初中英语语法总复习时态 4页

动词时态：一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时1.一般现在时1. Weoften___________(play)intheplaygound.2.  He_________(get)upatsixo’clock.3.  __________you_________(brush)yourteetheverymorning.？4.  What        ___(do)heusually      ___(do)afterschool?..5.     Mikesometimes__________(go)totheparkwithhissister.6.     Ateightatnight,she__________(watch)TVwithhisparents.7.     ________Mike________(read)Englisheveryday?8.    Howmanylessons_________yourclassmate________(have)onMonday?9. Whattime_________hismother_________(do)the10.   Mydogrunsfast.（改为否定句、一般疑问句）11. Mikehastwolettersforhim.（改为否定句、一般疑问句）12.  IusuallyplayfootballonFridayafternoon.（改为否定句、一般疑问句并对划线部分提问）13. SuYangusuallywashessomeclothesonSaturday.（同上）14. Mingmingusuallywaterstheflowerseveryday（同上）15. Tomdoeshishomeworkathome.（同上）一般现在时的构成第三人称单数形式变化规则（1）一般动词在词尾加-s,在清辅音后读/s/,在浊辅音或元音后读/z/;在t后读/ts/,在d后读/dz/。例如：help→helps，swim→swims（2）以字母s,x,ch,sh结尾的动词加-es,读/iz/,在d后读/dz/.以o结尾的动词也加es，读/z/。例如：guess→guesses，teach→teaches，go→goes（3）以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加-es，读/z/。例如：fly→fliescarry→carries一般现在时的用法（1）表示经常发生或习惯性的动作或状态常与always，usually，often，sometimes，every day，once a week，yearly每年，monthly每月，等时间状语或频率副词连用。我们时常相互通信。（2）表示主语现在的性格、特征、能力他工作很努力。（3）表示客观事实或普遍用法太阳从东方升起。光传播的速度比声音快。（4）用于状语从句代替一般将来时常与连词：when,assoonas,before,after,until,if如果，等引导的时间状语或条件状语从句下周一他一来我就会告诉他这个消息。2，一般过去时 1.Isawhimthismorning.（改为否定句）2.Hecamelatethreetimesthisweek.（改为一般疑问句并回答）3.Jim camelate  threetimesthisweek.(分别对a,b,c,d提问)   a    b         c           d4.A．I_______(be)12lastyear.B．—_______(be)thedoctorinthehospitallastnight?—No,he_______________(benot).C.—What_______he_______(do)yesterday?—He_______(draw)somepicturesinthepark.5.A.______________asweateronthedeskjustnow.B.Therearesomechildrenintheaquariumnow.(用yesterday替换now)______________somechildrenintheaquariumyesterday.C.Thereweresomebuildingshereinthepast.(改为一般疑问句)_____________________buildingshereinthepast?一般过去式的构成规则动词过去式的构成（1）一般在动词原形末尾加-ed.结尾是e的动词直接加-d.例如:look→looked，play→played，live→lived，hope→hoped（2）末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed.例如：stop→stopped，plan→planned，trip→tripped（3）结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词，先变“y”为“i”再加-ed.例如:study→studied，carry→carried（4）词尾-ed的读音(5)不规则动词过去式常见的不规则动词的过去式有:am/is→was,are→were,go→went,have→had,do→did,get→got,come→came,say→said,see→sawput→put,eat→ate,take→took等详见课本后附录并熟记！一般过去时的用法(1).表示过去某一时间点发生的动作或所处的状态.他是一个小时以前到达学校的。(2).表示过去某一时间里反复出现的动作或状态.上初中时，他几乎每天都踢足球。(3).表示主语过去的特征或性格等.那时候，她的英语说得非常好。(4).一般过去时往往和明确的过去时间状语连用.如:yesterday,lastnight,twodays(months,weeks)ago,in1996,atthattime等,也常和when,if等引导的状语从句连用.昨天下午你打乒乓球了吗？我哥哥小时候每天都要工作12个小时。巩固性练习: 用动词的适当形式完成句子。1.I_______(get)twopostcardsfromherlastweek.2.They_______not_______(stay)therelongbecauseitwaslate.3.Who________(live)inthatroomlastweek?4.YesterdayI________(see)himinthestreet.5.______(be)headriverthreeyearsago?6.Hesaidhe______________(go)toNewYorknextmonth.7.I___________(do)myhomeworkwhenmymothercameback.8.Thestudents_____(be)notintheclassroomatthattime.9.____he______(play)basketballwithhissonyesterdayafternoon?10.I_______________(wash)mysportshoesjustthen.一般将来时1.一般将来时的构成a.will/shall+动词原形(备：在口语中，shall和will常缩写成""ll"，紧接在主语之后。其否定式shallnot和willnot的简略式分别为shan"t和won"t)b.begoingto+动词原形c.be+动词-ing形式（动词-ing形式通常是表示位置转移的动词，如arrive,come,go,leave,move,start,stay,get等）d.be+动词不定式（例：Youaretobebackbefore10:00p.m..你必须在上午10点前回来。表示按计划或正式安排将发生的事）2.用法表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。3常用结构①用于"祈使句+and+陈术句"中。Eg.Workhardandyouwillsucceed②与表示时间或条件的状语从句连用。Ifyouaskhim,hewillhelpyou.4.begoingto与will/shall,betodo,beabouttodo用法及区别：begoingto表示现在打算在最近或将来要做某事，这种打算往往经过事先考虑，甚至已做了某种准备；shall/willdo表示未事先考虑过，即说话时临时作出的决定。*begoingto表将来，不能用在条件状语从句的主句中；而will则能，表意愿。如：Ifitisfine,we’llgofishing.(正确)Ifitisfine,wearegoingtogofishing.(错误)*betodosth.表按计划、安排即将发生的动作，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止，可能性等。Ameetingistobeheldat3:00o’clockthisafternoon.*beabouttodosth.表示“即可，就要”，后面不能接时间状语或状语从句。Autumnharvestisabouttostart.巩固性练习：()1.There__________ameetingtomorrowafternoon.A.willbegoingtoB.willgoingtobeC.isgoingtobeD.willgotobe()2.Charlie________herenextmonth. A.isn’tworkingB.doesn’tworkingC.isn’tgoingtoworkingD.won’twork()3.He________verybusythisweek,he________freenextweek.A.willbe;isB.is;isC.willbe;willbeD.is;willbe()4.There________adolphinshowinthezootomorrowevening.A.wasB.isgoingtohaveC.willhaveD.isgoingtobe()5.–________you________freetomorrow?–No.I________freethedayaftertomorrow.A.Are;goingto;willB.Are;goingtobe;willC.Are;goingto;willbeD.Are;goingtobe;willbe()6.Mother________meanicepresentonmynextbirthday.A.willgivesB.willgiveC.givesD.give()7.–ShallIbuyacupofteaforyou?–________.（不，不要。）A.No,youwon’t.B.No,youaren’tC.No,pleasedon’t.D.No,please.()8.–Whereisthemorningpaper?–I________itforyouatonce.A.getB.amgettingC.togetD.willget()9.________aconcertnextSaturday?A.TherewillbeB.WilltherebeC.TherecanbeD.Thereare()10.Iftheycome,we________ameeting.A.haveB.willhaveC.hadD.wouldhave