大学英语语法总结 90页

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1.Accordingtotheplan,theymustfinishtheworkbyMonday.按照计划,他们必须在星期一以前完成工作。(修饰全句)ByMondaytheymustfinishtheworkaccordingtotheplan.在星期一以前他们必须按照计划完成工作。(修饰finish)2.Thatismyall.我一切都在那里。(那是我的一切。all为名词)Allthatismine.那一切都是我的。(all为形容词)3.JackhasalsodecidedtospendafewdaysinAustriaonhiswaytoSwitzerland.杰克也决定在前往瑞士途中在奥地利逗留几天。(修饰谓语)JackhasdecidedalsotospendafewdaysinAustriaonhiswaytoSwitzerland.杰克决定在他前往瑞士途中在奥地利也要逗留几天。(修饰不定式)4.Shehadthegraceatleasttoadmitthatshewaspartlyinthewrong.至少她很痛快,承认她自己也有一部分过错。(修饰hadthegrace)Shehadthegracetoadmitthatshewasatleastpartlyinthewrong.她倒很痛快, 承认自己至少也有些过错。(修饰partlyinthewrong)5.Herspeechwasreportedatlengthinthenewspapers.她的演讲词在报纸上详细地登载出来。(=ingreatdetail)Atlength,herspeechwasreportedinthenewspapers.她的演讲词终于在报纸上登载出来。(=atlast)6.Wewerepassingbyaboathousewhenwemether.我们从游艇停泊处经过,碰上了她。(aplacewhereboatsanchor)Wewerepassingbyahouseboatwhenwemether.我们从一艘住家船边经过,碰上了她。(aboatservingasahouse)7.Thepolicemadeacarefulstudyofthebookcase.警察仔细察看了书橱。Thepolicemadeacarefulstudyofthecasebook.警察仔细研究了案例。(判例、案例)8.Hetookhertoabusstation.他带她到一个汽车站。 Hetookhertoastationbus.他带她到一辆往返(火)车站的公共汽车那里。9.Theyfoundtheemptybottle.他们找到了空瓶子。(empty作定语)Theyfoundthebottleempty.他们发现瓶子是空着的。(empty作宾补)10.Howpeoplecanbesuchfools!怎么会有人这么傻!(对真人真事感到惋惜、惊奇)Howcanpeoplebesuchfools?谁可能会那么傻呢?(未必有的事情)11.Howoldsheis!她竟然这么衰老!(同样,Howyoungsheis!=Sheisextremelyyoung.)Howoldisshe?她多大年纪?(同样,Howyoungisshe?她有多年轻?)新/世/纪/英/语/丛/书866附录12.Igazedatthebrokencaseglassanddidn..tknowwhattodo.(镂花厚玻璃)Igazedatthebrokenglasscaseanddidn..tknowwhattodo.(玻璃橱柜)13.Helikesthiskindofchocolates.他喜欢这种牌号的巧克力。(式样、牌号)Helikeschocolatesofthiskind.他喜欢这种口味的巧克力。(质量、特征)14. Hekepthercompany.他陪着她。Hekeptcompanywithher.他和她交朋友(谈恋爱)。(结交、要好)15.Wedidn..tbuyit,didwe,becauseitwascheap.我们没买,对不对,那东西质量很差。(didwe强调主句)Wedidn..tbuythembecauseitwascheap,didwe?我们不是因为便宜才买,对不对?(反意问句)16.Itneveroccurredtohertodoubtthatthestorymightbefalse.对于情节可能纯属虚构这一点,她深信不疑。(相信故事是虚构的)Thedoubtneveroccurredtoherthatthestorymightbefalse.她从来没怀疑过故事可能是假的。(相信故事是真的,that...为同位语从句)17.Canyoutellmeallyouknowaboutaflowergarden?你可以把你所知道关于花园的一切都告诉我吗?(不同于vegetablegarden)Canyoutellmeallyouknowaboutagardenflower?你可以把你所知道关于园中种植的花 卉的一切情况都告诉我吗?(不同于wildflower)18.Shesimplyspoke.她只不过说说而已。(没有行动)Shespokesimply.她说起话来,简洁、直率。19.Twoofmybrother..sfriendscametoseehimoff.我哥哥的朋友当中有两个人来给他送行。(不只两个朋友)Twofriendsofmybrother..scametoseehimoff.我哥哥的两个朋友来给他送行。(可能只有两个朋友)20.Theoratormadehimselfgenerallyunpopularwiththecrowd.这个演说家,群众普遍地不喜欢他。(修饰unpopular)Theoratorgenerallymadehimselfunpopularwiththecrowd.这个演说家通常不受群众欢迎。(修饰made)21.Thankyou.Thisisapieceofgoodadviceforme.谢谢你。这意见对我真有好处。(benefitme)Thankyou.Thisisagoodpieceofadviceforme.谢谢你。这真是金石之言!(lthink highly)22.Halfabottleisleft.剩下半瓶。Ahalf-bottleisleft.剩下半瓶装的一瓶。23.Jim..sfathergavehimhalfacrown.杰姆的爸爸给他半克朗的钱。(可能是若干个钱币)Jim..sfathergavehimahalf-crown.杰姆的爸爸给他一枚半克朗的钱币。(一个钱币)24.Hedrankhalfanothercup.他又喝了半杯。Hedrankanotherhalf-cup.他把另外半杯也喝了下去。25.Hepouredhimselfoutaglassofwater.他自己倒一杯水喝。(不是给别人倒的)Hepouredoutaglassofwaterhimself.他亲自倒一杯水。(可能给别人)26.Shesawhimthrough.她对他帮助到底。Shesawthroughhim.她看透了他的为人。27.Hegavehimatipaboutthehorseraces.他教了他一些赛马经。(指注押在哪一匹马上)Hegavehimatipabouttheracehorses.他告诉他这些比赛用的马的底细(该买哪一匹)。28.OnlyyesterdayImetheranddiscussedthematterwithher.我昨天刚看见她,还和她讨论过 这件事情。(时间之近)OnlyyesterdaydidImeetheranddiscussthematterwithher.我到昨天才见到她和她讨论了这件事情。(时间之迟)大学英语语法———讲座与测试(第二版)867附录一英语貌合神离句与特殊难点例讲评29.Shewillexplainquiteclearlyinfuturewhatsheintendstodo.今后她会说得很清楚,她打算做什么。(修饰主句)Shewillexplainquiteclearlywhatsheintendstodoinfuture.她会说得很清楚,她今后打算做什么。(修饰从句)30.Shetriedinvaintopreventtheworkfrombeingdone.她试图阻挠工作的完成,结果失败了。Shetriedtopreventtheworkfrombeingdoneinvain.她试图防止工作做得劳而无功。31. Ihopeshewillsoongetoverit.我希望她很快就会忘掉这件事。(忘掉,克服)Ihopeshewillsoongetitover.我希望她很快就会结束这件事。(结束)32.Ishouldliketohavegone.可惜我没去,要去就好了。(IwishIhadgone)Ishouldhavelikedtogo.可惜我不知道,要知道我就去了。(Ilikedto,butIdidn..tknow)(当时不知道,不然一定会去的)33.Thisdistrictisnewtohim.这地方他以前没来过。Heisnewtothisdistrict.他刚在这里定居不久。34.Shehadnothingmoretosay.她再也没有什么好说的了。Shehadtosaynothingmore.她不该再说什么。(hadto相当于should)35.Ioftenwakeupduringthenight.我常常在半夜里醒来。Iwakeupoftenduringthenight.我夜里醒来好多次。36.Quiteproperlyshewaspunished.她受处分,理所应当。(修饰全句)Shewaspunishedquiteproperly.她所受的处分恰如其分。(修饰punished)37.Theyhavecomeratheralongway.他们已经走了相当长的路。Theycamearatherlongway.他们来的这条路相当长。 38.Someauthorswritebecausetheyhaveastorytotell.有些作家写文章是因为感到有东西可写。(乐意写)Someauthorswritebecausetheyhavetotellastory.有些作家写文章是因为非写不可。(为了养家等)39.Itisasortofwine.这是一种酒。Itiswineofasort.这也算是酒吧。(ofasort含贬义)40.Inoticedthatwhileshewaspresenthewouldneversayaword.我注意到她在场时他总是一言不发。Inoticedwhileshewaspresentthathewouldneversayaword.当她也在场的时候,我注意到他一言不发。41.Heisinexperienced,heisquitecleverthough.他没有经验,不过他很聪明。(=nevertheless,however)Heisinexperiencedthoughheisquiteclever.虽然他很聪明,可是他没有经验。 42.WhenJackarrived,Iwasjustgoingtobed.杰克到达时,我正要上床睡觉。IwasjustgoingtobedwhenJackarrived.我正要上床睡觉,恰恰在这时候,杰克却来了。(=andthen)43.Thefruitisgoodtoeat.这种水果可以吃。(不脏不烂)Thefruitisgoodeating.这水果很好吃。(enjoyable)44.Idon..tliketopunishfirstoffenders.我不愿意处分初次犯错误的人。(like的宾语为topunish)Idon..tlikepunishingfirstoffenders.(like的宾语为punishingfirstoffenders)对初次犯错误的人就给予处分,我不赞成。45.Idon..tliketotalkwithher.我不愿和她谈话。Idon..tliketalkingwithher.我讨厌和她谈话。(厌恶)46.Hewasseentoliedownonthegrass.看到他在草地上躺了下来。(动作)Hewasseenlyingdownonthegrass.看到他正在草地上躺着。(状态)新/世/纪/英/语/丛/书 868附录47.Hemusthavehadabusytimesincehestartedtocycle.自从他骑车出发以后,肯定够他忙了。(setoffbybike)Hemusthavehadabusytimesincehestartedcycling.自从开始骑车后,肯定够他忙了。(不再坐汽车)48.Hewentontoquestionmewhereshehadbeen.他接着问我她刚才上哪儿去了。(前后动作不同。刚才他在做别的事情,而现在却问)Hewentonquestioningmewhereshehadbeen.他继续问我她刚才上哪儿去了这个问题。(继续)49.Shewasaccustomedtowalkfortenminutesafterlunch.她经常在午饭后散步十分钟。Shewasaccustomedtowalkinglongdistances.她已惯于长途步行。50.Theservantwasafraidtowakeuphismaster.那个仆人不敢叫醒他的主人。(叫醒他要挨骂、挨打) Theservantwasafraidofwakinguphismaster.那个仆人怕把他主人惊醒。(趁他睡觉逃跑,万一惊醒他,就跑不成了)51.Theywereengagedtocarryoutanimportantpieceofresearch.聘请他们来进行一项重要的研究项目。(beemployed)Theywereengagedincarryingoutanimportantpieceofresearch.他们忙于进行一项重要的研究项目。(bebusy)52.Sheisgoodtodothat.她真好,做了这件事。Sheisgoodatdoingthat.她很擅长做这件事。53.Theyaresuretomeethim.他们肯定会见到他。(surely)Theyaresureofmeetinghim.他们深信会见到他。(beconfident)54.Aknifeisusedtocutbread.用刀切面包。(特定目的)Aknifeisusedforcuttingpurposes.刀子的用途是切削。(一般用途)55.Theyagreedtodoit.他们同意这样做。Theyareagreedondoingit.他们对做这件事取得了一致的意见。 56.Wecan..thelpherbreakthecode.It..stooelaborate.我们没办法帮她破那个密码———太复杂了!Wecan..thelpherbreakingthecode.It..stoosimple.(prevent)我们没办法不让她识破密码———太简单了!57.Therewasnoreasonforhertomakesuchadecision.她没有理由作出这样的决定。Therewas,forher,noreasonformakingsuchadecision.照她看来,不存在做出这样决定的理由。(插入语)58.Theprincipalhasresignedtomakewayforayoungerman.校长辞职,让比他年轻的人接替。Theprincipalisresignedtomakingwayforayoungerman.校长只好接受事实,让位给比他年轻的人。(屈从,服从)59.Shewasverybusylastweek.上个星期她很忙。Shehasbeenverybusyforthelastweek.这个星期以来她一直很忙。60. SinceIwasatthisschool,therehavebeenthreehead-masters.从我离开这个学校时候起,已经换了三个校长。(现不在该校)SinceIhavebeenatthisschool,therehavebeenthreehead-masters.从我来这个学校起,我们已经换了三个校长。(现仍在该校)61.Sincehewasill,hisfriendhasvisitedhimeveryday.从他病好起,他的朋友天天来看他。Sincehehasbeenill,hisfriendhasvisitedhimeveryday.从他生病起,他的朋友天天来看他。62.Sheisclever.她很聪明。Sheisbeingclever.她在卖弄聪明。(一时的特点)大学英语语法———讲座与测试(第二版)869附录一英语貌合神离句与特殊难点例讲评63.WhenheisinBeijing,healwaysreadsChinaPictorial.他在北京的时候总是看中国画报。 (特别喜欢看它)WhenheisinBeijing,heisalwaysreadingChinaPictorial.他在北京的时候,整天看中国画报。(除此之外,几乎不做别的事)64.We..dbetterdressfordinner.我们最好是穿礼服赴宴。(时间尚早)We..dbetterbedressingfordinner.我们要去赴宴,现在最好就要换衣服了。(此刻就要去)65.Wecandiscussthiswhileweeat.我们可在吃饭的时候讨论这件事。Wecandiscussthiswhileweareeating.我们可以一边吃一边讨论这件事。66.Whatdoyoudoforaliving?Iwritepoems.你靠什么生活?我写诗歌。(一生)Whatareyoudoingforaliving?Iamwritingpoems.你目前靠什么生活?我写诗歌。(最近)67.IfIshouldseehimrightnow,Ishouldinsulthim.如果我现在能看到他,我就要侮辱他。IfIshouldseehimasIamnow,Ishouldbeinsultinghim.如果我现在这个样子就见他,那就等于侮辱他。68. Iheardthenewsatmyuncle..s,whereIhavedinedfrequently.我在我叔叔家听到这消息,我常在他家里吃饭。Iheardthenewsatmyuncle..s,whereIhavebeendining.我在我叔叔家听到这消息,我刚刚在他那里吃过饭。(刚刚发生)69.Shehasn..tspokensincethreeo..clock.她从3点钟起,就再没说话了。Shehasn..tbeenspeakingsincethreeo..clock.她不是从3点钟起就开始说话的。(可能从3点半)70.Sheisplayingafolk-songnext.她接着要演奏一曲民歌。Shewillbeplayingsomemorelater.她以后还要演奏更多的曲子。71.He..sseeingyouatonce.他立即要接见你。(immediatefuture)He..llbeseeingyouinafewminutes.他等一会儿会接见你的。(nearfuture)72.Wheredoesshecomefrom?她是哪里人?Wherehasshecomefrom?她从哪儿来?73.Iftheenvelopewassealed,thecontentswouldnothavefallenout. 看来信封口没封好,否则里面的东西不会掉出来。(从掉出的东西推测)Iftheenvelopehadbeensealed,thecontentswouldnothavefallenout.信封没封好。要是封好了,里面的东西就不会掉出来了。(对过去假设)74.Ifyouhadn..tstoppedhim,hewouldbehere.要不是你挡住了他,他此刻可能到这儿了。(现在)Ifyouhadn..tstoppedhim,hewouldhavebeenhere.要不是你挡住了他,他那时候就到这儿了。(过去)75.Ihopedthatyouwouldhelp.我想你会出力帮助的。Ihopedthatyouwouldhavehelped.我本以来你会出力帮助的。76.Hewascleverenoughtobeadoctor.他够聪明,能当医生。Hewascleverenoughtohavebeenadoctor.以他的聪明,本来完全可以成为一个医生的。77.Hewalksasifheisdrunk.从他走路的姿态看来,他是醉了。Hewalksasifheweredrunk.他摇摇晃晃地走路,活像喝醉了酒。(未醉) 78.Helpwasgiventoanyonewhohadworktodo.对一切有工作要做的人,给予帮助。Helpwasgiventoanyonewhohadworktobedone.对一切有工作需要别人做的人,给予帮助。79.RomeandNaples...evenFlorenceareyettosee.罗马,那不勒斯..甚至佛罗伦斯,我们还没看到。(wehaven..tseen)RomeandNaples...evenFlorenceareyettobeseen.罗马,那不勒斯..甚至佛罗伦斯,还可以看到。(weshallsee)新/世/纪/英/语/丛/书870附录80.Hehashadtheseimpulsessincehecanremember.在他的记忆之中,他一直有这种感情冲动。Hehashadtheseimpulsessincehehasbeenabletoremember.从他能记事以来,他一直有这种感情冲动。81. CanIseethemanager,please?我能够见一见经理吗?(迫切,近乎强求)MayIseethemanager,please?我可以见一见经理吗?(礼貌)82.Hecanhavedisguisedhimself.他当时可以化装的。(有条件化装)Hemayhavedisguisedhimself.他当时可能化了装。(未被识破)83.Wemightaskhimtobeachairman.我们不妨请他担任主席。(建议)Wecouldaskhimtobeachairman.要是请他担任主席,我们是做得到的。(可以办到)84.Hemuststaythenight.他今天晚上一定要在这里过夜。(我要求他留下来)(主观愿望)Hehastostaythenight.他只好在这里过夜。(末班车已经开走了,或者是风雨交加回不去。)(客观情况使得)85.Youmustchangeyoushoes.你必须换双鞋子。(刚打扫过的房间,我不能让你穿这双沾满污泥的鞋子走进来)Youhavetochangeyourshoes.你得换双鞋子。(例如按照当地风俗,提醒对方。进清真寺就得换鞋,这是回教徒的规矩)86.Weshouldnottellfalsehoods.我们不该讲假话。(个人看法) Weoughtnottotellfalsehoods.(我们)不该讲假话。(道德,伦理)87.Haveyou(any)sugarinyourtea?你茶里已经加了糖吗?(具体时间,特定时间)Doyouhavesugarinyourtea?你喝茶要放糖吗?(经常性习惯动作)88.Ihadn..tanytea.我没有茶叶。Ididn..thaveanytea.我没喝茶。89.Shedoesn..tneedtobetold.她用不着别人告诉她。(早知道了)Sheneedn..tbetold.不必告诉她。(可以对她保密)90.Ididn..tneedtoanswerthequestions,whichsavedmealotoftrouble.我无须回答问题,省了好多事。(没回答)Ineedn..thaveansweredthequestions,whichwouldhavesavedmealotoftrouble.(回答了)我根本就不必要去回答那些问题,要那样做的话,就会省掉好多事了。91.Wehadbetteractonhisadvice.我们最好按照他的意见办。Wehadbetteractonhisadvices.我们最好按照他的通知办。92.Heputonanairofinnocence.他装出一副清白的样子。Heputonairs.他摆架子。93. Anoldcarproblemmayarise.可能又引起历来已久的汽车问题。Anoldcarsproblemmayarise.可能引起旧车(处理)的问题。94.Shelaidaclothonthetable.她把一条餐巾铺在桌上。Shelaidapieceofclothonthetable.她把一块布放在桌上。95.Hewroteanarticleonlabourcondition.他写了一篇关于劳动条件的文章。(名词作定语)Hewroteanarticleontheconditionoflabour.他写了一篇关于劳动力状况的文章。96.Weweretouchedbyherconfidence.她的信任使我们很受感动。Weweretouchedbyherconfidences.她吐露出来的秘密使我们很受感动。97.Shehasaneyeforantiquefurniture.她很会鉴赏古代家具。Shehaseyesonlyforantiquefurniture.她只想看看古代家具。98.Itishismannerthatannoysme.他的举止态度使我很不舒服。Itishismannersthatannoyme.他的礼貌使我很不舒服。99.Thisistheproblempageofagirl..smagazine.这是某妇女杂志中使编辑很伤脑筋的一个版面。Thisistheproblemspageofagirl..smagazine. 这是某妇女杂志中为少女解答困难问题的版面。大学英语语法———讲座与测试(第二版)871附录一英语貌合神离句与特殊难点例讲评100.Iliveonmyyoungerbrother..sallowance.我靠我作为弟弟所应得的津贴过生活。(Iamayoungerbrother)Iliveontheallowanceofmyyoungerbrother.我靠我弟弟的津贴过生活。(Iamanelderbrother)101.Herecomesthestoutsailor..swife.那个水手的大个子老婆来了。Herecomesthewifeofthestoutsailor.胖水手的老婆来了。102.Thechildrentookafancytohim.孩子们喜欢他。(=Thechildrenlikehim.)Thechildrentookhisfancy.他喜欢孩子们。(=Helikesthechildren.)103.It..stimewemadeupourminds.我们早就该作出决定了!It..stimeforustomakeupourminds.我们应该作出决定。 104.Whatishelike?他这个人怎么样?(品质、水平、性格,回答可能是friendly,noble,polite,warm-hearted)Howishe?他好吗?(或:他现在怎么样?他身体怎样?)105.Whatwastheweatherlike?气候怎么样?(常下雨吗?天气热吗?海洋性?大陆性?)(Whatbe...like句型常用来询问一个地区的气候特征、一个地方或一个人的特征。参阅上文和下文)Howwastheweather?气候怎么样?(那地方比起这里的气候怎么样?你可喜欢?)106.What..sthetime?几点了?How..sthetime?还有多少时间?107.Howisbusiness?生意怎么样?Howisthebusiness?店里怎么样?(商店)108.Wewereincontrolofthesituation.我们控制了局面。Thesituationwasunderourcontrol.局面在我们控制之中。109.Ihopehewillbehavehimselfproperlyinfuture.我希望今后他会表现不错。(fromnowon从此以后) Ihopehewillbehavehimselfproperlyinthefuture.我希望将来他会表现不错。110.IjustcamefromHighStreet.我刚从街上来。(“I”为本地人)IjustcamefromtheHighStreet.我刚从街上来。(“I”为异乡人)111.Shehadtokeephouse.她必须料理家务。(dohousework)Shehadtokeepthehouse.她只好闭门不出。(生病了)(stayathome)112.YoungMelbournewashardtodealwith.年轻的墨尔本很难对付。TheyoungMelbournewashardtodealwith.青年时代的墨尔本很难对付。113.Youshouldpaymoreattentiontomattersofmoment.你应当更注意重要的事件。(ofimportance)Youshouldpaymoreattentiontomattersofthemoment.你应当更注意当前的事件。(atpresent)114.Hehaseatenmostapples.他吃了大部分的苹果。Hehaseatenthemostapples.他苹果吃得最多。115.Hemadeastudyofthecustomofmostcivilisednations.他研究了大部分文明国家的风俗习惯。 Hemadeastudyofthecustomofthemostcivilisednations.他研究了文化最发达国家的风俗习惯。116.Whatkind(sort)ofcarisit?什么牌子的车子?Whatkind(sort)ofacarisit?怎么样的车子?(质量好吗?)117.Whatchancehashemissed?他错过了什么机会?(疑问句)Whatachancehehasmissed!多么难得的机会,他竟错过!(感叹句)118.NowIknowwhatnovelhehaswritten.现在我知道他写的是什么小说。(何种题材)NowIknowwhatanovelhehaswritten.现在我知道他写了一部了不起的小说。(感叹) 新/世/纪/英/语/丛/书872附录119.Ihadnoideawhatdifficultpositionhewasin.我当时不知道他处在什么样的一种困境中。Ihadnoideawhatadifficultpositionhewasin.我当时不知道他处境何等困难。(感叹)120.Whatkindofworkmanishe?他是干什么活的工人?(泥瓦匠)Whatkindofaworkmanishe?他干活怎么样?(是否踏实?)121.Whatkindofdoctorishe?他是什么博士?(医学博士,文学博士..)Whatkindofadoctorishe?他医术怎么样?122.Whatkindofholidaydidyouhave?你是怎么度假的?(旅行,参加夏令营..)Whatkindofaholidaydidyouhave?你假期过得愉快吗?123.Sheboughtaredandgreendress.她买了一套有红、绿两色的女服。(一套)Sheboughtaredandagreendress.她买了一套红的和一套绿的女服。(二套)124.Theshipwasbadlyarmed.这艘船武器装备得不合理。(notproperly) Theshipwasillarmed.这艘船的武器配备不够。(insufficient)125.HetalksverydifferentnowfromwhathedidwhenIfirstknewhim.他现在谈话中所流露的观点跟以往我刚认识他的时候很不一样。HetalksverydifferentlynowfromwhathedidwhenIfirstknewhim.他现在的谈吐跟我刚认识他的时候很不相同。126.Heworkshard.他辛勤地工作。Hehardlyworks.他几乎不工作。127.Idon..tmindharderwork.我不在乎更困难(繁重)的工作。Idon..tmindmorehardwork.我不在乎更多的困难(繁重)的工作。128.Hishigh-ratedpropertyisthetalkofthetown.他那份税率很高的房产成为当地人们的话题。Hishighlyratedpropertyisthetalkofthetown.他那份备受称赞的房产成为当地人们的话题。129.Hethinksmuchofyou.他对你评价很高。(praisehighly)Hethinkswellofyou.他对你印象很好。(haveagoodimpression) 130.Alwaysnervous,themanopenedtheletters.这个人本来就神经质,这时候紧张地把信拆开。Alwaysnervously,themanopenedtheletters.这个人拆信件时候总是很紧张,这时拆开信件也不例外。131.Hewasn..tawriteroriginally.他原先不是一个作家。Hewasn..tanoriginalwriter.他不是一个有创见的作家。132.Itisplainsillytoputforwardsuchaproposal.提出这么一个建议真是百分之百的糊涂。(outandout)Itisplainlysillytoputforwardsuchaproposal.提出这么一个建议,显然很糊涂。(evidently)133.Wemusttakeaccountofhispotentinfluence.我们必须考虑他的强有力的影响。Wemusttakeaccountofhispotentialinfluence.我们必须考虑他的潜在影响。134.Thisispurewater.这是纯净的水。Thisispurelywater.这只不过是水。(merely)135. Sheistheworseofthetwo.她比另一个人差。Sheistheworstofthetwo.两个人当中,她差多了。136.Heturnedthief.他堕落成为小偷。Heturnedout(tobe)athief.原来他是个小偷。137.Ammunitionhadtobesavedforanactualattack.必须把军火节省下来,以备真正发动进攻时用。Ammunitionhadtobesavedupforanactualattack.必须把军火储备起来,以备真正发动进攻时用。(storeup)138.Istoodinforhim.我暂时替他一下。(replace)Istoodupforhim.我拥护他。(support)大学英语语法———讲座与测试(第二版)873附录一英语貌合神离句与特殊难点例讲评139.Don..ttakesuchafussaboutthem.别为他们大惊小怪。 Don..tmakesuchafussofthem.不要过于惯着他们。(别太吹捧他们)140.Ireadabouttheaccidentinthenewspaper.我在报纸上细读了这个事故的经过。(peruse)Ireadoftheaccidentinthenewspaper.我从报纸上知道了这个事故。(learnof)141.Hethoughtabouttheproblem.他考虑这个问题。Hethoughtoftheproblem.他想到这个问题。142.Hedoesn..tthinkmuchaboutthatproposal.他并没有怎么考虑这个建议。Hedoesn..tthinkmuchofthatproposal.他对这个建议评价不高。143.Thepolicemanranafterhim.警察在后面追他。(pursue)Thepolicemanranbehindhim.警察在他后面跑。144.Therewereconstantconflictsamongemployers,workersandtradeunionofficials.雇主内部、工人内部、工会职员内部都经常发生摩擦。Therewereconstantconflictsbetweenemployers,workersandtradeunionofficials.雇主、工人和工会职员三方面经常发生摩擦。145. Iswearathim.我诅咒他。Iswearbyhim.我非常相信他。146.Heissittingathisdesk.他正伏案书写。Heissittinginhisdesk.他正坐在连桌面的椅子上。147.Hemadeanattemptatthespeedrecord.他试图创造新的速度纪录。Hemadeanattemptonthespeedrecord.他试图打破原有的速度纪录。148.Heworkedatatable.他伏案工作。Heworkedonatable.他做一张桌子。149.Hepointedatsomethingoverthere.他用手指着那边某件东西。Hepointedtosomethingoverthere.他指着那边某件东西。(来解释说明某一问题)150.Weallrejoiceatyourgoodfortune.我们大家都为你的好运气而感到喜悦。Weallrejoicewithyouinyourgoodfortune.我们大家和你一样为你的好运气感到高兴。151.Weshallnotbehomebysix.到六点钟,我们还不能到家。Weshallnotbehometillsix.我们要到六点钟才能到家。152. Theargumentwascolouredbyprejudice.论点受偏见的影响。Theargumentwascolouredwithwit.论点中含有机智。153.Wecampedthereforthesummer.整个夏天我们在那里宿营。Wecampedthereinthesummer.夏天我们在那里宿营。(可能只是一段时间)154.Hewasjealousforhisfriend..sreputation.他深怕他朋友的名誉受损害。Hewasjealousofhisfriend..sreputation.他妒忌他朋友的名誉。155.Hehasbeenawayforthelastmonth.过去这一个月中他都不在家。(刚过去的30天)Hehasbeenawaysincelastmonth.他从上个月起就不在家。156.Hestoodupforthem.他拥护(支持)他们。Hestooduptothem.他反抗他们。(oppose)157.Letmestandinforyou.让我暂时替你一下。Letmestandinwithyou.让我也分摊一份。(share)158.Hisfriendreproachedhimforhavingdisclosedthesecret.他的朋友因为他泄露秘密责怪他。(泄密是事实)Hisfriendreproachedhimwithhavingdisclosedthesecret. 他的朋友责怪他泄露秘密。(泄露只是一种假定)159.Clothismadefromcotton.布是由棉花加工成的。Clothismadeofcotton.布是用棉纱(线)织成的。(cotton指棉纱线)新/世/纪/英/语/丛/书874附录160.Hesaidhewasn..tinformedinthesematters.他说他对这一方面的事不很熟悉。(unfamiliar)Hesaidhewasn..tinformedofthismatter.他说没人告诉过他这件事。(Noonetoldhim)161.Thewallsareinstone.墙壁是石料砌成的。(外观)Thewallsareofstone.墙壁是石料砌成的。(强度,耐久)162.Hewasconfinedinhisroom.他被关闭在房中。(shutin)Hewasconfinedtohisroom.他整日守在房中不出来。163.Hehasgoneintobusiness.他经商去了。 Hehasgonetobusiness.他上班去了。164.Theyshutthedooron(upon)visitors.他们关住门不让参观的人进来。Theyshutthedoortovisitors.他们不欢迎外界参观。165.Heisgoodtochildren.他对儿童很和蔼。(bekind)Heisgoodwithchildren.他管孩子很有办法。(begoodat)166.Heisfamiliartome.我对(同)他很熟。Heisfamiliarwithme.他对我很随便。167.Ihadagoodtalktohimyesterday.我昨天说了他一顿。Ihadagoodtalkwithhimyesterday.我昨天和他交谈了很久。168.Theywereplayingfootball.他们在比赛足球。Theywereplayingatfootball.他们在踢足球玩。169.Hewasshotonhiswayhome.他在回家的路上被枪杀了。Hewasshotatonhiswayhome.在回家的路上,有人向他开枪。170.Iwillworkit.我要想办法安排。(handle)Iwillworkatit.我要努力做这件事。(trytodo) 171.IsJohnathome?约翰在家吗?IsJohnhomeyet?约翰回来了吗?(backyet)172.Heinquiredthereason.他查问理由。(askabout)Heinquiredintothereason.他仔细调查原因。(investigate)173.Pleasearrangeanothertable.请另外摆一张桌子。Pleasearrangeforanothertable.请叫他们再摆一张桌子。174.Theyallfearhim.他们都怕他。Theyallfearforhim.他们都为他焦急。(beanxious)175.Theyaresearchingthethief.他们正在搜查小偷。(搜身)Theyaresearchingforthethief.他们正在搜捕小偷。(小偷在逃)176.Heescapedprison.他没进监狱。Heescapedfromprison.他越狱跑了。177.HequotesShakespeare.他引用莎士比亚的话。(hiswords)HequotesfromShakespeare.他引用莎士比亚的著作。(hisworks)178. Hebelievesthepress.他相信报刊上的报导。Hebelievesinthepress.新闻自由是他的信念。179.IhappenedtobevisitingManchesteratthetimeoftheExhibition.展览会期间我刚好在曼彻斯特游览(参观)。IhappenedtobevisitinginManchesteratthetimeoftheExhibition.展览会期间,我刚好在曼彻斯特探亲(访友)。180.Thesocietyboastsgreatnamesamongitsmembership.这个协会的会员中有许多有名人物。Thesocietyboastsofgreatnamesamongitsmembership.这个协会夸口说它的会员中有许多是有名人物。181.Shesweptouttheroom.她打扫好了房间。(clean)Shesweptoutoftheroom.她很神气地走出房间。(stalk)大学英语语法———讲座与测试(第二版)875附录一英语貌合神离句与特殊难点 例讲评182.Wearecheckingtheirmovements.我们正在阻挡他们前进。Wearecheckingontheirmovements.我们正在核实他们的动态。183.Standingthere,shecaneasilyspythemaninthecrowd.站在那里,她很容易在人群中发现那个人。Standingthere,shecaneasilyspyonthemaninthecrowd.站在那里,她很容易在人群中监视那个人。184.No,Iwon..ttellhim.不,我不会告诉他。No,Iwon..ttellonhim.不,我不会告发他。(=reporton)185.Heattendedalecture.他参加听演讲。Heattendedtohislecture.他对演讲做好布置。(makepreparationsfor)186.Dr.Smithattendedthispatient.史密斯医生负责治疗这个病人。Dr.Smithattendedtothispatient.史密斯医生看了这个病人的病。187.ItisnotlikehimtoreportMr.Brown.他不像是会去告发布朗先生的那种人。 ItisnotlikehimtoreporttoMr.Brown.他不像是肯向布朗先生报告的人。188.Youhadbetterseetheperformance.你最好看一看演出。Youhadbetterseetotheperformance.你最好注意一下演出的事。189.Showhimthedoor.请他出去。(逐客令)Showhimtothedoor.陪他到门口。190.Idon..tlikethisjob,butIsupposeIshallhavetostickit.我不喜欢这个工作,不过我想我只好忍耐。(endure)Idon..tlikethisjob,butIsupposeIshallhavetosticktoit.我不喜欢这个工作,不过我想我只好干下去,不要更变。191.Thisarticlecannotbeimproved.这文章没办法再改了。Thisarticlecannotbeimprovedupon.不可能有比这更好的文章。192.Thepoorqualityofhisworkhasbeenremarked.他工作质量之差已为人所觉察。(noticed)Thepoorqualityofhisworkhasbeenremarkedupon.他工作质量之差受到议论。193. IamgoingtoconsultDr.Johnson.我打算请教约翰逊医生。(请他看病)IamgoingtoconsultwithDr.Johnson.我打算和约翰逊医生商量。194.Haveyoufinishedthepaper?你写(看)完论文了吗?Haveyoufinishedwiththepaper?这论文(报纸)你不再需要了吗?(Doyoustillneedit?)195.TheConservativesjoinedtheLiberalsinsupportingthebill.保守党跟在自由党后面支持这项法案。TheConservativesjoinedwiththeLiberalsinsupportingthebill.保守党和自由党联合起来支持这项法案。196.TheylodgedtheJohnsons.他们把房间租给约翰逊一家。(letroomsto)TheylodgedwiththeJohnsons.他们向约翰逊家租了房间。(livetogether)197.Ourschememetwithanobjection.我们的计划碰到了反对意见。Ourschememethisobjection.我们的方案消除了他的反对意见。198.Shewritesjustlikeherbrotherdidwhenhewasyoung.她的书法就像她哥哥小时候的一 样。(handwriting)Shewritesjustasherbrotherdidwhenhewasyoung.她写字的样子,就像她哥哥小时候一样。(manner)199.Inevergotoseehimunlessheisill.除非他病了,要不然,我从不去看他。Inevergotoseehimbutheisill.每次看他,他总是病了。(EverytimeI...he...)200.Idoubtifthereisabettergardener.我怀疑还会有哪个花匠比他更好。(意思是没有)Idoubtwhetherthereisabettergardener.我没把握有没有比他更好的花匠。新/世/纪/英/语/丛/书876附录201.Therewereveryfewpassengersthatescapedwithoutseriousinjury.没有几个旅客不受重伤而脱险的。(大都受了重伤)Therewereveryfewpassengers,whoescapedwithoutseriousinjury.旅客很少,他们没有受什么重伤就脱险了。202.I..dliketoseeifIcanfindit.我要看看能不能找到它。 I..dliketoseeifIcannotfindit.我倒要看看是不是就会找不到它。(不相信找不到)203.Didn..tItellyouyouweren..ttoplaynearthepond?我不是告诉过你别在池塘边玩耍吗?DidInottellyouyouweren..ttoplaynearthepond?(这么说,)我没有告诉过你别在池塘边玩耍吗?204.Thisbookwasspeciallywrittenforforeignstudents.这本书是专门为外国学生写的。(forthemonly)Thisbookwasespeciallyusefultoforeignstudents.这本书对于外国学生特别有用。(particularly,extremely)205.Withallhisexaminationspassed,hecouldenjoyacarefreeholiday.现在各门考试全部合格,他可以痛快过一个假日了。(过去分词)Withallhisexaminationspast,hecouldenjoyacare-freeholiday.现在各科全已考过,他可以痛快过一个假日了。(形容词)206. Theyareplainpeople.他们是很普通的人。Theyareplainspeople.他们是平原居民。207.Thatpieceofpaperhefoundonthefloorwasareturnticket.他在地板上捡到的那张纸是一张来回车票。Thatpieceofpaperhefoundonthefloorwasareturnedticket.他在地板上捡到的那张纸是一张退回来的车票。208.Howmuchmoneyhaveyouleft?你留下多少钱?(toyouwife)Howmuchmoneyhaveyougotleft?你剩下多少钱?(够不够买车票?)209.Hewasleftwithonlyhisdaughtertocareforhim.只剩下他女儿来照顾他。Hewasleftwithonlyhisdaughtertocarefor.只剩下他女儿靠他照顾。210.Thebookwillsellwell;Itisbound.这本书会很畅销,它是装订的。Thebookwillsellwell;Itisboundto.这本书会很畅销,肯定是这样。211.Yougoifyouwantto.Idon..tcare.你要去就去吧。我不在乎。(mind)Yougoifyouwantto.Idon..tcareto.你要去就去吧,我不想去。(go)212. Iheardeverythinghetoldme.他对我说的每一句话,我都听到了。Iheardeverythinghetoldmeto.他要我听的每一句话,我全听到了。213.Come,now.Don..twastetime.来吧,别浪费时间。(now是语气词)Comenow.Don..twastetime.现在就来,别浪费时间。214.Still,thepriceisquitereasonable.尽管这样,价格还是相当公道的。Stillthepriceisquitereasonable.价格仍旧相当公道。215.Iwouldn..tadviseyoutogothereforhissake.我不愿意劝你为了他的缘故而去那个地方。Iwouldn..tadviseyoutogothere,forhissake.我不愿意劝你去那个地方,这是为了他的缘故。216.Marywenttotheshoponlytodiscoverhowexpensivethedresswas.玛丽到店铺里去,只是为了要看看衣服到底有多贵。(目的)Marywenttotheshop,onlytodiscoverthatthedresswastooexpensive.玛丽到店里去,却发现衣服太贵了。(结果) 大学英语语法———讲座与测试(第二版)877附录一英语貌合神离句与特殊难点例讲评217.Hewon..tthinkhehasanyreasontothankyouforallthatyou..vedone.他觉得不必要为你所做的事向你致谢。(thanksb.forsth.结构)Hewon..tthinkhehasanyreasontothankyou,forallthatyou..vedone.尽管你做了那么多,他不会感谢你的。(although)218.Wedidnotcomeearlybecausewethoughtitwouldbeinconvenienttoyou.我们不是因为怕对你不方便,才来得早。(是别的原因)Wedidnotcomeearly,becausewethoughtitwouldbeinconvenienttoyou.我们没有很早来,怕的是对你不方便。219.WouldyoulikeJohnorHenrytogowithyou?你要约翰还是亨利跟你一道去吗?WouldyoulikeJohn,orHenry,togowithyou?你喜欢约翰和你一道去呢? 还是亨利和你一道去?220.Thefactstheprisoneradmittedpointedtohimastheguiltypersonbutheprotestedhewasinnocent.在押被告供认的事实说明他是罪犯,可是他申辩说自己无罪。(定语从句)Thefacts,theprisoneradmitted,pointedtohimastheguiltypersonbutheprotestedhewasinnocent.在押被告承认,事实经过会使人以为他是罪犯,可是他申辩说实际上他是无辜的。(插入语)221.Whatisyourbrother?你弟弟是干什么的?(职业、身份;回答可以是aworker,amanager)Whatdoesyourbrotherlooklike?他弟弟是个什么样子的人?(长相、外表;回答可以是tall,thin,young,dark-haired,handsome)Howdoesyourbrotherlook?你弟弟现在的情况怎样?(目前情况如何;回答可以是busyalldaylong,agedconsiderablyafterhiswife..sdeath,deepindebt)222.Sheisaladyofvirtue.她是个贤德的女人。(ofvirtue作后置定语,相当于形容词virtuous,如amanofcourage=acourageousman,achildoffortune=afortunatechild( 幸运儿),amanoffewwords(寡言之人))Heisacowofamiddle-agedman.他是一位体大如牛的中年男子。(of后的词作同位语,如thatidiotofaTom那个傻瓜汤姆)223.Shehasneverrecoveredhisloss.失去了他,她一直没有恢复过来。(动宾关系,hisloss=sheloseshim)Hehasneverrecoveredhisloss.他一直没有从自己的损失中恢复过来。(主谓关系,hisloss=helosessomething)224.Hediditthathemightgetmoremoney.他这样做为的是得到更多的钱。(it为具体事物,that引导目的状语从句)Hetookitthathemightgetmoremoney.他认为他可能得到更多的钱。(it为形式宾语,真正的宾语为that从句;在have,resent,dislike,leave等后有that从句作宾语从句中,常用it作形式宾语,如resentitthat...,dislikeitthat...)225.Ifoundheragoodgirl.我发现她是一个好女孩。(agoodgirl为宾语补足语,相当于tobe agoodgirl)Ifoundheragoodboy.我给她找了个好男孩。(agoodboy为直接宾语,相当于foundagoodboyforher)226.Heleftthetowndisappointed.他失望地离开了那个小城。(disappointed为主语补足语,修饰He,说明状态,可移至句首)Heleftthecityunguarded.他让那个小城不设防。(unguarded为宾语补足语,说明thecity的状态,left意为“让处于某种状态”,如leavesth.undone,leavethequestionsunanswered)227.Herantheshopsingle-handed.(说明主语,表示方法,作状语)Hecaughtthethiefred-handed.(说明宾语,作宾语补足语)新/世/纪/英/语/丛/书878附录228.Sheiscalculating.Pleasedon..tdisturbher.她在算账,不要打扰她。(分词,进行时态)Sheiscalculatingwhereasherhusbandisbroad-minded.她工于心计, 而她丈夫则宽宏大量。(形容词作表语,如Heislackinginability.)229.Shepromisedmetoattendthemeeting.(不定式的执行者是She,me可省略,相当于Shepromisedtoattendthemeeting或Shepromisedmethatshewouldattendthemeeting.)Shepermittedmetoattendthemeeting.(不定式的执行者是me,me不可省,相当于Shepermittedmyattendingthemeeting.)230.Shecaughtthestudentscheatingatexams.(分词,作宾语补足语,说明thestudents当时的动作状态)Shehatedthestudentscheatingatexams.(动名词,thestudents作cheating的逻辑主语,相当于thestudents..cheatingatexams,一起作hated的宾语;like,hate,prefer,dislike,resent,don..tmind,can..tstand等后的-ing形式的词均为动名词,如resentpeoplesmokingintheroom,dislikeJohndoingitinthatway)231. Theymadethefirelastduringthenight.(made为使役动词,相当于let,不定式last前没有to,作宾语补足语)Theymadethefiretokeepoffwildanimalsduringthenight.(made相当于built,意为“升火”,不定式tokeepoff作目的状语)232.Shewastheonlywomantowitnesstheaccident.(theonlywoman同towitness有主谓关系,相当于...theonlywomanwhowitnessedtheaccident)Shewastheonlywomantotrustinthecompany.(theonlywoman同totrust有动宾关系,相当于...theonlywomanwhomwetrustedinthecompany)233.Thegirllovedhimsoastomarryhim.这个女孩如此爱他以至于与他结了婚。(本句中的soasto不可看作一个整体,而是分别起作用,so作副词,意为“如此地、非常地”,也可视为后面省略了much或deeply,相当于somuch或sodeeply;asto引起结果状语;这句话可改为...sodeeplythatshemarriedhim或...deeplysothatshemarriedhim)Thegirlmarriedhimsoastocomforthim.(soasto为一统一体,相当于inorder to,引起目的状语,相当于Thegirlmarriedhiminordertocomforthim.)234.WhatdoyoucallthatinChinese?在汉语中你把那个称作什么?(what为疑问代词,作宾语补足语,说明that)HowdoyousaythatinChinese?那个在汉语中怎样说?(how为疑问副词,修饰say,作方式状语)235.Shediditsoastowinhonoursforthecountry.(引导目的状语)Themoonwasbright,soastoenablethemtofindawaythroughtheforest.(引导结果状语)236.Thegirlwepttoreceivetheletter.(不定式为原因状语,其动作先于谓语动词,相当于Whenthegirlreceivedtheletter,shewept.)Thegirlwepttoobtainoursympathy.(不定式为目的状语,其动作后于谓语动词,相当于...inordertoobtainoursympathy)Thegirlwepttobecomealltears.(不定式为结果状语,相当于...andthenbecamealltears 哭成个泪人儿)237.Thetowerislowforustoclimb.塔不高,我们爬得上去。(相当于lowenoughforustoclimb.或solowthatwecanclimb,表示肯定含义)Thetowerishighforustoclimb.塔太高,我们爬不上去。(相当于toohighforustoclimb或sohighthatwecan..tclimb,表示否定含义)大学英语语法———讲座与测试(第二版)879附录一英语貌合神离句与特殊难点例讲评238.Heisnottooproudofhimselftoacceptother..ssuggestions.(not否定整个too...to结构,意为“并不太..所以能”,表示肯定意义,相当于Heisnotveryproudandhecanacceptother..ssuggestions.)Heistooambitiousnottotakethechance.(not否定不定式totakethechance,便取消了否定的含义,表示肯定,意为“太..不会不”,相当于Heissoambitiousthathewon..tmissthechance.) 239.Tomymind,aforcedkindnessdeservesnothanks.(tomymind相当于inmyopinionorview,意为“照..看来或想”,其他如toone..sbelief自信,toone..sknowledge据..所知,toone..swayofthinking在..看来)Toourregret,thedownpourspoiltourtrip.(toourregret意为“使我遗憾的是”;to同表示情感的名词连用,表示“结果、效果”,意为“使、致使”,如toone..sgreatjoy(使..高兴的是),muchtoone..ssurprise(使..大为吃惊的是)240.Shestruckmeasanhonestgirl.她给我的印象是一个诚实的女孩。(strike...as意为“使感到,给印象”,anhonestgirl同she为同一人,作主语补足语)Shemockedmeasacountryboy.她嘲笑我是一个农村孩子。(as短语作宾语补足语,与me为同一人,结构同regard...as,remember...as相同)241.Shetreatedhimkindlyasherbestfriend.她友好地把他当作自己最好的朋友看待。(as短语为宾语补足语)Shetreatedhimkindlyashisbestfriend.作为他的最好朋友,她友好地对待他。(as 短语为主语补足语)242.Sheregardedhimwithinterest.她饶有兴趣地看着他。(withinterest表示方式、情绪,作状语,相当于interestedly,其他如withgreatzeal,withallmyheart,withcalmness,withdelight,withenthusiasm)Shetriedtoreachthebranchwithsomeredapples.她试图得到那个结满了红苹果的树枝。(withsomeredapples作后置定语。)Sheserveduswithfruits.她用水果招待我们。(这类with短语大都表示物质、材料等,如supply...withrice,present...withbooks)243.Shehasnothingtowrite.她没有东西写。(指写的内容)Shehasnothingtowritewith.她没有东西写。(指写的工具)244.Idon..tknowwhethershehasreadthebookornot.(本句型中ornot可省,也可提前,说成Idon..tknowwhetherornotshe...)Idon..tknowwhethershehasn..treadthebook.(本句型为双重否定, 而实际表示的是不太肯定的主观看法或猜测,意为“我看..大概,我想..也许”;本句可译为“我想她也许读过这本书”)245.Hewenttheretoseeifeverythingwasreadyforthejourney.(本句意为“他去那里看看旅行是否都做好了准备”,if可换为whether)Hewenttheretoseethateverythingwasreadyforthejourney.(本句意为“他去那里落实为旅行做好一切准备”。seethat相当于seetoitthat,作takecare解,意为“负责,保证,留神,注意”)246.Thesuggestionthatshehasofferedisworthconsidering.(that引导定语从句,为关系代词,作从句谓语动词的宾语,可省,也可用which替代)Thesuggestionthatshewillgothereinhisplaceisworthconsidering.(that引导同位语从句,为thesuggestion的具体内容,that不作语法成分,只起连接作用,一般不可省)247.IshallneverforgetthedaythatIspentthere.(that为关系代词,可省,也可用which代替) IshallneverforgetthedaythatIfirstmether.(that为关系副词,可用when或onwhich代替,修饰met,也可省) 新/世/纪/英/语/丛/书880附录248.Thehappydayswerecomingwhentheywonfreedomandindependence.他们获得自由和独立的时候,幸福的日子就到来了。(when引导状语从句,亦可放在句首)Thehappydaysarecomingwhentheycanenjoythemselvestotheirhearts..contents.他们能够尽情享受的愉快的日子到来了。(when引导定语从句,为使句子平衡,同被修饰的词thehappydays隔开了。再如:Springisthemorningoftheyearwheneverythingwakesup.)249.ThebookiswritteninsucheasyEnglishthatevenbeginnerscanreadit.(that引导程度状语从句,只起连接作用)ThebookiswritteninsucheasyEnglishasevenbeginnerscanread.(as引导定语从句,为关系代词,作read的宾语,修饰English;注意,上面第一个例句尾部的it不可省,而第二个例句尾部不可加it。再如:Shehadsuchafrightasmadeherill.这句中as也是引导定语 从句,作主语,修饰fright)250.Pleaseletmeknowifshereturnstonight.如果她今晚返回,请让我知道。(if引导条件状语从句,亦可放在句首)Pleaseletmeknowifshewillreturntonight.请让我知道她今晚是否返回。(if引导宾语从句,相当于whether,意为“是否”,不可放在句首)251.AftertheaccidentHenrywasmad,andsohewas.事故之后亨利疯了,他确实疯了。(he与Henry为同一人)AftertheaccidentHenrywasmad,andsowashe.事故之后亨利疯了,他也疯了。(he与Henry不是同一人;再如PeoplesaidJoesucceeded;sohedid,andsodidshe.人们说乔成功了,是的,他是成功了,她也成功了。)252.Thefineweatheraddedtoourpleasure.(增加,添加)Thissumofmoneyaddsupto1,000dollars.(总计达,加起来等于)253.Nothingcouldstoptheadvanceofthearmy.(主谓关系:军队前进) Hehascontributedmuchtotheadvancementofscience.(动宾关系:发展科学)254.Thepresidentgaveadvancenoticeofthemeeting.(指时间、距离方面“先期的,在前的”,只作定语)Shereadwidelyamongthemostadvancedthinkersofherage.(先进的,高深的)He..sadvancedinyears.(livetoanadvancedage,年老的)255.HewroteabouthisadventuresintheAfricanforest.(褒义词,指非常激动人心的经历)Aprofitableventuremadeherfortune.(商业上的冒险,投机活动)Heventuredaproposal.(动词:冒昧,敢于)256.Shegaveme200dollarsinall.(总共,共计)Hewasallinafterawholeday..swork.(疲倦的,相当于exhausted,verytired)257.Oureyescanaccommodatethemselvestoseeingobjectsatdifferentdistances.(适应某种工作、环境,相当于suitto)Heoftenaccommodateshisfriendswithmoney.(providewith)258.That..sonetrueactoffriendship.(简单、具体、短暂的行为)Theywerereadyforanyactiontodefendthecountry.(总称, 指长时间才可完成的一系列动作)259.Sheactedaschairmaninmyabsence.(充当,起..的作用,扮演,相当于serveas,接表示职务、身份的名词)Heistemporarilyactingformeinthatpost.(“代理”,相当于dotheworkforanother,接人名或代词)260.Theringcostallof100dollars.(副词,“足足,至少”)Shechosehim,ofallothers,becauseofhisabilityandhonesty.(“在所有..中偏偏”,后接复数可数名词)大学英语语法———讲座与测试(第二版)881附录一英语貌合神离句与特殊难点例讲评261.Heworkedaroundtheclock.(=roundtheclock,theclockround,theclock-around.作状 语,“连续一整天、一昼夜”)Thearound-the-clockworkmadehimverytired.(=round-the-clock,定语,“连续一整天、一昼夜”)262.Asaresult,hesufferedalotinthosedays.(状语,用逗号同其他成分隔开,“因此、结果”)Shesucceededasaresultofpersistentefforts.(状语,后接名词,“由于..的结果,作为..的结果”)263.Weshouldconsidertheproblemasawhole.(作为一个整体看待)Thepaperiswell-writtenonthewhole.(总的看来,大体上)264.Thediscussioncametoanendat11o..clock.(“结束”,常同come,draw,bring连用)Hewillfighttotheend.(“到底、至死”,强调极点、程度,常同carry,fight连用)265.Hesoldthegoodstomeatcost.(照原价,按成本)Heunderstoodittohiscost.(吃了苦头之后才..,付出了代价才..)266.Hecan..tfeelateasewithheadache.(“舒适地、舒适的,无约束的、无拘束地” ,亦可作atone..sease)Hecanliftthestonewithease.(=easily)267.Shealwayskeepsadictionaryathand.(在手边,在附近)Thesummerholidayisathand.(迫近)Hehasalotofmoneyinhand.(手头拥有钱或物)Theyhavethesituationwellinhand.(在控制或进行中)268.Itsnowedatintervalsthisweek.(“不时地”,相当于nowandthen;亦可说atlongintervals,atshortintervals)Shewentdowntownatintervalsoftendays.(“间隔..”,相当于every;亦可说atanintervalof)269.Shefeltatpeaceatlast.(表语,强调状态,inastateoffreedomorquietness)Hewentonhisworkinpeace.(状语,相当于quietly)270.Theycamebysea.(交通方式)Shemethimatsea.(在航海期间,在海上)Thecityisonthesea.(在海岸上,在海边)271. Themurdererwasshotatsight.(一见到..立即,亦可用on,assoonassth.orsb.isseen)Thereisnomaninsight.(能被看到,在..视力范围内:abletobeseen)Theycameinsightofthetownatlast.(abletosee,主语必须是人)Heistobepunishedinthesightoflaw.(“在..看来,在..眼里”,常同人名或law、God等连用)272.Itisdangeroustocorneratspeed.高速转弯很危险。“(高速地、全力地”,speed前可加full,top等)Hewaswalkingforwardwithgreatspeed.(“很快地、急速地”,相当于swiftly,quickly)273.Atthespotwherehedied,peopleerectedamonument.(在..的地点或场所)Thespywasarrestedonthespot.(当场,立即)274.Shewentinandoutofthesecretholeatwill.“(随意,任意”,相当于asonewishes)Hedoestheworkwithawill.“(热情地,起劲地”,相当于withgreatenthusiasm)275.Heisatworkuponapaper.“(从事,忙于”,后接upon或on;亦可作“在工作”解,相当于operating或working,如themanatwork,themachineatwork)Thecompanyhasarailroadonworknow.这家公司目前在修一条铁路。(“ 在完成中”,相当于inprocessofbeingdone;亦可表示“在业”,相当于havingemployment)276.Theboycancountbackwardsfromtwentytoone.这个男孩能够从二十倒数到一。(“向后地,后退的”,用作副词;backward亦可作副词,与backwards同义)Heisneverbackwardinspeakingouthismind.(用作形容词,“畏缩的,落后的,弱智的”)新/世/纪/英/语/丛/书882附录277.Thenewshoesbecomeher.(“同..相称”,相当于suit)Whatwillbecomeofthechildrennowthattheirparentsaredead?(“发生..情况”,相当于happento,常有“不妙”的含义)278.Itlooksasthoughitwillsnowbeforelong.(“不久”,相当于soon,其中的long作名词)Iheardofhernamelongbefore.(“很久以前”,作副词)Thebuildingwasburntdownlongbeforehecameback.(“早在..之前”,作连词) 279.Thelampbelongsonthattable.(“适合放在某处,适合待在某处”)Thisitemofexpenditurebelongsundertheheadofofficeexpenses.这笔支出该归在办公费项下。(“应归在..下”)Inthescientificfield,thenameofEinsteinbelongswiththatofNewton.在科技领域中,爱因斯坦同牛顿齐名。(“跟..有同样适当的地位”,相当于haveaproperorsuitableplacewith)280.Shewasabornmusician.她是一位天生的音乐家。(“天生的”,还可用于beborn结构,表示“出身,出生”,后跟in,at,on等)Hispersistenteffortshavebornerichfruit.他坚持不懈的努力已经结出了硕果。(“结出,产生”;还可作“生育”解,相当于givebirthto,如Shehasbornetwochildren。)281.Sheaccusedhimofhavingbrokenhisword.(“失言,食言,毁约”。word为单数)Itishardfortheconceitedmantoeathiswords.要那个自负的人认错是很难的。(“收回自己说的话,承认错误”,words用复数)282. Thelightbulbintheroomburnedoutandheputinanewone.(“烧坏”,指设备、灯泡等)Heputsomewoodonthefireanditburnedupwithacrackle.(“烧旺”;但作“烧光、烧尽”解时,二者可换用,如burnupoldletters或burnoutoldletters)283.Byandbytherestofmyfamilycameonboard.(“不久,不久以后”,相当于soon,beforelong)Bytheby(bye),haveyoueverheardofthename?(“顺便问一下”,作插入语)284.Mr.Young,bycontrast,wasmuchmoreout-spoken.(“对比起来,相比之下”,用作状语,如standbycontrastwitheachother形成对比)Incontrastto(with)hisbrother,hewasalwaysconsiderateinhistreatmentofothers.(“和..对比,与..相反”,用作状语或表语)Hiswhitehairwasinsharpcontrastto(with)hisdarkskin.285.Iprefertotravelbydayratherthanbynight.(“在白天”,相当于duringtheday)Theemployeeswerepaidbytheday,ratherthanbythehour.(“按天计酬”,也可以说bythemonth按月,bytheyear按年) 286.Thedraggedheroffbyforce.(“用武力,强行”,用作状语)Peoplewenttoseethefireworksinforce.(“大批地,大量地”,指人,可用作表语或状语)Thetreatyshallremaininforceforaperiodoffiveyears.(“有效的”,用作表语或定语)287.Hismannersarerough,butheisakindmanatheart.(“在本质上,在内心深处”,相当于inreality,inone..sinmostfeeling;亦可表示“关心,想到”,如haveanother..sinterestsatheart)Theyareaskedtolearntherulesbyheart.(“靠记忆”,常同learn,know,get等连用)288.Somepeoplearequick-temperedbynature.“(天生地”,如generousbynature,cruelbynature)Itisachangeinnature.这是性质上的变化。(“性质上的”,作后置定语;亦可表示“在世界上,在任何地方”,如theprettiestgirlinnature(世界上最漂亮的姑娘;还可表示“究竟,完全”,相当于onearth,用以加强语气,如Whatinnaturedoesshewant?)Herrequestwasinthenatureofacommand.她的请求简直像命令。(“属..的性质, 类似”,作后置定语或表语,如beinthenatureofadogtobefaithfultoitsmaster)Itisnotinhisnaturetobejealousofotherpeople..sgoodfortune.(“是..的本性”)大学英语语法———讲座与测试(第二版)883附录一英语貌合神离句与特殊难点例讲评289.She..sonthewaytosuccess.(“接近,正在走向”,如onthewaytobecomeaskilledworker)Christmasisontheway.(“即将来到”,亦可表示“即将送到,在..的路上,如onthewayhome)InawayIagreewithyourestimateofthesituation.(“在某种程度上,有几分”)290.Thereweretenofthemintheboatandtheyrowedbyturns.(“轮流地,交替地”,相当于alternately;亦可表示“一阵..一阵..,一时..一时..”,如feelcheerfulandsadbyturns,gohotandcoldbyturns)Wewentinturntobeexaminedbythedoctor.(“依次地”,相当于oneafteranother,in properorder)JimstayedwithMarytillmidnight,comfortingherandbeingcomfortedinturn.(“转而,反过来,又对..做同样的事”)291.Sheiscleverwithherhands.(“善于使用”,后接工具、器械或人体器官,如hand等)He..scleveratpainting.(“擅长于..”,后接名词或动名词)292.ThebookisacomprehensivestudyoftheAmericanhistory.(“全面的,综合的”)Whathesaidisnotcomprehensibletoordinaryminds.(“可以理解的,好懂的”)293.Herworkisconcernedwiththepreparationofthedocument.(“与..有关,有牵连”,相当于havesomethingtodowith,involvedin)Shefeltveryconcernedfor(about,over)hissafety.(对..关心,担忧,相当worriedabout)294.Thewingofabirdcorrespondstothearmofaman.鸟的翅膀相当于人的手臂。(“相当于,等于”,意为beequivalentto,besimilarto)Icorrespondedwithhimabouthisbusiness.(“与..有通信往来”)Thejobcorrespondswith(to)hisinterests.(“相符,一致”,这种用法可用with或to) 295.Thegeneralhasmanydeadlyenemies.(“不共戴天的,令人受不了的”,如thedeadlysmell令人难闻的气味,不可用deathly)Themanisdeathlyill.(“非常,极”,用作副词,可同deadly换用,如deathlyordeadlydull;亦可表示“致命的,死一般的”,可用deadly换用,如deathlyordeadlypale,deathlyordeadlydisease)296.Tom..smistakecosthimdear.汤姆的错误使他付出了很大代价。(作副词,“昂贵地,付、花很高代价”,常同sell,pay,cost,buy连用,如buycheapandselldear贱买贵卖,paydearfor,sellthegoodsverydear)Shedearlylovestogobacktoherhometown.(作副词,“非常,深深地”,如lovesb.dearly深深地爱着某人;亦可表示“付出很大代价,相当于atgreatcost,这种意义上可同dear换用,如paydearlyordearforone..smistakes,beboughtdearlyorbeboughtdear)297.Heisquitedecidedaboutit.(“坚决的,果断的”,指人,作表语或定语,如adecided man,inadecidedmanner,bedecidedinone..sanswer;亦可表示“肯定的,明确的”,指物,如adecidedanswer一个确定无疑的答复,adecideddifferencebetweenthetwo两者之间的明显差别)Thisisthedecisivefactortohissuccess.这是他成功的决定性因素。(“决定性的”,指物,如adecisivebattle,adecisivechange,adecisivemove;亦可表示“果断的”,指人,这种意义上可同decided换用,如adecisiveperson,giveadecisiveanswer)298.Itisadelightfulevening.(“令人高兴的,怡人的”,作定语或表语,主语是物,如adelightfulchat,Themusicisdelightfultome.)Fatherisdelightedwithmypaper.(“对..感到高兴”,一般作表语,主语是人,后可接介词、不定式或that从句,如delightedatthenews,delightedwithsb.,delightedtoreceiveone..sletter,bedelightedthatoneissuccessful)新/世/纪/英/语/丛/书884附 录299.Wisdomdiffersfromcunning.(“与..不同”,这种意义上不可用with,如differsharplyfrom,differgreatlyfrom,differfromsb.inmanyrespects)Hedifferswith(from)heronthatmatter.(“持不同意见,有分歧”,这种意义上可同from换用,如differwith/fromsb.aboutoversth.)300.Hedirectedhisenergiestoimprovingconditions.(“把精力、注意力贯注于,把目标、方向指给”,这种意义上不可用at,如directsb.tothestation(为..指点去车站的路),directone..sattentiontosth.)Thiswarningisdirectedat(to)him.(“话、文章等针对,把枪、炮等对准”,这种意义上可同to换用,如directthegunat/tothewindow,directone..sremarksat/tosb.)301.Hewasverydisappointedat(about)losingtherace.(后接事物名词、动名词短语或what从句,但不接指人的名词或代词,如disappointedat/abouttheresult)Theyweredisappointedwith(in)thenewmanager.(后接指人的名词或代词;但亦可接事物名词,这时可同at和about换用,如disappointedwith/in/at/aboutsb...swork) 302.Noonecandowithoutsleepforverylong.(“不要,没有..也行”,相当于getalongwithout,dispensewith,giveup,如dowithoutaholiday,dowithoutluxuries,dowithouttheserviceofasecretary)Theywanttodoawaywiththeoldregulations.(“废除,结束”,相当于putanendto,abolish;亦可表示“杀掉,弄死”,相当于kill,如doawaywiththeenemy/oneself)303.Thosewhodogoodwillfindpeace.(“做好事,行善”,可同much,alotof连用,后可接for,句子的主语一般是人,如doalotofgoodforthepeople)Adayinthecountrywilldoyougood.(“对..有益处”,相当于benefitsb.,亦可说dogoodtosb.,句子主语一般是物)304.Sheboughtanelectricblanketyesterday.她昨天买了一条电热毯。(“电动的,带电的”,指由电操作或由电产生的,如electriclight,electriciron)Heisanelectricalengineer.他是一位电气工程师。(“与电有关的”,所修饰的名词本身一 般不带电,如anelectricbook一本电学方面的书)305.AlbertEinsteinemigratedfromGermanytotheUnitedStates.(离开本国移往国外,与from和to连用)Johndecidedtoimmigrateintoourcountrynextyear.(从异地他乡移入,同to或into连用)Somebirdsmigratetothesouthinwinter.有些鸟冬天飞往南方。(“迁移,移栖”,指氏族、部落的移居或鸟类的迁移)306.Thebattleendedinavictory(failure)(“以..为结果,告终”)Sheendedherownlifebykillingherself.(by表示方式、手段)307.Thesechildrenareexceedinglywellbehaved.(“非常、极其”,相当于extremely,verymuch)Thepricesatthishotelareexcessivelyhigh.(“过分地、过度地”,相当于too)308.Otherexhibitsincludepaintingsandphotosshowingthelifeofthepeople.(“展品,陈列品”,亦可指小型展览会)Intheafternoonshewenttoanexhibitionofmodernart.(指大型的“展览会” ,亦可表示“表演赛、展出”,如aboxingexhibition拳击表演赛,holdexhibitionmatches,handicraftsonexhibition展出手工艺品)309.Thisexplanationisfarfromsatisfactory.(“远远不、完全不”,有否定意味,后接形容词、代词、名词、动名词,如farfromafool,farfrombeingafailure)Thegunswerefetchedfromfar.(“从远方”,far为名词)大学英语语法———讲座与测试(第二版)885附录一英语貌合神离句与特殊难点例讲评310.Oneofmyfavouritesayingsis“Thereisnosmokewithoutfire”.(作形容词,意为“最喜欢的”;亦可作名词,意为“最喜欢的人或物,宠儿”,如beafavouritewith/ofone..smother)AtradepacthasbeensignedgrantingChinathemostfavourednationtreatment.(“受优惠的,优惠的”)Shemadeafavourableimpressiononthemanager.(“良好的,有利的”,如the favourableweather,thefavourableremarksabout;亦可表示“赞同”,作表语,如befavourabletotheproposal)311.Shelivesinaflatforthemoment.(“目前、暂时”,常用于一般现在时)I..mbusyatthemoment.(“此刻”,在过去时中意为“那时”)Hewillbebackinamoment.(“马上,立即”,同非延续性动词连用)Pleasewaithereforamoment.(“一会儿”,同延续性动词连用)312.ShallIgoforadoctorforyou?(“去请医生”,为他人看病)Youlookpale,andyou..dbettergotoadoctor.(自己“去看病”)313.Don..tgotothetroubletopersuadehim.It..useless.不要在费心劝他了,没有用。(“费心,不辞劳苦”,亦可说takethetrouble,后接不定式或of短语)Ifhegetsintotrouble,itisyourresponsibility.(“招致麻烦、不幸、陷入困境”,同dispute,difficulty等连用)314.Thesoldiersfoughthandtohand.(“短兵相接,逼近地”)Theywalkedalongtheroadhandinhand.(“手拉着手”;亦可作“联合地”解, 如Theoryshouldgohandinhandwithpractice.)315.Shecameincompanywithsomegirls.(“和..一起”)Thedelegationvisitedthecityinthecompanyoftheprimeminister.(“在..的陪同下”)Behaveyourselfincompany.在众人面前规矩些。(“在公众面前”)316.Hehasjustwrittenalongpoeminmemoryofthefamousscientist.(“纪念”)Tothememoryofthosewhodiedintheanti-fascistwar.(“谨以此书或此片献给..”)317.CanyoulistthekingsofEnglandbyname?(“按名字,名字叫,凭名字”,如Jackbyname名叫杰克,knowsb.byname知道某人的名字)SheknewagentlemanbythenameofBaxter.(“名叫..的”,亦作underthenameof或ofthenameof,后接人的姓名,作后置定语)Heisascholarinnamebutnotinfact.他是个徒有虚名的学者。(“有名无实的,名义上的”,ademocracyinname,bemarriedinname)Iarrestyouinthenameofthelaw.(“以..的名义,代表..”,如inthenameoftheking 以国王的名义,亦可说insb...sname;若后接God,Heaven,Goodness,则意为“到底,究竟”,表示惊异情绪,如WhatinthenameofHeavenareyoudoinghere?)MarianEvanswroteunderthenameofGeorgeEliot.(“以..为笔名”)318.Itwillnotbeinplacetoraisetheissueatthemeeting.(作表语,“恰当的,适当的”;亦可表示“在适当或原来的位置”,作表语或状语,如likeeverythingtobeinplace,leaveeverythinginplace)TheChineseusechopsticksinplaceofknivesandforks.(“代替”,相当于insteadof,作状语)319.Inpointofcost,thefirstplanisthebetter.(“就..来说,从..上看”)Wewereonthepointoftelephoningyouwhenyourtelegramarrived.(作表语,“正要..,即将,接近”,如onthepointofdeath,onthepointofgoing)320.Heisamanoftheworld.他是个老于世故的人。(相当于worldly)Shelooksforalltheworldlikehermother.她简直跟她母亲一模一样。(“完全,一点不差”; 在否定句中作“无论如何”解,如won..tdoitforalltheworld)新/世/纪/英/语/丛/书886附录321.Therewasnotahouseinview.(“可以看见”,亦可表示“在考虑中,意在”,如haveaplaninview考虑一项计划)Inviewoffacts,itseemsuselesstocontinue.(“鉴于,由..看来”,相当于considering)Hewrotewithaviewofearningmoney.(“为的是,为了”;亦可用to,后接动名词或名词)322.We..vekeptupourfriendshipforovertwentyyearsnow.(“继续,维持”;亦可表示“斗志、价格等不低落”,如Theirspiritkeptupinspiteofthehardships.)Thepriceshavekeptup.物价一直在上涨。Wemustkeepupwiththetimes.(“跟上,与..同步前进”,如keepupwiththem,keepupwithmedicaldevelopment)323.Thereisalimittomypatience.(“限度、界限、极限”,如setalimitto对..加以限制,know nolimits)Awisemanknowshislimitations.聪明人自知自己的缺陷。(指受条件、环境等因素的“限制”,作可数名词或不可数名词)324.Weshouldmakethebestofourtime.(“充分利用”)Withherindomitablespiritshegotthebestofherdisease.她以坚强不屈的意志战胜了疾病。(“胜过,战胜,占优势”,如getthebestofsb.byaclevertrick以智取胜;亦可说getthebetterof)325.You..dbettertellhimnottomaketrouble.(“捣乱,制造麻烦”)Youneednottakethetroubletodothat.(“不怕麻烦,费心”,如takethetroubleaboutsth.,takethetroubleofdoingsth.)326.We..dbettergothroughwiththework,Jane,nowthatwe..vebegun.(“既然”,相当于since)Ihavenothingagainsther,onlythatIdislikehermanner.(“除..之外,要不是”,引导条件状语从句,相当于exceptthat) 327.Theplanisontheboard.(“在会上讨论”,相当于bediscussedatameeting)Helenisnowontheboards.(“当演员,演出”)Theysetsailafterthepassengerscameonboardtheship.(“在船、飞机、车上”)328.Weareproudofourcountry.(“为..自豪”,用于褒义)Thereisnothingtobeproudabout.没有什么值得骄傲的。(“对..洋洋得意”,用于贬义)329.Thetrainwasgoingattherateof160milesanhour.(“比率,变率,速率”,侧重指各种百分率,如betaxedattherateof15%以15%的税率纳税)Mixsandandcementintheratiooftwotoone.按两份黄沙对一份水泥的比例拌和。(“比例,比价”)330.Theyarereadyforthetrip.(“准备好干什么”,相当于readytodosth.,如readyfordistribution,readyforpacking)Heisalwaysreadywithexcuses.他总是有借口。(“准备好所要说的话”,后接reply,excuse,answer,explanation。suggestion等) 331.Theyarenowintherestroomofthestation.(“休息室”,亦表示“共公厕所”)Thatresthouseisquiteclean.(“招待所”,亦作“别墅”解)332.Sheissatisfiedwithyouranswer.(“对..满意”,后接人或事物名词,相当于pleasedwith)Sheissatisfiedofyourabilitytowritethepaper.(“确信”,后接事物名词或抽象名词,相当于sureof)333.Shesetaboutwritingthepoem.(“开始,着手”,后接动名词)Shesetouttoclimbthehill.(“开始,着手”,后接不定式)334.Helovestoshowoffhislearning.(“卖弄,炫耀”,用于贬义)Attimeslikethesethetruecharacterofthemanshowsup.(“显露出来,显示出来”)大学英语语法———讲座与测试(第二版)887附录一英语貌合神离句与特殊难点例讲评335. Heisshyof(with)strangers.他在陌生人面前怕难为情。(“在..面前怕羞”,这种意义上可同with换用;shyof亦可表示“对..有顾虑,对..感到怀疑,缺少”,如shyofdoingit对做那件事有顾虑,shyofthissortofman对这种人有怀疑,shyofmoney缺钱)Thegirlshiedawayfromlookingthestrangemanintheeye.(“由于害羞、顾虑等而避免做某事”,相当于avoiddoingsth.outofshynessorfear.etc.)336.Thegirlisobviouslysickforhome.(“渴望,盼望”)Hewassickoflyinginbed.(“对某人、某事或做什么事感到厌恶或不耐烦”)Johnissickwithafever.(“患..病”,亦可表示对某人感到不高兴,如sickwithhimforbeinglate)337.Shesticksatherworktenhoursaday.(“坚持”工作、学习等,后接名词、代词或动名词)Studentsmuststicktotherule.(“坚持”立场、观点、原则等,后接名词;亦可表示“坚守”岗位,“信守”合同、诺言,“忠于”某人,“粘在..上”)338.Thethiefwassurprisedbythepolice.(“被意外地”捉住、撞见、遇见)Iamnotsurprisedathisdoingsuchathing.(“对..感到惊奇”)339.Nobodytookanynoteofwhathesaid.(“注意”,相当于payattentionto) Hetooknotesofeverythingtheprofessorsaid.(把..记下来,记笔记)Takenote,thetrainiscoming.(“注意,留心”,相当于takecare,独立使用,也可接不定式或that从句)340.Hetookgreatpainstoexplaintheruleclearly.(“尽力,费心,特别注意”,后接不定式或with短语,如takepainswithone..swork工作非常刻苦)Shehaspainsintheleg.(“..痛”,亦可说haveapain,后常接in+身体部位名词,如leg,arm,foot等)341.Hertroubledlookfrightenedme.(“忧虑的,不安的”,指神色、表情等,相当于worried)Heisatroublesomechild.(“令人烦恼的,令人讨厌的”;亦可表示“困难的”,如thetroublesomeproblem)342.Heusuallytunesinto(on)BBC.(“收听,收看”)Thepolicyisquiteintunewiththeneedsofthepeople.(“与..一致,协调”)343.Shekeepsabookunderherarm.(“在..腋下”)Shehasachildinherarms.(“怀里搂抱着”) 344.Thebridgeisunderrepair.(“在修理中”,相当于beingrepaired)Theykeepthehighwayin(good)repair.(“处于良好状态”,常用ingoodrepair,同inbadrepair或outofrepair相对)345.Thecatlikestositinthesun.(“在阳光下,晒太阳”,如Don..treadinthesun.)Iamsureshehasvisitedeverycountryunderthesun.(“全世界的,在任何地方”,亦可用于加强语气,意为“究竟,到底”,WhereunderthesuncouldIhaveputthebook?)346.Theboatwentupanddownontheroughsea.(副词词组,“上上下下地,来回地,到处”,如walkupanddown,lookforsb.upanddown;亦可表示“彻底地,完全地”,如knowsth.upanddown)Lifeisfullofupsanddowns.人生充满苦和乐。(名词词组。“盛衰,成败”,前可加the,this,my等限定词,如sufferthoseupsanddowns)347.Shehaslostavaluablering.(“贵重的,值钱的,令人钦佩的”,如amostvaluablewriter.) Thefriendshipofthetwocountriesisoldandvalued.(“受重视的,被珍视的”;亦可表示“经估价的,已有评价的”,如apaintingvaluedatonethousanddollars.)新/世/纪/英/语/丛/书888附录348.Hervariablemoodisrathertroublesome.(“多变的,反复无常的”,如thevariableweather.)Thetaskwasdifficultforvariousreasons.(“各种各样的,种种”,强调多,后接复数名词)Thenewswegetisveryvaried.(“各不相同的,变化很多的”,接复数名词或单数名词,强调不同,如leadavariedlife,haveavariedcareer;various和varied二者有时可换用,但强调点不同,如Theiropinionsarevarious/varied)349.Peoplevaryverymuchintheirideas.(“在..方面不同”,相当于differ)Thepricesofgoodsvarywiththereason.(“随..而不同,改变”)Thefilmvariesfromtheoriginal.(“与..不同”;亦可表示“违反”,如varyfromtherule/thelawofnature) 350.Theoldmanwasvisitedbymanytroubles.(“使遭受,灾难等降临到”)Afterthemeeting,wevisitedwiththewriterforawhile.(“同..交谈或聊天”,相当于chatwith或talkwith;亦可表示“访问、探视”,如visitwithone..sparents)351.Thisfailuremaywakeherup.(“使醒悟”)Atlasthewokeuptothedangerhewasin.(“认识到,意识到”,相当于realize;亦可表示“使..认识到”,如wakesb.tothepossibilitiesof)352.Heisfaithfulinwordanddeed.他言行忠实。(“在口头上”,如afriendinword口头上的朋友;与实义动词连用时,亦可用withwords,如admitone..smistakesinword/withwords)Inaword,Idon..ttrusthim.(“总之”)353.Theytookaturnintheyardbeforegoingtobed.(“转一圈”)Theytookturnsintheyardatkeepingwatch.(“轮流”)354.Healwayspaysattentiontoothers..privateaffairs.(“注意”)Healwayspaysattentionstobeautifulgirls.(“向..献殷勤”)355. Hekeptthegardenwellbyart.(用“人工”)Hedeceivedtheyouthbyarts.(用“诡计”)356.Shehasthelastwordinorderinggoods.(“作最后决定,有决定权”)Shehadherlastwordsanddied.(“讲了些临终的话”)357.Heraisedhishandattheenemy.他举起手,向敌人击去。Heraisedhishandstotheenemy.他举起手向敌人投降。358.Shehasnoonetakecareofher.她不让别人照顾她。(has为使役动词,相当于make,let,意为“使、让”;takecareofher为宾语补足语)Shehasnoonetotakecareofher.她无人照顾。(has意为“有”,无使役意义,totakecareofher作定语,修饰one)359.Shehadthemachinerunalldaylong.(run为动词原形,相当于makethemachinerun,machine是run动作的执行者)Shehadtheshoprunalldaylong.(run为过去分词,shop是run动作的承受者)360.Atthedoortherearetwowomenwaitingforyou.( 只说明一个事实:门口有两个人在等你)Atthedoortherearetwowomenwhoarewaitingforyou.(不仅说明一个事实,而且含有个人的感情色彩:希望你快点去接待她们。) 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