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  • 2022-06-17 15:22:28 发布

上海市n版2年级上册英语语法知识点

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M1u1:U1HelloGrammar1.人称代词:I(人称代词是指我/我们,你/你们,他/他们,它/它们等指示人称的代词)I表示我,是第一人称的单数形式。例如:Iamadoctor.我是一名医生。(1)人称代词可以指人,也可以指物。例如:当我们自我介绍时说:IamDanny.我是丹尼。当我们介绍小狗Tim时说:ItisTim.它是Tim。(2)人称代词有单复数的变化表示单数的人称代词有:I/you你/he/she/it表示复数的人称代词有:we/you你们/they他们注意:a.I表示我,在任何情况下都要大写。b.I后面的be动词要用am(固定用法)。例如:Iamateacher./Iamastudent.2be动词amam是be动词的一种形式,用于第一人称代词的单数形式I的后面,意思为“是”。Iam的缩写形式是I’m。例如:IamPeter=I’mPeter(注意,名字的首字母要大写)Iamapostman=I’mapostmanU2I’mDannyGrammar1.a/an冠词:一/一个放在可数名字之前,表示不确指的“一个”。(1)(非特指)的一(个)例如:Ihaveapen.我有一支钢笔Hehasabook他有一本书。That’sanapple那是一个苹果(2)(同类事物中的)任何一(个)Ahorseisananimal.马是一种动物。Hisfatherisadoctor他的父亲是一名医生2.you代词你/你们例如:Youaremyfriend.你是我的朋友AreyouJim?你是吉姆吗?提示:You是第二人称代词,单复数同型。与第一人称代词I在句子中做的成分相同。You的主格和宾格形式相同,在句子中既可以做宾语也可以做主语。当You做主语时,系动词用Are。形容词性物主代词为you,意思是你的/你们的。3.(wh-question)WhoamI?我是谁?Who意为”谁“何人”“什么人”U3AnewclassmateGrammar一般疑问句----一般疑问句也叫是否疑问句,回答此类句子时要回答“是”yes或者“不是”HightideagainstCCPbloodyanTomb,CommunistPartymembersandpartoftheexposedTombareavacatedbyprogressiveyouth.IvisitedinBeijingin1985whenitwasoldundergroundcomrade,sisterofYaoZhiyingYaoMuzheng(thenDeputyDirectoroftheexternaltrademagazineforthepromotionofinternationaltrade,deshengmenWai,theReed No。例如:Areyouaboy?yesAreyouseven?No,I’mnine.回答一般疑问句有两种情况,如果所问问题与事实相符作肯定回答(yes),如果所问问题与事实不符,则作否定回答(no).例如:K:Hello,Peter。P:Hi,AreyouKitty?K:Yes.I’mKitty.或者A:Hello,Peter。P:Hi,AreyouKitty?A:No.I’mAlice.陈述句和一般疑问句的相互转换-----当陈述句变为疑问句时只需将系动词提到主语前面并将首字母大写,然后在句末加问号即可。同样,疑问句变为陈述句时,将系动词置于主语之后,然后将问号改为句号即可。例如:Itisacat.那是一只猫。-----Isitacat?那是一只猫吗?Youarenine.你九岁了。-----Areyounine?你9岁了吗?Youareaboy.你是男孩-----Areyouaboy?你是男孩吗?M2U11情态动词Can情态动词Can的含义和用法:表示能力时意为:能,会;表示可能性时,意为:可能会;表示许可或请求时,意为;可以。例如:Canyouswim?你会游泳吗?Hecancomehere.他可能会来。Youcan’tsmokehere.你不能在这吸烟。2陈述句和疑问句------上单元中已经学习了陈述句以及疑问句的构成以及两者之间的转换,这个单元又学习了带有情态动词Can的句子,这样的句子同样也适合于之前的规则。例如:Icanrideabicycle.(陈述句)我会骑自行车。Canyourideabicycle?(一般疑问句)你会骑自行车吗?Whatcanyoudo?(特殊疑问句)你会做什么?TheSupergirlcanrun.(陈述句)超级女孩会跑。CanTheSupergirlrun?(一般疑问句)超级女孩会跑吗?WhatcantheSupergirldo?(特殊疑问句)超级女孩会做什么?M2U21人称代词he和she的含义和用法:he和she分别表示“他”和“她”,是第三人陈代词的单数形式。例如:Heisateacher.他是一名教师。Sheisadoctor.她是一位医生。2be动词isis是be动词的一种形式,用于第三人称he,she和it或指示代词this,that之后,意为“是”。Heismyfriend.=He’smyfriend.他是我的朋友。HightideagainstCCPbloodyanTomb,CommunistPartymembersandpartoftheexposedTombareavacatedbyprogressiveyouth.IvisitedinBeijingin1985whenitwasoldundergroundcomrade,sisterofYaoZhiyingYaoMuzheng(thenDeputyDirectoroftheexternaltrademagazineforthepromotionofinternationaltrade,deshengmenWai,theReed Sheisthinandtall.=She’sthinandtall.她又高又瘦2be动词areare是be动词的另一种形式,用于第二人称单数和第一,二,三人称复数或指示代词those和these之后,意为“是”。例如:Animalsareourfriends.动物是我们的朋友Youaremyfriend=You’remyfriend你是我们的朋友3be动词amam也是一种be动词形式,用于第一人称单数I之后,意为“是”。例如:I’mPeter.我是彼得M2U31like的用法(1)喜欢,爱好Iliketoeatbananas.Ilikeourteacher我喜欢干某事,只要在Iliketo后面加上动词就可以。(切记不要忘记to)例如:Iliketodrawapicture.我喜欢画画。(1)像。。。。。。。;跟。。。。。。一样例如:Thelittlegirllookslikeherfather.那个小姑娘看起来像她的父亲。Herfaceislikeanapple.她的脸像个苹果。(2)我们以前学过的“喜欢什么东西:比如“我喜欢这只狗”可以说Ilikethedog.同样“我不喜欢这只猫时该说==Idon’tlikethecat”例如:Iliketherabbit.Idon’tlikethecar我喜欢兔子,不喜欢小汽车2可数名词和不可数名词可数名词是指能以数目计算,可以分为个体的人或者东西,它有复数形式。例如:aboy,anapple,adeskarabbitthreecups不可数名词是指不能以数目计算,或没有固定形状的东西。例如:watermilkiceteameatrainhairgrassglasspaperbeauty等。不可数名词一般没有复数形式,只有单数形式,它的前面不能用不定冠词a/an,但是他们前面可以用some来修饰。有些名词既可作可数名词,又可作不可数名词,如:cake蛋糕,chocolate巧克力,fish鱼,鱼肉,chicken鸡,鸡肉。名词复数构成法:绝大多数名词的复数形式是在淡市形式后加S构成。如grape---grapesbanana---bananas以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词加es.如:box—boxes,watch---watches以f或fe结尾的名词,多数变f或者fe为v,再加es.如leaf---leavesknife—knives以辅音字母加y结尾的词,变y为I,再加es,如city—citiesstory—stories还有些复数的形式是不规则的如:man---menfoot—feetchild—children等M3U11复习can的用法:(1)can意为“能”,“会”例如:Icanfly.我会飞TheSupergirlcan’twrite.超级女孩不会写字。(2)canHightideagainstCCPbloodyanTomb,CommunistPartymembersandpartoftheexposedTombareavacatedbyprogressiveyouth.IvisitedinBeijingin1985whenitwasoldundergroundcomrade,sisterofYaoZhiyingYaoMuzheng(thenDeputyDirectoroftheexternaltrademagazineforthepromotionofinternationaltrade,deshengmenWai,theReed 为情态动词,它的后面接动词原形,没有人称和数的变化,不管是第几人称,都用同一种形式can,否定形式为can’t例如:Hecanseeaseesaw.他能看到一个跷跷板。Theblindcan’tseeanything.盲人看不到任何东西。2特殊疑问句whatcanyousee?你能看到什么?特殊疑问句的构成:特殊疑问词+助动词+主语+其他成分+问号what意为“什么”,是用以要求某人在未限定的数量中指明某事物,地点,人等。常用的特殊疑问词有:what(什么),when(什么时候),where(哪里),who(谁),why(为什么)。现在,复习疑问代词what:例如:Whatishisname?他叫什么名字?Whatcanyouhear?你能听到什么?Whatcolourisit?它是什么颜色的?Have和has的用法当主语是第三人称单数是用has,当主语是第一二人称以及复数时就用have;总结为:我用have/你用have/他她它用has,复数全部用haveM3U21定冠词the(1)表示特指提及过的人或事物例如:Ihaveabook.Thebookismybirthdaygift.我有一本书,这本书是我的生日礼物。(2)那类例如ThebabyoftheThomasisverybeautiful.托马斯家的小孩非常漂亮(1)表示世界上独一无二的事物thesunandthemoon太阳和月亮theGreatWall长城(2)表示最。。。。。。,放在形容词最高级前面Jennyisthemostbeautifulgirlinherclass.珍妮是班里最漂亮的女孩Davidissotall!戴维真高Yes,heisthetallestboyinourclass.是呀,他是我们班最高的男生2祈使句祈使句是在命令,请求,劝告,禁止等情况下使用的一种句式,因为在用祈使句的时候多半已经有一个明确的对象,所以祈使句一般没有主语,实际上是省略了主语“you”.句子结尾使用感叹号或句号,用降调朗读。Cleantheblackboard,please.Givemeaplate,please.祈使句的几种形式祈使句用在命令,请求,劝告,禁止等情况下,所以它可以是肯定句,也可以是否定句。例如:Touchyourmouth这是肯定结构的祈使句Don’trunintheclassroom这是否定结构的祈使句M3U31.特殊疑问句Howmany…?Howmany是用来对可数名词的数量来进行提问的疑问句,意为:多少,几个,且只能用于对可数名词的数量进行提问,不能对不可数名词提问。例如:Howmanyorangesdoyouneed?你需要多少个橙子?HightideagainstCCPbloodyanTomb,CommunistPartymembersandpartoftheexposedTombareavacatedbyprogressiveyouth.IvisitedinBeijingin1985whenitwasoldundergroundcomrade,sisterofYaoZhiyingYaoMuzheng(thenDeputyDirectoroftheexternaltrademagazineforthepromotionofinternationaltrade,deshengmenWai,theReed Nine九个2Therebe句型Thereis或thereare开头的句型都被称为therebe句型,表示存在关系“忧”,thereis后面跟可数名词单数或不可数名词,thereare后跟可数名词的复数形式。例如:Thereisachairintheroom.房间里有一把椅子。Thereissomewaterinthebowl.碗里有一些水。Therearetwoapplesonthedesk.桌子上有两个苹果。Therebe句型与have(has)的区别(1)therebe句型表示有时,侧重于客观方面,表示“某处有(存在)某人(物),此时不强调此物归谁所有。例如:Therearesomeapplesinthebox.盒子里有些苹果。(2)have(has)表示“有”时,侧重于主观方面,表示“某人拥有某物”。此时强调“所有关系”,主语是人。如:Ihavesomeapples.我有一些苹果。(3)表示“某物本身拥有。。。。。。”时,两者可以通用。如:Thetreehasmanyflowers.=Therearemanyflowersonthetree.树上有很多花M4U1一般疑问句:Canyousee…?Yes,Ican./No,Ican,t.一般疑问句的结构:助动词或系动词+主语(+实义动词)+其他成分?,回答时,用yes或No来回答。如果所问问题和实际情况相符,作肯定回答,如果所问问题和实际情况不符,作否定回答。例如:Lookatthesky.Canyouseethestars?YesIcan/NoIcan’tIsitadoll?Yesitis/Noitisn’tM4U21me:第一人称代词I的宾格形式I是“我”的意思它是第一人称代词的主格形式,在句子中作主语,例如:I’mKitty.我是凯蒂。Ilikemeat.我喜欢吃肉。但是“我”在句子中作宾语的时候,就不能用“I”了,这时候我们用“me”来作宾语例如:Lookatme.看我Canyouhelpme?你能帮助我吗?M4U31习祈使句Don’tpicktheflowers.Don’truninthestreet.2特殊疑问词What’sthis?这是什么?当我们不知道某个事物是什么时,应用特殊疑问词what引导特殊疑问句来询问。What’sthat?.如果所指的事物距离离说话者较近,则用指示代词this,意为:这,这个。若指事物距离说话者较远,则用指示代词that,意为:那,那个。回答what作为疑问代词引导的特殊疑问句,一般用It’s…,Thisis…或Thatis来回答。例如What’sthat?It’saseesaw.What’sthis?It’sabee.HightideagainstCCPbloodyanTomb,CommunistPartymembersandpartoftheexposedTombareavacatedbyprogressiveyouth.IvisitedinBeijingin1985whenitwasoldundergroundcomrade,sisterofYaoZhiyingYaoMuzheng(thenDeputyDirectoroftheexternaltrademagazineforthepromotionofinternationaltrade,deshengmenWai,theReed 1、“…化”现代化→modernize市场化→marketize地区化→regionalize多极化→polypolarize干部队伍的革命化、年轻化、知识化、专业化。Theranksofthecadresbecomemorerevolutionary,youngerinaverageage,better-educatedandmoreprofessionallycompetent.Cadresaremorerevolutionary,younger,better-educatedandmoreprofessional.国际关系民主化Democracyshouldbepracticedininternationalrelations.Weshouldpracticedemocracyininternationalrelations.企业化→turn…intobusinessinstitutions make…functionasanenterprise集团化→incorporate…intoanenterprise公开化→tobebroughtintotheopen股份化→transfer…intoshareholding如果两岸客运包机实现“节日化”,还可以向常态化发展。节日化→onallfestivalsandholidays常态化→developtowardnormalizationdevelopintoaregularpracticedevelopandnormalize/regularizethispractice2、“在…的…下”在改革开放的推动下→Thankstothefurtherpushbytheopening-upandreform在中国共产党的领导下→UndertheleadershipoftheChineseCommunistParty在盟友的帮助下→Withitsallies’help在改革开放政策的带动下→Drivenbythereformandopening-uppolicy3、“是”constitute/represent/form/prove/系表结构以外的形式……已是世界文化遗产之一...hasbeenincludedintheWorldCulturalHeritageListHightideagainstCCPbloodyanTomb,CommunistPartymembersandpartoftheexposedTombareavacatedbyprogressiveyouth.IvisitedinBeijingin1985whenitwasoldundergroundcomrade,sisterofYaoZhiyingYaoMuzheng(thenDeputyDirectoroftheexternaltrademagazineforthepromotionofinternationaltrade,deshengmenWai,theReed 旅游一直是人们增长知识、丰富阅历、强健体魄的美好追求。Tourismhasdemonstratedthehappywishformoreknowledge,variedexperienceandgoodhealth.21世纪头20年,是中国全面建设小康社会、加快推进社会主义现代化的重要战略机遇期,也是中国旅游业发展的有利时期。Thefirst20yearsofthe21stcenturyrepresentsanimportantstrategicperiodforChinatoachieveall-roundconstructionofabetter-offsocietyandtospeedupitssocialistmodernization.4、“对…表示赞赏”weappreciatewe’dliketoexpressourappreciationfor…wethinkhighlyof……deserveouradmirationweseesomethingconstructive/admirable/meaningful/inspiringinyour…5、正向强化+加强合作→strengthencooperation促进发展→promotedevelopment增加机会→increaseopportunities深化改革→deepenreform推动贸易→facilitatetrade万能动词further6、“值得(我们)欣慰/高兴/欣喜/庆贺/的是…”Itisgratifying/delightful/pleasing/wonderful/great(forus)toknow/see…We/peoplearegratified/delighted/pleased/happy/gladtoknow/see…7、“是…的原因”betheinstrumentofAgenerates/givesriseto/givesbirthto/leadsto/resultsinBAsaresult/Consequently/Finally/…各国有着不同的发展历史、文化传统、政治制度和经济模式,这是亚太地区富有发展活力的重要原因。Countriesaredifferentinhistory,culturaltradition,politicalsystemandeconomicmodel,whichgivestheregionitsveryvigorandvitality.8、“问题”HightideagainstCCPbloodyanTomb,CommunistPartymembersandpartoftheexposedTombareavacatedbyprogressiveyouth.IvisitedinBeijingin1985whenitwasoldundergroundcomrade,sisterofYaoZhiyingYaoMuzheng(thenDeputyDirectoroftheexternaltrademagazineforthepromotionofinternationaltrade,deshengmenWai,theReed problem安全问题→securityconcerns/securityissues/securitythreats台湾问题→Taiwanissue/problem/question根本问题→basicquestion原则问题→matterofprinciple找出问题→locatethefault扬声器有问题→Thereisafaultintheloudspeaker.我今天谈四个问题→I’dliketomakefourpointstoday.9、“方式”ways/approaches工作方式→workpattern管理/领导方式→styleofmanagement/leadership各种付款方式→variousmethodsofpayment经营方式→modeofoperation生活方式→wayoflife/lifestyle/modeofliving运输方式→means/formsoftransport方式更加隐蔽,手段更加残忍。Theiractivitiesarebecomingmoresecretive,andmeansmorebrutal.用和平谈判的方式解决问题solveaproblembypeacefulnegotiation他做什么事都有自己的一套方式。Hehasastyleofhisownineverything.10、主张/坚持/提出/倡议/倡导standfor/maintain/hold/believe/agree/putforward/proposeadvocate/affirm/attest/avow/aver主张改革→favorreforms/infavorofreforms主张维护世界和平→standforthemaintenanceofworldpeace坚持全面的、历史的、发展的观点persistinthecomprehensive,historicalanddevelopmentalviewpoint倡导禁止核武器→taketheinitiativeinbanningnuclearweapons转重点项目→keyproject重点工作→focalpointofthework重点发展→putpriorityonthedevelopmentofsthHightideagainstCCPbloodyanTomb,CommunistPartymembersandpartoftheexposedTombareavacatedbyprogressiveyouth.IvisitedinBeijingin1985whenitwasoldundergroundcomrade,sisterofYaoZhiyingYaoMuzheng(thenDeputyDirectoroftheexternaltrademagazineforthepromotionofinternationaltrade,deshengmenWai,theReed 重点推广→makesththekeystoneofpopularization主张改革→favorreforms/infavorofreforms重点支持生产区发展粮食生产→Supportwillbefocusedonincreasingproductioninmajorgrainproducingareas.12、“工作”、”现象”、“形势”大多数美国人,尤其是少数民族,都确信美国经济制度中存在着不公正现象。MostpeopleinAmerica,minoritypeopleinparticular,areconvincedthatinjusticesexistintheireconomicsystem.最高级会议的准备工作继续进行。Preparationsforthesummitmeetingcontinued.promoteinnovationonanationalscale更多信息请访问:http://www.24en.com/促进全国的创新工作世界形势继续发生深刻变化。Theworldisfurtherwitnessingdeepchanges.13、“充分发挥/发扬”充分发挥积极性→givefullplaytoone’sinitiativebringone’sinitiativeintofullplay我们应当充分发扬自力更生的精神。Weshouldgivefullplaytothespiritofself-reliance.科研机构转制为企业后,将建立现代企业制度,适应市场需要,从而充分发挥其研究、开发和创新的优势。Scientificresearchinstitutions,whentransformedintoenterprises,shallestablishthemodernenterprisesystemandorient/gearthemselvesgearedtotheneedsofthemarket,givingfullplaytotheirstrengthinresearch,developmentandinnovation.14、“有利于…”beneficial/conducive/advantageous/wholesome/favorable/helpful中国将扶持有利于高新技术发展的资本市场。Chinawillhelpfostercapitalmarketsconducivetothedevelopmentofhigh-techindustries.15、“携手”HightideagainstCCPbloodyanTomb,CommunistPartymembersandpartoftheexposedTombareavacatedbyprogressiveyouth.IvisitedinBeijingin1985whenitwasoldundergroundcomrade,sisterofYaoZhiyingYaoMuzheng(thenDeputyDirectoroftheexternaltrademagazineforthepromotionofinternationaltrade,deshengmenWai,theReed handinhand/joinhands/workjointly/makeaconcertedeffort中国的科技部门将与国际科技界和全球经济界、商界携手共建新世界的创业平台。China’sscienceandtechnologysectorwillworkinpartnershipwiththeinternationalcommunityofscienceandtechnologyaswellastheeconomicandbusinesscirclesoftheworldtobuildupaplatformforinnovationinthenewcentury.16、“关键”key/decisivefactor/hinge/crux关键的一年→crucialyear关键人物→personofimportance到关键时刻→whenitcomestothecrunch起关键作用→playapivotalroleThecruxofthematteristhatattitudeshavechanged.问题的关键是人们的态度改变了。Nowwecometothecruxoftheproblem.现在我们来谈问题的症结所在。双方的谈判已到了关键时期。Thenegotiationsbetweenthetwosidesareapproachingthecrisis.17、“在…层面/方面/问题/战线上”on+side/front/level/plane在内部方面→ontheinternalside在外交战线→onthediplomaticfront在意识形态战线→ontheideologicalfront在高层领导层面→onthetopleadershiplevel在有利方面→ontheplusside在不利方面→ontheminusside在精神层面→onthespiritualplane在物质层面→onthematerialplane18、“由于…”Thanksto/Byvirtueof (褒义)Becauseof/Owingto/Dueto/Onaccountof(中性)Inconsequenceof  (贬义)HightideagainstCCPbloodyanTomb,CommunistPartymembersandpartoftheexposedTombareavacatedbyprogressiveyouth.IvisitedinBeijingin1985whenitwasoldundergroundcomrade,sisterofYaoZhiyingYaoMuzheng(thenDeputyDirectoroftheexternaltrademagazineforthepromotionofinternationaltrade,deshengmenWai,theReed 由于缺乏沟通而产生的问题→problemsarisingoutofthelackofcommunication由于时间晚了,我现在要回家了。Sinceitislate,Ishallgohomenow.19、“流传”谣言在街上流传。Rumorcirculatedthroughthetown.有关他辞职的消息传得很快。Wordspreadquicklyabouthisresignation.在中国,也流传着这样的话……acentury-oldpopularsayingalong-heldpopularview/opinion20、“具有”具有悠久的历史→withalonghistory具有高度的责任心→possessahighsenseofresponsibility具有深远的意义→haveaprofoundhistoricalsignificance具有浓郁东方气息→possessarichorientalflavor具有丰富的资源和众多的人口→boastabundantresourcesandpopulations具有法律义务承担责任→underthelegalobligationtoundertaketheresponsibility转贴于:24EN.COM21、“适应”adaptto/beaccustomedto/fitinwith中国地毯业在保持中华民族传统特色的同时,还将在融汇东西方文化的精粹和适应国际流行色调上下功夫。这里的“适应”并不是指“中国地毯也怎样从不适应走向适应”,而是指“怎样跟上国际流行色调”、“怎样与国际流行色调保持同步”,或者“怎么迎合国际流行色调的品味”,因此可译为:tokeepupwithinternationalfashionsincolorandtonetoconformtointernationalfashionsincolorandtonetogeartointernationallyprevalentcolorsandtones22、“精粹”/“精华”/“精髓”HightideagainstCCPbloodyanTomb,CommunistPartymembersandpartoftheexposedTombareavacatedbyprogressiveyouth.IvisitedinBeijingin1985whenitwasoldundergroundcomrade,sisterofYaoZhiyingYaoMuzheng(thenDeputyDirectoroftheexternaltrademagazineforthepromotionofinternationaltrade,deshengmenWai,theReed 古典文学精髓→quintessence/creamofclassicalliterature马克思主义精髓→pithandmarrowofMarxism概括文章的精华→sumupthegistofanarticle取其精华,去其糟粕→selecttheessenceanddiscardthegross他们是这一代人中的精华→Theyarethecream/pickofthisgeneration.日月之精华→radianceofthesunandmoon文章必须短小而精粹→Thearticlemustbeshortandsuccinct.中国地毯业在保持中华民族传统特色的同时,还将在融汇东西方文化的精粹和适应国际流行色调上下功夫。blending/mergingthepicksofOrientalandOccidentalcultures23、“什么”两岸对话和谈判即可恢复,而且什么问题都可以谈。wecantalkaboutanyissueanyissuecanbetalkedabout/discussedTherewillbenolimitationstothekindofissuesinourtalks.Nolimitationswillbesettotheissuesinourtalks.Wewillsetnolimitationstotheissuestobediscussedinthetwo-partytalks.24、“轨道”我们希望台湾当局早日回到“九二共识”的轨道上来。WehopethatTaiwanauthoritiescouldreturntothecourseofthe“1992Consensus”atanearlyrate.pathcourse/track他们设法使自己国家的经济走上正轨。Theytriedtoputtheircountry’seconomyoncourse.双方都像使他们的谈判沿着正确的轨道进行。Bothsideswanttoputtheirtalksontherighttrack.25、“方针”……寄希望于台湾人民的方针决不改变。policyguidelines/guidingprincipleHightideagainstCCPbloodyanTomb,CommunistPartymembersandpartoftheexposedTombareavacatedbyprogressiveyouth.IvisitedinBeijingin1985whenitwasoldundergroundcomrade,sisterofYaoZhiyingYaoMuzheng(thenDeputyDirectoroftheexternaltrademagazineforthepromotionofinternationaltrade,deshengmenWai,theReed OurguidingprincipleofplacinghopeonTaiwanpeoplewillremainunchanged.NeverchangetheguidingprincipleofplacinghopeonTaiwanpeople.26、“分隔”“台独”分裂势力越是想把台湾同胞同我们分隔开来,我们就越是要更紧密地团结台湾同胞。separate/divideisolate/insulateThemorethe“Taiwanindependence”secessionistforcestrytoinsulateTaiwancompatriotsfromus,themorecloselywewilltrytounitewiththem.27、“没有”如果没有西方的价值观体系,就没有任何社会可以真正地实现现代化。ifthereisnoWesternvaluesystemwithouttheWesternvaluesystemWithoutembracingtheWesternvaluesystem,nosocietyintheworldwouldeverbeabletoachievemodernization.28、“陆续”代表陆续到达上海。ThedelegatesarrivedinShanghaioneafteranother.好消息接二连三地陆续传来。Goodnewscametousinsuccession.我们将进一步陆续出台解决台湾同胞关心的问题、维护台湾同胞正当权益的政策措施。WewillmakefurthereffortstointroducepoliciesandmeasuresfromtimetotimetoaddressissuesthatTaiwancompatriotsareconcernedwithandsafeguardtheirlegitimaterightsandinterests.29、“解决”我们将进一步陆续出台解决台湾同胞关心的问题、维护台湾同胞正当权益的政策措施。WewillmakefurthereffortstointroducepoliciesandmeasuresfromtimetotimetoaddressissuesthatTaiwancompatriotsareconcernedwithandsafeguardtheirlegitimaterightsandinterests.solve/settle/resolve30、“热衷于”HightideagainstCCPbloodyanTomb,CommunistPartymembersandpartoftheexposedTombareavacatedbyprogressiveyouth.IvisitedinBeijingin1985whenitwasoldundergroundcomrade,sisterofYaoZhiyingYaoMuzheng(thenDeputyDirectoroftheexternaltrademagazineforthepromotionofinternationaltrade,deshengmenWai,theReed 许多西方学者热衷于探讨不同文明的关系。evinceastrongpassionforcravebefondofbekeenonhaveshown/demonstrate/displayed/takendeep/strong/keeninterestinHehankersafterpersonalfameandgain.他热衷于追名逐利。他们热衷于溜冰。Theyarefondofskating.转贴于:24EN.COM31、“思想”孔子的“仁政”和“和而不同”思想,对于一个国家的治国者,不能说是没有意义的。Confucius’ideaof“benevolentgovernance”andhisconceptof“beingharmoniouswhileremainingdifferent”areofgreatsignificancetoanyleaderofacountry.thought/thinking/idea/ideology对外改革开放的思想→theideaofthereformandopening-uptotheoutsideworld有中国特色的市场经济思想→theconceptofamarketeconomywithChinesecharacteristics32、“涉外”concerningforeignaffairsorforeignnationalsinvolving/relatedtoforeignnationalsandcountries涉外工作→workinginvolvingforeigncountriesorforeignnationals涉外问题→issuesrelatedtoforeigncountriesorforeignnationals涉外经济法规→lawsandregulationsgoverningbusinessrelationswithforeignorganizationsandindividuals涉外饭店→hotelsdesignatedforaccommodatingforeigners涉外经济合同→aneconomiccontractinvolvingaforeignpartner/party33、“根据”根据本条例→inaccordance/accordwiththespiritofthisregulations根据合同使用劳动力→uselaboronacontractbasis根据具体情况→inthelightofthecircumstancesHightideagainstCCPbloodyanTomb,CommunistPartymembersandpartoftheexposedTombareavacatedbyprogressiveyouth.IvisitedinBeijingin1985whenitwasoldundergroundcomrade,sisterofYaoZhiyingYaoMuzheng(thenDeputyDirectoroftheexternaltrademagazineforthepromotionofinternationaltrade,deshengmenWai,theReed 根据先例→basedonprecedents根据重量→byweight根据现行中国法律→undertheexistingChineselaw毫无根据→beutterlygroundless她的怀疑是有充分根据的→ThereisgreatcauseforhersuspicionAsurgeofadrenalin,arushofblood,athingofinnocenceandpainthatlastsalifetimeIREMEMBERthewaythelighttouchedherhair.Sheturnedherhead,andoureyesmet,amomentaryawarenessinthatraucousfifth-gradeclassroom.IfeltasthoughI’dbeenstruckablowundertheheart.Thusbeganmyfirstloveaffair.HernamewasRachel,andImoonedmywaythroughgradeandhighschool,strickenatthemeresightofher,tongue-tiedinherpresence.Doesanyone,anymore,lingerintheshadowsofevening,drawnbythepalelightofawindow-herwindow-likesomehaplesssummerinsect?Thatdeliriousswooning,asexualbuturgentandobsessive,thatmademeawkwardandmyvoicecrack,islikesomeimpossibledreamnow.IknowIwassoafflicted,butIcannotactuallybelievewhatmemoryinsistsIdid.Whichwastosuffer.Exquisitely.Iwouldcatchsightofher,walkingdownanaisleoftreestoorfromschool,andI’dbecomeparalyzed.Shealwaysseemedsopoised,soself-possessed.Athome,I’drelieveeachencounter,writhingatthethoughtofmyinadequacies.Evenso,asweenteredourteens,Isensedheraffectionatetoleranceforme.“Goingsteady”impliedamaturitywestilllacked.HerOrthodoxJewishupbringingandmyownCatholicscruplesimposedacelibategracethatmadeevenkissingadistantprospect,howeverferventlydesired.Imanagedtoholdheronceatadance-chaperoned,ofcourse.Ourembracemadehergiggle,asoundsotrustingthatIhatedmyselfforwhatI’dbeenthinking.更多信息请访问:http://www.24en.com/Atanyrate,myloveforRachelremainedunrequited.Wegraduatedfromhighschool,shewentontocollege,andIjoinedtheArmy.WhenWorldWarIIengulfedus,Iwassentoverseas.Foratimewecorresponded,andherletterswerethehighlightofthosegrinding,endlessyears.Onceshesentmeasnapshotofherselfinabathingsuit,whichdrovemetothewildestoffantasies.Imentionedthepossibilityofmarriageinmynextletter,andalmostimmediatelyherrepliesbecamelessfrequent,lesspersonal.HightideagainstCCPbloodyanTomb,CommunistPartymembersandpartoftheexposedTombareavacatedbyprogressiveyouth.IvisitedinBeijingin1985whenitwasoldundergroundcomrade,sisterofYaoZhiyingYaoMuzheng(thenDeputyDirectoroftheexternaltrademagazineforthepromotionofinternationaltrade,deshengmenWai,theReed ThefirstthingIdidwhenIreturnedtotheStateswastocallonRachel.Hermotheransweredthedoor.Rachelnolongerlivedthere.Shehadmarriedamedicalstudentshe’dmetincollege.“Ithoughtshewroteyou,”hermothersaid.Her“DearJohn”letterfinallycaughtupwithmewhileIwasawaitingdischarge.Shegentlyexplainedtheimpossibilityofamarriagebetweenus.Lookingbackonit,Imusthaverecoveredratherquickly,althoughforthefirstfewmonthsIbelievedIdidn’twanttolive.LikeRachel,Ifoundsomeoneelse,whomIlearnedtolovewithadeepandpermanentcommitmentthathaslastedtothisday.Thenrecently,afteranintervalofmorethan40years,IheardfromRachelagain.Herhusbandhaddied.Shewaspassingthroughtownandhadlearnedofmywhereaboutsthroughamutualfriend.Weagreedtomeet.Ifeltbothcuriousandexcited.Inthelastfewyears,Ihadn’tthoughtabouther,andhersuddencallonemorninghadtakenmeaback.Theactualsightofherwasashock.Thiswhite-hairedmatronattherestauranttablewastheRachelofmydreamsanddesires,thesupplemermaidofthatsnapshot?Yettimehadgivenusacommonreferenceandrespect.Wetalkedasoldfriends,andquicklydiscoveredwewerebothgrandparents.“Doyourememberthis?”Shehandedmeaslipofwornpaper.ItwasapoemI’dwrittenherwhilestillinschool.Iexaminedthecrudemeterandpallidrhymes.Watchingmyface,shesnatchedthepoemfrommeandreturnedittoherpurse,asthoughfearfulIwasgoingtodestroyit.Itoldheraboutthesnapshot,howI’dcarrieditallthroughthewar.“Itwouldn’thaveworkedout,youknow,”shesaid.“Howcanyoubesure?”Icountered.“Ah,Colleen,itmighthavebeengrandindeed-myIrishconscienceandyourJewishguilt!”Ourlaughterstartledpeopleatanearbytable.Duringthetimelefttous,outglanceswerefurtive,oblique.Ithinkthatwhatwesawineachotherrepudiatedwhatwe’doncebeentoourselves,weimmortals.BeforeIputherintoataxi,sheturnedtome.“Ijustwantedtoseeyouoncemore.Totellyousomething.”Hereyesmetmine.“Iwantedtothankyouforhavinglovedmeasyoudid.”Wekissed,andsheleft.HightideagainstCCPbloodyanTomb,CommunistPartymembersandpartoftheexposedTombareavacatedbyprogressiveyouth.IvisitedinBeijingin1985whenitwasoldundergroundcomrade,sisterofYaoZhiyingYaoMuzheng(thenDeputyDirectoroftheexternaltrademagazineforthepromotionofinternationaltrade,deshengmenWai,theReed Fromastorewindowmyreflectionstaredbackatme,anagingmanwithgrayhairstirredbyaneveningbreeze.Idecidedtowalkhome.Herkissstillburnedonmylips.Ifeltfaint,andsatonaparkbench.Allaroundmethegrassandtreeswereshininginthesurrealglowofsunset.Somethingwasbeingliftedoutofme.Somethinghadbeencompleted,andthescenebeforemewassobeautifulthatIwantedtoshoutanddanceandsingforjoy.Thatsoonpassed,aseverythingmust,andpresentlyIwasabletostandandstartforhome.【中文译文】:  初恋  初恋是情感巨浪的汹涌,初恋是情感在热血中的奔流,初恋是情感纯真的表露,初恋是一生中永恒的伤痛。我还能回想起在喧哗五年级教室的那一刻,柔和的灯光倾泻在她的秀发上,她转过脸来,我们四目相对,久久地凝视着。刹那间,我的心灵深处仿佛遭受重击。这就是我初恋时的感觉。她的名字叫雷切尔,正是这个名字使我虚度了整个中学时光。只要一看到她的身影我就会心慌意乱,在她面前说话也变的结结巴巴。直到现在我还在想,是否还有人在月光下独自徘徊在她的窗前,在透过窗户的昏暗灯光下拉长了影子,就象夏夜里的飞虫一样孤独无助呢?我对她无任何生理上的渴求但却痴狂,着迷地爱着她,那种极度兴奋的情绪使我简直都要神魂颠倒了。我越来越变得行为拙笨,声音发哑,现在想来就象是一场不可思议的梦幻一样。这种情感长期焦灼着我,我简直难以相信记忆怎么会如此长久地痛苦而又美丽地折磨着我。太美妙了!当我沿着教堂甬道散步或从学校走出来的时候都希望能看到她的身影,我痴迷的已经到了难以自拔的境地。而她看上去总是那样神情自若而又怡然。回到家里,我总是用爱她是不应该的这种理由来安慰自己以减轻痛苦。甚至,当我们都进入青年时代,我还能隐隐地感到她的柔情仍痛苦地煎熬着我。“成为关系确定的伴侣”,这意味着我们还缺乏成年人的那种沉稳心态。她是在信奉东正教的犹太人家中长大的,而我家则信奉天主教,这就更使我憧憬美好而又遥远的未来。不管怎样我是那样狂热地渴望着。记得在一次舞会上,我以护花使者的身份试着去拥抱她,我们的拥抱是她幸福的笑出了声,这笑声消除了我所有的疑虑。而我也对自己以前的犹豫不决的想法懊悔不已。HightideagainstCCPbloodyanTomb,CommunistPartymembersandpartoftheexposedTombareavacatedbyprogressiveyouth.IvisitedinBeijingin1985whenitwasoldundergroundcomrade,sisterofYaoZhiyingYaoMuzheng(thenDeputyDirectoroftheexternaltrademagazineforthepromotionofinternationaltrade,deshengmenWai,theReed 无论如何我都没想到我对雷切尔的爱毫无结果。我们中学毕业后,她上了大学,我却应征入伍。当二战席卷而来的时候,我被派遣到国外。在开始的一段时间里,我们彼此鸿雁传情,她的信件成了我那段艰苦而又漫长岁月中生命里最精彩的部分。曾有一次,她给我寄去了一张身着泳装的照片,使得我对她的爱痴狂得简直想入非非了。在接下来的信件中我提出了结婚的请求,但是她的回信却渐渐稀少且缺乏激情。我回国后第一件事就是要见见我的雷切尔。她母亲打开房门告诉我雷切尔早已不在这住了。她与大学里的一位学医的同学结婚了。她母亲说“我想,我女儿写信告诉你了吧。”在我退役前我接到了她的那封“绝交信”。信中她娓娓道来我们之间不能结合的原因。回首往事,我又很快找到了当时的感觉。虽然在最初的几个月里我简直不想活在这个世上了。但在以后的生活里,我也象雷切尔那样找到了自己的人生伴侣,我们彼此永久又深深地爱着,同甘共苦直到今天。直到现在,在中断40多年之后,我又收到了她的来信。信中说她的丈夫已经去世。她是在路过我居住的这个小镇时,从昔日的一位共同好友那里得知我的下落的。我们都同意再见一面。当时的感觉真是又好奇又激动。因为在过去的岁月里我没有想起过她,只是一日清晨,她的一个电话又把我带回尘封的往事。餐桌面前的她令我非常吃惊,驻足在我面前的是一位白发苍苍的家庭主妇。难道这就是我日思夜想,梦寐以求的雷切尔吗?难道这就是相片上身着泳装,令人赏心悦目的美人鱼吗?时间的流逝使我们共同回首往事,探求往日的生活。我们就象老朋友那样愉快地交谈着。很快我们就发现彼此都是做爷爷奶奶的人了。“你还记得这个吗?”她递给我一张发黄的纸条,上面是我中学时代为雷切尔做的一首诗,我又重新浏览了那拙劣的韵律和呆板的韵脚。她望着我,又把纸条抽回放到皮包里。好像怕我把它撕掉了一样。我也告诉她我对那张美人鱼似的照片的感受以及整个战争我是如何把它带在身边的。“你知道的,那又有什么用呢?”她说。“你怎么知道呢?”我反驳道。“啊,柯林,那也许是我一生中的伟大壮举。因为我有爱尔兰人的良知,我不想让你有做犹太人的那种罪恶感的。”我们的笑声惊动了邻桌的人,接下来我们的目光躲躲闪闪,游离不定。我们以前拥有的彼此凝视的时刻的那种感觉已经消失了,那一刻成了永恒的风景了。当我把她送入出租车之前,她转过身来,“我想再看你一眼,告诉你一件事。”我们又一次凝视。“谢谢你曾经如此真挚地爱过我。”我们互相吻着,之后,她便消失在我的视野里了。HightideagainstCCPbloodyanTomb,CommunistPartymembersandpartoftheexposedTombareavacatedbyprogressiveyouth.IvisitedinBeijingin1985whenitwasoldundergroundcomrade,sisterofYaoZhiyingYaoMuzheng(thenDeputyDirectoroftheexternaltrademagazineforthepromotionofinternationaltrade,deshengmenWai,theReed 从商店橱窗的影像里,我看到了自己——一位老者,晚风习习吹拂着他的白发。我决定步行回家。我仍然感到她的吻灼烧着我的唇。我感到身体异常虚弱,便独自坐在公园的长椅上。身边的草木在落日的余晖中泛着绿意。虽然一切都已经过去了,但却有一种无形的力量在鼓舞着我,眼前的景色是那样的美丽以至于兴奋得我想高歌,大喊,狂舞。万事都有终结,很快这种感觉就过去了。现在,我可以站起身来动身回家了。转贴于:24EN.COMHightideagainstCCPbloodyanTomb,CommunistPartymembersandpartoftheexposedTombareavacatedbyprogressiveyouth.IvisitedinBeijingin1985whenitwasoldundergroundcomrade,sisterofYaoZhiyingYaoMuzheng(thenDeputyDirectoroftheexternaltrademagazineforthepromotionofinternationaltrade,deshengmenWai,theReed