初中英语语法-现在完成时讲解课件.pptx 40页

breadmakerscarfsoftsofttoycheckcheckoutboardboardgame面包机n.围巾；披巾；头巾adj.软的；柔软的软体玩具；布绒玩具v.&n.检查；审查察看；观察n.板；木板棋类游戏Words&expressions 写出下列动词的过去分词形式.wake______2.teach______3.sell________4.see________5.ride_______6.pay_____7.choose______8.throw_____9.think_______10.eat_____11.drive______12.catch______13.bring______14.break______15.give_______16.get_________17.know_______18.open_______19.write_______20.forget________wakensoldriddenchosenthoughtdrivenbroughtgivenknownwrittentaughtseenpaidthrowneatencaughtbrokengotopenedforgotten 1.进行庭院售卖2.不再……3.决定做某事4.察看；观察5.棋类游戏6.一个面包机7.收拾，整理；8带回9.至于；关于10.说实在的11.软体玩具12.放弃某些玩具Revisionhaveayardsalenot…anymore/longerdecidetodosthcheckoutboardgameabreadmakerclearoutbringbackasfor…tobehonestsofttoyspartwithcertaintoys 1cPracticetheconversation.Thenmakeconversationsaboutotherthingsinthepictureabove.A:Thisisareallyoldbook.B:Yes,I’vehaditforsevenyears.I’vereaditthreetimes.A:Whyareyousellingit?B:BecauseIdon’treaditanymore.A:Howmuchisit?B:Youcanhaveitfor75cents. StudentAisAmy’smom.StudentBisAmy.Makeconversation.(2c)A:Amy,canwegiveawaythesesofttoys?B:Mom,Iwanttokeepthebear.A:Why?It’ssoold.B:BecauseI’vehaditsinceIwasababy. 语法课堂 现在完成时主菜单上一页下一页现在完成时的构成现在完成时的主要用法现在完成时的时间状语及动词过去分词短暂性动词与时间段的关系与一般过去时的用法比较 大显身手12345678 现在完成时的构成主菜单上一页下一页主语+have(has）+过去分词 现在完成时的基本句型：肯定式：主语+助动词have/has+动词的过去分词.否定式:主语+助动词have/has+not+动词的过去分词.疑问式：助动词Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词?看看你的反应力 现在完成时的时间状语◆常与①already,②never,③ever,④just,⑤yet,⑥before,⑦uptonow,⑧sofar,⑨forthelast/pastfewweeks⑩thesedays,（11）once,twicethreetimes(12)since+时间点(13)for+时间段上一页下一页主菜单 现在完成时的主要用法上一页下一页--It’ssodark.--Someonehasturnedoffthelight.对现在造成的结果是:现在很黑)--Areyoufree?--Ihavefinishedmyhomework.Iamfree.对现在造成的结果是很有空)主菜单用法1.表示发生在过去的动作对现在造成的结果或影响。 现在完成时的主要用法用法2.动作发生在过去，并且一直延续到现在，甚至还可能继续延续下去。.Ihavelivedherefor3years.I’vehadthisbikeforthreeyears 不规则动词原型-过去式-过去分词形式：1）AAA型(三种都一样)如：costcostcostcutcutcuthurthurthurtshutshutshutsetsetset2）ABB型(过去式与过去分词相同)如:bring-brought-broughtcatchcaughtcaughtleadledled 3）ABC型(三种都不一样)如：begin-began-begungrowgrewgrownringrangrungbreakbrokebroken4）ABA型(原形与过去分词相同)如:come-came-comebecomebecamebecomerunranrun 写出下列动词的过去分词形式.wake______2.teach______3.sell________4.see________5.ride_______6.pay_____7.choose______8.throw_____9.think_______10.eat_____11.drive______12.catch______13.bring______14.break______15.give_______16.get_________17.know_______18.open_______19.write_______20.forget________wakensoldriddenchosenthoughtdrivenbroughtgivenknownwrittentaughtseenpaidthrowneatencaughtbrokengotopenedforgotten 现在完成时标志词1．在表示“用法2”时，现在完成时常与since+过去的时间点，for+一段时间，等时间状语连用。 2.since+从句(一般过去时)时间点Eg.Ihavebeenheresince2003.Ihavebeenheresince14yearsago.IhavebeenheresinceIgraduatedin2003.自从2003年我一直在这里。(过去某一时间的)时间段+agoTakenotes 注1):since也可单独使用,表示“自那时起”;另外since前也可加上ever,以加强语气.Eg.Ihavebeenhere(ever)since.Ihavebeenhere(ever)sinceIgraduatedin2000. 注2):对since或for引导的时间状语提问用howlong,.Eg.Ihavelivedherefor10years.Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?Shehasstoodheresince2hourago.Howlonghasshestoodhere? 1.for+Eg.He’sstudiedEnglishfor3years.一段时间他学习英语三年了。 ※短暂性动词与延续动词间的转换 短暂性动词与时间段的关系●短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用，这些动词是：①become,②begin,③buy,④borrow,⑤come(go,arrive),⑥die,⑦finish,⑧join,⑨leave,等。上一页下一页●为了表述这种意思,我们常用相应的延续性动词来代替短暂性动词。主菜单 leave--come/go(to)--arrive(at/in)--get(to)--reach--buy--borrow--finish--join--start/begin--die--close--open--return--marry--become--beaway(from)be(in/at)be(in/at)be(in/at)be(in/at)havekeepbeoverbein/bea/an…beonbedeadbeclosedbeopenbebackbemarriedbe 翻译练习：1.我买了这块手表五年了。2.这位老人已经死了十年了。Ihaveboughtthiswatchforfiveyears.Ihavehadthiswatchforfiveyears/since5yearsago.Theoldmanhasdiedfortenyears.Theoldmanhasbeendeadfortenyears/since10yearsago.WT下一页上一页主菜单 3.他已经回来三天了。4.自从六点钟他就来这儿了。5.我离开家乡已十年了。Hehascomebackfor3days.Hehasbeenbackfor3days/since3daysago.Hehascomeheresince6o’clock.Hehasbeenheresince6o’clock.Ihavelefthometownfor10years.Ihavebeenawayfromhometownfor10years.TTT下一页上一页主菜单 与一般过去时的用法比较一.现在完成时和一般过去时都是说过去的事情，但现在完成时注意的不是事情本身，而是强调事情与现在保持的某种密切联系（如现在的结果，影响,一直延续到现在等）;而一般过去时，则只讲述发生在过去的动作和事情与现在没有关系。上一页下一页主菜单 eg：HehasboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.他已经买了一本英汉字典。HeboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.他曾买过一本英汉字典。上一页下一页第一句用现在完成时时态，想表达意为：“HeboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.Andhestillhasit”“过去他买了一本英汉字典，现在他还有这本字典”。第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字典这一事实，至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强调说明。主菜单 三．常与一般过去时连用的典型的表示过去时间的状语:上一页下一页yesterday(昨天),thedaybeforeyesterday(前天),justnow(刚才)，时间+ago,last+时间等;eg:Theplanetookofftenminutesago.Wefinishedourtasklastweek.主菜单 上一页现在完成时练习主菜单 动词填空：1._____you________(clean)theroom?Yes,we__________(do)thatalready.When_______you______(do)it?We_______(do)itanhourago.2.______he______(see)thisfilmyet?Yes.When_____he_____(see)it?He______itlastweek.3.Howmanytimes_____you______(be)there?HavecleanedhavedonediddodidHasseendidseesawhavebeen下一页上一页主菜单 4.I__________(read)thenoveltwice.It’sinteresting.5.She_________(go)toPairs,hasn’tshe?Yes.How______she_______(go)there?She_______(go)therebyair.6.Sofar,manycountries_______________(develop)theirsoftwareprograms.7.MrChen______(give)upsmokinglastyear.8.MrChen__________(give)upsmokingsincelastyear.havereadhasgonedidgowenthavedevelopedgavehasgiven下一页上一页主菜单 选用for和since填空:1.Wehaven’tseeneachother______alongtime.2.HisfatherhasbeenintheParty______10yearsago.3.Thefilmhasbeenon______20minutes.4.MrGreenhasworkedhere______hecametoChina.5.Hisgrandparentshavebeendead______severalyears.6.It’sfiveyears_______wemetlasttime.forsinceforsinceforsince下一页上一页主菜单 用Havebeento,havegoneto,havebeenin填空Mikeandhisparents__________thenorthforhalfayear.Mumisnotathomenow.she_________theshop.______youever_____tokunming?Never.Where_____you______thesedays?HasJimarrivedyet?Yes,he_______hereforseveraldays.WhereisPeter?Idon’tknowwherehe________.HiJim!Where_____you_____?LiLeiislookingforyou.havebeeninhasgonetohavebeenHavebeenhasbeenhasgonehavebeen下一页上一页主菜单 改错1.HowlonghaveyoubeguntostudyEnglish?2.Ihaveborrowedthisbookfortwoweeks.3.TheriverhasbecomeverydirtysincelastAugust.4.Ourmanagerisawaytoday.HehasbeentoGuangzhouonbusiness.5.Hehasgoneoutfortwoyears.studiedkeptbeengonebeen下一页上一页主菜单 Thehouseisdirty.We_______itforweeks.Adidn’tcleanBhadn’tcleanedCdon’tcleanDhaven’tcleaned2.---____thesportsmeetingmightbeputoff.---Yes,italldependsontheweather.AI’vebeentoldBI’vetoldCI’mtoldDItold3.----I’msorrytokeepyouwaiting.----Oh,notatall.I_____hereonlyafewminutes.AhavebeenBhadbeenCwasDwillbe4.Youdon’tneedtodescribeher.I_______herseveraltimes.A.hadmetBhavemetCmetDmeet5.-----WillyougotoBeijingforvacation?-----I_______togo,butIdon’tknowifIcango.AwasplanningBhaveplannedChadbeenplanningDhavebeenplanning 6.--Whenwilltheyleave?---They______verysoon.AdoleaveBareleavingChaveleftDleave7--Washestudyingforanexam?--Yes,he"s____itlastweek.AdoingBtotakeCmakingDtogive8.Theteachertoldthepupilsthattheearth____round.AisBwouldCwasDwere9.She_______suchaninterestingbookbefore.AwasneverreadingBwillneverreadChadneverreadDhasneverread10.Howlongdoyouthinkthemeeting______AislastingBislastedCwilllastDlasts 、翻译下列句子：1.你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？2.我刚刚丢了我的语文书。3.我以前从来没去过那个公园。4.他已经吃过午饭了。5.你已经看过这部电影了吗？6.我哥哥还没回来。7.我自从上星期看过这部电影。8.自从1992年他住在这里。9.这本字典我已买了三年了。10.他离开中国三年了1.Haveyoueattenfishandfrenchfrise?2.IhavelostmyChinesebook.3Ihaveneverbeentothatpark.4.Hehasalreadyhadlunch.5Haveyouseenthismovieyet?6Mybrotherhasnotreturned.7Ihaveseenthismoviesincelastweek.8Hehaslivedheresince1992.9Ihavehadthisdictionaryforthreeyears.10HehasbeenawayChinaforthreeyears. 写出下列动词的过去分词形式.wake______2.teach______3.sell________4.see________5.ride_______6.pay_____7.choose______8.throw_____9.think_______10.eat_____11.drive______12.catch______13.bring______14.break______15.give_______16.get_________17.know_______18.open_______19.write_______20.forget________wokentaughtsoldseenriddenpaidchosenthrownthoughteatendrivencaughtbroughtbrokengivengottenknownopenedwrittenforgotten 四)Itis+一段时间+since+句子(一般过去时)=一段时间+haspassed+since+句子(一般过去时)Eg.ItisfiveyearssinceIjoinedthearmy.=FiveyearshaspassedsinceIjoinedthearmy.