2013年中考英语语法精讲精练情态动词 6页

第九章：情态动词情态动词包括:can,may,must,need,dare,should,beableto.情态动词后加动词原形.can的用法（一）能力类1.-Where"sMrLee?Ihavesomethingunusualtotellhim.-You________findhim.He________Japan.A.maynot;hasgonetoB.maynot;hasbeentoC.can"t;hasgonetoD.can"t;hasbeento2.-Finishdrawingahorseintenminutes.OK?-Sorry.It________insuchashorttime.A.maydoB.can"tbedoneC.mustdoD.needn"tbedone3.Ihavemyownroominmyhouse,soI________dowhatIwantinit.4.A.mustB.havetoC.needtoD.can4.________youmendmycar?I______notstartit.A.Would;wouldB.Must;mustC.Can;canD.May;may5.________sheridewhenshewasthreeyearsold?A.CanB.CouldC.NeedD.May6.Theboy________answerthiskindofhardquestionsoneyearago.A.canB.mayC.could在这一用法中,can表示能力,意思是"能,会",其否定式can"t表示"不能"。在过去时中用could和couldn"t。答案为:1.C2.B3.D4.C5.B，could为过去式6.C，could为过去式（二）推测类7.Whoisthemanoverthere?IsitMrLi?-No,it________behim.MrLiismuchtaller.A.mustn"tB.maynotC.can"tD.needn"t8.-Listen!Someoneissinginginthenextroom.Who________itbe?IsitWeiFang?第-6-页共6页 -No.It________beher.Sheisatschoolnow.A.will;maynotB.must;mustn"tC.may;can"tD.may;won"t9.-IsMrHuinthereadingroom?-No,he________bethere.HehasgonetoTianjin.A.mustn"tB.needn"tC.won"tD.can"t10.Class3wonthefootballmatch!________itbetrue?A.MayB.MustC.WillD.Can解析：在这一用法中,can意为"可能",表示客观可能性,常常用于疑问句和否定句中。答案为:7.C8.C9.D10.D（一）请求许可11.-CouldIlookatyourpictures?-Yes,ofcourseyou________.A.couldB.canC.willD.might12.________youpassmeapen?I"dliketowritedownthetelephonenumber.A.NeedB.Could　C.MustD.Should解析：在这一用法中,can和could都表示现在,用could比用can语气更加委婉客气,常用CouldI/you...?句式,表示"我/你能……吗?"若表示同意要用can,不用could，答案为:11.B12.Bmay的用法（一）请求许可类1.-________Ihaveyourname,please?-Yes,Michael.M-I-C-H-A-E-L.A.MustB.WillC.MayD.Need2.-MayIgotothecinema,dad?-No,you________.Youmustfinishyourhomeworkfirst.A.mustn"tB.won"t　C.don"tD.needn"t3.-MayIsmokehere?-________,you________.Itcanbedangerous.A.Yes;canB.No;can"t第-6-页共6页 C.Yes;mayD.No,needn"t解析：在这一用法中,may表示许可或征询对方许可,表示"可以"的意思,常常与第一人称I连用,构成MayI...?句式,表示"我可以……吗?"肯定回答用Yes,youmay.;Yes,please.等;否定回答用No,youcan"t.或No,youmustn"t.,不用No,youmaynot.答案为:1.C2.A3.B（一）可能性类4.You________goandaskMeimei.She________knowtheanswer.A.must;canB.must;mayC.need;canD.can;may5.Lookout!Theknifeisverysharp.You________cutyourfinger.A.needB.mustC.shouldD.may解析：在这一用法中,may表示可能性,意思是"也许","可能",通常用于肯定句中。答案为:4.D5.DMust的用法（一）义务类1.-MayIgotothecinema,Mum?-Certainly.Butyou________bebackby11o"clock.A.canB.mayC.mustD.need2.-SARSissuchaterribledisease.-Yes,itis.We________bemorecareful.A.canB.mayC.mustD.need3.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbish________intotheriver.A.needn"tbethrown　B.mustn"tbethrownC.can"tthrow　D.maynotthrow4.Thesebooks________outofthereadingroom.Youhavetoreadthemhere.A.can"ttakeB.mustbetaken　C.cantakeD.mustn"tbetaken5.Cars,busesandbikes________stopwhentrafficlightschangetored.A.canB.mayC.mustD.need解析：在这一用法中,must意为"必须","应该",表示必须要做的事,其否定式mustn"t表示禁止,即不许对方做某事，答案为:1.C2.C3.B4.D5.C（二）must和haveto的用法区别类第-6-页共6页 6.-Canyougoswimmingwithusthisafternoon?　-Sorry,Ican"t.I________takecareofmylittlesisterathomebecausemymotherisill.A.canB.may　C.wouldD.haveto解析：must表示说话人的主观看法,而haveto表示客观的需要,意思是"不得不"，答案为:6.D（一）must疑问回答类7.-MustIfinishtheworkbeforefiveo"clock?-No,you________.A.needn"tB.mustn"tC.haveto8.-________Icomebackbeforefiveo"clock?-No,you________.Butyou________bebacklaterthanseveno"clock.A.Need;must;mustn"t　B.May;mustn"t;can"tC.Can;can"t;can"t　D.Must;needn"t;can"t9.-MustIcleantheroomrightnow?-No,you________.You________cleanitafterlunch.A.needn"t;can　B.needn"t;mayC.mustn"t;canD.mustn"t;may解析：回答must开头的一般疑问句,如果是否定的回答,要用needn"t或don"thaveto,表示"不必","没有必要"的意思,不用mustn"t,因为mustn"t表示禁止或不许,意思是"一定不要"的意思。答案为7.A8.D9.B（二）推测类10.Susan"sparentshaveboughtalargehousewithaswimmingpool.It____beveryexpensive.A.mustB.canC.mustn"tD.can"t11.Thisbook________Lucy"s.Look!Hernameisonthebookcover.A.mustbeB.maybe　C.can"tbeD.mustn"tbe答案为:10.A11.Aneed和dare的用法（一）情态动词类1.Ateacher__doeveryexercise,butapupil___.第-6-页共6页 Aneedn’t;mustBmaynot;mustCneedn’t;needn’tDcan’t;must2.You___tothemeetingthisafternoonifyouhavesomethingimportanttodo.Aneedn’ttocomeBdon’tneedcomeCdon’tneedcomingDneedn’tcome3.She______inpulic.A.doesn"tdarespeakB.daren"ttospeakC.doesn"tdarespeakingD.daren"tspeak解析：need与dare作情态动词时后面直接加动词原形，否定直接在need和dare后加not，没有人称与数的变化，即无论主语是he还是she，情态动词都用原形，答案为：1.A2.D3.D(二)实意动词类4.He______sometimetorestbecausehefeelsthirstyandhungry.A.needB.needsC.needingD.needed5.I_______acar,thebikeisgoodforme.A.don"tneedbuyB.don"tneedtobuyC.needn"ttobuyD.needn"tbuying6.He_______anydifficultsituation.AdaresfaceB.daretofaceC.darefacingD.darestoface解析：need与dare可当作实义动词使用,这时need与dare就象其他动词一样,有第三人称,单复数,后面加带to的动词等特性。答案为：4.B5.B6.Dbeableto类（一）与can、could互换类1.I"mabletoswiminthatriver.(选同义词)A,canB.couldC.mustD.may2.Hewasabletowrite3000characterswhenhewassixyears.A.canB.couldC.mayD.need解析：beableto表“能会”，后面加动词原形，在一般现在时中可与can互换，在一般过去时中可与could互换，beableto的一般现在时形式为：am、is、areableto，一般过去时形式为：was、wereableto；答案为：1.A2.B(三)八种时态类3.He________runatrainwhenhefinisheshistraininginthatcollege.第-6-页共6页 A.canB.willcanC.isabletoB.willbeableto4.He________sing30songswhenhewasfive.A.canB.havecouldC.hasbeenabletoD.hadbeenableto解析：beableto可用于八种时态中，但can不可以；答案为：3.B4.D(根据后面whenhewasfive中的was可以判断是过去的事，他能唱30首歌是在五岁以前，故应选过去完成时)Should的用法(一)推断类1.-----WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.----They_____bereadyby12:00."A.canB.shouldC.mightD.need解析：should表示推断。表示推断。意为“应该”、“可能”：Theyshouldbetherebynow,Ithink.我想现在他们都已经到了。Theconcertshouldbegreatfun.音乐会应该很有意思。Thepoemsshouldbeoutinamonthorso.个把月之后这些诗估计就可以出版了。Withanearlystartheshouldbeherebynoon.动身得早，他中午就该到这里了。【注】should表示推断时，语气较肯定，通常是指非常可能的事(因为暗示有一定的事实依据或合乎常理)，而may,might,could等表示推测时，则语气较不肯定，尤其是might,could。在四个备选项中，A、B和C均表示推测，但A通常不用于肯定句中表示推测，故不宜选；B和C虽均可用于肯定句表示推测，但根据对话情景顾客下午要照片，如果店主中午12点还不能把照片冲洗出来，那么生意肯定难做成，所以店主应用肯定语气较强的12should(=应该)来回答顾客，而不是用语气较弱的might(=有可能)，即应选B不选C（二）建议或劝告类2.------Recently,Icoughverybadly.-----You_______giveupsmoking.A.canB.mayC.needD.should解析：should表示建议或劝告。其意为“应该”：Youshouldgoandaskyourteacher.你应该去问问老师。答案为：2.D第-6-页共6页