2013高考英语语法最后30天精讲精练新：从句 9页

英语主要从句精讲精练从句的基本构成形式：一、（引导从句的）关联词+陈述句常见的关联词：1、引导多种从句的常见关联词：what,when,where,who,which,why,how,that,as,since,whether,which,whatever,whenever,if,etc.2、引导一种从句（常为状语从句）的常见关联词：until,till,after,before,than,solongas,asfaras,assoonas,themoment,everytime,eachtime,asif,nowthat,evenif(thought),bythetime,inorderthat,as…as,once,incase,immediately,howlong,etc.二、主语从句NOTICE:Whatweneedmostarebooks.主语从句三要素：1、关联词不能省略2、谓语动词用单数3、从句用陈述语序常见引导词:what,when,where，which,who,that，whether,how，whatever,whoeverWhetheritwilldousharmorgoodremainstobeseen.Iswhatyoutoldmereallytrue?Idon’tthinkthatwhateverhappensisright.三、表语从句:1、关联词不能省略2、从句用陈述语序常见引导词:what,when,where,why,whether,how,that,because,which,WhatsurprisedmemostwasthathespokeEnglishsowell.Thequestionishowwhatyou’vesaidcanbeputintopractice.Thereason(why)hedidn’tcomeisthathewasill.It(This,That)isbecauseironcontainsmorecarbonthansteel.四、同位语从句:1、关联词不能省略2、从句用陈述语序从句的名词后接同位语:fact,idea,word，promise,saying，problem,news常见引导词:that,whether,where,how,etc.Thefactsthathesucceededintheexperimentpleasedus.Anideacametoherthatshemightdothatinanotherway.Scientistshavearguedovertheproblemwhetherthereislifeonotherplanets.五、宾语从句1.从句用陈述语序:Freemovieticketswillbegiventowhoevercomesfirst.Parentsgenerallybuywhicheverbookstheirchildrenwant.IrealizedthatwhatIsaidwasnotexactlywhatImeanttosay.Ioncereadthat“Thebeautyoflifeisitschanges“andthat“Theartoflifeliesinaconstantreadjustment(适应）tooursurroundings.”Sleep-teachingwillonlyhammerinto(强硬灌输）yourheadwhatyouhavestudiedalreadywhileyouareawake.2.it可做形式宾语代替宾语从句:Weallthoughtitapitythathedidn’tcome.六、名词性从句的综合问题１、whether与if:If只能引导宾语从句，不能引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing２、which,what不能引导同位语从句，,what不能引导定语从句。３、whatever,whichever,whoever可以引导名词性从句，“一切，任何，无论”Whoevertelephones,tellthemI’mout.Whicheverdayyoucome,we’llbepleasedtoseyou.Whateverproblemyouhave,youcanalwayscometomeforhelp.七、What-clause1、what=somethingthat/which（即含“内容”）2、可以引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句：WhatmoneyIhavehasbeengiventoyou.3、在从句中担当主语、宾语、表语、定语：Showmewhatyouhavewritten.Heisnotwhathewasafewyearsago.Whatmattersmostisgoodhealth.FIUhasopened(that)whatitsaysisthefirstcomputerartintheUS.4.引导插入语：Heishandsome,andwhatismore,veryrich,_____wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.A.ItB.ThisC.WhatD.As（08山东）C此题考查主语从句连词的选择。关键在于看出shetoldme是插入语，从结构上不影响整个句子的表达。据题意“她告诉我，对她来说最重要的是她的家庭”，第二个was第9页共9页 是整个句子的谓语动词。所选词须是连词用来引导主语从句。故可排除A,B。as不能引导主语从句，也可排除。what引导名词性从句在从句中做主语。八、状语从句状语从句引导从句的连词　备　　注时间after,as,before,once,since,till,until,when,whenever,while,aslongas,assoonas,hardly(scarcely)…when,Nosooner…than,thetime(moment,instant,minute,day…)hardly,nosooner在句首，引导的从句要部分倒装since引导的从句注意看启动词是否是瞬间动词还是延续性动词．when引导的从句注意其特殊用法．一些名词也可以引导时间状语从句．地点where,wherever后者表示强调．方式as,asif,asthough,as引导的方式状语从句多在句首．原因because,since,as,now(that)语气一个比一个弱．for可以引导原因状语从句，但它只能位于句末．结果so…that,　　such(a)…that,sothat,　　　thatso…that中的so在句首，主句要部分倒装．目的sothat,inorderthat,that,so,sothat使用最普遍．条件if,unless,incase,aslongas,注意分清if从句中是否该用虚拟语气．让步though,although,evenif,eventhough,as,inspiteofthefact,while,nomatterwh-,as引导的让步状语从句要倒装．1.when;while;as;whenever◇when从句∣●————点动作，瞬间动作）————∣————————————主句∣●————瞬间动作；延续动作）I’llspeaktohimwhenhearrives.When(While,As)hestayedthere,hebegantostudyGerman.◇while从句∣————段动作，延续动作————∣————————————主句∣●————瞬间动作；延续动作While(When)wewereinParis,wesawhimtwice.Thedoorbellrangwhile(when)wewerewatchingTV.◇as从句∣———————∣———————(多表示主从句动作同时进行)主句∣————Shesangasshedidherhomework.Ashisbrotherwasgoingout,itbegantorain.◇whenever(无论何时）：Wheneveryou(may)call(看她),you’llfindhersittingbythewindow.★when表示并列(justatthattime)，用在句子中部Iamgoingout(Iamabouttogoout)whenthephonerings.★两个短动作同时发生用as，或justas，有时也用when，长动作同时发生用whileIthoughtofitjustasyouopenedyourmouth.Hestoodquietlywhiletheguardssearchedhisclothes.★while可表示对比转折Sheisinredwhilehersisterisinyellow.★while还可表“趁......时”Weshouldgoandlookatthemonkeyswhiletheyarestillthere.★while表“尽管，虽然”（多放在句首）Whiletheyaremyneighbours,Idon’tknowthewell.★while表示“只要”Whilethereislifetherishope.★as表示两种发展或变化的情况，“随着......”Asitgrew,itbecameloder.★when引导的从句，用一般时态表示未来的事情Cometomewhenyoulike.2.till(until);not…till(until)1).肯定：主句谓语动词是延续动词,表达动作或状态持续“到……为止”（即：主句动作或状态到until或till表达的时间结束）从句∣until/till———∣———————∣——We’llstayheretillitstopsraining.主句∣----→∣（结束）2).否定主句谓语动词是短暂动词,表达动作或状态“直到……才开始”（即：主句动作或状态到until或till表达的时间才开始做从句∣until/till————∣—————∣————Hedidn’tleavetheofficeuntilhisbosscame.第9页共9页 主句∣（开始）∣-→倒装：Notuntilhesawhismotherdidthelittleboysmile.强调：Itwasnotuntilhesayhismotherthattheboysmiled.3．bythetime,nexttime，everytime,eachtime，theday,theweek，etc.EverytimeIlistentoyouradvice,Igetintotrouble.Thedayhereturned,hisfatherwasalreadydead.theyarrived,wehadalreadyleft.Bythetimetheyarrive,wewillhavealreadyleft.4．assoonas,themoment,ondoing,nosooner…than,hardly…whenAssoonasIsawhimIknewtherewasnohope→Themoment(that)IsawhimIknewtherewasnohope.→OnseeinghimIknewtherewasnohope.→NosoonerhadIseenhimthanIknewtherewasnohope.5.where,whereverAdrivershouldslowdownwherethereareschools.对比:Hewillworkinthefactorywhereweneedhmmost.(定从)Hewillworkwhereweneedhimmost.（状从）（定语从句前必有被修饰的地点名词，而状语从句前没有）Whereverhehappenstobe,Clintcanmakehimselfathome.6.because,for，as,since◇because表示产生某种结果的直接的必然的原因；◇for用来补充说明理由，不放在句首，“倒果为因”becausethesunhasrisen.Thedaybreaksforthebirdsaresingsing.Becauseitrainedlastnight,thegroundiswetthismorning.Itrainedlastnight,forthegroundiswetthismorning.◇since原因是人们已知的，以既知事实说明理由“既然……就”Sinceyoucan’tanswerthequestion,we’dbetterasksomeoneelse.◇as原因、理由比较明显，语气比较弱，“由于……”AsIamill,Iwon"tgo.介词表示因果:Wehadanaccidentbecauseofhiscarelessness.ThankstoJohn’skindhelp,wefinishedearly.Wehadanaccidentduetohiscarelessness.Owingtohiscarelessnesswehadanaccident.(由于)7.sothat,soastodo;inorderthat,inordertodo（目的）Weclimbedhigh(so)thatwemightgetabetterview.Weclimbedhighsoastogetabetterview.Ispokeslowlyinorderthattheaudiencecouldunderstandme.Ispokeslowlyinorderfortheaudiencetounderstandme.getabetterview,weclimbed.A.InorderB.InordertoC.SoasD.Soasto8.so…that,such…that,suchthat（结果）ThehouseissoexpensiveThisissuchanexpensivehouseThisissoexpensiveahousethatIcan’taffordtobuyit.SoexpensiveisthehouseSuchanexpensivehouseisthis比较：soastodosth:“以便”，表示目的；Goinquietlysoasnottowakethebaby.so/such…astodosth:“如此…以致于”，表示结果；Hewassofoolishastobelieveher.Hewassuchafoolastobelieveher.9.though,although,as,1)句首常用although，而though较为普遍句中。2）though,as可以倒装Youngas(though)heis,heisknowledgeable.Tryas(though)hemight,hecouldn’tgetout.3）though:可用在句尾，表示“然而”Itwashardwork;Ienjoyedit,though.4)介词表示让步(inspiteof,despite)Inspiteoftheheavyrain,shewenttotheshop.5)although/though不和but连用，但可用yet/still。10.than等表示倍数：第9页共9页 longerthanAisthreetimesaslongasthanB.thelengthof◇nomore…than：Youarenotallerthanhe.=Youarenottallandheisnottall,either.11．ifso,ifnot,ifonly1)ifso用来代替完整的句子：Haveyougotafreeeveningnextweek?Ifso,let’shavedinner.2)ifnot用来代替完整的句子：Isanybodyfeelingcold?Ifnot,let’sopenthewindow.3)ifonly后常用过去时或过去完成时，可以表达强烈的愿望或遗憾IfonlyIknewwhatyouwanted!Ifonlyyouhadn’ttoldhimwhatIsaid,everythingwouldhavebeenallright.12.assoonas,as(so)faras,aslongas,aswellas各有两种情况：◇assoonas：①Finishitassoonasyoucan(possible).②Thestudentswerequietassoonastheteachercamein◇as(so)faras：①You’dbetterwalkasfarasthefootofthehill.（远至）②AsfarasIknow,heisagooddoctor.（就……而言）◇as(so)longas：①Youcanstayaslongasyoulike.（长达）②Solongasyouneedme,I’llstay.（只要）◇aswellas：①Shecooksaswellashermother(does).（一样好）②Shesingsaswellasheplays.（不但弹得好而且唱得好）Shesingsaswellasplayingthepiano.（重点在前面）13.状语从句的其它几个问题：1）省略：◇主从句主语一致时；Thoughtired,hewouldn’tstopworking.◇从句主谓语是itis(was)时；Whenastudentintheuniversity,hereadalot.◇常用词：when,while,if,until,after,until,although,than,etc.Ifnotnecessary,you’dbetterleavetomorrow.◇基本结构：从属连词＋adj./n./-ing/-ed：SincecomingtoParis,Ihavemademanynewfriends.2）incase◇万一......的话，在......的情况下；◇以防，免得Incaseanythingimportanthappens,pleasecallmeup.Takeataxiincaseyouarelateforthemeeting.3)nomatterwhat(who,when,where...)引导状语从句，可相当于whatever,whoever,whenever…，但前者不能引导名词性从句Nomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotsayaword.Nomatterwhatyoudodon’ttouchtheswitch.Shewasgoingtobeasingernomatterwhatdifficultiesshemet.I’vedecidedtoleavetomorrow,nomatterwhat.Whatevershesaysgoes.Talktomeaboutwhateveristroublingyou.I’lljustsaywhatevercomesintomyhead.Afterall,whateverherfaults(are,省略),she’sTommy’smother.Usethesimplewhenever(it’s)possible.Whileshedidmostofthecooking,herdaughterwasofsomehelp,howeversmall.九、定语从句1.总论：定语从句在句中使用频率非常高，它分为限制性或非限制性两种。限制性定语从句上用来修饰人物事物，它与所修饰的名词或名词词组不可分割，非限制性定语从句是用来对修饰的人或物作补充说明。定语从句的关键是：①引导定语从句的关联词；②被定语从句所修饰的先行词。关联词的三要素：①引导功能（引导定语从句，连接主从句）；②替代功能（代表所修饰的先行词）；③成分功能（在从句中担当一定成分）2.关系代词：thatwhichwhowhomwhoseas①关系代词引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，从句谓语动词在人称和数上要和先行词一致。Hedoes’tlikethebookwhich(that)isverythick.(Hedoesn’tlikehebook.Itisverythick.)②关系代词引导定语从句并在从句中作宾语，此时，从句中要注意不要重复宾语，而且which,that,who,whom还可以省略.Theletter(which,that)IreceivedwasfromMissLi.(TheletterwasfromMissLi.Ireceivedit.)Heistheman(who,whom)wemetinthehotel.(Heistheman.Wemethiminthehotel.)第9页共9页 ③关系代词whose引导定语从句并在从句中作定语，whose可指人也可指物.Ihaven’tmetMrLi,whosesonismyteachernow.(Ihaven’tmetMrLi.Hissonismyteachernow.)ThecomputerwhoseCPUdoesn’twokhastoberepaired.(Thecomputerhastoberepaired.ItsCPUdoesn’twork.)3.关系副词：whenwherewhy；它们引导定语从句并在从句中作状语when=in/on/at+which(时间)where=in/on/at+which(地点)why=forwhich(原因)比较:ThisisthedaythatI’llneverforget.(Thisistheday.Wemetonthatday.)Thisisthedaywhen(onwhich)wemet(him).We’llgotothefactorythatyouvisited.(We’llgotothefactory.Heworksthere.)We’llgotothefactorywhere(inwhich)heworks.Wedon’tknowthereasonwhy(that)hefellill.4.which,that的区别①that可指人或物，which只能指物：I"llneverforgetthepersonsandtheschoolthatIsaw.②先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰用that：Thisisthelongestpencil(that)Ihaveeverseen.③先行词是all,little,-thing,或者被all,no,every,little,only等修饰时，用thatThat’sall(that)Iwanttosay.④which可以引导非限制定语从句，而that不可以：Thebookisred,whichsurprisesme,⑤that前不加介词：Thisisthehouseinwhichhelives.(thathelivesin)5.带介词的定语从句①介词通常放在which,whom之前：Isthisthefactoryinwhichyouwork?NOTICE:⑴含介词的短语动词，介词不提前：That’stheboyyouarelookingfor.⑵非限制性定语从句中，介词一般提前：Theman,aboutwhomwehadheard,washereyesterday.②n.(pron.)+ofwhich/whom：Thepersons,mostofwhomwerestudents,enjoyedtheplay.TherearepyramidsinEgypt,thelargestofwhich(ofwhichthelargest)istheGreatPyramid.③复杂介词+which/whom（通常倒装）Theystayedinabighotel,infrontofwhichwasagarden.Hecametoahouse,onthedoorofwhichwasaplate.6.as作关系代词①可以引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语和表语，从句既可以放在句首也可以放在句子后部。“正如……”，“象……（一样的）”Hewasstronglyagainsttheplanascouldbeexpected.Aseverybodycansee,hehasdonewhatheshoulddo.②such(…)as,thesame(…)as：Ihavethesametroubleasyou(have).Myhometownisnolongerthesameasitwas.Suchviewsashehasmentionedshouldbediscussed.③比较练习：so…as;so…that;such(…)as;such(…)that⑴Hereissobigastone(suchabigstone)noonecanlift.(noonecanliftit.⑵TheinstrumentisnotIsawontheexhibition.⑶TheweatherwasIcouldn’tgoout.⑷Sheisn’tsuchacarelessstudentyouthinksheis.(KEY:⑴as(that)⑵suchas⑶suchthat⑷as)7.其它：①插入语:HeranfromthestationwhichIthoughtwasimpossible.(which,Ithought,was…)②并列主从句，两个或多个定语从句由and,but,or连接，共同修饰一个词：I’mtalkingaboutfriendswhocaredeeplyabouteachother,whosupporteachother,andwhomakelifeworthliving.第二部分英语主要从句精讲精练巩固练习部分名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句1.Sorry.I’veforgottentheplace____________(你们谈论的)justnow.(talk)第9页共9页 1.Everyday,__________(不管天气怎么样),shewalkstenmilesfromhometoschool.(what)2.Facingsomnchwork,theydidn’tknow________________(他们什么时候会休息)。(have)3.______________(这是常有的事),Ireviewmylessonsafterdoingalllthehomework..(case)4.Thereason___________(为什么他不能上大学)wasthathisgradesweretoolow.(college)5.Pleasetakewarmclothes___________(以防天气变冷)。（become）6._____________(他们还没来得及锁门)，anewwavecame,sweepingdownthedoor,andsweepingthemdowntoo.(lock)7.TheEnglishteacher______(经常提醒我们)workhardwillbesentabroadnextmonth.(remind)8.Hehasgreatdifficultyinworkingouttheproblem,soweshoulddoall_________(尽力帮助他)（can）9.Nothingcouldhavesavedhim____________(即使他得到治疗)withbestmedicine.(if,treat)10.Thefact______________(他被谋杀)makeseveryoneinhisofficeupset.(murder)11.Thestudentssatoppedtalking________________(铃声一响)。(moment)12.IhopethatyoupractisereadingEnglisheveryday.Onlyinthatway______________(你才能提高)yourspokenEnglish.(improve)13.Helettheboywashdishes,_____________(没有洗过)foratleastaweek.(clean)14.Themostimportantthing______________(你应该注意的)iswhatIjusttoldyou.(attention)15.Theresultofthematchwasverysatisfying,just______________(正如我们所期盼的)。（as）16.You’dbetterputthesebooks_____________(原地)sothatotherscanreadthem。（be）17.Recently,Tomhasbeenworkinghard,soIwonder________(进展得怎么样)hisstudies.(get)18.__________________（他是否对艺术有鉴赏力）isn’tknowntous.(eye)19.____________________(他们所拥有的共同之处)isthattheyareallindependent.(common)20.___________(使我真正感到失望的是)isthathefailedintheexaminationagain.(disappoint)21.Asthestoriesofthewitnessesarequitedifferent,thepolice______(不知道相信谁)。（whom）22._________(不管人们来自哪里)，theyreallywanttoseetheorignalbeautyofHawaii.(come)23.Franklin’sexperimentshowedthatlightning___________(和电是一样的)。（be）24.________________（我绝对没有想到）hehadfailedintheexam.(occur)25.____________(你有没有想过)thatImightliketobeonmyownoccasionally?(occur)26.Itwas__________(直到两天后)thathewasinformedofthelatestnews.(until)27.I’llgotothepartywithyou_____(条件是)youdon’twearthosestrangetrousers.(condition)28.____________（不管它有多远），Iintendtodrivetheretoday.(however)29.Wemustrespecttheoldandlovetheyoung__________(无论我们在哪里)。（where）二．◆典型陷阱题分析◆1.Shewassoangryandspokesofastthatnoneofusunderstood_______hesaidmeant.　　A.thatB.whatC.thatthatD.whatwhat2.After_______hadhappenedhecouldnotcontinuetoworkthere.　　A.whichB.howC.whatD.having请再做下面一题：Hepointedto______lookedlikeatombandsaid,“Ghost.”　　A.thatB.whatC.whichD.as3.“Is______youwanttosay?”askedtheteacher.　　A.thisB.thatC.allthatD.thatall4.“When______leaveforJapan?”“When______leaveforJapaniskeptsecret.”A.theywill,willtheyB.willthey,theywillC.theywill,theywillD.willthey,willthey(1)Noneknowsif_______thatboy,butif_______him,herparentswillbedisappointed.　　A.shewillmarry,shewillmarryB.shemarries,shemarries　　C.shewillmarry,shemarriesD.shemarries,shewillmarry(2)“Where_______gotowork?”“Where_______gotoworkisnotknown.”第9页共9页 A.weshall,weshallB.shallwe,shallweC.shallwe,weshallD.weshall,shallwe5.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee______.　　A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis6.Don’tyouknow,mydearfriend,______itisyourmoneynotyouthatsheloves?　　A.whoB.whichC.thatD.what(1)Everyoneknows,perhapsexceptyou,_______yourgirl-friendisacheat.　　A.whoB.whichC.thatD.what(2)Ithink,thoughIcouldbemistaken,______shelikedme.　　A.whoB.whichC.thatD.what(3)Hetoldmethenews,believeitornot,______hehadearned$1000inasingleday.　　A.thatB.whichC.asD.because三．◆精编陷阱题训练◆1.Theylosttheirwayintheforest,and_______mademattersworsewasthatnightbegantofall.　　A.itB.whichC.thatD.what2.Patienceisakindofquality—andthatis___ittakestodoanythingwell.　　A.whatB.whichC.whichD.how3.Ithascometomynotice_______someofyouhavemissedclasses.　　A.whatB.whichC.thatD.when4.“Whatwereyoutryingtoprovetothepolice?”“___Iwaslastnight.”　　A.ThatB.WhenC.WhereD.What5.Countrylifegiveshimpeaceandquiet,whichis_____hecan’tenjoywhilelivinginbigcities.　　A.thatB.whyC.whereD.what6.Itisprettywellunderstood___controlstheflowofcarbondioxideinandouttheatmospheretoday.　　A.thatB.whenC.whatD.how7._____shecouldn’tunderstandwas___fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.　　A.What;whyB.That;whatC.What;becauseD.Why;that8._______wearedoinghasneverbeendonebefore.　　A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.Whether9.Peoplehaveheard_______thePresidenthassaid;theyarewaitingtosee_______hewilldo.　　A.how,howB.what,whatC.when,howD.that,what10.Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactly_______hewants.　　A.whatB.whichC.whenD.that11.ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddo_______Icantosavethem.　　A.whateverB.thatC.whichD.whichever12._______shewasinvitedtotheballmadeherveryhappy.　　A.WhatB.ThatC.WhenD.Because13.Eat______cakeyoulikeandleavetheothersfor______comesinlate.　　A.any,whoB.every,whoeverC.whichever,whoeverD.either,whoever14.Ihadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella._______Igotwetthrough.　　A.It’sthereasonB.That’swhyC.There’swhyD.That’sbecause15.____hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.　　A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever16._____medicineworksinahumanbodyisaquestion____noteveryonecanunderstandfully.A.How;thatB.That;whichC.That;whichD.What;that英语主要从句精讲精练答案一．名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句答案；1.(that)youtalkedabout4.Asisoftenthecase9.wecantohelphim3.whentheywouldhavearest5.whyhecouldn’tgotocollege8.whooftenremindsusto2.nomatterwhattheweatherislike6.incasetheweatherbecomescold15.(that)youshouldpayattentionto第9页共9页 11.thathewasmurdered13.canyouimprove16.aswehadexpected17.wheretheywere27.notuntiltwodayslater28.onconditionthat29.Howeverfaritis7.Beforetheycouldlockthedoor10.evenifhehadbeentreated12.themomentthebellrang14.whichhadn’tbeenwashed18.howheisgettingonwith19.Whetherhehasaneyeforart20.Whattheyhaveincommon21.Whatreallydisappoints/disappoitedme22.don’tknowwhomtobelieve23.Nomatterwherethepeoplecomefrom24.andelectricityarethesame25.Itneveroccurredtomethat26.Doesiteveroccurtoyou30.nomatterwhereweare二．◆典型陷阱题分析◆答案1.【陷阱】可能误选B。许多同学一看选项首先就排除了C和D，认为这样两个“引导词”叠用的情况不可能。在A和B两个选项中，选项A肯定不行，因为它引导宾语从句时不能充当句子成分，所以便选择了B。【分析】正确答案选D。第一个what用作动词meant的宾语，第二个what用作动词said的宾语，即在noneofusunderstoodwhatwhathesaidmeant中，noneofusunderstood为主句，whatwhathesaidmeant为宾语从句，而在此宾语从句中又包括有whathesaid这样一个主语从句。2.【陷阱】可能误选A。【分析】最佳答案选C。有的同学误选A，是因为认为介词后应接关系代词which，但实际上，若填关系代词，其前没有先行词，这根据不是一个定语从句。另外，由于hadhappened缺主语，所以B和D也不能选。3．【陷阱】据字面意思误选A或B。【分析】答案选D。假若选A或B，那么转换成陈述句即为：Thisisyouwanttosay./Thatisyouwanttosay.显然句中的两个谓语动词is与want相冲突。选D组成的句子是Isthatallyouwanttosay?其中的that为句子主语，all为表语，youwanttosay为定语从句，用以修饰all。4.【陷阱】可能误选D，认为when后应用疑问句词序。【分析】最佳答案选B。第一个when引出的是一个特殊疑问句，故用疑问词序；第二个when引出的是主语从句，故其后用陈述句词序。(1)C(2)C5.【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】此题最佳答案为D。首先可以排除A和C，因为空格处实为一个宾语从句，所以不能用疑问句词序。另一方面，但按英语习惯，当用于指代身份不明的人时，要用代词it，而不用he或she等。比较以下两句：MrSmithisatthedoor.Hewantstoseeyou.史密斯先生在门口，他想见你。　　Someoneisatthedoor.Itmaybethepostman.有个人在门口，可能是邮递员。第一句因前面指明了是MrSmith，所以后面用代词he；而第二句因前面用的是不定代词someone，说明此人身份尚不明确，故其后用了代词it来指代。6.【陷阱】此题易误选A或B：选A认为这是指人的，故用who；选B认为这是非限制性定语从句，两者都是误认为这是定语从句(注意没有先行词)。答案应选C。that引导的是一个宾语从句，用作动词know的宾语，它只是被句中的插入语mydearfriend隔开罢了。(1)C(2)C(3)C前面两题that引导宾语从句，后面一题that同位语从句(修饰thenews)。◆精编陷阱题训练◆【答案与解析】1.选D。whatmademattersworse是主语从句(注意其后有谓语动词was)，相当于thethingthatmademattersworse。2.选A。what引导的是表语从句，相当于thethingthatittakestodoanythingwell。3.选C。that引导的是一个主语从句，句首的it为形式主语。4.选C。答句为省略句，其完整形式为IwastryingtoprovetothepolicewhereIwaslastnight，在此where引导的是一个宾语从句。类似地，下面选C：“_______madeherstruggletobecomeanartistsohard?”“______shewasawoman.”　　A.What,WhatB.That,ThatC.What,ThatD.That,What5.选D。what引导的是表语从句，what在此相当于thethingsthat。6.选C。句首的it是形式主语，空格处所填词用于引导主语从句。由于该主语从句中又缺主语，故排除A、B、D。（注意：不能选A，因为that引导名词性从句时不能充当句子成分）7.选A。第一空填what，是因为该主语从句中的动词understand缺宾语；why和because均可引导表语从句，其区别是：why引导表语从句强调结果，because引导表语从句强调原因。句中空格后文表明的是结果，故用why。8.B。what在此引导主语从句且在从句作宾语，它相当于thethingthat。9.B。两空均填what，均用于引导宾语从句，因为两个宾语从句中的动词said和do均缺宾语，而在各个选项中只有what可用作宾语。10.选A。what引导宾语从句。由于动词wants缺宾语，所以填what。句意是：当你找工作面试回答问题时，请记住这条黄金定律：永远给予对方确实想要的东西。11.选A。Icantosavethem为Icandotosavethem之略，此句中的do缺宾语，故选whatever。12.选B。that在此引导主语从句，无词义，也不充当句子成分。注意不要根据中文意思选D，因为because不用于引导主语从句。13.选C。两个空格处均为引导宾语从句的引导词，而四个选项中两者可引导宾语从句的只有C。14.选B。比较That’swhy…与That’sbecause…：前者用于强调结果，后者用于强第9页共9页 调原因。如下面一题选D：Igotwetallthrough._______Ihadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella.　　　A.It’sthereasonB.That’swhyC.There’swhyD.That’sbecause15.选D。由isworthpraising这一谓语可知前面是主语从句，排除不能引导从句的B项和C项；whoever引导主语从句表示“任何……的人”，在此它相当于anyonewho。16.选A。how引导主语从句，that引导同位语从句。第9页共9页