初中英语语法专题辅导第九讲情态动词 37页

主讲教师：王克平 ModalVerbs情态动词 Ifyouwanttocrossastreet,youmustwaitforthegreenlight.Youmustn’tcrossinfrontofthetraffic.Ifthelightisyellow,youshouldwait.Ifyouarenotcareful,acarmayhityou.IfyouareintheUK,youhavetodriveontheleft.andfindout 情态动词,顾名思义是用来表达感情和态度的动词。表明说话人的立场和口气,以及说话想达到的目的常用的情态动词有：can(could),may(might),must,haveto,need,oughtto,shall,should Someofuscanusethecomputernow,butwecouldn’ttenyearsago.Can/CouldIborrowthesebooks?Thestorycannotbetrue.1）能，会：表示能力，相当于beableto(beableto适用于任何时态)。2）可以，表示许可，(may较正式，could较婉转）3）可能，表示否定推测，can’tbe不可能 （2012年济南）-----Lisa,_____youspeakFrench?-----Yes,butonlyalittle.A.needB.mustC.mayD.can 2013济南---_____Ihelpyou,sir?---Yes,IwantaT-shirt.ACanBShouldCMustDWould （2010年北京）------＿＿youturndownyourradio,please?------Yes,Ican.A.MayB.NeedC.MustD.Can（2009年济南）-----Who’sthatgirlswimminginthepool?IsitLucy?-----It＿＿beLucy.Sheissleepinginherbedroomnow.A.mayB.can’tC.mustD.should 1.表推测2.表请求、允许 1.---MayIwatchTVaftersupper?---Yes,youmay.---No,Youmaynot/can’t./You’dbetternot.No,youmustn’t.2.Ifyouarenotcareful,acarmayhityou.可以，表示许可，相当于can.(注意问句中的回答）2)可能，或许，表示推测maybe可能1.---MayIwatchTVaftersupper?---Yes,youmay.---No,Youmaynot/can’t./You’dbetternot.No,youmustn’t. (2010年福州)-----Dad,mustIdomyhomeworknow?-----No,you＿＿＿playgameswithyourfriendsforalittlewhile.A.wouldB.needn’tC.mayD.should （2009年广州）—＿＿＿Itakesomephotosinthehall?—No,you＿＿＿.A.Can;needn"tB.Must;mustn"tC.Could;won"tD.May;mustn"t 1必须，应该Youmustfinishyourtaskbeforeplayinggames.2表示推测，意为“一定”Hemustbeathomenow.3一般疑问句肯定回答用must，否定回答则用needn’t或者don’thaveto.三、must的用法 Ifyouwanttocrossastreet,youmustwaitforthegreenlight.Youmustn’tcrossinfrontofthetraffic.---MustIbehomebefore8o’clock?---Yes,youmust.---No,youneedn’t/don’thaveto.3.Theremustbesomethingwrongwithmycomputer.must:必须；mustn’t:不准，禁止回答带有must的问句时，否定式常用needn’t或don’thaveto.3)一定，表示肯定的猜测。（否定猜测用can’t） 2013泰安28.—MayIsmokehere?--No,you.Thisisno-smokingroom.A.needn’tB.mustn’tC.couldn’tD.wouldn’t IfyouareintheUK,youhavetodriveontheleft.Theanimalsweeathavetospendtheirliveslivingintinyspaces.haveto不得不 Ihavetobeatworkatnineo’clockeveryday.ShehastoworkonSaturdays.They’llhavetostayinahotel.DoesDickhavetogotoBeijingonbusiness?Hedidn’thavetogotherelastweek.haveto+动词原形haveto有人称、数、时态的变化当主语为第三人称单数时，用hasto+动词原形变问句或否定句时，需借助助动词。nothaveto=needn’tIhavetobeatworkatnineo’clockeveryday.ShehastoworkonSaturdays.They’llhavetostayinahotel.DoesDickhavetogotoBeijingonbusiness?Hedidn’thavetogotherelastweek. Ihavetobeatworkatnineo’clockeveryday.ShehastoworkonSaturdays.They’llhavetostayinahotel.DoesDickhavetogotoBeijingonbusiness?Hedidn’thavetogotherelastweek.haveto+动词原形haveto有人称、数、时态的变化当主语为第三人称单数时，用hasto+动词原形变问句或否定句时，需借助助动词。nothaveto=needn’t 2012北京（）—Mum,mustIwashthedishesrightnow?—No,you____.A.shouldn’tB.wouldn’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t 2013莱芜（）Studentsinourschool________knowshoutingisnotallowedinthelibrary.A.canB.mayC.mustD.need 2012威海（　）—MustIlearnallthesewordsbyheart?—No,you______.It’llbefineifyoucopytheminyourexercisebooks.　　A.needn’tB.can’tC.shouldn’tD.mustn’t 两者都表示必须must侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事；haveto则重于表示外界客观需要，含有不得不或被迫之意I didn"t take the raincoat with me yesterday.I____wait for my father.A.have to    B.has to    C.had to    D.must2.Jack’sill,sothey______changetheirplans.A.mustB.shouldC.havetoD.oughtto 用法一用法二用法三作为实义动词，后加todo.用助动词提问或否定四、need的用法作为情态动词，后加do.用need提问或回答need后加doing表被动意义 1.Ineedtypethisletteragain.我需要重新录入将这封信.2.Thereisenoughtime.Youneedn’thurry.有的是时间，你不必着急。作情态动词 1).Weneedagreatdealofmoneynow.我们需要很多钱。2).Theydon’tneeditanymore.他们不再需要它了。3).Doesyourfatherneedanyhelp?你爸爸需要帮助吗?作行为动词+n. Whatdoweneedtotakeforthepicnic?野餐我们需要带些什么？Willweneedtoshowourpassports?我们需要出示护照吗？Youneedtotakegoodcareofyourmother.你要好好照料你妈妈作行为动词+to+do need:需要1)作情态动词Heneedmakeaplan.2)作行为动词（有人称和数变化，后接名词/带to的动词不定式）。Heneedstomakeaplan. 1.---Doweneed_________forthetickettothepark?---No,weneedn’t___________that.It’sfree.topay,todoB.topay,doC.pay,todoD.paying,doing2.Idon’tneed__________toschooltoday.A.togoB.goC.going3.Needhe_________?No.he_________.A.torun,needn’t.B.run,doesn’tneed.C.run,needn’t4.WillSam_________tomorrow?A.needtoleaveB.needleaveC.needstoleave Summarycan/could1）能，会：表示能力2）可以，表示许可3）可能，表示推测may/might1)可以，表示许可2)可能，或许，表示推测mustmust:必须；mustn’t:不准，禁止回答带有must的问句时，否定式常用needn’t或don’thaveto.3)一定，表示肯定的猜测。（否定猜测用can’t）haveto则重于表示外界客观需要，含有不得不或被迫之意need1)作情态动词2)作行为动词（有人称和数变化，后接名词/带to的动词不定式） Summary注意回答形式：1)MayI…?Yes,youmay.No,youcan’t(mustn’t).2)MustI…?Yes,youmust.No,youneedn’t. 情态动词用法专项练习Exercises:–CanyoulendmeyourMP3?–Sorry,I__.Myfatherhastakenitwithhim.A.mustn’tB.can’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t2.–ShallIgoandmeetyouattheairport?–No,thanks.I________takeataxihome.A.needB.mustC.shouldD.can3.–Ican’tfindDad.Whereishe?–I’mnotsure.He____beinthestudy.A.mustB.mayC.needD.will4.Allthepassengers_____wearseatbeltsontheplane.A.canB.mayC.willD.must Exercises:5.–___theexampaperbehandedinrightnow?–No,itdoesn’thaveto.Youmayhanditinbefore11:30.A.CanB.MustC.ShouldD.May6.–Mustwegettothestationbefore6:00?–No,you_____.Thetrainleavesat9:00.A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.won’tD.can’t7.–Mary,____youspeakChinese?–Yes,onlyalittle.A.mustB.needC.mayD.can8.–______Icomein?–Sure,comein,please.A.WillB.MayC.MustD.Need Exercises:9.–______Iuseyourmobilephone?–Certainly.Hereyouare.A.MayB.MustC.ShouldD.Need–MayIputmybikehere?–No,you_____.Putitoverthereplease.A.needn’tB.won’tC.mustn’tD.wouldn’t11.–Havingablog(博客)_____helpmemakemorefriends.A.canB.mustC.needD.should12.–_____Ireturnthebooknextweek?–No,youneedn’t.Youcankeepitifyoulike.A.CanB.MustC.MayD.Need Exercises:13.–MustIhandinmyexercisebookafterclass?–No,you_____.YoumaygiveittomenextMonday.A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.maynotD.can’t–MustIfinishtheworkintwodays,Mr.White?–______.A.Yes,youneed.B.No,youmustn’t.C.No,youneedn’tD.Yes,youcan15.–Mom,_______Iplaycomputergames?–Yes,youcan.Butyouhavetofinishyourhomeworkfirst.A.mustB.mayC.willD.need Ｔｈａｎｋ　ｙｏｕ　ａｎｄ　ｍａｙ　ｙｏｕ　ｇｒｅａｔ　ｐｒｏｇｒｅｓｓ．Ｇｏｏｄ　ｎｉｇｈｔ　ａｎｄ　ｈａｖｅ　ａ　ｓｗｅｅｔ　ｄｒｅｅｍ．