人教版下册初一英语语法 16页

人教版下册初一英语语法Unit1Where"syourpenpalfrom?一、词组befrom=comefrom来自...penpal=penfriend笔友likeanddislike好恶；爱憎livein....在...居住speakEnglish讲英语playsports做体育运动alittleFrench一些法语gotothemovies去看电影anactionmovie一部动作片onweekends在周末Excuseme对不起，打扰getto到达、抵达beginningof在...开始的时候attheendof在...结束的时候arriveat/二、句型（1）、Where主+be+主语＋from?主语＋be+from+地点.（2）、Wheredo/does+主语＋live?主语＋live/livesin...（3）、Whatlanguagedo/does+主语+speak?主语＋speak/speaks....（4）、主语＋like/likes+doing...三、日常交际用语1－Whereisyourpenpalfrom?－He"sfromChina.2－Wheredoesshelive?-－ShelivesinTokyo. 3－DoesshespeakEnglish?－Yes,shedoes/No,shedosen"t.4－Isthatyournewpenpal?－Yes,heis/No,heisn"t.5－Whatlanguagedoesshespeak?－ShespeaksEnglish.Unit2Where"sthepostoffice一、词组postoffice邮局payphone投币式公用电话nextto在...隔壁acrossfrom在...对面infrontof在...前面between...and...在...和...之间onastreet在街上intheneighborhood在附近ontheright/left在右边／在左边onone"sright/left在某人的右边／左边turnright/left向右／左转takeawalk散步havefun玩得开心thewayto...去...的路takeataxi打的／乘出租车godown(along)...沿着...走gothrough...穿过...haveagoodtrip旅途愉快二、句型(1)、Isthereabanknearhere?Yes,thereis.It"sonCentreStreet.No,thereisn"t.(2)、Where"sthesupermarket? It"snexttothelibrary.(3)、BridgeStreetisagoodplacetohavefun.(4)、Ihopeyouhaveagoodtrip.(5)、Ifyouarehungry,youcanbuyfoodintherestaurant.(6)、Talkawalkthoughthepark..(7)、enjoy后接名词或动词-ing形式.Doyouenoy(=like)yourwork?Doyouenjoy(=like)livinginthecity?三、日常交际用语(1)、Istherea....?句型Eg:-Excuseme.Isthereahotelintheneighborhood.-Yes,thereis.No.thereisn"t(2)、Whereis...?句型Eg:-Whereisthepark,please?-It"sbehindthebank.(肯定回答)-I"msorryIdon"tknow.(否定回答)(3)、Whichisthewayto+地点?句型.例如：-Whichisthewaytothelibrary.(4)、HowcanIgetto+地点?句型.例如：-HowcanIgettotherestaurant?(5)、Canyoutellmethewayto+地点？句型.例-Canyoutellmethewaytothepostoffice?(6)、Letmetellyouthewaytomyhouse.(7)、Justgostraightandturnleft.Unit3Whydoyoulikekoalas?一、词组wanttodosth.想要做某事wantsbtodosth想要某做某事wantsth想要某物 Letsbdosth让某人做某事kindof有几分种类akindof一种......yearsold...年龄如：tenyearsold十岁liketodosth喜欢做某事likedoingsthplaywith...与...一起玩bequiet安静duringtheday在白天atnight在夜间havealookat..看...one...theother一个...另一个...二、句型(1)、-whydoyoulikepandas?-Becausethey"reverycure.(2)、-Whydosehelikekoalas?-Becausetheyarekindofinteresting.(3)、-Wherearelionsfrom?-LionsarefromSouthAfrica.(4)、-Whatanimalsdoyoulike?-Ilikeelephants.三、日常交际用语(1)、-Let"sseethelions.(2)-Whydoyouwanttoseethelions?-Becasetheyareverycute.(3)-Doyoulikegiraffes?Yes,Ido./No,Idon"t(4)-Whatotheranimaldoyoulike?_Ilikedogs.tooother+名词的复数.表示没有特定的数量范围theother+名词的复数表示有特定的数量范围. (5)-Whyareyoulookingatme?-Becauseyouareverycute.(6)-Letusplaygames.-Great!Letmesee.Unit4Iwanttobeanactor.一、词组wanttobe+职业想要成为。。。shopassistant店员bankclerk银行职员workwith与。。。一起工作workhard努力工作workfor为。。。而工作workas作为。。而工作get..from...从。。。获得。。。givesth.to.sb/give.sb.sth把某物给某人正确的表示：giveit/themtosb.错误的表示：givesb.it/themintheday在白天atnight在夜间talkto/with与...讲话goouttodinners外出吃饭inahospital在医院newspaperreporter报社记者movieactor电影演员二、句型(1)-Whatdo/does+某人+do?例：-Whatdoyoudo?-I"mastudent.-Whatdosehedo?He"sateacher.(2)-Whatdo/does+某人+wanttobe?例：Whatdoyouwanttobe?-Iwanttobeateacher. -Whatdoesshewanttobe?Shewanttobeanuser.(3)-Wheredoesyoursisterwork?-Sheworksinahospital.(4)-DoesheworkinthehospiatYes.hedoes/No,hedoesn"t(5)-Doessheworklate?-Yes,shedoes/No.shedoesn"t(6)－英语中询问职业的几种表达方式：Whatdo/does...do?Whatis...?Whatisyourfather?What"sone"sjob?例：What"syourfather"sjob?Unit5I"mwatchingTV.一、词组dohomework做家庭作业watchTV看电视eatdinner吃饭；就餐cleantheroom打扫房间readnewspaper/abook看报纸／看书gotothemovies看电影writealetter写信waitfor等待；等候talkabout谈论。。。。playbasketball/soccer/打篮球／踢足球takephotos拍照TVshow电视节目Someof。。。。。。中的一些aphotoofmyfamily我的家庭照atschool在学校bewith和。。。一起inthetree在树上 二、句型(1)-What+be+主语+doing?....正在做什么？-主语＋be+doing。。。...正在做某事。例：－whatareyoudoing?-I"mdoingmyhomework.(2)-Thanksfor...为。。。而感谢例：Thanksforyourletter.(3)-Hereare/is...例：Herearesomeofmyphotos.Hereisaphotoofmyfamily.(4)-Thatsoundsgood.(5)-ThisTVshowisboring.三、日常交际用语(1)-Doyouwanttogotothemovices?-Sure.(2)-Whendoyouwanttogo?-Let"sgoatseven.(3)-Wheredopeopleplaybasketball?-Atschool.(4)-What"shewaitingfor?-He"swaitingforabus.(5)-What"shereading?He"sreadinganewspaper.1)现在在进行时的形式是：助动词be(am,is,are)+动词-ing形式（也叫现在分词），表示现在（说话的瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作。2)现在进行时的肯定句形式主语+be(am,is,are)+动词现在分词+其他I"mwatchingTV.3)现在进行时的否定句形式主语+be(am,is,are)+not+动词现在分词+其他Theyarenotplayingsoccer.4)现在进行时的一般疑问句形式及回答:Is(am,are)+主语+动词现在分词+其他?Yes,主语+is/am/are.No,主语+isn"t/aren"t/amnot.Areyoureading?Yes,Iam.No,Iamnot. 5)现在进行时的特殊疑问句形式:特殊疑问词+is/am/are+主语+现在分词+其他?例:Whatisyourbrotherdoing?6)动词+ing形式(现在分词)的构成.1一般情况下在动词词结尾加-ing.如:eat--eating,do-doing,clean-cleaning,play-playing,2以不发音的元音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e再加-ing.如:take--taking,write-writing,have-havingcome-coming.dance--dancing3词尾如果是以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词.应该先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing.如:run-running,sit-sitting,swim-swimming.Shop-shopping.put-putting,sit-sittingUnit6It"sraining!一、词组AroundTheWorld世界各地Onvacation度假Takephotos拍照Onthebeach在海边agroupofpeople一群人playbeachvolleyball打沙滩排球besurprised惊讶的besurprisedatsth./sb.对某人或某人感到惊讶inthisheat在酷暑中berelaxed放松haveagoodtime玩得很痛快indifferentkindofweather在不同的天气里Thanksbfor(doing)sth由于（做）某事而感谢某人How"sitgoing?近况如何Some...others...一些...另一些... Looklike..看起来像。。。二、句型／日常交际用语(1)-How"stheweather(+地点)?-It"sraining?(2)-What"stheweatherlike?-It"ssunny./It"scoldandsnowing.(3)-How"sitgoing?-Great./Notbad.(4)ThanksyouforjoiningCCTV"sAroundTheWorldshow?(5)-IsAuntWangthere?-Yes,sheis/No,sheisn"tUnit7Whatdosehelooklike?一、词组looklike看起来像....curly/short/straight/longhair卷／短／直发mediumheight/build中等高度／身体alittlebit一点儿...apopsinger一位流行歌手play的用法。wearglasses戴眼镜haveanewlook呈现新面貌goshopping去购物thecaptainofthebasketballteam篮球队队长Nobodyknowsme没有人认识我二、句型1)--Whatdoeshelooklike?--He"sreallyshort.Hehasshorthair.2)--Shehasbeautiful,longblackhair.3)--Idon"tthinkhe"ssogreat.4)--Whatdoyoulooklike?I"mtall.I"mthin.5)--Whatdotheylooklike?---Theyaremediumheight.6)--Sheneverstopstalking.--Stopdoing(sth)表示停止正在干的事. 如:Hestoplistening--stoptodo(sth)表示停下来去做某事如:Hestopstolisten.7)Icangoshoppingandnobodyknowsme.Unit8I"dlikesomenoodles.1.词组wouldlike想要alarge/medium/smallbowl大碗/中碗/小碗whatsize什么尺寸orangejuice桔汁greentea绿茶phonenumber电话号码aswellas而且whatkindof表示....的种类akindof一种...somekindof许多种...abowlofrice一碗米饭abottlefoorangejuice一瓶桔子汁threeoranges三个桔子(可数)abottlefoorangej一瓶桔子汁(不可数)somechicken一些鸡肉(不可数)threechickens三只小鸡(可数)二句型1)Whatkindof...wouldyoulike?你想要...?EG:--Whatkindofnoodleswouldyoulike?--Beefandtomatonoodles.please.2)Wehavelare,medium,andsmallbowls.3)Ilikedumplings,Idon"tlkeenoodles.三日常交际用语(1)-CanIhelpyou?--I"dlikesomenoodles.please. (2)--whatkindofnoodleswouldyoulike?--I"dlikemuttonandpotatonoodles.Please.(3)-Wouldyoulikeacupfogreentea?--Yes,please./No,thankswouldlike后面还可以跟不定式.即:A:wouldliketodo.sth.想要做某事.Hewouldliketoseeyoutoday.B:wouldlikesb.to.do.sth.想要某人做某事Whatwouldyoulikemetodo.Unit9Howwasyourweekend?一、词组doone"shomework做某人的家庭作业如：domyhomework做我的家庭作业play+运动或棋类如：playsoccer踢足球playchess下棋play+乐器如：playtheguitar弹吉他gotothemovies去看电影dosomereading阅读studyforthe(math)test准备（数学）考试stayathome呆家里gotosummercamp去夏令营gotothemountains去爬山visitsb拜访某人goshopping去购物lastmonth上个月threedaysago三天前yesterday昨天lookfor寻找goforawalk散步inthemorning/afternoon/evening在早上／在下午／在晚上 playcomputergames玩电脑游戏Itwastimetodosth该。。。的时候了二、句型（1）Ivisitedmyauntlastweekend.(2)--Howwasyourweekend?--Itwasgreat./OK(3)-Itwastimetogohome.三、日常交际用语(1)-Whatdidyoudolastweekend?--OnSaturdaymorning,Iplayedteenis.(2)-Howwasyourweekend?--Itwasgreat.Iwenttothebrach.一般过去时态一般过去时态表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,动词通常用一般过去式来表示,除动词be的过去式was/were有人称变化,其他都没人称的变化.过去式的构成(1)一般情况下在动词词尾加-ed.如:stay-stayedhelp-helpedvisit-visited(2)词尾是e的动词加-d.如:like-likedlive-lived(3)以一个元音字母加一个辅音结尾的重读闭章节应双写该辅音字母,再加-ed.如:stop-stoppedplan-planned(4)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,要将y改为i再加-ed.如:study-studiedworry-worried(5)不规则动词的过去am/is-wasare-werehave-hadgo-wentfind-founddo-didsee-sawUnit10Wheredidyougoonvacation?一、词组 ptettygood相当好；不错intheconner在角落kindofboring有点无聊belost迷路feelhappy感到高兴befun很有趣onvacation在度假CentralPark中央公园theGreatWall长城thePalaceMuseum故宫Tian"anMenSquare天安门广场二、句型(1)-Wheredidyougoonvacation?--Iwenttothebreach.(2)-Howwastheweather?--Itwashotandhumid.(3)--Itwaskindofboring(4)-Thatmademefeelveryhappy.(5)--Wehadgreatfunplayinginthewater.--havegreatfundoingsth表示"愉快地做某事"，"做某事很有趣"(6)Ihelpedhimfindhisfather.Thatmademefeelveryhappy.helpsb.(to)do.sth.帮助某人做某事（to可省）makesb.do.sth.使某人做某事letsb.do.sth.Letmehelpyoucarry(搬动)it.(7)Ifoundasmallboycryingintheconner.findsb.doingsth.发现某人正在做某事。findsb.do.sth.发现某人做某事（整个过程）Unit11Whatdoyouthinkofgameshows?一、词组talkshow谈话节目 soapopera肥皂剧sportsshow体育节目gameshow比赛节目thinkof认为howabout......怎么样？＝whatabout...infact事实上athirteen-year-oldboy一个十三岁的男孩＝Theboyisthirteenyearsoldtalkto(with)...跟...谈话thanksfor...为...感谢eachstudent每个学生keyring钥匙链baseballcap棒球帽theschoolmagazine校刊can"tstand不能忍受don"tmind不介意／无所谓／不在乎二、句型(1)-Whatdoyouthinkofsituationcomedy?--Ilovethem(2)-Iaskedstudentsaboutfashion.(3)-ThisiswhatIthink.(4)--Idon"tmindwhatyoungpeoplethinkofme!(5)-Canyoupleaseputmyletterinnextmonth"smagazine?三、日常交际用语(1)-Whatdoyouthinkofsuopoperas?---Ilovethem/Idon"tmindthem/Ican"tstandthem/Idon"tlike.(2)-Howaboutyou?---Ido.too.(3)--Whatdoyouthinkof...?--=Howdoyoulike...?如：Whatdoyouthinkofthepicture? =Howdoyoulikethepicture?Unit12Don"teatinclass.一、词组schoolrules学校规章制度breaktherules违反规章制度inthehallways在过道listentomusic听音乐inthemusicroom在音乐教室里inthedininghall在餐厅sportsshoes运动鞋gymclass体育课afterschool放学后havetodo不得不做toomany太多getup起床byteno"clock十点之前makedinner做饭thechildren"spalace少年宫二、句型(1)-Don"tarrivelateforclass.(2)-Wecan"tlistentomusicinthehallways,butwecanlistentoitoutside.(3)-Whatelsedoyouhavetodo?--Wehavetocleantheclassroom.(4)--Canwewearhatsinschool?--Yes,wecan/No,wecan"t.(5)-Doyouhavetowearauniformatschool?-Yes,wedo/No,wedon"t.重难点精析祈使句 通常用来表示命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告等语气。它的主语you(听话人)通常省略。其构成通常有以下几种形式。1)Be型（即系动词原型be+表语＋其他）。如：Bequiet,please.否定句Don"t+be+表语+其他。如：Don"tbeangry.2)Do型（即系动词原形＋宾语＋其他）。如：Openyoubooks,please.否定句Don"t+实义动词原形+宾语+其他。如：Don"teatintheclassroom.3)Let型（即Let+宾语+动词原形+其他）如：Letmehelpyou.Let"sgoatsixo"clock.否定句一般在宾语后加not。如：Let"notwatchTV.4)No+V-ing型（此种形式通常用于公共场合的提示语中，意为"禁止做某事"）如：Nosmoking!严禁吸烟！Notalking!不许交谈！Nopassing!禁止通行！Noparking!不许停车