高中英语语法倒装句讲解及练习(附答案) 3页

高中英语·语法专项——倒装句高中英语倒装句倒装句分为全部倒装和部分倒装1全部倒装全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：　1）here,there,now,then,thus等副词置于句首,谓语动词常用be,come,go,lie,run等表示来去或状态的动词。例如：　　Thencamethechairman.那时总裁来了。Hereisyourletter.你的信。2).up，down，out，away，in,off,ahead放于句首Upjumpedthecatandcaughtthemouse.Aheadsatanoldwoman.3）表示地点，时间，方向等的介词短语放在句首时例如：Aftertheheadwalkedagroupofworkers.4.“作表语的现在分词/过去分词/形容词+系动词+主语”形式的完全倒装Seatedinthefrontweretheguests.注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。例如：Herehecomes.他来了。　　　　Awaytheywent.他们走开了。2部分倒装部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do,does或did，并将其置于主语之前。　1.句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,rarely,scarely,innoway,undernocircumstance,atnotime决不,notuntil…等。例如：　NeverhaveIseensuchaperformance.从未见过如此糟糕的表演。　Nowherewillyoufindtheanswertothisquestion.无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.母亲一直到孩子入睡后离开房间。　当Notuntil引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。注意：如否定词不在句首不倒装。例如：　　　　Themotherdidn"tleavetheroomuntilthechildfellasleep.典型例题　　1）---Whycan"tIsmokehere?----Atnotime___inthemeeting-roomA.issmokingpermitted　　B.　smokingispermittedC.smokingisitpermitted　D.　doessmokingpermit2）Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury___whatheatis.A.mandidknow　B.manknow　C.didn"tmanknow　D.didmanknow2.Notonly…butalso前面倒装，后面不倒装Notonlydidherefusethegift,healsoseverelycriticizedthesender.他没有收下礼物，还狠狠批评了送礼的人。3．Hardly/Scarcely…when,Nosooner…than等，要倒装。Hardlyhadshegoneoutwhenastudentcametovisither.Nosoonerhadshegoneoutthanastudentcametovisither.典型例题Nosooner___thanitbegantorainheavily.A.thegamebegan　B.　hasthegamebegunC.didthegamebeginD.hadthegamebegun4so,neither,nor作部分倒装so/neither/nor+be/can(should/will/could…..)/do(did/does)+sb表示"也"、"也不"的句子要部分倒装。例如：　　　　典型例题---DoyouknowJimquarrelledwithhisbrother?---Idon"tknow,_____.A.nordon"tIcare　　B.nordoIcare　　C.Idon"tcareneither　　D.Idon"tcarealso注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为"的确如此"。例如：TomaskedmetogotoplayfootballandsoIdid.---It"sraininghard.---Soitis.5only在句首后接状语用总分倒装。例如：OnlyinthiswaycanyoulearnEnglishwell.只有这样，你才能学好英语。如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。例如：　Onlywhenheisseriouslyilldoesheeverstayinbed.病得狠重时，他才卧床休息。3 高中英语·语法专项——倒装句注意：如果only后的词组不是状语，不需倒装。e.g.OnlyWangLiliknowsthis.onlyOnlyafewyoungmenwenttothetheatre.（修饰主语时则不用倒装）Ex：1)Onlyinthisway___makeprogressinyourEnglish.A.you　B.canyou　C.youbeableto　D.willyouableto2)Onlywhenthemeetingwasover___gobacktomeethisfriend.A.hecould　B.hewasableto　C.washeableto　D.wasabletohe3)Onlyafterliberation___tobetreatedashumanbeings.A.didtheybeginB.theyhadbegunC.theydidbeginD.hadtheybegun6as,though引导的倒装句as/though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前（形容词,副词,分词,实义动词提前）。但需注意：1）句首名词不能带任何冠词。Childasheis，heseemstoknoweverything.（child前不加冠词注意：让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是though和yet可连用。7.so…that句型中的so位于句首时，需倒装。例如：Sofrightenedwashethathedidnotdaretomoveaninch.他害怕得很，动也不敢动。Lighttravelssofastthatitisdifficultforustoimagineitsspeed.=Sofastdoeslighttravelthatitisdifficultforustoimagineitsspeed.8.So+形容词、副词及such置于句首时要倒装。Sohappydidhefeel.Suchwasme.9.在某些表示祝愿的句型中。例如：　Mayyouallbehappy.愿你们都快乐。10.在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were,had,should等词，可将if省略，把were,had,should移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。例如：WereIyou,Iwouldtryitagain.我是你的话，就再试一次。11."分词(代词)+be+主语"结构。如:　Walkingattheheadofthelinewasourteacher.Suchwasthestoryhetoldme.done做形容词在句中做表语时，常把表语放在句首，要用倒装句式。GoneforeverarethedayswhentheChinesepeoplehadtouseforeignoil.12.为了保持句子的平蘅或为了强调表语和状语，或使上下文紧密衔接，把它们放在句首用倒装句。该结构不需加助动词。Eastofthetownliesabeautifullake.InalecturehallofauniversityinEnglandsitsaprofessor.Outsidethedoctor’sclinicweretwentypatients.倒装句练习：1._______andcaughtthemouse.A.UpthecatjumpedB.ThecatupjumpedC.UpjumpedthecatD.Jumpedupthecat2.______andthelessonbegan.A.IncameMrBrownB.MrBrownincameC.IncameheD.cameinMrBrown3.Over_______,dead.A.rollingthegoatB.rolledthegoatC.didthegoatrollD.thegoatrolled4.—Whereismyshirt,mum?—_________.A.ThereisitB.ThereitisC.ThereisD.Hereisit5.—Whereisyourfather?—Oh,________.A.herehecomesB.heherecomesC.heredoeshecomeD.herecomeshe6.Thedooropenedandthere________.A.entersanoldmanB.enteredanoldmanC.didanoldmanenterD.anoldmanentered7.Now______yourturntorecitethetext.A.willcomeB.comesC.hascomeD.thereis8.Often_____themnottosmokehere.A.weadvisedB.advisedmeC.didweadviseD.hadweadvised9.________playingsoldiers.A.InsidetheroomweretwoboysB.InsidetheroomtwoboysC.WeretwoboysinsidetheroomD.Insidetheroomwastwoboys3 高中英语·语法专项——倒装句10.Onthewall_______twolargeportraits.A.arehangingB.HangedC.hangD.hangs11._______whowaswoundedinthestomach.A.AmongthemwereasoldierB.AmongthemwasasoldierC.AmongthemasoldierwasD.Amongtheywasasoldier12.Nextdoortoours________,whoisnolessthaneighty.A.thatlivesanoldmanB.doesanoldmanliveC.livesanoldmanD.wherelivesanoldman13.Sheplaysthepianoverywell,______.A.soeveryoneofusdoesB.everyoneofusdoesC.sodoeseveryoneofusD.sodoeveryoneofus14.Yousayheworkshard,______,and_____.A.sohedoes;soyoudoB.sohedoes;sodoyouC.sodoeshe;sodoyouD.sodoeshe;soyoudo15.—Ithoughtyouwomenwerepresentatthemeeting.—__________.A.SowewereB.SowedidC.SowereweD.Sodidwe16.Idon’tthinkJackwillcometoday,_____.A.norwillMaryB.andMarydoesn’tC.MarywilleitherD.orMarydoes17.Sheisfondofcooking,_____I.A.soamB.noramC.neitherdoD.nordo18.MarxwasborninGermanyandGermanwashisnativelanguage.A.SoitwaswithEnglesB.SowasitwithEnglesC.SowasEnglesD.SodidEngles19.Afishneedswaterandwithoutwateritwilldie._______.A.SodoesamanB.SowillamanC.SoitiswithamanD.Soisitwithaman20.Soabsorbed_______theworkthatsheoftenforgotto_____hermeals.A.hadshebeenin;doB.shewasin;makeC.wasshein;takeD.shehadbeenin;have21.Soloudly______thateveryoneoftheclasscouldhearhim.A.didhespeakB.didhespokeC.spokeheD.hespoke22.__________hisapperancethatnoonecouldrecognizehim.A.StrangesowasB.SostrangewasC.WassostrangeD.Sowasstrange23.Notonce______theirplan.A.didtheychangeB.theychangedC.changedtheyD.theydidchange24.Never______suchawonderfulplaceasHangzhou.A.areseeingB.hadIseenC.IhaveseenD.haveIseen25.Seldom______TVduringtheday.A.theywatchB.aretheywatchingC.havetheywatchedD.dotheywatch26.Nowhere______asinmygarden.A.theflowersweresobeautifulB.weretheflowerssobeautifulC.sobeautifulweretheflowersD.sobeautifultheflowerswere27.Hardly________hishomeworkwhenhewentout.A.finishedheB.hehadfinishedC.didhefinishD.hadhefinished28.Scarcely_____finishedtheirhomework______Icameintotheclassroom.A.hadthey;thanB.theyhad;whenC.hadthey;whenD.didthey;when29.Notonly_______apromise,butalsohekeptit.A.hashemadeB.doeshemakeC.hemadeD.didhemake30.Notuntilhiscomradescriticizedhim_______toadmithismistake.A.hadhebegunB.beganheC.didhebeginD.doeshebegin3