专四英语语法考点串讲及真题 19页

专四语法考点串讲情态动词考试中，情态动词部分重点测试以下内容：（1）情态动词+行为动词完成式（2）某些情态动词的特殊用法　1.musthavev-ed　musthavev-ed表示推测过去某事“一定”发生了。其否定形式为：can’t/couldn’thavev-ed,表示过去不可能发生某事。例如：　　Sincetheditchisfullofwater,itmusthaverainedlastnight.2.couldhavev-ed表示推测过去某动作“很可能”发生了3.may/mighthavev-ed表示推测过去某事“也许”发生了.may比might表示的可能性在说话人看来稍大些。4.oughtto/shouldhavev-ed和oughtnotto/shouldn’thavev-ed用于对已发生的情况表示“责备”、“不满”，分别表示“本应该…”和“本不应该…”表示应完成而未完成的动作用于完成时中的否定句，表示不应完成但已做的动作5.needn’thavev-ed表示过去做了某事，但没有做的必要，意为“本没必要…”。例如：Youneedn’thavewakenmeup;Idon’thavetogotoworktoday.注意：didnotneedtodo动作并没发生例：Ididn’tneedtogetupearly,soIgotupuntil9a.m.*特殊用法　(1)can‘t表示“不可能”，maynot表示“不可以”，mustn’t(mustnot)表示“不许可禁止”，needn"t(neednot)表示“不必”，darenot＋动词原形表示“不敢”(2)must表推测的否定现在式用can’t,过去式用couldn’t(3)MayI/we…？这一类疑问句的肯定回答为Yes,please.或Certainly；否定回答为Pleasedon’t.或No,youmustn’t.例如：　　“Mayweleavenow?”“No,youmustn’t.Youhaven’tfinishedyourhomeworkyet.”(4)needI/we…？这一类疑问句的肯定回答为Yes,wemust;否定回答为needn’t(5)在回答must引起的问题时，如果是否定的答复，不能用mustn’t，而要用needn’t或don’thaveto(6)May/mightaswellmay……but….(表转折)(7)Iwishtogohomewithyou,mayI?(8)Dohelpyourselftohavefruit,won’tyou/willyou?（表示一种委婉的请求）*情态动词短语的使用wouldliketodo…wouldratherdo…wouldrather+从句wouldprefertodo...hadbetterdo...*情态动词:will（愿意）,shall（将）,must（必须）,can,may,would,should(应该),might,could,oughtto,usedto（过去常常）,need（需要）,dare（竟敢），haveto（不得不）19 *dare,need也可作一般（行为）动词*情态动词一般用法的否定：mustn’t不准,禁止，不要can’t(couldn’t)不会；不能；may(might)not不可以;needn’t没必要(=don’thaveto)usednot／usedn’tto或didn’tuseto…过去不…darenot不敢*情态动词推测用法Must一定，肯定can’t(couldn’t)不可能Can/could可能Can’t(couldn’t)不可能may/might“可能，也许”May(might)not也许不，可能不*推断用法should／oughtto“按理应当，应该是；shouldn’t不应该(=oughtnotto)*情态动词＋have＋done结构表示对过去动作的推测1.musthavedone：对过去的肯定推测，译作“一定做了…”，只能用于肯定句中。其否定形式为can’t／couldn’thavedoneItmusthaverainedlastnight,fortheroadwasquitemuddy2.can/couldhavedone：对过去的可能性推测，译作“可能做了…”。只能用疑问句中Can／Couldhehavesaidit?他可能说过那种话吗？3.may/mighthavev-ed：对过去的可能性推测，译作“也许能，有可能。It’stoolate.Ithinkhemayhavegonetobed.*情态动词＋have＋过去分词结构表示轻微的责备和后悔肯定：过去应该做而没有做；否定：过去不该（不必）做而做了。⑴might／could＋have＋过去分词：“本来可以，早就应该”（只用于肯定句，且不能用may,can）Youcouldhavetoldmeyouweregoingtobelate!.你应当早告诉我你会晚到的！⑵should（oughtto）＋have＋过去分词：“本应”（没做）shouldnot（oughtnotto）＋have＋过去分词：“本不该”（做了）Youshouldnothavehandedinyourcompositionyesterdaymorning.你本不应把作文交了。Youshouldhavebeenhereearlier.你应该早点来才对。3.needn"t＋have＋过去分词：“本不必，本不须”（need只用于否定句）（做了）Youneedn"thavewokenherup.It"sonlysix．你其实不必叫醒她。现在才六点。注意：didnotneedtodo动作并没发生（没做）例：Ididn’tneedtogetupearly,soIgotupuntil9a.m.*八大注意点　1.在以could,might表示征询对方意见或表示请求时，回答应相应使用can,may19 —MightIwatchTVaftersupper?—Yes,you________.A.mayB.mustC.mightD.can2.MayI/we…？这一类疑问句的肯定回答为Yes,please.或Certainly；否定回答为Pleasedon’t.或No,youmustn’t.例如：　　“Mayweleavenow?”“No,youmustn’t.Youhaven’tfinishedyourhomeworkyet.”3.needI/we…？这一类疑问句的肯定回答为Yes,wemust;否定回答为needn’t4.在回答must引起的问题时，肯定must;如果是否定的答复，不能用mustn’t，而要用needn’t或don’thaveto5.Iwishtogohomewithyou,mayI?6.Dohelpyourselftohavefruit,won’tyou/willyou?（表示一种委婉的请求）7.Shall用于第三人称，表示许可，允许8.let’sdothisjob,shallwe?Letusdothisjob,willyou?9.should也表示惊讶的语气，例如：Iwasshockedthatsheshouldhavesaidsuchathingtoyou.(她竟然对你说那样的话,…)*四大特殊结构1.may/mightaswell+动词原形”意为“最好，满可以，倒不如”，相当于hadbetterYoumayaswelldoitatonce.2.maywell+动词原形”是一种常见的结构，意为“（完全）能，很可能”Hemaywellbeproudofhisson.他大可为儿子高兴。3.cannot…too/enough表示“无论怎么……也不算过分”、“越……越好”Youcannotbetoocareful.4.hadbetter最好Youhadbetternotwakemeupwhenyoucomein.*两大类区别：一、表示能力:can,beabletobeableto能用于各种时态。can/could只能表示现在或过去的能力*was/wereableto:“设法做成某事”相当于managedtodosthsucceededindoingsth.二、usedto和would的区别usedto过去常常（但现在已无此习惯，would无此含义）Heusedtodrinkbeer,nowhedrinkswine.他过去喝啤酒，现在喝白酒。would只能用来谈动作；usedto用来谈动作或状态（可与be,live,like,stay等状态动词连用）：Hewouldgetupearlywhenhelivedinthecountry.他住在乡下时总是早起。Weusedtoliveinasmalltown.（不能用would）Beusedtodoingsth:习惯于做某事★19 专四语法考点串讲倒装句★倒装考点口诀倒装两大类，全倒部分倒；主倒从不倒;全倒分两种：副词、地点介短在句首;部分倒装分六种:否定副词在句首，only加状在句首，so...that结构so提前，承前否定/肯定neithernor/so,状语从句as/though，省去if虚拟句一、全部倒装1.在以here、there、now、then、off、away等副词开头的句子里。(1)Thebirdsflewaway.→Awayflewthebirds. (2)Theraincamedown.→Downcametherain.2.表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。（1）山脚下有一个美丽的湖。Atthefootofthehillliesabeautifullake.（2）教室外面站着一个男孩。Outsidetheclassroomstoodaboy.二、部分倒装1.Only+状语位于句首时(1)Heonlyfounditimportanttogetalongwithothersthen.→Onlythendidhefinditimportanttogetalongwithothers.Wecanonlymakegreatprogressinthisway.→Onlyinthiswaycanwemakegreatprogress.2.否定副词及短语位于句首时。常考的这类词或词语有：not,seldom,hardly,little,nowhere,bynomeans,innotime等。Ihaveneverseensuchabeautifulplace.→NeverhaveIseensuchabeautifulplace.3.在省略if的虚拟条件从句中。（1）如果我是你，我会努力学习。WereIyou,Iwouldworkhard.（2）如果明天下雨的话，我们就延迟会议。Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldputoffourmeeting.（3）假如他听从了我的建议，他早就成功了。Hadhefollowedmyadvice,hewouldhavesucceeded.4、soneithernor位于句首的情况。1.So+助动词+主语…也一样。So+主语+助动词…确实如此。2.Neither和Nor用于否定句，表示“也不，也没有”。NeitherNor+助动词+主语5、as/though引导的让步状语从句名词形容词副词动词+asthough+主语+其他6、在“so+adj./adv.+that…”句式中，将“so+adj./adv.”放在句首时的倒装。SoharddoesheworkthathehasmadegreatprogressinEnglish.19 ★特殊倒装句型：notonly…butalso…句式的倒装Notonlyisheinterestedinfootballbutalsoheplaysitwell.(前倒后不倒)考点倒装四注意：1、as/though从句的表语是名词，倒装后其名词前不加任何冠词;Asheisachild---childasheis2、if虚拟句Wereitnot...或者Haditnotbeen...,但不可以说Weren’tit...或者hadn’titbeen...（not不提前）3、承前肯定so,只能指定一件事情，两件事情用soitis(thesame)withsb4、So+助动词+主语：也一样So+主语+助动词：的确如此专四语法考点串讲反义疑问句1)陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用aren"tI.Iamastudent,aren’tI2)陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may+主语Iwishtohaveawordwithyou,mayI?3)陈述部分用no,nothing,nobody,never,few,seldom,hardly,rarely,little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。Someplantsneverblown(开花),dothey?4)否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式Itisimpossible,isn"tit?5)must在表示"推测"时，根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。Hemustbeadoctor,isn"the?YoumusthavestudiedEnglishforthreeyears,haven"tyou?Hemusthavefinishedityesterday,didn"the?Itmustbegoingtoraintomorrow,won"tit?6)省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用willyou。Don"tdothatagain,willyou?Gowithme,willyou/won"tyou?7)复合句的反疑疑问句A.带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定：Heisnotthemanwhogaveusatalk,ishe?B上述部分主句谓语是I/wethink,believe,expect,suppose,imagine等引导的宾语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。Idon"tthinkheisbright,ishe?专四语法考点串讲主谓一致1）“就远原则”“主语＋介词短语等”作主语在“A+(with,togetherwith,alongwith,aswellas,but,except,besides,like,including,ratherthan,morethan,nolessthan)+B”结构中，谓语动词的单复数与之B一致。2）就近原则neither…nor…,(either)…or…,notonly…butalso…,not…but…等并列结构作主语时采取就近原则：谓语动词的数由与其最接近的那个主语的数决定。3）“a/thenumberof＋复数名词”作主语表示“…的数量”的“thenumberof+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；表示“一些/19 许多…”的“anumberof+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。4).morethanone+__/Manya+___/EveryAandeveryB/NoAandnoB/oneandahalf+谓语动词用单数。注意：more复数名词+thanone用复数，Moremembersthanoneareagainstyourplan.5）.并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数形式。注意：整体看待:breadandbutterbreadandcheeseaknifeandforkacartandhorseneedleandthreadlawandorderfishandchipsmeatandpotatoes例如:Truthandhonestyisthebestpolicy．注意：adj.+and+adj.+不可数名词／复数名词　＋　谓语（复数）Eg.Chinese(beer)andFrenchbeerareservedhere.6）.表达时间、金钱、距离、重量、长度、价值,算式的短语通常接动词的单数形式。eg.Fiveminutesisenoughtodothisexercise．7）.如果主语由“the＋形容词(或过去分词)”结构担任时,谓语通常用复数,8).由what引导的主语从句，谓语动词通常用单数；但所指的内容是复数意义时，谓语动词通常用复数.Eg.Whatweneedaregoodtextbooks.9).people,police,cattle,militia,是复数名词,接动词复数形式。Peoples指民族。sheep,deer,fish,means,aircraftworks单复数同形;clothes+复数动词10)All指人，用复数动词；all指物，用单数动词。11).集合名词指整体时，用单数代词；指由不同的人组成的集合时，用复数代词。audiencecouplefamilypublicclasscrowdgovernmentstaff(全体职员）committeegroupteamcrew(船／飞机全体工作人员）company12).书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。专四语法考点串讲强调句1.强调句结构：Itis/was+被强调部分+that引导的从句2.强调句型的一般疑问句：Is/Wasit+被强调部分+that/who。Wasitshewhosaiditlikethat?是她那样说的吗？3.强调句型的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问+is/was+it+that/who。“究竟是谁…，到底在哪里……Whatwasitthatstartedthebigfireinthebuilding?到底是什么原因引起那栋大楼的大火？注意1：当强调not…until结构时，须将notuntil连用，后面接肯定式。Itis/wasnotuntil+时间+that…，“正是直到……才……”。ItwasnotuntilatthattimethatIrealizedwhattroublehewasin.直到那个时候我才意识到他有什么麻烦。注意二：强调句和定语从句区分Itwasinthehousethathewasborn.（强）Itwasthehousewherehewasborn.（定）区分方法：将句子中的“Itwas…that(when/where)…”结构去掉：如若还能成完整的句子，则为强调句；如若不能成完整的句子，则为定语从句。专四语法考点串讲连词与介词考点聚焦一、并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。如：and,but,or,nor,so,therefore等。重点：常用的几组并列连词1、and组表示联合关系。属于这一组的并列连词还有：both…and,notonly…butalso,aswell19 as,neither…nor等。如：Let’sgoandplaybasketball.我们去打篮球吧。2.but组表示转折和对照关系。属于这一组的并列连词还有：however,still,yet,while,nevertheless。如：Hehasn’tarrived.Hemay,however,comelater.他还未到，不过，他可能过会儿来。3、or组表示选择关系。属于这一组的并列连词还有：orelse,otherwise,neither…nor,either…or等。如：We’llgoearly,otherwisewemaynotgetaseat.得早一点去，不然就没有座位了。4、so组表示因果关系的连接词还有：so(that),for,therefore,thus,then等。如：Hehasbrokenhislegandthereforehecan’twalk.他摔伤了腿，因此不能走路。考点聚焦二、at,as,to,by,on,in,of,with,like,along,for,over,up,through,across,except,but,besides,beside,near等。重点：常用的介词1、常见介词by的用法。介词by含义较丰富，主要有：靠，凭借，在……旁边等含义。可有byoneself单独，靠自己；byandby不久以后，不一会儿，连续不断地，立刻；byandlarge总的说来。★★2、常见介词with引导的复合结构。with的复合结构，也叫with引导的独立主格结构。由with（也可省略）+名词/代词+现在或过去分词/不定式/形容词/介词短语或副词构成。它相当于一个状语从句，表示行为方式/伴随状况/时间/原因或条件。(更口语话)withhishandstillraised;withabookinhishand(bookinhand);Withhimsittingnexttoher，shefeltsafe.(hesittingnexttoher,shefeltsafe.)Eg.Hesatatthetable,hisnosered,collaroff,headdown,andpeninposition。（独立主格）3、常见表示时间的on的用法。与时间搭配的介词须注意：在具体某星期几及具体某天的上午、下午和晚上等都用介词on。4、常见介词as的用法。as作为介词，可表示“充当，作为，如同”。5、常见over的用法。介词over有“在……之上，过之，多于”意思。五、形容词、副词考点聚焦考点聚焦一、何时形容词后置：（1）修饰不定代词something,anything,nothing,everything等时，例：Thereissomethingdifficultinthisbook.（2）形容词后面有介词短语或不定式短语的时候。例：Thisisastudentworthofpraise.（3）用and或or连接两个形容词通常放在被修饰的名词之后，起强调修饰的作用。例：Theywillturntheirmotherlandintoacountry,beautifulandmodern.（4）形容词同表示数量的词组连用时亦放在后面。例：Thepipeistwelvefeetlong.考点聚焦二、ly结尾的形容词：名词+ly结尾构成的词常作形容词。friendly，lively，lovely，lonely，likely，deadly，silly，orderly,timely等。考点聚焦三、同根副词辨析：1）close接近地closely仔细地，密切地（2）free免费地freely自由地，无拘束地3）hard努力地hardly几乎（4）late晚，迟lately近来5）most极，非常mostly主要地（6）wide广阔地widely广泛地7）high高highly高度地，非常地8）loud大声的loudly大声地（含有喧闹意思）9）deep深，迟deeply抽象意义上的“深”（10）near邻近nearly几乎考点聚焦四、比较等级的常见句型：19 （1）as+原级+as（as+原级+a/an+单数可数名词+as），其否定形式为notas/so+原级+as（2）比较级+than+比较对象（less+原级+比较对象）（3）比较级+and+比较对象或moreandmore+原级（4）the+比较级…，the+比较级…（5）the+比较级+ofthetwo（6）the+最高级（+单数可数名词）+of/among+复数名词或in+单数名词（7）beoneof/among+the+最高级+复数名词（8）thelast+原级（+单数可数名词）+of/among+复数名词或in+单数名词考点聚焦五、比较等级的修饰语：（1）修饰原级：fairly,quite,rather,so,very,too等。（2）修饰比较级：much,even,far,rather,still,any,no(而不用very,quite,fairly，Greatly)，abit,alittle,ahead,twometres,agreatdeal.alot,byfar等。考点聚焦六、某些以a-开首的形容词只能作表语,不能作定语。如：afraid，alike，alone，asleep，awake,alive等考点聚焦七、如果复数名词前有many、few，不可数名词前有much、little等表示量的形容词时，该用so而不用such；注意：little不表示数量而表示“小”的意思时,仍用such。考点聚焦八、almost与nearly的用法区别：在very,pretty,not后用nearly,不用almost。在any,no,none,never前用almost,不用nearly。Eg.I"mnotnearlyready.Ialmostneverseeher.★形容词排序：好美小高状其新，彩色国料特别亲★★★特殊结构:1.AistoBwhat/asXisY;A+倍数或几分之几as+adj./adv.+as+B.2.inferior,superior,senior,junior,prior+to;专四语法考点串讲代词的考点聚焦考点一、both,all,either,any,neither,none的用法比较两者both（两者都）either（任何一个）neither（两者都不）三者或三者以上all（都）any（任何）none(都不)考点二、none（of）,noone(nobody),nothing的用法比较考点三、every,each的用法比较Each：两者或两者以上/Every：三者或三者以上考点四、another,other,theother,others,theothersanother用于泛指三者以上中的“另一个”other作前置定语,修饰单数或复数名词theother两者中的“另一个”,是特指others泛指“其他人”或“其他物”=other+名复theothers指整体中除去一部分后,剩余的全部考点五、it,one,ones,theone,theones,that,thoseIt：表同类同物表单数one：表同类但不同物,表单数，可用形容词修饰，泛指ones：表同类但不同物,表复数，可用形容词修饰，泛指theone：表同类但不同物,表特指，表单数19 that：表同类但不同物,指代单数或不可数theones/those：表同类不同物，表特指，表复数专四语法考点串讲As的用法、比较级的用法及隐含比较级一、as的用法：1.原级比较一般结构as…as;notas…as;thesame…as;Eg:Theworkisnotasdifficultasyouthink.Lastyear,landvaluesinmostpartsofthepinelandsrosealmostasfastas,thoseoutsidethepinelands.2.as引导的非限制性定语从句位置较灵活，可以位于主句前面．中间或后面，一般用逗号与主句隔开，但which所引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。as可引导非限制性从句，常带有‘正如’。　　Asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone‘shealth.　　Asisknown,smokingisharmfultoone’shealth.　As是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语；例2中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词know要用被动式。3.尽管，虽说(引起让步状语从句)Eg.Intelligentasshewas,shehadnotmuchinsight.尽管她很聪明，但她没眼力。4.Asmuchas达到（和）。。。（一样）的程度5.as(so)faras就……而论，据……(引导方式状语从句)6.Soasto为的是以便7.Suchasto以致8.as(so)longas只要(=onlyif引导条件状语从句)9.assoonas一…就(引导时间状语从句)10.aswell(as)也，以及，还；和；不仅(连接并列成分或从句)二、比较级的用法归纳1.morethan其含义为:“不仅是，非常，十分”等，用法和意义较多。more…than其含义可以是:“与其说……不如说，不是……而是”2.nomorethannotmorethana.Hehasnomorethanfivedollarsonhim.他身上仅有5美元。(强调少)b.Hehasnotmorethanfivedollarsonhim.他身上带的钱不超过仅有5美元。(强调数额少于5美元)3.nomore…than　　notmore…thana.Heisnomorediligentthanyou.他不勤奋，你也不勤奋。(两人都不勤奋)(含有消极否定的意思)b.Heisnotmorediligentthanyou.他没有像你那样勤奋。(两人都勤奋，但你更勤奋)(含有积极、肯定的意思，表示程度上的差异）4.nolessthan=asmuchas意为：“竟有…之多，多达”强调多notlessthan意为“不少于，至少”，可观地描述noless…than前后均为肯定，含有惊奇的感情色彩。可译为：“是…是，正是，和…一样，多达，应有…之多”19 a.Hissonhasreadnolessthan50Englishbooks.他的儿子竟然读了50本英文书。(强调多)b.Hissonhasreadnotlessthan50Englishbooks.他的儿子读了不少于50本英文书。(不强调多或少)5.hardlymorethan用来表示“仅仅”。Eg.Thelittlemanwashardlymorethanonemeterfiftyhigh.这个小个子男人仅有1.5米高.6.在more…than结构中，than有时可看作关系代词，相当于thanwhat…Eg.Thereoughttobelessanxietyovertheriskofgettingcancerthanexistsinthepublicmindtoday.(Than=thanwhat…)人们不应该像今天这样担心害怕患上癌症7.nootherthan只有，正是。它常用来加强语气，多用于书面语。Eg.Themurdererturnedouttobenootherpersonthantheinspectorhimself.结果是，那个杀人犯不是别人，正是巡官自己。8.nobetterthan和……一样，实际上等于(practicallythesameas)Eg.Amanwhocannotreadandwriteisnobetterthantheblind.不识字的人跟瞎子没有两样。9.most大多数的意思;mostof某个范围中的大多数。10.better…than与其说……倒不如说。Eg.Certainprogramsworkbetterforsomethanforothers.某些项目对有些人来说效果不错对其他人来说则不然。11.morelikely…than比较结构Eg.Therearefewelectronicapplicationsmorelikelytoraisefearsregardingfuture很少有电子应用软件能够像机器人那样引起人们对未来就业机会的担忧。12.somuchas用在否定句中：与其说，不如说Eg.Thetrumpetplayerwascertainlyloud.butIwasn"tbotheredbyhisloudnesssomuchashislackoftalent.演奏者吹得声音很大，但是我不是被他的噪声打搅，而是因他缺乏天赋而生气。13.otherthan意思是：不同于，除……之外；ratherthan意思是：而不是。三、隐含比较级inferior,superior,senior,junior,prior+to1)priorto较早的，较重要的　　Thetaskispriortoallothers.这项任务比其他所有的任务都重要。2)superiorto优越，高于　　InmathhefeltsuperiortoJohn.他觉得自己数学比约翰强。3)inferiorto下等的，次的4)seniorto年长的，地位高的；junior年幼的，地位低的，迟的　　Heistwoyearsseniortome.他比我大两岁。5）preferableto更好的Healthwithoutrichesispreferabletoricheswithouthealth.贫穷但健康要比富有却多病更可取。6)prefer…to更倾向于…preferdoingsthtodoingsthprefertodoratherthando真题再现篇19 专四语法真题再现之一虚拟语气历年考题58.Itwasrecommendedthatpassengers___smokeduringtheflight.(94)A.notB.neednotC.couldnotD.wouldnot62.___youwerebusy,Iwouldn’thavebotheredyouwithmyquestions.(94)A.IfIrealizedB.HadIrealizedB.IrealizedthatD.AsIrealized65.____,hewouldnothaverecoveredsoquickly.95A.Hadn"thebeentakengoodcareofB.HadhenotbeentakengoodcareofC.HadnothebeentakengoodcareofD.Hadhebeennottakengoodcareof43.I_________thepartymuchmoreiftherehadn’tbeenquitesuchacrowdofpeoplethere.96A.wouldenjoyB.willhaveenjoyedC.wouldhaveenjoyedd.willbeenjoying43.Heleftordersthatnothing____toucheduntilthepolicearrivedhere.97A.shouldbeB.oughttobeC.mustbeD.wouldbe51.Iwastohavemadeaspeechif________.97A.IwasnotcalledawayB.nobodywouldhavecalledmeawayC.IhadnotbeencalledawayD.nobodycalledmeaway43.Ifyourcar___anyattentionduringthefirst12months,takeittoanauthorizeddealer.98A.shallneedC.wouldneedB.shouldneedD.willneed49.IfyouhavereallybeenstudyingEnglishforsoling,it’sabouttimeyou______abletowritelettersinEnglish.99A.shouldbeB.wereC.mustbeD.are52.Muchas_______,Icouldn’tlendhimthemoneybecauseIsimplydidn’thavethatmuchsparecash.99A.IwouldhavelikedtoB.IwouldliketohaveC.IshouldhavetolikeD.Ishouldhavelikedto49.Allofuswouldhaveenjoyedthepartymuchmoreifthere_________quitesuchacrowdofpeoplethere.00A.weren’tB.hasn’tbeenC.hadn’tbeenD.wouldn’t50._____forthefactthatshebrokeherleg,shemighthavepassedtheexam.02A.HaditnotbeenB.Hadn’titbeenC.WasitnotD.Wereitnot51.”Whatcoursesareyougoingtodonextsemester?”02“Idon’tknow.Butit’sabouttime_____onsomething.”A.I’ddecideB.IdecidedC.IdecideD.I’mdeciding42.____,I’llmarryhimallthesame.04A.WasherichorpoorB.WhetherrichorpoorC.WereherichorpoorD.Beherichorpoor44.____ifIhadarrivedyesterdaywithoutlettingyouknowbeforehand?04A.WouldyoubesurprisedB.WereyousurprisedC.HadyoubeensurprisedD.Wouldyouhavebeensurprised19 46.Itisimperativethatstudents____theirtermpapersontime.04A.handinB.wouldhandinC.havetohandinD.handedin51.Ifyouexplainedthesituationtoyoursolicitor,he________abletoadviseyoumuchbetterthanIcan.A.wouldbe        B.willhavebeen     C.was        D.were60.Thatwasnotthefirsttimehe________us.Ithinkit’shightimewe________strongactionsagainsthim.05A.betrayed…take                       B.hadbetrayed…tookC.hasbetrayed…took                    D.hasbetrayed…take63.________you_______furtherproblemswithyourprinter,contactyourdealerforadvice.05A.If,had              B.Have,had         C.Should,have       D.Incase,had专四语法真题再现之二情态动词历年考题历年考题:59.“Shemustbeinthedormitorynow.”“No,she___bethere.Isawherintheclassroomaminuteago.”(94)A.mustn’tB.can’tC.couldn’tD.wouldn’t64.He___the8:20busbecausehedidn’tleavehometill8:25.(94)A.couldn’thavecaughtB.oughttohavecaughtA.shouldn’thavecaughtD.mustnothavecaught55.Themeeting"sbeencancelled.Ann____allthatwork.95A.needtodoB.needhaveC.needn"thavedoneD.needednottodo62.Wecould____himwithadetachedhousewhenhecame,buthehadspecificallyaskedforasmallflat.95A.provideB.haveprovidedC.notprovideD.nothaveprovided49.Asitturnedouttobeasmallhouseparty,we______soformally.96A.neednothavedressedupB.mustnothavedressedupC.didnotneedtodressupD.mustnotdressup52.You___Markanything.Itwasnoneofhisbusiness.98A.needn’thavetoldB.needn’ttellC.mustn’thavetoldD.mustn’ttell48.He_______unwisely,buthewasatleasttryingtodosomethinghelpful.99A.mayhaveactedB.musthaveactedC.shouldactD.wouldact48.You_________Jimanythingaboutit.Itwasnoneofhisbusiness.00A.needn’thavetoldB.needn’tC.mustn’thavetoldD.mustn’ttell57.Iwenttherein1984,andthatwastheonlyoccasionwhenI________thejourneyinexactlytwodays.05A.musttake                          B.musthavemadeC.wasabletomake                    D.couldmake56Loudspeakerswerefixedinthehallsothateveryone__anopportunitytohearthespeech.06AoughttohaveBmusthaveCmayhaveDshouldhave57Iamsurprised__thiscityisadullplacetolivein.06AthatyoushouldthinkBbywhatyouarethinking19 CthatyouwouldthinkDwithwhatyouwerethinking专四语法真题再现之三非谓语历年考题历年考题:49.TheClarkshaven’tdecidedyetwhichhotel___.98A.tostayB.istostayC.tostayatD.isforstaying42.Thethreementriedmanytimestosneakacrosstheborderintotheneighboringcountry,___bythepoliceeachtime.99A.hadbeencapturedB.beingalwayscapturedC.onlytobecapturedD.unfortunatelycaptured43.ProfessorJohnsonissaid___somesigni41.After___seemedanendlesswait,itwasherturntoenterthepersonnelmanager’soffice.99A.thatB.thereC.whatD.it51._________isnotaseriousdisadvantageinlife.01A.TobenottallB.NottobetallC.BeingnottallD.Notbeingtall46.AIDSissaid_____thenumber-onekillerofbothmenandwomenoverthepastfewyearsinthatregion.02A.beingB.tobeC.tohavebeend.havingbeen57.Thecountry’schiefexportsarecoal,carsandcottongoods,cars___themostimportantofthese.(94)A.havebeenB.areC.beingD.arebeing51.______nocauseforalarm,theoldmanwentbacktohisbedroom.96A.TherewasB.SinceC.BeingD.Therebeing45.There_________nothingmorefordiscussion,themeetingcametoanendhalfanhourearlier.00A.tobeB.tohavebeenC.beingD.won’t45.Ifnot____withtherespecthefeelsduetohim,Jackgetsveryill-temperedandgrumblesallthetime.04A.beingtreatedB.treatedC.betreatedD.havingbeentreated48.TheMinisterofFinanceisbelieved____ofimposingnewtaxestoraiseextrarevenue.04A.thatheisthinkingB.tobethinkingC.thatheistothinkD.tothink63Thereareonlytenapplesleftinthebaskets,__thespoiltones.06AnotcountingBnottocountCdon’tcountDhavingnotcounted55.___regulartraininginnursing,shecouldhardlycopewiththeworkatfirst.(94)A.NotreceivedB.SincereceivingC.HavingreceivedD.Nothavingreceived45.Hewasn’taskedtotakeonthechairmanshipofthesociety,____insufficientlypopularwithallmembers.96A.havingconsideredB.wasconsideredC.wasbeingconsideredd.beingconsidered51._________atinthisway,thepresenteconomicsituationdoesn’tseemsogloomy.00A.LookingB.LookedC.HavinglookedD.Tolook52.Henoticedthehelicopterhoveringoverthefield.Thentohisastonishment,hesawarope19 ladder____outandthreemenclimbingdownit.(95)A.throwingB.beingthrownC.havingthrownD.havingbeenthrown63.Thismissileisdesignedsothatonce____nothingcanbedonetoretrieveit.95A.firedB.beingfiredC.theyfiredD.havingfired45.___,hecannowonlywatchitonTVathome.98A.ObtainingnotaticketforthematchB.NotobtainingaticketforthematchC.NothavingobtainedaticketforthematchD.Notobtainedaticketforthematch52.Arrivingatthebusstop,___waitingthere.(94)A.alotofpeoplewereB.hefoundalotofpeopleC.alotofpeopleD.peoplewerefound专四语法真题再现之四复合句历年考题历年考题58.Iwasverymuchmistaken,____therewassomethingwrongwithLouise.95(条件)A.UnlessB.AsC.ThoughD.Since41.Youwon’tgetaloan_________youcanoffersomesecurity.96（条件）A.lestB.incaseC.unlessD.otherthan42.Thisisanillnessthatcanresultintotalblindness_________leftuntreated.00(条件)A.afterB.ifC.sinceD.unless46.______,heisreadytoacceptsuggestionsfromdifferentsources.97(让步)A.InsteadofhiscontributionsB.ForallhisnotablecontributionsC.HismakingnotablecontributionsD.Howeverhisnotablecontributions48.___heneededmoneyforanewcar,hedecidednottoborrowitfromthebank.98(让步)A.MuchasB.MuchthoughC.AsmuchD.Thoughmuch51.______,healwaystrieshisbesttocompleteitontime.99(让步)A.HoweverthetaskishardB.HoweverhardthetaskisC.ThoughhardthetaskisD.Thoughhardisthetask46._________Isympathize,Icannotreallydoverymuchtohelpthemoutofthedifficulties.01(让步)A.AslongasB.AsC.WhileD.Even48.Fool_____Janeis,shecouldnothavedonesuchathing.02(让步)A.whoB.asC.thatD.like48.Comeandseemewhenever__________.97(时间)A.youareconvenientB.youwillbeconvenientC.itisconvenienttoyouD.itwillbeconvenienttoyou46._________Isympathize,Icannotreallydoverymuchtohelpthemoutofthedifficulties.01(让步)A.AslongasB.AsC.WhileD.Even41.Shedidherwork_____hermanagerhadinstructed.02(方式)A.asB.untilC.whenD.though52._________,Mr.Wellsisscarcelyinsympathywiththeworkingclass.05(让步)A.Althoughheisasocialist                B.Evenifheisasocialist19 C.Beingasocialist                       D.Sinceheisasocialist54.Wecanassignthetaskto___iscapableandtrustworthy.(94)A.whomeverB.whoC.whomD.whoever47.Theteamcanhandlewhatever_____.97A.thatneedshandlingB.whichneedshandlingC.itneedshandlingD.needstobehandled41.After___seemedanendlesswait,itwasherturntoenterthepersonnelmanager’soffice.99A.thatB.thereC.whatD.it43.Thegovernmenthaspromisedtodo____liesinitspowertoeasethehardshipsofthevictimsintheflood-strickenarea.04A.howeverB.whicheverC.whateverD.wherever61.Onlytakesuchclothes___reallynecessary.(94)A.aswereB.astheyareC.astheywereD.asare45.Thephysicisthasmadeadiscovery,____ofgreatimportancetotheprogressofscienceandtechnology.97A.IthinkwhichisB.thatIthinkisC.whichIthinkisD.whichIthinkitis50.IhaveneverbeentoLondon,butthatisthecity_________.97A.whereIliketovisitmostB.I’dmostliketovisitC.whichIliketovisitmostlyD.whereI’dlikemosttovisit42.Sherememberedseveraloccasionsinthepast___shehadexperiencedasimilarfeeling.98A.whichB.beforeC.thatD.when47.I’veneverbeentoLhasa,butthat’sthecity_____.99AA.I’dmostliketovisitB.whichIliketovisitmostlyC.whereIliketovisitD.I’dlikemuchtovisit50.Firmsthatusecomputershavefoundthatthenumberofstaff_________isneededforqualitycontrolcanbesubstantiallyreduced.00DA.whoseB.asC.whatD.that45.We’vejustinstalledtwoair-conditionersinourapartment,_____shouldmakegreatdifferencesinourlifenextsummer.02AA.whichB.whatC.thatD.they44．Thiscompanyhasnowintroducedapolicy_______payrisesarerelatedtoperformanceatwork.96A.whichB.whereC.whetherD.what44.Thereisnodoubt_____thecompanyhasmadetherightdecisiononthesalesproject.01A.whyB.thatC.whetherD.when44.Haveyoueverbeeninasituation_____youknowtheotherpersonisrightyetyoucannotagreewithhim?02A.bywhichB.thatC.inwhereD.where专四语法真题再现之五倒装 历年考题:56.Sobadly___inthecaraccidentthathehadtostayinhospitalforafewmonths.(94)A.didhe19 injureB.injuredhimC.washeinjuredD.hewasinjured61.Heisnotunderarrest,____anyrestrictiononhim.95A.orthepolicehaveplacedB.orhavethepoliceplacedC.northepolicehaveplacedD.norhavethepoliceplaced50.WesternNebraskagenerallyreceiveslesssnowthan____EasternNebraska.96A.inB.itreceivesinC.BeingD.Therebeing50.____bothsidesaccepttheagreement____alastingpeacebeestablishedinthisregion.04A.Onlyif,willB.Ifonly,wouldC.Should,willD.Unless,would专四语法真题再现之六小语法历年考题1.时态：历年考题:41.HowcanIeverconcentrateifyou____continually____mewithsillyquestions?97A.have…interruptedB.had…interruptedC.are…interruptingD.were…interrupting44.Mr.Whiteworkswithachemicalsimport&exportcompany,buthe____forthisindustrialfair,sinceheisonleave.97A.hasworkedB.worksC.hasbeenworkingD.isworking43.Forsometimenow,worldleaders_____outthenecessityforagreementofarmsreduction.02A.hadbeenpointingB.havebeenpointingC.werepointingD.pointed54.Jameshasjustarrived,butIdidn’tknowhe_________untilyesterday.05A.willcome       B.wascoming      C.hadbeencoming  D.came55._________consciousofmymoralobligationsasacitizen.05A.Iwasandalwayswillbe               B.IhavetobeandalwayswillbeC.Ihadbeenandalwayswillbe           D.Ihavebeenandalwayswillbe2.平行结构：历年考题:43.Thecentralprovinceshavefloodsinsomeyears,and_________.00A.droughtinothersB.droughtsareothersC.whileotherdroughtsD.othersindrought42.Evenasagirl,______tobeherlife,andtheateraudiencesweretobeherbestteachers.01A.performingbyMelissawereB.itwasknownthatMelissa’sperformanceswereC.knowingthatMelissa’sperformanceswereD.Melissaknewthatperformingwas3.省略句：历年考题：41.Acutehearinghelpsmostanimalssensetheapproachofthunderstormslongbeforepeople________.00A.doB.hearC.dothemD.hearingit4.冠词:历年考题：60.___humanproblemsthatrepeatthemselvesin___liferepeatthemselvesin___literature.(94)A./,/,theB./,the,/C.The,/,/D.The,the,the19 54.Theideaoftravelingthrough____spacetootherplanetsinterestsmanypeopletoday.95A.aB.theC./D.one5.强调句型：历年考题：56.Itwasnotuntilmidnight____thesnowcappedpeak.95A.thattheysightedB.thattheydidnotsightC.didtheysightD.hadtheysighted6.特殊用法：历年考题：59.Heprefers____.95A.towritehislettersratherthandictatingthemB.towritehislettersratherthandictatethemC.writinghislettersratherthandictatethemD.writinghislettersratherthanhavedictatedthem42._________time,hewillmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.96A.HavingB.GivenC.GivingD.Had51.___enoughtimeandmoney,theresearcherswouldhavebeenabletodiscovermoreinthisfield.98A.GivingB.TogiveC.GivenD.Beinggiven50.He’s______asa“bellyacher”–he’salwayscomplainingaboutsomething.99A.whoisknownB.whomisknownC.whatisknownD.whichisknown45.Intellectistothemind____sightistothebody.01A.whatB.asC.thatD.like7．附加疑文句(反意疑问句)：历年考题：60.YouandIcouldhardlyunderstand,____?95A.couldIB.couldn"tyouC.couldn"tweD.couldwe41.Whenyouhavefinishedwiththatvideotape,don’tforgettoputitinmydrawer,____?97A.doyouB.willyouC.don’tyouD.won’tyou44.Dohelpyourselftosomefruit,_________you?00A.can’tB.don’tC.wouldn’tD.won’t8．主谓一致：历年考题:51.MrWells,togetherwithallthemembersofhisfamily,____forEuropethisafternoon.04A.aretoleaveB.areleavingC.isleavingD.leave专四语法真题再现之七as的特殊用法及比较结构历年考题历年考题:65.___isoftenthecasewithanewidea,muchpreliminaryactivityandoptimisticdiscussionproducednoconcreteproposals.(94)A.ThatB.ItC.ThisD.As64.____thetwo,Bobis____student.95A.Of,morediligentB.In,morediligentC.Of,themorediligentD.In,themorediligent19 48.___heneededmoneyforanewcar,hedecidednottoborrowitfromthebank.9A.MuchasB.MuchthoughC.AsmuchD.Thoughmuch50.Hisstrongsenseofhumourwas___makeeveryoneintheroomburstoutlaughing.98A.soastoB.suchastoC.sothatD.suchthat 44.Fatcannotchangeintomuscle_____musclechangesintofat.99A.anymorethanB.nomorethanC.nolessthanD.muchmorethan45.Itisnotsomuchthelanguage_____theculturalbackgroundthatmakesthebookdifficulttounderstand.99A.butB.norC.asD.like46.Thismayhavepreservedtheelephantfrombeingwipedoutaswellasotheranimals____inAfrica.96A.huntedB.huntingC.thathuntedD.arehunted41.Johnis___hardworkingthanhissister,buthefailedintheexam.98A.nolessB.nomoreC.notlessD.noso44.Theindoorswimmingpoolseemstobeagreatdealmoreluxuriousthan_.98A.isnecessaryB.beingnecessaryC.tobenecessaryD.itisnecessary46.Thereoughttobelessanxietyovertheperceivedriskofmountainclimbingthan_________inthepublicmindtoday.99A.existsB.existC.existingD.toexist49.Theexperimentrequiresmoremoneythan_____.02A.havebeenputinB.beingputinC.hasbeenputinD.totheputin41.Thattrumpetplayerwascertainlyloud.ButIwasn’tbotheredbyhisloudness____byhislackoftalent.04A.somuchasB.ratherthanC.asD.than47.Thelessthesurfaceofthegroundyieldstotheweightofafully-loadedtruck,____tothetruck.04A.thegreaterstressisB.greateristhestressC.thestressisgreaterD.thegreaterthestress53.Hisremarkswere________annoyeverybodyatthemeeting.05A.soasto         B.suchasto       C.suchto          D.asmuchasto注意词的用法:quite完全,彻底例:IarrivedattheairportsolatethatIquitemissedtheplane.Carry包含具有Allourproductscarry12monthsguarantee.Slim渺小Thechanceisslim.Makeabidfor出价买,企图获得Indicativeof表明Takeoffence生气Beconcernedin与…有牵连Informofnotifyofacquaintwithreactiontohaveintentionof有打算adapt….tostanduptopayup偿还清comeupwith提出theotherway相反的19 offthecoastof离海岸不远的地方disposeofdepriveofbelackinginbelackofinneedforbeintenton聚精会神beengrossedinbeproficientat熟练的bereducedto处于…境况bychancebyheartbysight面熟relevanttoconsistentwithapplytoVastmajorityposeproblem造成困难forall尽管19