中考英语语法之形容词的比较级和最高级 8页

中考英语语法—形容词，副词的比较级和最高级一、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形式1．单音节词和少数双音节词的比较级和最高级的构成情况构成方式原级比较级最高级一般情况加-er或-estnewlongnewerlong_______new_____longest以e结尾的词加-r或-stfinelatefine_____laterfinestlate______以“辅音+y”结尾的词变y为i再加-er或-estearlyhappy_________happierearliest_________重读闭音节的词末尾只有一个辅音字母先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-esthotthinfat__________thinnerfat______hottest_________fattest2．多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加more或most。如：原级比较级最高级useful____________mostusefuldifficultmoredifficult_____________delicious______________mostdeliciousslowly_____________________________3．特殊的不规则形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetter_________bad/ill________worstmany/muchmore________little_________leastoldolder（新旧或年龄）/elder（兄弟姐妹的长幼关系）oldest/__________farfarther（表示距离,“更远”）/further（程度，“进一步的”）/furthest________二、形容词和副词的比较句型 1、原级比较：肯定句：as+原级+as“A和B一样”Eg.HeisastallasI.否定句：notso(as)+原级+as“A不如B”Eg.Heisnotso/astallasI.2、比较级比较：是同类事物之间进行比较，表示某人或某事物在某一方面超过某人或某事物。1）句型：比较级+than+比较对象注：比较级前可加much,alittle,abit,far,even,alotEg.HeismuchtallerthanI.MybrotherrunsalittlefasterthanI.UnittenisevenmoredifficultthanUnitone.在否定句,疑问句或条件状语从句中,修饰形容词,副词的比较级,只能用any来修饰.Eg.Hecan"tjumpanyhigher.Doyoufeelanybettertoday?Ifyoucanjumpanyhigher,Iwillgiveyouaprize.2）比较级的形式可以表达最高级的含义：比较级＋thananyother＋n.（单）（适用于范围一致时）(all)other＋n.（复）any＋n.(单)（适用于范围不一致时）Heistallerthananyotherstudent/allotherstudentsinhisclass.anystudentinmyclass.注：在这种用法中，关键是要有other或any或否定词这些词来把一个人或事物与其他同类人或事物分离开。、3）比较级+and+比较级“越来越……”Eg.Itisgettinghotterandhotter.用more构成比较级的，只重复moreEg.moreandmoredifficult4）the比较级…+the比较级…“越…越…”Eg.Thehigheryoustand,thefartheryousee.5）具体数字+比较级+than…表示确定的度量Eg.MybrotheristhreeyearsolderthanI.Heistwoinchestallerthanme. 6）倍数、分数、百分数的比较倍数等+as…as/倍数等+比较级+thanEg.Ourschoolisthreetimesasbigastheirs.Thisbagisone-thirdasheavyasthatone.Thisyear’soutputis30%morethanasthatone.7）表示“两者中较……的那一个”可表示为“A+be+比较级+ofthetwo+…”Eg.Sheisthebetterofthetwodaughters.HeisgoingtomarrytheyoungerofMr.Green’stwodaughters.8）当what和which表示选择时，前者用于选择范围较小或较明确的场合，后者用于选择范围较大或不明确的场合。Eg.Whichcolordoyoulike,blackorwhite?黑色和白色，你喜欢哪种？Whichisbigger,thesunortheearth?太阳和地球哪个大?Whatcolorisyourcar?你的汽车是什么颜色的?但是，若指人，即使选择的范围不明确，也可用which。Eg.Which[What]writersdoyoulike?你喜欢哪些作家?9）A+be+less/more+原级+than+B表示“A不如B”/“A比B更…”Eg.Moneyislessimportantthanhonesty.3、最高级比较：1）句型：the最高级+of(in,among…)最高级前可加byfar,far,much,mostly,almost。Eg.Thishatisnearly/almostthebiggestintheshop.Heisthetallestofus.Heisthetallestamongus.注：①在最高级的句子中，通常都有in,of,among之类的介词来限定范围。②形容词most前面没有the时，不表示最高级的含义，只表示"非常"。Eg.Itisamostimportantproblem.=Itisaveryimportantproblem.③序数词通常只修饰最高级。例如：　　Africaisthesecondlargestcontinent.2)用oneof+最高级+名词复数/among+最高级+名词复数,来表示“…之一”谓语动词用单数。Eg.YaoMingisoneofthetallestbasketballplayersintheworld.YaoMingisamongthetallestbasketballplayersintheworld.3)区分：使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内　　（错）Tomisthetallestofhisthreebrothers. 　　（对）Tomisthetallestofthethreebrothers.使用比较级要注意将主语排除在比较范围内（对）ChinaislargerthananyothercountryinAsia.（错）ChinaislargerthananycountryinAsia.【典型例题】　　　1）----Areyoufeeling____?　　----Yes，I"mfinenow.　A.anywell　B.anybetter　C.quitegoodD.quitebetter　　2）Theexperimentwas____easierthanwehadexpected.　　A.　more　B.　muchmore　　C.　much　　D.　moremuch3）Iftherewerenoexaminations,weshouldhave___atschool.　A.thehappiesttime　　B.amorehappiertime　C.muchhappiesttime　D.　amuchhappiertime4）Yourhouseis______biggerthanours.A.twotime　　B.secondtimeC.twotimes　D.secondtimes【基础练习】1.Yourroomis_______thanmine.A.threetimebigB.threetimesbigC.threetimesbiggerD.biggerthreetimes2.Whenspringcomes,itgets_______.A.warmandwarmB.colderandcolderC.warmerandwarmerD.shorterandshorter3.______hereadthebook,_______hegotinit.A.Themore;themoreinterestingB.Theless;themoreinterestingC.Themore;themoreinterestedD.More;moreinterested4.Ilike______oneofthetwobooks.A.theolderB.oldestC.theoldestD.older5.Whichdoyoulike_______,teaorcoffee?A.wellB.betterC.bestD.most6.Thisworkis_______formethanforyou.A.difficultB.mostdifficultC.muchdifficultD.moredifficult7.Whojumped_______ofall?A.farB.fartherC.farthestD.themostfar 8.LiLeiis_______studentinourclass.A.tallB.tallerC.tallestD.thetallest9.Tomisoneof_______boysinourclass.A.tallestB.tallerC.thetallestB.thetall10.Englishisoneof_______spokenintheworld.A.theimportantlanguagesB.themostimportantlanguagesC.mostimportantlanguageD.themostimportantlanguage11.I"mnot________tolifttheheavybox.A.shortenoughB.enoughtallC.healthenoughD.strongenough12.Whichis_______,LiLeiorWuTong?A.strongB.strongestC.strongerD.thestrongest13.Doyouhave_______totellus?A.somethingnewB.newsomethingC.anythingnewD.newanything14.MostofthepeopleinGuangdongaregetting______.A.moreandrichB.morerichandmorerichC.richerandricherD.richandrich15.—InourEnglishstudyreadingismoreimportantthanspeaking,Ithink.—Idon’tagree.Speakingis____reading.A,asimportantB,soimportantasC,themostimportantD,thesameas【中考演练】1.Theturckytastes____thechicken.A,asbetterasB,muchbetterthanC,aswellasD,thebestto2.IlikeChinesebecauseitsounds____.A,wonderB,wonderingC,wonderfulD,wonderfully3.E-mailingismuch____thanlongdistancecalling.A,cheapB,cheaperC,cheapestD,thecheapest4.Youradvicesounds____.We’llalltakeyouradvice.A,wellB,carefullyC,wonderfulD,correctly 5.Nickdidn’tdovery____inthefinalexam,buthisscoresare____thanlastyear’sA,good,betterB,bad,worseC,well,worseD,well,better6.Thesand-stormfromthenorthyesterdayseemedtobecome____inrecentyears.A,badB,badlyC,theworseD,worse7.Theleadingactorfelt____whenhesawalotofpeoplecheeringhim.A,happyB,happilyC,angrilyD,lovely8.IfyoudecideonthedatetoleaveShanghai,pleasetellme____possible.A,asfastasB,asquicklyasC,asswiftlyasD,assoonas9.Thepriceoftheflatsinthehousingestates(住宅区)locatedinthecenterofShanghaimustbevery____.A,bigB,hugeC,highD,expensive10.Peopleprefertosende-mailthantopostlettersbecausee-mailaremuch____thanletters.A,fastandconvenientB,fasterandconvenientC,fastandmoreconvenientD,fasterandmoreconvenient11.Hehasn’tgotavery____voice,buthesingsvery____.A,good,wellB,good,goodC,well,wellD,well,good12.TheMarsisfar____tousthanthePluto(冥王星).Wewishwecouldliveonitoneday.A,closeB,closerC,closestD,theclosest13.Nowadays,moreandmorepeopledoenoughexcisetokeeptheir____well.A,healthyB,healthC,unhealthyD,healthily14.Thegirllooksas____asafilmstar.A,lovelyB,beautifullyC,carefullyD,swiftly15.Intheexam,the____youare,the____mistakesyou’llmake.A,carefully,littleB,morecareful,fewerC,morecareful,lessD,morecarefully,fewer 16.Theturkeysmelt____thechickenwings.A,asdeliciousasB,asdeliciouslyasC,muchdeliciousthanD,moredeliciouslythan17.Ourclassteacherlooked____andsaidtous____.“Stoptalking.”A,angry,angryB,angrily,angryC,angrily,angrilyD,angry,angrily18.Canada,AustraliaandNewZealandare____countriesA,English-spokenB,spoken-EnglishC,English-speakingD,speaking-English19.Theroomwasn’t____forthedoctortooperateonthelady.A,quiteacleanB,enoughcleanC,cleanenoughD,muchaclean20.A:MyCDissevenyuan.Whataboutyours?B:Onlyfiveyuan.It’s____thanyours.A,lessB,cheaperC,lowerD,smaller21.Thefoodnotonlylooksnicebutalsosmells____.A,goodB,wellC,lovelyD,delicious22.Janehasa____voice.Shesang____atthepartylastnight.A,good,beautifulB,wonderful,beautifullyC,well,nicelyD,sweet,great23.Areyou____toreachthepictureonthetopoftheblackboard?A,verytallB,sotallC,tootallD,tallenough24.Ilike____fruits____peachesandapples.A,so,asB,as,asC,such,asD,many,as25.Sheisfeeling____betterthanbefore.A,much,moreB,farC,evenmoreD,more26.IsMrSmith____theman?A,sostrongasB,morestrongthanC,strongerthanD,muchstrongeras27.Tomlooked____whenheheardthegoodnews.A,happilyB,upsetC,happyD,luckily 28.Pleaselistenas____aspossiblesothatyouwon’tmakeanymistakes.A,carefulB,muchcarefullyC,morecarefullyD,carefully29.Inmyopinion,theSummerPalacelooks____thanBeiHaiPark.A,beautifulB,morebeautifulC,beautifullyD,morebeautifully30.It____forhimtorecitethetext.A,seemseasyB,seemseasilyC,seemeasyD,seemeasily