中考英语语法总复习专题7形容词 3页

_____________新世纪教育培训辅导材料---中考英语语法专项复习7___形容词详解及专练______________形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。它有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可作定语、表语和补语形容词,是历年各省市中考必考知识点。从考查形式看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。从命题意图看，侧重考查考生在具体语言环境中使用形容词的能力。中考试题对形容词的考查涉及形容词原级，比较级和最高级的各种句型、形容词作定语的位置、易混淆的形容词用法辨析等。其中，形容词比较等级句型、形容词修饰不定代词something，anything，everything，nothing时的位置，易混淆的形容词用法辨析等是考查的热点。7.1形容词的一般用法：1.作定语,放在名词前。例:acoldandwindyday.2.作表语,放在系动词.例:Helookshappytoday.3.形容词修饰something，等复合不定代词时，须放在其后。例:Wouldyoulikesomethinghottodrink？4.表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。Theriverisabouttwohundredmetreslong.5.只能作表语的形容词：afraid害怕；alone独自的；asleep睡着的；awake醒着的；alive活着的；well健康的；ill病的；frightened害怕的例：Themanisill.(正)Theillmanismyuncle.(误)6.只能作定语的形容词：little小的；only唯一的；wooden木质的；woolen羊毛质的；elder年长的　　例如，MyelderbrotherisinBeijing.(正)Mybrotheriselder.(误)7.貌似副词的形容词：lonely独自的；friendly友好的；lively生动的；lovely可爱的8.复合形容词：snow-white雪白的English-speaking说英语的；glass-topped玻璃罩的；full-time全日制的；well-known众所周知的；kind-hearted善良的man-made人造的；take-away可以带走的ten-year-old十岁的。7.2多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：限定词(冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、数词)——描绘词(大小，长短，形状，新旧，长幼，颜色)——出处——材料性质——类别——名词例：Adirtyoldblackshirt一件又脏又旧的黑色衬衣7.3形容词常用句型：1.“It’s+adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人(做某事)怎么样”。这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，如good(好的)，kind(友善的)，nice(友好的)，等。例如：你能帮助我，真好_____________________________2.“It’s+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。这一句型中常用的形容词有important(重要的)necessary(必要的)difficult(困难的)等。例如，对于他们来说学好一门外语不容易。_____________________7.4形容词的比较等级：㈠、规则变化规则原级比较级最高级一般在词尾直接加er或est，tall-tallertallest.以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st，nicenicernicest以辅音字母+y结尾的词，把y变为i，再加er或est，heavyheavierheaviest重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加er或estbigbiggerbiggest部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级beautifulslowlymorebeautifulmoreslowlymostbeautifulmostslowly㈡、不规则变化：原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/ill/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest7.5形容词等级的用法㈠原级的用法：1.只能修饰原级的词:very，quite，so，too例如Heistootiredtowalkon.2.原级常用的句型结构(1)“甲+be+(倍数)+as+形容词原级+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的几倍”TomisasoldasKate. (2)“甲+be+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+乙”甲不如乙…例如，Thisroomisnotas/sobigasthatone.㈡比较级的用法：1.可以修饰比较级的词有：much，alot，far，alittle，abit，even，still2.比较级常用的句型结构：(1)“甲+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”例如:TomistallerthanKate.(2)“甲+be+形容词比较级+than+anyother+单数名词(+介词短语)”表示“甲比同一范围的任何一个人/都…”，含义是“甲最…”。例如，TheYangtzeRiverislongerthananyotherriverinChina.注意：TheYangtzeRiverislongerthananyriverinJapan.(3)“甲+be+the+形容词比较级+ofthetwo+…”表示“甲是两者中较…的”。例：Heisthetallerofthetwoboys.(4)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越…”。例如，Heisgettingtallerandtaller.(5)“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越…，越…”。例如:Themorecarefulyouare，thefewermistakesyou’llmake(6)“特殊疑问词+be+形容词比较级，甲or乙？”例如，Whichisbigger，theearthorthemoon？3.最高级常用句型结构(1)“主语+be+the+形容词最高级+单数名词+in/of短语”表示“…是…中最…的”。　例如，Tomisthetallestinhisclass./ofallthestudents.　　Thisappleisthebiggestofthefive.(2)“主语+be+oneofthe+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语”表示“…是…中最…之一”。　例如，BeijingisoneofthelargestcitiesinChina.(3)“特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比较。　例如，Whichcountryisthelargest，China，BrazilorCanada？　　形容词练习：1.Whichisthe____,thetrainstation,thebusstationortheairport?A.farB.farthestC.fatherD.morefar2.Nowtheairinourhometownis________thanitwasbefore.Somethingmustbedone.A.muchbetterB.moreworseC.morebetterD.muchworse3.Iwasfeelingtiredlastnight,soIwenttobed____thanusual.A.earlyB.earlierC.lateD.later4.Inourcity,it’s_______inJuly,butitiseven_______inAugust.A.hotter;hottestB.hot;hotC.hotter;hotD.hot;hotter5.OfthetwoAustralianstudents,Mashais___one.Ithinkyoucanfindhereasily.A.tallestB.thetallerC.tallerD.thetallest6.It’sgoodforyourhealthtodo____sports.A.muchB.leastC.moreD.most7.–Mum,couldyoubuymeadresslikethis?--Certainly,wecanbuy_____onethanthis,but_____this.A.abetter;betterthanB.aworse;asgoodasC.acheaper;asgoodasD.amoreimportant;notasgoodas8.–Whydon’tyouaskTomtodoit?--Idon’tknowwhetherheis______to.Hesometimesmakesthingsworse.A.possibleB.ableC.afraidD.easy9.LotsofvisitorscometoNanjingbecausesheis______city.A.soabeautifulB.veryabeautifulC.suchbeautifulaD.quiteabeautiful10.Ifyoulikethechicken,youmayhaveas____asyoucan.A.muchB.manyC.moreD.little11.TheChangjiangRiverisoneof____riversintheworld.A.longB.longerC.longestD.thelongest12.___childrenthereareinafamily,_______theirlifewillbe.A.Theless;thebetterB.Thefewer;thebetterC.Fewer;richerD.More;poorer13.Theboyis___youngtocarrythebox.Let’sgoandhelphim.A.tooB.soC.veryD.quite14.ThecoatIboughtlastweekistoobigforme.I’dliketochangeitfora_____one.A.smallB.largeC.nicerD.smaller15.30,000dollarsisalargeamountofmoney,butit’s______thanweneed.A.farmoreB.verymuchC.farlessD.verylittle16.Chinahas____populationintheworld.A.biggerB.largerC.thebiggestD.thelargest17.Lucy’shandwritingisgood,butRose’shandwritingismuch___.A.goodB.bestC.betterD.thebest18.Thedayisbrightand____.Let’sgoforawalk.A.sunnyB.darkC.cloudyD.windy19.Asaresult,_______peopleliketotravelbyairthanbefore.A.muchmoreB.manymoreC.moremuchD.moremany20.Whynotmakeakiteyourself?Youdon’tneed_______forit.A.anythingspecialB.somethingspecialC.specialanythingD.specialsomething21.Thiscomputerisasgoodasanewonebut_______expensive.A.muchlessB.morelessC.moremuchD.muchmore22.Theyoungscientistdecidedtowork_______inthe_______forest.A.lonely;aloneB.alone;lonelyC.alone;aloneD.lonely;lonely23._______youeatbutter,creamandchocolate,_______youwillbecome.A.Themore;thethinnerB.Theless;thefatterC.More;fatterD.Themore;thefatter24.Theoldmannextdoorwasfound_______inthelivingroom.Maybehediedfromaheartattack. .A.deadB.dieC.dyingD.death25IpaidavisittoMrsSmithyesterdayevening.Shedidn’tlook___,butshesaidshewasgettingonallright.A.asworriedaseverB.ashappyasusualC.happierthanD.ashappilyasusual26.The___boyhadbeensenttohospitalbeforehismothergotbackhome.A.illB.dangerousC.sickD.sleeping27.Sheis______shecannotreachthetopoftheblackboard.A.suchatallpersonthatB.muchshorterthanC.asshortthatD.soshortthat28.Trytomakeas_______mistakesaspossible.A.lessB.littleC.fewD.afew