精编小学英语语法复习要点 5页

www.xkb1.com新课标第一网不用注册，免费下载！小学英语语法要点一、名词可数名词有单复数形式，其单数形式与不定冠词a(n)连用。可数名词复数规则：1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2．以s.x.sh.ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：knife-knives5．不规则名词复数：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,sheep-sheep,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese不可数名词：表示不能个别存在的事物，如液体类，气体类的物质；少数固体类的物质（grass草，ice冰），抽象的名词（help帮助，music音乐）。不可数名词没有复数（如somewater）,不能与不定冠词连用。写出下列各词的复数diary____________day_____________dress_______________glass__________peach___________juice________________water____________rice______________tea______________man____________woman____________banana___________bus___________child____________foot_____________sheep____________leaf(树叶)________dish____________knife_____________pen____________boy__________baby___________map_____________city____________box__________book___________class____________eye____________office________car____________fox(狐狸)___________watch____________library________pear___________skirt____________shelf_____________tomato_________tooth____________Englishman________paper__________milk___________family__________mouse__________people(人们)__________fish_________brush________Japanese____________policeman____________watermelon______________Chinese____________strawberry_________match____二、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。　　2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。　　3.表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成：1.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。注意：（我用am，你用are，三单is，复数2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。注意：（当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Marylikes5新课标第一网系列资料www.xkb1.com www.xkb1.com新课标第一网不用注册，免费下载！Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。）1，一般疑问句：一般以is,are,am,can,do,did,does……开头的。回答用YES/NO.特殊疑问句：what,who,why,whose,which,where,when,how,howmany,how,much开头的，需要具体回答。行为动词的变化。肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它)。否定句：主语+don"t(doesn"t)+动词原形(+其它)。一般疑问句：Do(DoesDid)+主语+动词原形+其它。（句首加助动词do,doesdid）动词+s的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks2．以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：study-studies一般现在时用法专练:用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.2.DavidandTom_______(be)inClassOne.3.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Mike_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5.______they________(like)theWorldCup?6.What_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays?7._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.11.Mike_______(like)cooking.12.They_______(have)thesamehobby.13.Myaunt_______(look)afterherbabycarefully.14.Youalways_______(do)yourhomeworkwell.15.I_______(be)ill.I"mstayinginbed.16.She_______(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE.18.Thechildoften_______(watch)TVintheevening.19.SuHaiandSuYang_______(have)eightlessonsthisterm.20.－Whatday_______(be)ittoday?－It’sSaturday.改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?__________________2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?__________________3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass.__________________4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.__________________5.Shedon"tdoherhomeworkonSundays._________________www.xkb1.com三、现在进行时5新课标第一网系列资料www.xkb1.com www.xkb1.com新课标第一网不用注册，免费下载！1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。（句中一般含有now,look,listen.）2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.如：Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。如：Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.Tomisnotreadingbooksinhisstudy.4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。如：Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.IsTomreadingbooksinhisstudy？www.xkb1.com动词加ing的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3．如果末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running,stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_____________run______________swim_____________make______________go______________like____________write______________ski_____________read_____________have____________sing_____________dance___________put______________see____________buy_____________love____________live___________take______________come_____________get_____________stop____________sit_____________begin____________shop___________二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.Theboy__________________(draw)apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls_______________(sing)intheclassroom.3.Mymother_________________(cook)somenicefoodnow.4.What_____you______(do)now?5.Look.They_______________(have)anEnglishlesson.6.They____________(not,water)theflowersnow.7.Look!thegirls________________(dance)intheclassroom.8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She_________(listen)tomusic.9.It"s5o"clocknow.We_____________(have)suppernow10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.四、将来时理论及练习一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。二、基本结构：①begoingto+do；如：Iamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow.②will+do.如：Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.5新课标第一网系列资料www.xkb1.com www.xkb1.com新课标第一网不用注册，免费下载！三、否定句：在be动词（am,is,are）后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。如：Iamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow.→Iamnotgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow.Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.→Iwillnotgoswimmingtomorrow.四、一般疑问句：be动词或will提到句首，some改为any,and改为or，第一二人称互换。如：Iamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow.→Areyougoingtogoswimmingtomorrow?Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.→Willyougoswimmingtomorrow?用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Todayisasunnyday.We_________________________(have)apicnicthisafternoon.2.Mybrother______________________(go)toShanghainextweek.3.It"sFridaytoday.What_____she____________________(do)thisweekend?She_____________(watch)TVand(catch)insects.4.Mary__________________________(visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.5.David__________________________(give)apuppetshownextMonday.五、一般过去时1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。（LastSunday,lastweekend,yesterday……）2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：⑴am和is在一般过去时中变为was。（wasnot=wasn"t）⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（werenot=weren"t）动词过去式变化规则：1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3．末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5．不规则动词过去式：am/is—wasare-werego–wentswim-swamfly-flewdo-didhave-hadsay-saidsee-sawtake-tookcome-cameget-gotdrow-dreweat-ateread-readsing-sangleave-leftget-got……5新课标第一网系列资料www.xkb1.comwww.xkb1.com新课标第一网不用注册，免费下载！写出下列动词的过去式isam_____________fly____________plant____________are____________drink_____________play___________go______________make________does_____________dance__________worry___________ask___________taste_____________eat____________draw____________put____________throw____________kick___________pass____________do__________过去时综合练习（1）1.It______(be)Ben"sbirthdaylastFriday.2.Weall______(have)agoodtimelastnight.3.He________(jump)highonlastSportsDay.4.Helen________(milk)acowonFriday.5.Shelikes______newspapers,butshe______abookyesterday.(read)5新课标第一网系列资料www.xkb1.com www.xkb1.com新课标第一网不用注册，免费下载！67.Jim"smother_________(plant)treesjustnow.8._______they________(sweep)theflooronSunday?No,they_____.9.I_______(watch)acartoononMonday.10.We___________(go)toschoolonSunday.1.It_____(be)the2ndofNovemberyesterday.MrWhite________(go)tohisofficebycar.2.GaoShan________(put)thebookonhisheadamomentago.3.Don"t______thehouse.Mum_______ityesterday.(clean)4.What____you______justnow?I_______somehousework.(do)5.They_________(make)akiteaweekago.6.Iwantto______apples.Butmydad_______allofthemlastmonth.(pick)7._______he______theflowersthismorning?Yes,he_____.(water)8.She____(be)aprettygirl.Look,she_____(do)Chinesedances.9.Thestudentsoften_________(draw)somepicturesintheartroom.10.What______Mikedoonthefarm?He________cows.(milk)六、形容词加er的规则：⑴一般在词尾加er；⑵以字母e结尾，加r；⑶以辅音字母加一个元音字母，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er；⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er。3．不规则形容词比较级：good-better根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1.Mybrotheristwoyears__________(old)thanme.2.Tomisas________(fat)asJim.3.Isyoursister__________(young)thanyou?Yes,sheis.4.Whois___________(thin),youorHelen?Helenis.5.Whosepencil-boxis__________(big),yoursorhers?Hersis.6.Mary"shairisas__________(long)asLucy"s.7.Ben______(jump)________(high)thansomeoftheboysinhisclass.8.________Nancysing__________(well)thanHelen?Yes,she_____.9.Fangfangisnotas_________(tall)astheothergirls.10.Myeyesare__________(big)than________(she)..11.Whichis___________(heavy),theelephantorthepig?12.Whogetsup_________(early),TimorTom?13._____thegirlsgetup_______(early)thantheboys?No,they______.14.Jimruns_____(slow).ButBenruns_____(slow).15.Thechilddoesn"t______(write)as____(fast)asthestudents.5新课标第一网系列资料www.xkb1.com