中考英语语法基础知识复习讲练——名词 5页

名词有关名词的重要考点：（一）名词作定语：1.Tomisan(八岁大)boy.2.Iwillhaveaholidaysoon.A.four-daysB.four-dayC.fourdaysD.fourdayE.fourdays’3.It’soverfromHandantoBeijing.A.threehours’driveB.threehour’sdriveC.threehours’drives4.数字+more+名词=another+数字+名“又、再”Thedoctorworkedforaftertwelveo’clock.A.twomorehoursB.twoanotherhourC.moretwohours（二）名词所有格：a、两者共有在后边一个加“’s”；b、两者各自所有加两个“’s”1.Tom’scarismorebeautifulthan.A.hisbrother’sandsisterB.hisbrother’sandsister’sC.hisbrother2.fathercan’tgotothemeeting,becausehehasgonetoWuhan.A.TomandMike’sB.Tom’sandMike’sC.TomandMike（三）名词前的修饰词：a、可数名词前用：a(an),one,two,many,afew,few,several,anumberof+名复,some,any,alotof=lotsof.b、不可数名词用：alittle,little,some,any,much,alotof=lotsof.会区分：afew,few+可复；alittle,little+不可加a表肯定，不加a表否定。1.Therearefewinthefridge.Let’sgoandbuysomepotatoes,carrots.A.eggsB.meatC.vegetablesD.fruit2.MrCartisverybusywithhiswork.Hehastimetoreadbooks.A.littleB.fewC.alittleD.afew（四）一些特殊的名词：advice建议（不可数），someadvice，apieceofadvice，news消息（不可数），apieceofnews，physics物理（用单谓），orange桔汁---anorange一个桔子，room空间---aroom房间，glass玻璃---aglass一个玻璃杯，chicken鸡肉，小鸡，fun不可数。Fun可数第-5-页共5页 1.Atthebeginningofnewterm,ourEnglishteachergaveusonhowtolearnEnglish.A.anadviceB.advicesC.muchadviceD.manyadvices2.Iwilltellyou.A.agoodnewsB.apieceofgoodnews3.Swimmingisinsummer.A.agreatfunB.greatfunC.greatfuns（五）voice、sound、noise的区别。Job、work的区别Don’tmakesomuch.Thebabyissleeping.---Whomadeaphonecallformejustnow?---Idon’tknow,butitwasagirls.Atthefootofthehillyoucouldhearnothingbuttheoftherunningwater.基础知识：分类：①专有名词；②普通名词（可数、不可数）；③名词的数：可数与不可数；④名词所有格：of、’s；⑤作用：作主语，定语。（一）分类：专有名词：地点，机构，国家，地区的名称，大写第一个字母，不加冠词：如：tom、china、may。注意：由有普通名词构成的专有名词加the如：theYellowRiver、theSummerPalace、theGreatWall。（二）词的数：普通名词分为可数和不可数。可数与变复数的规则：1.一般加s.book(s)desk(s)、bag(s)2.以s.x.sh.ch结尾加es(iz)but(es)、box(es)、wish(es)、watch(es)、brush(rs)。特殊：stomach(k)—复数stomachs。3.以辅+y变y为i加escityladyfamily.元音字母+y+sboy(s)4.以f、fe结尾的把f、fe结尾变ves：thief、leaf、knife、wolf、wife、life、shelf.5.以元音字母+o+s：zoo(s)、radio(s)、photo(s)。以辅音字母+o+es：tomatoes、potatoes、heroes、Negroes。6.不规则：child—childrenfoot—feettooth—teethmouse—miceman—menwoman—women7.单、复同形：deer、sheep、fish、Chinese、Japanese。8.总用复数：people、police，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。（三）不可数名词的数：物质名词：water、milk、rice、meet、bread抽象名词：fun、news、music、knowledge、information、advice第-5-页共5页 不可数名词不和a(an)连用：但some、much、little、any、alotof可与不可数名词连用。量的表示用：数词+量词+of+名词如：abottleoforange.twocupsoftea.apieceofadvice.adropofwater.（四）名词所有格：1.…的，用of(无生命的)：amapofChina、thelargesofthetree。2.有生命的用’s：Tom’sbook、theteacher’sdesk。注意：it’s=itisits它的都不是所有格3.以s结尾的复数名词只加’Teacher’Day以s结尾的单数名词加’sthedress’scolour4.表时间、距离、国家、团体等无生命的东西用’stoday’snewspaper5.共用和不共有6.所有格后是地点时可省掉地点atthedoctor’s在诊所atTom’s在汤姆家7.双重所有格：He’safriendofLiMing’s（五）名词的作用：1.作主语：a.表时间、金钱、距离的名词加s后应看成一个整体，谓语用单数twentyyearsisalongtime.b.名词加介词（with,except）作主语时，谓语根据名词而定.Theteacherwiththestudentsisplantingtrees.2.作定语：a.用单数形式computer、game、ice、cream、space、ship.b.用manwoman作定语时，其本身的单，复形式与被修饰的词一致awomanteacher、–womanteachers（六）常见考点：某国人：I’mEnglish.I’mChinese.I’manEnglishman.I’mChineseman.German(s)德国人—German德国。American—AmericaIndia—IndianAustralia—Australian练习第-5-页共5页 1.WhatcanIdoforyou,sir?—I’dliketwo.A.bottleofmilkB.bottlesofmilksC.bottlesofmilkD.bottleofmilks2.MrsGreenismother.A.MaryandKateB.Mary’sandKate’sC.Mary’sandKateD.MaryandKate’s3.traminNo.4Middleschoolusedtohelpwiththeirtraining.A.Boy’s,thegirlsB.Boy’s,thegirlC.Theboy’s,thegirls4.Thenewsformymother.A.areB.wereC.beD.is5.Allmyclassmates,exceptWuLin,interestedinsingingEnglishsongs.A.isB.amC.areD.be6.Myschoolisabouttwentywalkfromhere.A.minuteB.minutes’C.minute’sD.minutes7.I’mafraidthatthereisnoforyouinmycar.A.landB.groundC.roomD.floor8.Alotofstonetablesandchairsareoftheriverandthenumberfthemisgrowing.A.onbothside,greaterB.oneachsides,moreC.onbothsides,larger9.LiQing’shandwritingisbetterthananyotherinhisclass.A.studentsB.studentC.student’sD.students’10.wenttoBeijingforaholiday.A.ThesmithsB.Thesmith’sC.ThesmitbD.smiths11.It’swalkfrommyhometoschool.A.twohoursandahalfB.twoandahalfhours’C.twoandahalfhour’s12.Therearemorethan100andtwoinschool.A.manteachers,schoolsfactoriesB.womanteachers,schoolfactoriesC.menteachers,schoolfactoriesD.womansteachers,schoolfactories13.You’dbetternotmakesomuch.Theboyissleeping.A.thingsB.mistakesC.voiceD.noise14.Look!Thosethreearetalkingwiththethree.A.Englishmen,GermanB.Englishmans,GermansC.Englishmen,Germans15.MissSmithisafriendof.A.Mary’smother’sB.Mary’smotherC.Marymother’s第-5-页共5页 16.Achildasksallkindsofwhileheisgrowingup.A.troublesB.mattersC.problemsD.questions17.Pleasekeepquiet.Ifyoumakealotof,youmaydisturbothers.A.voiceB.noiseC.soundD.singing18.Ihearwewillhaveaholidayin.A.twoday’s,twoday’stimeB.two-day,twoday’stimeC.two-day,twodays’time19.Yesterdaymymotherboughttwoandseveral.A.pairsofshoe,chickenB.pairsofshoes,chickensC.pairofshoes,chickens第-5-页共5页