bymeansofD.inreactionto【答案】D【解析】考查介词短语。forfearof害怕，担心；indefenseof为……辩护，保护，保卫；bymeansof通过，依靠；inreactionto对……作出反应，回应……。句意：许多植物可以向北移到太平洋沿岸，以应对温度的上升和降水的变化。8.Agoodsuitcaseisessentialforsomeonewhois_______asmuchasJackis.A.ontheriseB.onthelineC.onthespotD.ontherun【答案】D【解析】考查介词短语。ontherise在上涨/增长，蓬勃高涨；ontheline处在危险之中；onthespot在场，在现场；ontherun忙碌，奔波；句意：一个好的手提箱是必不可少的对于像杰克差不多一样东奔西忙的人是必不可少的。9.Nowadays,thevoiceofdemandingthegovernmentcontrol_______scenesinthemediahasbeenmuchlouderthanbefore,whichhavedonegreatharmtochildren.A.confidentialB.violentC.extraordinaryD.outspoken【答案】B 10.“Qianshui”,which_______meansdivingwater,referstosomeonewhoonlyviewsthepostingsacrossthewebsitebutnevermakesanycomments.A.deliberatelyB.originallyC.accidentallyD.ridiculously【答案】B【解析】考查副词。deliberately故意地；originally原始地，原本；accidentally偶然地；ridiculously荒唐地。句意：“潜水”，原意是指潜到水中，现在指仅仅浏览网站上的帖子而不发表评论的人。11.Evena(n)_______observercouldhardlyhavefailedtonoticetheheighteningofanalreadytenseatmosphere.A.casualB.abruptC.annualD.cautions【答案】A【解析】考查形容词。casual随意的，不经意的；abrupt突然的；annual每年的；cautions谨慎的，十分小心的。句意：即便是不经意的旁观者也一定已经觉察到本就紧张的气氛进一步加剧了。12.The pattern of sharing in tasks and decisions_______equality, and this in turn leads to further sharing.A.accounts forB.differs fromC.makes for D.arises from【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语。accountsfor占……比例，说明；differsfrom与……不同；makesfor导致，有助于。arisesfrom由……引起。句意：在任务和决策中的共享模式有助于平等，这反过来又导致进一步分享。13.Thetouch_______morethanwordsorgestures.Itisinstantlyunderstoodandclearlyshowsthefeelings.A.understandsB.explainsC.communicatesD.knows【答案】C【解析】考查动词。understand懂得；explain解释；communicate传递(信息)；know 知道。句意：通过接触传递出的信息远胜于语言或手势，它能迅速被人理解并且准确地表达感情。14.Someone’sbeen_______thenewsthatyouplantoresign.Couldyoutellmeyourownidea?A.leadingtoB.actingonC.puttingaboutD.approvingof【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语。putabout“传播，散布”，符合语境。leadto导致；acton依照……行动；approveof赞成。句意：有人一直在散布你打算辞职的消息。你能告诉我你自己的想法吗？15.Theforcedsmileonherfaceshouldn’tbe_______assatisfactionwithyourresponse.A.imaginedB.interpretedC.describedD.transferred【答案】B16.Towards_______eveningafterschool,_______icyrainbegantofallandtheroadbecameslippery.A.the;anB./;anC.an;anD.an;the【答案】/;an【解析】句意：临近傍晚放学后，一场冰雨从天而降，道路变得很滑。towardsevening临近傍晚，evening前不加冠词；rain指“雨水”，是不可数名词，指“一场雨”是可数名词，其前常常有形容词修饰。如：aheavyrain一场大雨。故知选B项。17.Itisalwaysthecasethatthepoliceconductedaninvestigationandlookattheevidencethatmaysuggestwho_______theoffence.A.commitsB.commitC.committedD.willcommit【答案】C【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：在案件中通常是警察先进行调查再研究那些表明可能是谁犯罪的证据。题干中“suggest”一词较有迷惑性，此处考查的是“暗示，表明”之意，故不能使用虚拟语气。18.—DoyouhaveanyideawhyJennyleftthefirm?—Probably,she_______forapayrise,butwasturneddown.A.hasheldoutB.holdsoutC.heldoutD.has beenholdingout【答案】C【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：“你知道为什么詹妮离开公司吗？”“可能是因为她提出涨工资被拒绝了。”与but后的时态wasturned一致也用过去时，表示过去发生的一个事实，此处是主动意思。19.—Howisthesmogcontrolgoingoninourcapitalcity?—Itcouldn’tbeworse.You_______believeBeijingupgradedthesmogalertfromyellowtoorangeandthenredagainyesterday.A.won’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t【答案】A【解析】考查情态动词。句意：“我们首都的雾霾控制进展如何?”“再糟糕不过了。你简直难以置信北京昨天再次将雾霾警报从黄色升级到橙色然后再到红色。”will表意愿、将来、习惯性或者反复的动作。mustn’t意为“禁止”；needn’t意为“不需要，不必”；shouldn’t意为“不应该”。20.—Well,ImissedtheearlytraintoSuzhou.—Buthadyouhurried,you_______.A.shouldn’tB.hadn’thadC.wouldn’tD.wouldn’thave【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气。hadyouhurried等于ifyouhadhurried，表示对过去的虚拟，故主句用wouldhavedone形式。句意：“哎呀，我错过了去苏州的早班火车。”“可你若抓紧时间的话，你就不会误车了。”21.Laughterproducesshort-termchangesinthefunctionoftheheartandbloodcirculation,_______heartrateandoxygenconsumption.A.increasingB.toincreaseC.havingincreasedD.beingincreased【答案】A22.Mostofthemoneyforthereconstructionofthequake-strickentownhasbeenallocatedbythegovernment,therest_______fromthecomingcharityconcerts.A.tobecollectedB.havingbeencollected C.beingcollectedD.tohavebeencollected【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词动词与修饰的成分即逻辑主语“therest(money)”之间为动宾关系，且根据候命的“coming”说明是将来的事，故用非谓语动词的一般式的被动式。句意：地震灾区重建的大部分资金已经由政府下拨，其余的资金将从即将到来的慈善音乐会上募集。23.Thebestmomentinthemoviestar’slifewas_______hereceivedtheAcademyAwardforBestActor.A.whereB.whenC.howD.why【答案】B【解析】考查名词从句。根据主语moment可知，此处用when引导表语从句。句意：对于这个电影明星来说，他最辉煌的时刻就是当他获得奥斯卡最佳男主角奖的时候。24.Somechildrenwanttochallengethemselvesbylearningalanguagedifferentfrom_______theirparentsspeakathome.A.oneB.thatC.whichD.what【答案】D【解析】考查名词从句。句中的from缺少宾语,what既引导了宾语从句,又充当了speak的宾语。句意：有些孩子想通过学习一门和父母在家说的完全不同的语言来挑战自己。25.—Oh,myGod!Theheatissimplyunbearablehere.—Well,withthenicefoodinthecityI’llbehappyhere_______thetemperatureis.A.whateverB.wheneverC.whereverD.whichever【答案】A【解析】考查状语从句。由句子结构可知，此处应用whatever引导让步状语从句，其在从句中作系动词is的表语。句意：“哦，天哪！这儿天气热得让人受不了。”“嗯。城里有好吃的食物无论气温多高，我都会很高兴呆在这里的。”26.Idon’trunawayfromachallenge_______Iamafraid.Instead,Iruntowardsitfortheonlywaytoovercomefearistostanduptoit.A.untilB.beforeC.whyD.because【答案】D 【解析】考查状语从句。此处应用because引导原因状语从句。注意否定的转移。句意：面对挑战我不会因为害怕而逃离，我反而会正面迎向它，因为克服害怕的唯一方法就是面对它。27.Theposition_______youareapplyingrequiresgoodcomputerskills,goodorganizationalandcommunicationskills.A.inwhichB.withwhichC.forwhichD.towhich【答案】C28.Isupposeitissuchabadsituation_______mostofitsformerandpresentemployeeswillfeelupsetabout.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.as【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。该题考查的是“such”修饰先行词的定语从句，故使用as一词来充当从句中的宾语。句意：我想这是一个大部分新老员工都感到难过的糟糕境况。29.—Howwasyournegotiationwithyourboss?—Bynomeans,Iwasdetermined,_______toseeroomtogivein.A.IwasB.wasIC.IcouldD.couldI【答案】B【解析】考查倒装句。“bynomeans”位于句首的部分倒装，不要被分隔现象所迷惑，去除“Iwasdetermined”后，倒装结构就一目了然。句意：“与你老板的谈判怎样？”“我下定决心了，无论如何我都不会让步的。”30.—Whatdoyouthinkofthepaperofhis?—Inhispaper,heemphasizedthemethodattheexpenseofcontenttoomuch.Hereally_______.A.learnedtowalkbeforeyourunB.practicedmakesperfectC.putthecartbeforethehorseC.learnedtofishbutnotjustaskedforfish【答案】C 二、完形填空Ifyou’vealwayshopedtogiveupyour9-to-5jobtomovetoMainetooperatearestaurant,thentheCenterLovellInn,builtin1805,couldmakeyourdreamcometrue.Allyouneedtomakeityoursis$125,apostagestamp,anda200-wordessay.In1993,thethen-owneroftheinn,Smith,__1__anessaycontesttofindasuccessor(继任者).HechoseJack,whohadbeen__2__a50,000-square-footrestaurantinMaryland__3__winningownershipoftheinn.ButaftermorethantwodecadesofmanagingtheCenterLovellInn,Jack,now68,isreadyto__4__.Andhe’splanninghisownessaycontestoffindtheinn’snewowner.“Therearealotofvery__5__peopleintherestaurantbusinesswhowouldliketohavetheirownplacebutcan’t__6__it,”JacktoldthePressHerald.“Thisisawayforthemtohavethe__7__totry.”Jackhopesto__8__atleast7,500participants,whichwouldearnhimmorethan$900,000.Jackhaspromisedtostop__9__limitstotheparticipantsafterthenumberofthem__10__thatfigure7,500.“IfIgetmoreparticipants,allthebetter,”hesaid.Toapply,applicants(18yearsofageandolder)can__11__a200-or-less-wordessayonthe__12__ofwhythey’retherightfit,aswellasacheckfor$125,totheCenterLovellInnpostmarkedbyMay7.Jackwell__13__theapplicantstoatop20andfromthere,twoanonymous(匿名)judgeswillselectthenew__14__oftheinn.Jackishoppingto__15__thesuccessoronMay1st,2017.Jackis__16__thatjustasitdidlasttime,theessaycontestwill__17__afittingnewownerforthecenturies-oldinn.Hesaidpeopleoftenaskedhim,“‘Whatifyougetthe__18__personorwhatifthispersonliestoyou’?Ouranswerwasandis,‘Wetrust.’Itwaspartofthe__19__ofthiswholething.Andit__20__wewereright.”语篇解读：一个名叫“洛弗尔中心酒店”以前通过作文比赛招了一个名叫杰克的新主人。现在杰克要退休了，酒店准备再用原来的方法再找一个新主人。1.A.electedB.heldC.attainedD.undertook 【答案】B【解析】A.elected选举；B.held举行；C.attained获得；D.undertook承担。酒店的老板史密斯举办了一场作文竞赛来寻找继任者。故选B。2.A.obtainingB.botheringC.adoringD.managing【答案】D【解析】A.obtaining获得；bothering打扰；adoring喜爱；managing管理，经营。杰克在赢得这个酒店所有权之前一直在管理经营着一个5万平方英尺的餐馆。故选D。3.A.beforeB.afterC.whileD.for【答案】A4.A.distinguishB.retireC.pauseD.operate【答案】B【解析】A.distinguish区别；B.retire退休；C.pause暂停；D.operate操作。Jack准备退休了，计划找新的继承人。故选B。5.A.miserableB.thoughtfulC.talentedD.arbitrary【答案】C【解析】A.miserable悲伤的；B.thoughtful体贴的；C.talented有才能的；D.arbitrary随意的，任性的。在酒店行业有许多有才能的人，他们想要属于自己的地方，但是却买不起。故选C。6.A.affordB.accumulateC.adjustD.purchase【答案】A【解析】A.afford付得起；B.accumulate收集；C.adjust调整；D.purchase购买。句意见上一题，答案为A。7.A.justiceB.procedureC.assumptionD.opportunity【答案】D 【解析】A.justice正义；B.procedure过程；C.assumption假设；D.opportunity机会。这是一个让他们有机会去尝试的方法，故选D。8.A.governB.astonishC.attractD.comfort【答案】C【解析】A.govern管理；B.astonish使吃惊；C.attract吸引；D.comfort使安慰。杰克希望能吸引7500个参加者，这会让他挣90万美元。故选C。9.A.indicatingB.settingC.reflectingD.acknowledging【答案】B【解析】A.indicating暗示，表明；B.setting设定；C.reflecting反射；D.acknowledging认可。在参加者的数量达到了7500人后杰克承诺停止设定限制参加者。故选B。10.A.arrivesB.strikesC.associatesD.reaches【答案】D11.A.sendB.prepareC.donateD.preserve【答案】A【解析】A.send送，寄；B.prepare准备；C.donate捐赠；D.preserve保护。应聘者可以“为什么他们最适合”为话题发送一篇200字或少于200字的文章。故选A。12.A.reformB.breakthroughC.competenceD.topic【答案】D【解析】A.reform改革；B.breakthrough突破；C.competence能力；D.topic话题。参看上题的解析。13.A.keepupB.narrowdownC.applyforD.castdown【答案】B 【解析】A.keepup保持；B.narrowdown使变窄，减少；C.applyfor申请；D.castdown抛下，丢下。然后杰克将应聘者减少到前20名。故选B。14.A.ownerB.authorityC.interpreterD.volunteer【答案】A【解析】A.owner主人，所有者；B.authority当局，当权者；C.interpreter翻译；D.volunteer志愿者。由两位匿名的裁判选出这个酒店的新主人。故选A。15.A.identifyB.remarkC.announceD.resist【答案】C【解析】A.identify确定，识别；B.remark评论；C.announce宣布；D.resist抵制。杰克希望在2017年5月1日宣布继任者。此处指很正式地对外宣告，故选C。16.A.reasonableB.thankfulC.confidentD.conservative【答案】C【解析】A.reasonable合理的；B.thankful感谢的；C.confident自信的；D.conservative保守的。Jack很自信正如上一次做的一样。选C。17.A.pickoutB.teamupwithC.bringbackD.callup【答案】A【解析】A.pickout挑选；B.teamupwith与……合作；C.bringback带回；D.callup打电话，回忆。这个作文比赛将会给这个世纪老酒店挑选出适合的新主人。故选A。18.A.currentB.innocentC.cautiousD.wrong【答案】D【解析】A.current当前的；B.innocent无辜的；C.cautious小心的；D.wrong错误的。要是你选了错误的人或这个人对你撒谎该怎么办呢？故选D。19.A.meansB.drawbackC.magicD.hardship【答案】C 20.A.livedonB.turnedoutC.markedoutD.setaside【答案】B【解析】A.livedon继续存在；B.turnedout证明是，结果是；C.markedout标出；D.setaside放置一旁，不理会。并且结果证明我们是对的，故选B。三、任务型阅读请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填上一个最恰当的词。Thelossofhandwritinginourhigh-techworldsaddensme.Peopleofallagesopenlyadmittheirhandwritingaskeyboardsreplacepenandpaper.Increasingly,schoolchildrendealwithassignmentsoncomputerandstruggletowrite,havinghadlittlepractice.Iamofthegenerationthatlearnttowritewithadippeninkindergartenandafountainpeninhighschool;bythetimeIreacheduniversity,likeeveryoneelse.Iusedafunctionalballpoint.HandwritinghasfilledeveryaspectofmylifesinceIwasfirsttaughttoshapelettersonthelinedpagesofmyexercisebooks.Fromtheageof12,Ikeptahandwrittenjournal,recordingmythoughtsandfeelingsregardingboththesignificantandmundaneaspectsofmylife.ThroughthisdailypracticeIconnectedwithmyself,exploredexperiencesandfoundawaytointerpretandmakesenseofmyrelationships.AlthoughIrarelyrereadmywrittenmaterial,theprocessofwritinghasremainedwithmeasameansofprocessingmyfeelingsandfiltering(过滤)myexperiences.Yettoday,handwrittenlettersareasrareasaredpanda.Fewofuswriteanylonger,eventothosetowhomweareclose.Wecommunicatedifficultywhenwee-mailortext,bothmethodscharacterizedbyspeedandinformality.Thedeepthinkingwhichaccompaniedahandwrittenletter.isalmostentirelyabsent.Wemaybecommunicatingmorefrequentlyandwithmorepeople,butthedepthandqualityofourcommunicationhasreduced. Sadly,moderntechnologytendstobetemporary.Fewofuskeepolde-mailsorevenprintthemout,soasenseofhistoryandmemoryislost.Archivists(档案管理者)reportthatmoreinformationhasbeenlostinthepastdecadethanintheprevious150years.Itistooeasytopressthedeletebutton.Inmanyotherareasofrecords,materialisnowinthedigitalformat.Yetsavingmaterialinadigitalformalonlyisextremelyunstable.Howitwillsurvivethefutureremainsaproblem.Inthisdigitalworldoftext,e-mailsandinstantmessaging,theperceivedvalueofwritingisnolongerobviousandthecaseforretainingthepracticeofwritingneedstobemade.Shouldwesavethebumblepenandpaperwhenlaptopsandmobilesarefunctional,universalandunstoppable?Shouldchildrencontinuetobetaughttowritewithapenandpaper?Withitspassing.agoodmodeofself-expressionisbeinglost.Iinvitereaderstoengagewithhandwritingandbecomeawareofthisspecialskillthathascreatedcivilizationforcenturies.ParagraphoutlineDetailedinformationThecurrent(1)ofhandwriting▲Students(2)tocomputerstocompletetheirhomework▲Withlittlepractice,studentshave(3)writing.▲Weseldomwriteletterseventopeoplewearecloseto.Theauthor’slinkwithhandwriting▲Theauthor(4)himselftohandwritingfromkindergartentouniversity▲Theauthorkept(5)ofhisthoughtsandfeelingsbykeepingwritingjournals.▲Theauthorwritingalsotakes(6)of writingtoprocesshisfeelingandfilteringhisexperiences.The(7)withmoderncommunicationmethods▲Thereisan(8)ofdepthandqualityine-mailandtexts▲Thetemporarinessofmoderntechnologytendstogive(9)tothelossofsomehistoryandmemory▲Savingmaterialsonlyinadigitalformatisnotverystable.▲Astyleofself-expressionisbeinglost.Theauthor’s(10)topeopleforhandwritingWriteasmuchaspossibleandrealizetheimportanceofthisspecialart语篇解读：文章讲述了书写的重要性。高科技的出现使得人们渐渐地忘记写自己的笔记。所有年龄段的人公开承认自己的书写越来越差。作者从幼儿园起一直到大学一直致力于书写，他呼吁人们要重视书写，练习书法。1.【答案】situation2.【答案】turn【解析】信息转换题。根据文中Increasingly,schoolchildrendealwithassignmentsoncomputerandstruggletowrite,havinghadlittlepractice.可知目前学生求助于电脑来完成他们的作业。turnto...求助于……。3.【答案】trouble/difficulty/problems【解析】信息转换题。根据第一段中havinghadlittlepractice.可知学生在书写上有困难。固定搭配：havetrouble/difficulty/problemsindoingsth.在做某事上有困难，故填trouble/difficulty/problems。4.【答案】committed/devoted/dedicated 【解析】信息转换题。根据第一段中IamofthegenerationthatlearnttowritewithadippeninkindergartenandafountainpeninhighschoolbythetimeIreacheduniversity,likeeveryoneelse,Iusedafunctionalballpoint.可知作者从幼儿园起到大学一直致力于书写。固定搭配：committee/devote/dedicateoneselfto...，献身于……，根据句意可知此空填committed/devoted/dedicated。5.【答案】track【解析】信息转换题。根据第一段中Fromtheageof12,Ihavekeptahandwrittenjournal,recordingmythoughtsandfeelingsregardingboththesignificantandboringaspectsofmylife.可知作者保持写日志来记录自己的思想和感情。固定词组：keeptrackof记录，与……保持联系，故填track。6.【答案】advantage【解析】信息转换题。根据第一段最后一句AlthoughIrarelyrereadmywrittenmaterial,theprocessofwritinghasremainedwithmeasameansofprocessingmyfeelingsandfiltering(过滤))myexperiences.可知作者还利用文字处理自己的感情和过滤自己经历。固定词组：takeadvantageof利用。故填advantage。7.【答案】problems【解析】信息概括题。根据第二段中Wecommunicatedifferentlywhenwee-mailortext,bothmethodscharacterizedbyspeedandinformality.可知现代传播方法存在问题。根据句意可知此处填problems。8.【答案】absence【解析】信息转换题。根据第二段最后一句Wemaybecommunicatingmorefrequentlyandwithmorepeople,butthedepthandqualityofourcommunicationhasreduced.可知在电子邮件和文本中没有深度和质量。故此空填absence缺席。9.【答案】rise/birth10.【答案】appeal 【解析】信息转换题。根据最后一段Iinvitereaderstoengagewithhandwritingandbecomeawareofthisspecialskillthathascreatedcivilizationforcenturies.可知作者呼吁人们的笔迹。固定词组：appealto呼吁。根据句意可知此空填appeal。