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高中英语语法复习专题讲解

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----徐州分部至善教育09春季文化课强化班高二英语4.26高中英语语法复习专题讲解-介词连词一、考点聚焦1、介词的分类与语法功能(1)介词是虚词,不能单独作句子成分,必须与名词、代词(或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句等)构成介词短语,在句中充当一个成分。介词分为:简单介词,如at、in、for等;合成介词,如within、inside、onto、througout等;短语介词,如accordingto、outof、becauseof、bymeansof、inspiteof、insteadof等。双重介词,如frombehind/above/under、untilafter等。分词介词,如considering、including、judging(from/by)等。常见的介词宾语:名词、代词、动名词、从句、不定式等。如:①Itisgoingtorainthisafternoonaccordingtotheweatherforecast.②Hequarrelledwithheryesterday.③Hesucceededinpassingthefinalexam.④I’mstillthinkingofhowIcanfulfilthetaskaheadoftime.⑤TheprofessorwillgiveusatalkonhowtostudyEnglishwell.(2)介词短语在句中可作表语、定语、状语和宾补等。如:①Thismachineisingoodcondition.(表语)②Whereisthekeytomybike?(定语)③Nothingintheworldcouldlivewithoutairorwater.(状语)④Shealwaysthinksherselfaboveothers.(宾补)2、介词搭配(1)“动词+介词”搭配:注意特定搭配与同一介词与多个动词搭配意义不同的情况。①robsb.ofsth./cleartheroadofsnow(“夺去、除去”意义的动词与of连用)②supplyuswithfood/filltheglasswithwine(“供给”意义的动词与with连用)③makeadeskofwood/makebreadfromflour/makethematerialintoacoat(“制作、制造”意义与of、from、into连用)④介词+the+部位与动词的关系(=动词+sb.’s+部位,可换用)strikehimonthehead(“击,拍,碰,摸”意义与on连用)catchhimbythearm(“抓,拉,拿,扯”意义与by连用)hittheboyintheface(“肚,胸,眼,脸”等人体前部与in连用)⑤prevent(stop,keep)sb.fromdoingsth.(“阻止,禁止”意义与from连用)⑥persuade(advise,warn)sb.intodoingsth.(“说服,建议”意义与into连用)⑦buysb.forsth.(leave、get、win、gain、lose等“得失”意义与for连用)⑧tellsth.tosb.(show、teach、sing、write、read等“告知”意义与to连用)⑨givesth.tosb.(give、allow、promise、pass、hand等“授予”意义与to连用)注意:⑦⑧⑨可换成buysb.sth.双宾结构。⑩saytosb.(suggest、explain、apologize、murmur、whisper与“对象”连用必须用to)不可说suggestsb.sth.。同一动词与不同介词搭配意义不同。lookfor(寻找)agreetosth.  hearof(听说)     callon(拜访)lookto(眺望) agreewithsb.   callfor(需要)lookat(看)  agreeonsth.  hearfrom(收到信) callin(请)同一介词与不同动词搭配,意义各异。replytotheletter回信,sing(dance)tothemusic和……唱(跳),amountto达到,加起来有……,devoteto把……贡献给,drinkto为……干杯,objectto反对,lookforwardto渴望,cometo苏醒,belongto属于,searchfor搜……,ask…for…寻找,use…for用作,leavefor前往,take…for误以为,callof倡导,waitfor等待,carefor喜欢,makeupfor弥补损失,turnto求助(救)于,helponeselfto随意,agreeto同意,compare…to把……比作,sendfor派人去请(拿)……,sailfor驶向,航向,setoutfor动身去,goinfor爱好……。(2)常见“形容词+介词”搭配。afraidof担心……  angryabout/atsth.     afraidfor替……而担心    angrywithsb.anxiousforsth.渴望differentfrom与……不同   9www.zs960.com ----徐州分部至善教育09春季文化课强化班高二英语4.26anxiousaboutsth./sb担心……  differentto…不关心……tiredof讨厌        strictwithsb.tiredfrom/with因……疲倦  strictinsth.要求严格goodat擅长        goodfor对……有益   goodofsb.todoso友好         popularwithsb.受……欢迎popularinsomeplace流行在……popularfor…因……而流行pleasedwith+名词或what从句   pleasedat+抽象名词(听/看到……而高兴)helpfulto对……有帮助knowntosb.为人所知            knownfor因……而出名     knownas作为……出名      befamiliarwith熟悉     befamiliarto为……熟知(悉)sorryfor…替……后悔        disappointedatsth.失望richin富有……          absentfrom缺席absentin离开此地去了……worthyof值得的,gladaboutsth.forsb.为某人某事高兴,farfrom离……远,gratefulforsth.tosb.为某事感激某人,freefrom没有……(免除……),proudof(takepridein)自豪,satisfiedwith(by)满意,sureof/about确信,fondof喜欢,fitfor适合,busywithsth.(indoingsth.)忙着干某事,fullof充满,readyfor准备,similarto相似,wrongwith不对;有毛病……(3)“名词+介词”要注意习惯搭配和意义区分。theabsenceofwater缺水thehopeofsuccess成功的希望haveachanceof(for)enteringcollege上大学的机会takeprideinthem为他们感到骄傲thekeytothequestion问题的答案amedicineforcough治咳嗽的药theticketfortomorrow明天的票hisabesenceinBeijing去了北京hisabesencefromBeijing不在北京thewaytostudy学习方法thewayofstudyingmaths学习教学的方法3、核心介词用法归纳与辨析(1)表示时间的介词in的用法如下。表示在某一较长时间内,如世纪、年、月、季、周等一般用介词in,如:inthe1990s,intheyear,inJanuary,in(the)winter/summer/fall/spring,inthefirstweekofMay。还可以用时段名词组成固定短语或词组。如:inawhile,innotime,inthedaytime,inashortwhile,intime,inthemorning(afternoon,evening)。但要注意:①atnight/atnoon,intheday(在白天),inthenight(大夜间)。②infivedays(weeks,months,years)中in意思是“在……以后”。③in和during表一段时间内两词可互用。如:inthenight,duringthenight,inthewar,duringthewar。但略有区别:当接表示“活动”的抽象名词时多用during,接“活动”的动名词及短语时用in。如:duringthediscussion     indiscussingtheproblemduringherstayinHubei      inplayingbasketballduringthecourseof          indiggingthetunnel(2)在具体的某一天或某天上午、晚上、前夕,常用on。onSunday(s).onTuesdaymorningonChristmasDay(但atChrismas),onChristmasEve,onChildren’sDayonMarch8,onthemorning(afternoon,evening)ofOct.1earlyonthemorningofOct.1(区别:inthelate/earlymorningofOct.1)onarainynight,onwarmwinterdays(3)表示某一时刻或某一点时间用at,如小时、分钟等。atbreakfast(supper,lunch),atsixatnoon(sunrise,sunset,midday,night,midnight,dawn)attheageof15,atthetimeofwar,但intimeofdanger/trouble。注意:有些时间名词前不接介词。如:nextday、lastSunday、thatmorning、theseyearsone、each、any、every、some、all修饰时,一般不用介词,如someday、oneday、yesterday、afternoon,thenightbefore(4)till、until、to的用法。①till(until)与持续动词连用一般用于肯定句中,与短暂动词连用一般用在否定句中。如:Hewaitedformetilltwelveo’clock.Hedidn’tgetuptill(until)10a.m.(不可用to).但注意:在句首出现或强调句型中一般不用till而用until。如:Notuntil9a.m.didMr.Smithcomebacktoschool.9www.zs960.com ----徐州分部至善教育09春季文化课强化班高二英语4.26②to表“终结”时常用和from连用,但要注意不与from连用时的意义。如:fromJulytoSeptember,fromsixto(till)eight(从……到……为止),但frommorningtillnight(从早到晚),不能用to。from…to常构成习惯搭配,不可换用其他介词。(A)表持久连续、传递、转移的含义。fromtimetotime(不时,有时),fromdaytoday(天天),fromhandtohand(不断传下去),fromplacetoplace(处处,到处),fromsidetoside(左右摇摆),fromdoortodoor(家家户户),fromhousetohouse(挨家挨户),fromshoptoshop(一个商店接一个商店)。(B)表起始终止的全过程或程度加深、状态变化。frombeginningtoend(从头到尾,自始至终)(fromthebeginningtotheendof…);fromhandtomouth(仅能糊口),frombadtoworse(越来越糟),fromheadtofoot(从头到脚),fromtoptobottom(整个地,彻底地),fromtoptotoe(全身),fromstarttofinish(自始至终,从头到尾)。(C)fromone+名词+toanother表示“依次”。如fromonecartoanother(顺着车厢依次地)。(D)名词+by+同一单数名词,表示“一个一个地”,要与from…to短语区别开:onebyone一个一个地;littlebylittle(bit)一点一点地;stepbystep一步一步地,逐渐地(但byandby不久以后);sentencebysentence逐句地;daybyday一天一天地;sidebyside(with…)(和……)并肩,一起;shouldertoshoulder肩并肩地,齐心协力;handinhand手拉手,紧紧地;facetoface面对面。(5)in、after、later①in+一段时间:表示说话时为起点一段时间之后,与一般将来时连用;但表示“在……之内”时,用于各种时态。②一段时间+later(later是副词):表示某一具体时间或某一方面具体时间算起的一段时间后。③after+一段时间表示:“在……之后”,用于一般过去时;但时间为点时间时,只能用after,即after+点时间,用于各种时态。Thedoctorwillbewithusinsixminutes.Shegraduatedin1981,andeightyearslatershebecamethemanagerofthefactory.Hereceivedherletterafterfourweeks.另外,in+一段时间+’s+time与within+一段时间的用法如下:inaweek’stime=inaweekTheywillarriveinthreedays’time.(与将来时连用)Mybrother’sbirthdayisintwoweeks’time.(作表语)I’llfinishthebookwithintwoweeks.(within=inlessthan…用于各种时态,不超出,在……之内)(6)地点介词at、on、in、to、across、through、over、under、below。①at在较小的场所,in在较大的场所,on在……的平面上。如atthedoor、attheairport、atthestation、at55ParkStreet、inChina、inthenorth、inAsia、onthedesk、onthewall等。②on、at、in还可以表示两地相对位置。若A地属于B地,用in;A地位于B地的外面且有边缘衔接用on;无边缘的衔接有to。如:JapanliestotheeastofChina.(范围之外)TaiwanliesinthesoutheastofChina.(范围之外)HunanprovinceliesonthewestofHubeiprovince.(毗邻)TheislandliesoffthecoastofChina.(相隔一定距离)③地点介词的引申、比喻意义:inthesun在阳光下,inthedark(ness)在黑暗中,inthedark不知道,infreezingweather在严寒天气中,inthemud在泥中,intheearth在地下,inthedesert在沙漠中,inaheavyrain在大雨中,inthesnow/wind在雪/风中,inpublic当众,introuble在困境中,getintotrouble陷入困境,outoftrouble摆脱困难,beyondhope绝望。④across在物体表面“穿过”;through则表示在三维空间内部“穿过”。如:Theywalkedacrosstheplayground.Iwalkedthroughtheforest.⑤over/under/above/below。over、above译作“在……之上”;under、below译作“在……的下面”,其区别在于over、under表示一种直接的、垂直的上下关系;而above、below则表示一般的“高于”或“低于”,不一定是垂直“在上”或“在下”。如:Alittleboatisnowunderthebridge.Thereisabridgeovertheriver.Thesunsinksbelowthehorizon(地平线)Thewindowiswellabovethetree.9www.zs960.com ----徐州分部至善教育09春季文化课强化班高二英语4.26⑥表示地点介词的静态性和动态性Hewalkedtothestation(静态,表示方向和目的地)Hewalkedtowardsthestation.(动态,只表示方向)Heiskindto(towards)us.(两者通用)Heisatthestation.(静态,表示地点)Theyarrivedatthestation.(动态,表示地点)Heswamawayfromtheship.(动态“离开”)Hestoodawayfromtheshop.(静态“远离”)Hefellontothefloor.(动态“到地面”)ThecityisontheChangjiangRiver.(静态“平面”)Goofftheroad.偏离了道路(动态“离去”)Comealongtheriver.沿着河过来(线)acrossthefields跨过田野……,overthedesert跨越沙漠acrosstheriver横跨这条河……,overthehill翻过这座山beinthehouse(静态,在这里……)stayoutofthecar(静态,在……外)gointothehouse(动态,进入)flyoutofthecountry(动态,离开)(7)表示方式、手段、工具的介词①bytheyear/hour/day按年/小时/天。如Herentahousebytheyear(day,hour).(按by+the+单位名称)但tothepound按磅算,totheton按吨计。②表泛指的方式、手段bypost/mail邮寄,bytelephone(radio),但onthephone/ontheradio/onTV(电讯器材),byelectricity用电,bymachinery用电器,byhardwork,learnsth.byheart,throughthesatellite,throughpractice,throughhisownefforts,throughexperience,throughthetelescop③交通工具类bybus/train/car/taxi(road)bybike/bicycle,onhorseback/onfootbyplane/jet/spaceship,byairbyship/boat/lifeboat,bysea/bywater另外:bymeansof用……方法,bywayof经由,取道于,用……方法,withthehelp(permission)ofsb./withsb.’shelp(permis-sion)。④表方式、手段的其他用法Hebeatthedogwithawhip.(with+工具机器)Onesmellswithhisnose.(with+人体器官,但byhand“手工,用手”)Hestoodupwithpride.(with+情绪、情感、态度的名词)注意:使用语言、材料、文字等用in。如inEnglish(ink,pencil)。另外如:inhigh(good,low)spirits,inanger,injoy,incomfort,insorrow,insafety,indanger,inneed,indebt,inlove,infun,inpain,intears,insurprise,ingood(poor)health,ingoodorder,inflower,inaway,inalowvoice,insilence,in(with)satisfaction,inahurry,in(with)words,live/feedonfood,kneelonone’sknee,take(catch)sb.bysurprise(出其不意)(8)表示“除……之外”的几组常用介绍比较。①besides除……以外,(还有)。作副词时意思是“而且,更何况”。WellallwenttothecinemabesidesShaw.除了肖外,我们都去了电影院。Itwastoolatetoseeafilm,andbesides,Iwastired.②except除去,除……之外(不再有)。WeallwentexceptJohn.我们都去了,约翰没有。在否定句中,两词可以换用,如:Hehasnootherhatsexcept/besidesthisone.③exceptfor除了……(对句子主题进行细节校正或附加说明)后接名词、代词或what从句,此时与exceptthat+句子意思相同。Hewasverycleverexceptforcarelessness.④exceptthat…除了……一点以外。Hehasnotchangedexceptthatheiswearingdarkglasses.⑤but与exceptbut和except在表示“除了……以外”时可以通用,但应注意以下三点:①前面有不定人词、疑问代词在意义上对称时,多用but。Allbutonearehere.NobodybutIlikesmakingmodelships.②后接不定式短语为排除对象时,多用but。Hehasnothingtodobutwait.(前有do,后省to)9www.zs960.com ----徐州分部至善教育09春季文化课强化班高二英语4.26③but与一些固定结构连用。havenochoicebuttodosth.只得做某事,cannotbutdosth.不得不,cannothelpbutdosth.不得不……,butfor…如不是……(9)between与among.between通常指两者之间。也可以用于三者以上的两者之间。如:AnnisbetweenTomandBill.SwitzerlandliesbetweenFrance,Germany,AustraliaandItaly.Theysoonfinishedtheworkbetweenthemselves.(共同,合作)Shewasbusybetweencooking,washing,sewingandlookingafterthebaby.(表示接连不断地,一个接一个地忙这忙那)Ahorsecanbeseenbetweentreesnow.among表示三者以上之间。如:Thestoryissaidtohavehappenedinavillageamongthehills.Hewashappytobeamongfriendsagain.Wemustagreeamongourselves.(一起,共同)我们必须达成共识。Londonisamongthelargestcities.(=oneof与最高级连用)(10)表原因的介词for、becauseof、dueto。Hedidn’tcometothemeetingbecauseofhisillness.Thereasonforhiscominglateisthathewasill.Hewaspraisedforhisbraveryandcourage.Theaccidentisduetoyourcarelessdriving.(11)不定式复合结构中的for、of。这里所说的不定式复合结构形式指的是for或of加上人或事,作动词不定式逻辑主语的结构。①Itiscleverofyoutoansweritlikethat.②Itisquitehardformetoexplainwhy.注意:两句中的of和for的使用,表语形容词能够说明不定式逻辑主语的性质、特征与面貌时用of,如果说明不定式行为本身的性质、状态等则用for。(12)兼作连词和副词的介词。①after、since、till/still、before这些词既是介词,又是连词。Thechildrenwenthomeatonceafterschool.Theywenttobedaftertheyhadfinishedthejob.②in、on、along、down、up、after、before、along、beyond等介词可兼作副词。Herandownthehill.(介词)Canyouliftthatboxdownfromtheshelfforme?(副词)③有的介词可以兼作连词和副词。Allthestudentsgottoschoolbeforeme.(before为介词)Wedowanttobuysomethingnowbeforepricesgoup.(连词)Haven’tIseenyoubefore?(before为副词)(13)介词的省略。①表示时间的介词on、at、in的省略。在next、last、yesterday、tomorrow、each、one、any、every、all等词之前,可以省略,也可以不省略。如(at)lastweekend、(on)thatday等。②介词for表示时间的省略要求。(A)以all开头的名词短语,for要省略。如:Istayedwithherallhemorning.(B)表示一段时间的短语之前,for可以省略,也可以不省略。如:IhavebeenwaitinghereI(for)morethanthreehours.(C)否定句中,表示时间的短语前的for不能省略。如:Ihaven’tseenyouforthirtyyears.(D)时间状语在主句之前,for不能省略。如:Forthewholemorning,theoldmankeptreading.③某些动词短语之后的介词可以省略。Nothingcanpreventme(from)doingthejob.Shespentnearlytwohours(in)translatingit.(14)某些名词与介词构成的固定搭配。①要求接to的名词有:key、answer、visit、entrance、apology、introduction、road等。②要求接in的名词有:interest、satisfaction、expert等。Heisexpertinteachingsmallchildren.(15)几个常用的并列连词。①both…and,either…or,neither…9www.zs960.com ----徐州分部至善教育09春季文化课强化班高二英语4.26norboth…and“双方都”,连接句子的两个主语时,其后谓语动词通常用使用复数形式。either…or与neither…nor注意采取“就近原则”。 ②notonly…butalso,aswellas注意:两者强调对象不同,notonly…butalso强调的是butalso之后部分,而aswellas则强调其前面的部分。notonly…butalso采取“就近原则”,而aswellas只是一个插入语,采取“就远原则”。如:Mr.Smith,aswellashiswifeandchildren,hascometoNanjingforavisit.notonly…butalso结构中的notonly可用于句首,连接两个分句时,第一个从句主谓要倒装。Notonlyisheclever,butalsoheishardworking.(16)几个常用的从属连词。①when、while、as都表示“当……时候”,when引导的从句的动作与主句的动词可同时发生,也可先后发生;as、while引导的从句则强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。如:WhenIgotothestation,thetrainhadalreadyleft.Hesangmerrilyashewasworking.②till、until均表示“到……时候止”,肯定句中的谓语必须是延续性动作。如:Iworkedtilllateatnight.若主句谓语是终止性动词,则主句要用否定形式,意为动作“到……才……”开始发生。如:Shedidn’tgetupuntilhermothercamein.注意:till和until通常情况下可以互换,只是在句首时until比till更常用。③though、although均引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然……”,although较正式,though最常用。如:Thouth(Although)hewastired,hekeptonworking.注意:though、although引导的从句不能与but、however连用,但可以与yet、still连用。though还可以与别的词结合使用,如eventhough、asthough,而although则不能这样搭配。④nosooner…than、hardly…when、assoonas三者都表示“一……就”,“刚刚……就”的意思。(A)assoonas置于主句前后都可以,而且有备各种时态。如:AssoonasshegetshereI’lltell heraboutit.Maryleftassoonasthefinishedthework.(B)hardly…when、nosooner…than不能表示将来的事,其主句的谓语动词一般用过去完成时,从句用过去时。若将hardly或nosooner放在句首,句子要倒装。如:Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanhewentawayagain.⑤某些表示时间的名词(词组)也可用作从属连词。它们是:themoment,theminute,theinstant,theday,thetime,thefirst(second,third…)time,thespring(summer,autumn,winter),every(each,next,any)time(day),bythetime,都可引导时间状语从句。如:Hismotherdiedthespringhereturned.Callmeuptheminutehearrives.二、精典名题导解选择填空1.Thehomeimprovementshavetakenwhatlittlethereis_________mysparetime.(NMET 2001)A.from           B.in          C.of         D.at解析:答案为C。本题考查句子结构中介词of的有法。what引导的从句作谓语havetaken的宾语,而从句中的基本句型为“thereislittleof…”,表示“……有很少”,what修饰little提到了从句句首。注意正确把握句子结构和介词用法,要明白ofmysparetime和inmysparetime的区别。2.____________productionupby60%,thecompanyhashadanotherexcellentyear.(NMET 2000)A.As            B.For         C.With        D.Through解析:答案为C。本题考查with的复合结构作状语的用法。“with+名词+不定式/分词/名词/形容词/介词短语等”可在句中作伴随、时间、原因、条件等状语。本题中with的复合结构作伴随状语。3.Thechangesinthecitywillcostquitealot,___________theywillsaveusmoneyinthelongrun.(2000春季高考题)A.or             B.since        C.for         9www.zs960.com ----徐州分部至善教育09春季文化课强化班高二英语4.26D.but解析:答案为D。本题考查并列连词or、for、but和从属连词的意义和用法。并列连词or通常表示选择关系;for表示因果关系;but表示转折关系;从属连词since表示原因。通过比较前后两个分句意思可知,它们是转折关系。4.Aftersheconsideredtheproblem,shegotatallboxtostand________.A.on             B.up          C.above      D.by解析:答案为A。不定式“tostand+介词”作定语修饰atallbox,其中被修饰词在逻辑意义上是不及物动词,只有加上吊尾介词,句子意思才完整。吊尾介词往往由于受到汉语的影响而缺少,吊尾介词使用的场合有:(1)定语从句中,先行词被一个不及物动词所修饰,不及物动词后要接介词,先行词被“动词+介词”组成的短语动词所修饰,介词常在句尾。HeisthemanIjustspoketo.(2)what、whose、who、whatever等引导的宾语从句,宾语从句出现吊尾介词。Ican’timaginewhatitislike.(3)强调句型,特殊疑问句中由于被强调部分和疑问词位置变更,常出现吊尾介词。Itwasthepoorboythatwegavethebooksto.Whatfor?Whereto?Whowith?(4)不及物动词的不定式修饰表“涉及对象、场合、工具、方式、材料”等意义的名词时常带吊尾介词。aroomtolivein,abenchtositonThereisnothingtoworryabout.Sheisagoodgirltoworkwith.(5)某些形容词后接不定式或“动词+介词”型短语,动词的不定式形式表“反射”,常用吊尾介词。①fit、easy、hard、comfortable、difficult、heavy等形容词后。②Theriverisgoodtoswimin.Theboxistooheavytocarry.③beworthdoingsth.,beworthyofbeingdone/tobedone,want/require/needdoing1.Thisskirtismade________yourmother________herownmeasure.A.for;to                 B.for;forC.to;to                      D.for;by2.Insteadofcalling________hisuncle,hecalled________mynewhousewithhiswifethatday.A.by;for                    B.on;atC.for;on                    D.at;by3.Kate’slittlebrotherkickedtheballtotheriver;shetookgreattroubletogetit________theriver.A.on                           B.fromC.fromon                   D.overfrom4.Theprettygirlisknown________thepublic________alittlefilmstar________herexcellentperformanceinafilm.A.in;as;with               B.to;as;forC.among;with;in         D.by;for;becauseof5.It’sreallyhot________JanuaryinHarbinnow.Bettertakeoffyourcoat.A.in                 B.duringC.for                          D.to6.—Theyallagree________George.Hastheprojectbeenpassed?—Who________Georgecanmakethefinaldecision?A.except;except          B.except;besidesC.but;but                    D.besides;but7.Sofar,severalshipshavebeenreportedmissing________thecoastofBermuda.A.off                           B.alongC.on                            D.around8.—Ilikecoffeewithnothinginit.Whataboutyou?—Iprefercoffee________sugar.A.to                 B.forC.with                         D.than9.—I’mgoingtocutthebigtreedown?—What________?A.by                            B.toC.with                          D.at10.Britainhasrecentlyhadahighlevelofunemployment—butthesameistrue________manyothercountries.A.at                             B.fromC.of                             D.to11.________herhairgettinggray,shehasdecidedtohaveitdyed.A.As                    B.ForC.With                         D.Though12.—Theseboxesaretooheavyformetomove.—Here,I’llgiveyouahand________them.A.for                   B.toC.with                          D.9www.zs960.com ----徐州分部至善教育09春季文化课强化班高二英语4.26by13.—Doyouhave________difficultyworkingouttheproblem?—Yes.Itis________me.A.no;easyfor                 B.some;withinC.any;within                  D.any;beyond14.MrBlackwasdrivingfasttotakehiswifetoanearbyhospitalbecausetheirbabywas________.A.onitsway               B.inthewayC.bytheway               D.outoftheway15.Thereisnogreaterlovethan________whodevoteshiswholelife________ mankind.A.thatofaman;tobenefiting    B.aman;tobenefitingC.thatofaman’s;benefits        D.aman’slove;inbenefiting16.—Iwonderwhat’sontelevisionthisevening.Haveyougotanewspaper?—Yes,________TVprogrammesare________thebackpage.A.the;on                        B.the;inC./;in                               D./;on17.Mostpeopleinthatareaobjectedwithlittleeffect________agolfplaygroundthere.A.tobuild               B.ofbuildingC.tohavebuilt                     D.tobuilding18.Foodpricesincreased________10%inlessthanayear.A.for         B.toC.by          D.at19.Areaswherestudentshaveparticulardifficultyhavebeentreated________particularcare.A.by         B.withC.as     D.in20.Thestudyyouhavebeenmaking________theancientChinesecharactersisaninstructivejob.A.to              B.forC.of            D.from21.—HaveyoureadthebookWarandPeace________Tolstoy?—No.I’veneverheardofit.A.for               B.byC.with               D.to22.________therapidgrowthofshortmessagessentbymobilephones,theincreasingnumberofcriminalcasesappearedthroughshortmessages.A.For              B.ByC.As                  D.With23.MrSmithsoldthatmagnificentcottageofhisonthesea________2,000,000dollars.A.at             B.forC.to                   D.by24.Thecustomerbargainedwiththeshopkeeperforalongtime,andfinallytheyagreed________theprice.A.to                  B.withC.on               D.at25.Iamanxiousaboutwhatnoteshemadeinthebackofhisdiary________thingstomendorreplace.A.by                 B.inC.with                               D.of26.Idon’tthinkit’sfairtojudgeaperson________theirclothes.A.in                    B.fromC.with                D.on27.Booksarethemostimportantrecordswekeep________man’sthoughts,ideasandfeelings.A.up                 B.ofC.for                    D.on28.Intheexperimentwekeptawatchfuleye________thedevelopmentsandrecordedeverydetail.A.in                 B.atC.for             D.on29.I’vekeptupafriendshipwithagirlwhomIwasatschool________twentyyearsago.A.till              B.withC.about                            D.since30.Thewomansoldtheeggs________sevendollarsandtheyweresold________halfprice.A.with,at                 B.for,atC.at,in                             D.by,on答案与简析1.Amadeto(one’sown)measure按(某人的)尺寸定做。2.Bcallonsb.拜访某人;callataplace去某地。3.Cgetsth.from…从某物取得某物;ontheriver河上。4.Bbeknowntosb.为某人所知;as作为;beknownfor因…而出名。5.Cfor对…来说。若用in,则指哈尔滨一月的天气很热,不符合事实。6.Cwhobut…除了某人外,还有谁?7.A9www.zs960.com ----徐州分部至善教育09春季文化课强化班高二英语4.26off距离…不远处的海上。8.C根据语境,句意为“我喜欢喝加糖的咖啡”,故用with。9.C根据语境,是问“用”什么工具来cutthetreedown。10.Cof在…方面(fromwww.nmet168.com)。11.Cwith因为(=becauseof)。as和for虽然也可表示原因,但要接句子。12.Cgivesb.ahandwithsth.=helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事。13.D问“有没有”,用any;beyondsb.指超出某人的能力范围,与toohard/impossibleforsb.todosth.相当。另外,要注意:答案A是按中国人的思维方式设计的题目,千万不要上当;因为用yes回答,不管怎么问都是指“有”困难,这就与后文的easyforme相矛盾了。14.Aonone’s/theway意为“在路上、在来或去的过程中”,此处可理解为“快要出世了”。15.A根据固定搭配devote…to…中的to是介词,后面要接名词、代词或动名词,排除C和D;再根据比较对象应当是love与love相比,所以只有A正确,that在句中替代love。16.A指今晚要上演的那些节目,是特指的,所以第一空用the;表示“在”书报的某一页上,用on。17.D固定搭配objectto(反对)中to是介词,后面要接动名词。18.C因为表示“相差”的程度用by(fromwww.nmet168.com)。19.B因为with用来表示方式、情况等,意为“…地”:withcare小心谨慎地;withjoy高兴地;withpleasure乐意地。20.C因为makeastudyof是习语,意为“仔细研究”,句中youhavebeen…characters是一个省略了关系代词的定语从句。21.B因为表示由某某所写的作品用by。22.D表示“随着…”,as是连词,后接句子with是介词,后接名词。23.B因为表示以多少钱售出或买进用介词for。24.C表示通过双方商议后对某事达成一致意见用agreeon。25.D因为takenotesof是习语,意为“记录”。26.B因为表示“根据…判断/断定”是judge…from/by。27.B因为keeparecordof是习语,意为“记录…”。28.D因为keepaneyeon…是习语,意为“密切注视…”。29.B因为表示“和某人在一起”用withsb.。30.B因为以多少钱买卖用for;但与price连用,表示以某种价格买卖时,用at。  9www.zs960.com