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句子结构---英语的五种基本句型
为什么要学习英语的句子结构?—学好句子结构是学好英语的前提帮助我们学好其他英语语法知识。帮助我们写出正确的英语句子,形成并提高英语书面表达的能力。帮助我们正确使用英语单词,提高单词拼写及选词填空等用词能力。有助于我们提高阅读能力和其他英语应用能力。
英语的五种基本句型1、主语———系动词———表语2、主语———谓语3、主语———谓语———宾语4、主语———谓语———宾语———宾语5、主语———谓语———宾语———补语■定语和状语是句子中的修饰成份,不列入基本句型中
1、主语———系动词———表语egMr.BrownisanEnglishteacher.︳︳︳主语系动词表语︳1).be动词解释说明主语的性2).感官动词:质或特征等look,sound,feel,taste,smell等3).表”变化”的词:become,get,turn等,还有seem,keep,stay等。
1).Hisparentsareinthekitchennow.2).Youlookedhappyyesterday.3).Thissongdoesn’tsoundbeautiful.4).Didyourfathergetangry?主语系动词表语主语系动词表语表语主语系动词主语系动词表语
找出下列句子中的表语:Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.ABCD②Whyisheworried?AB③Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.ABCD④Theyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.ABCD⑤Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.ABCD
2、主语—谓语egYourfatherisstandingthere.主语谓语1)Histeachercameinwithabookinhishand.Thebusstartedandarrivedthereateighto’clock.
Flowerscomeoutinspring.Theplanehasalreadyleft.5)Isthebabydogsleeping?
3、主语———谓语———宾语egIknowthesepeople.主语谓语宾语①Mybrotherdidn’tdohishomework.主语谓语宾语②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.主语谓语宾语③Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?宾语主语谓语.
④Theydon"tknowwho"FatherChristmas"is.⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming.⑥Theoldmansaidhewasill.⑦Youwillfinditwhenyougethome.
4、主语———谓语———宾语———宾语egShegavemehertelephonenumber.主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语或:Shegavehertelephonenumbertome.主语谓语直接宾语间接宾语◆间接宾语放后面时要在其前加”to”或“for”。
◆可以跟“to+间接宾语”的动词有:give,show,pass,lend,take,tell等。1)Ishowedhimthephotoyesterday.主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语Ishowedthephototohimyesterday.主语谓语直接宾语间接宾语2)Hepassedusthepapers.=Hepassedthepaperstous.
◆可以跟“for+间接宾语”的动词有:buy,make,cook,get,sing,read等。Myparentsboughtmeanewbag.主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语=Myparentsboughtanewbagforme.主语谓语直接宾语间接宾语2)Shecookedusabigmeal.主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语=Shecookedabigmealforus.
1)Shehas taughtusEnglishfor 3 years.主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语2)His uncleleftsome moneytohim.主语谓语直接宾语间接宾语3)The fatheris showingthe boyhow toplant trees.主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语Wouldyoupleasetellmeyour address?主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语5)I’llmakesomecardsforthem.
5、主语—谓语—宾语—宾语补足语egTheycalledtheirdaughterAlice.主语谓语宾语宾补Hefoundhisnewjobboring主语谓语宾语宾补IsawherchattingwithNancy.主语谓语宾语宾补Iwantyoutohelpmewiththehousework.
在此句型中有时可以有“it”作形式宾语,把真正的宾语放到最后。此时作宾语的常是动词不定式“todo”,动词的“ing”形式或宾语从句,如:Istillfindithardtomakegoodfriendswithher.形式宾语真正宾语Wethoughtitnousedoingthat.3)Didn"tImakeitcleartoyouthatIwasnotcoming?
Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapers主语谓语宾语宾补andbooksinthereading-room.②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.主语谓语宾语宾补③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.主语谓语宾语宾补宾语④TheycallmeLilysometimes.⑤IsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.
1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary.2. The dinner smells good.3. He fell in love.4. Who knows the answer?5. She smiled her thanks.6. He has agreed to help them.
7. She cooked her husband a delicious meal.8. He brought a dictionaryforyou.9. They appointed him manager.10. He found it important to master English.11. The boy in the classroom sattherequietly.12. Learning new words is very useful .