高考英语语法精练精析-动词的时态和语态 9页

动词的时态和语态1.I’llgowithyouassoonasI______mywork.A.willfinishB.shallfinishC.finishDfinished答：C。在主从复合句中，若主句的时态是将来时，状语从句的时态用一般现在时来代替将来时。2.Thisisaphotoofthepower-stationthat_________inmyhometown.A.hassetupB.hasbeensetupC.wassetupD.issetup答：B。发电厂已被建起来，应用现在完成时的被动语态。3.Greatchanges______inthecity,andalotoffactoriesA.havebeentakenplace,havebeensetupB.havetakenplace,havebeensetupC.havetakenplace,havesetupD.weretakenplace,weresetup答：B。takeplace“发生”为不及物短语，不能用被动语态。建起很多于厂应用现在完成时。4.Nopermissionhas__________foranybodytoenterthebuilding.A.beengivenB.givenC.togiveD.begiving答：A。应用被动语态。5.—Where__________therecorder?Ican’tseeitanywhere.—I__________itrighthere.Butnowit’sgone!A.didyouput,haveputB.haveyouput,putC.hadyouput,wasputtingD.wereyouputting,haveput答：B。现在完成时强调对现在产生的结果和影响，而一般过去时则单纯指过去，和现在没联系，根据题干中Butnowit’sgone可判断前句用过去时put。6.Hello!I_______you__________inLondon.Howlonghaveyoubeenhere?A.don’tknow,wereB.hadn’tknown,areC.haven’tknown,areD.didn’tknow,were答：D。“我不知道你在伦敦”指在见到你之前不知道，故用一般过去时。7.—When__________again?—Whenhe________,I’llletyouknow.A.hecomes,comesB.willhecome,willcomeC.hecomes,willcomeD.willhecome,comes答：D。表“他什么时候再来”应用一般将来时，问句形式。第二个空，主句是将来时，从句用一般现在时来代替将来时。8.Theyaskedmetohaveadrinkwiththem.IsaidthatitwasatleasttenyearssinceI_______agooddrink.A.hadenjoyedB.wasenjoying第9页共9页 C.enjoyedD.hadbeenenjoying答：A。“itis+一段时间+since...”中从句用过去时。“itwas+一段时间+since...”中从句用过去完成时。9.—Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?—Notyet,therooms________.A.arebeingpaintedB.arepaintingC.arepaintedD.arebeingpainting答：A．题干中Notyet是信息句，说明没搬人新房子的原因是“房间正在粉刷”，应用被动语态。10.Thatsuit_________over60dollars.A.hadcostedB.costedC.iscostedD.cost答：D。cost值……，为不及物动词，不能用被动语态，其过去式及过去分词和原形相同．11.I________tenminutestodecidewhetherIshouldrejecttheoffer.A.gaveB.wasgivenC.wasgivingD.hadgiven答，B．“给我十分钟时间来考虑”应用被动语态。12.Mybrother______whilehe______hisbicycleandhurthimself.A.fell,wasridingB.fell,wereridingC.hadfallen,rodeD.hadfallen,wasriding答；A．fell这一瞬间动作，发生在wasriding这一延续性的动作之中。如：Grannyfellasleepwhileshewasreadingnewspapers.13.Tomwasdisappointedthatmostoftheguests_________whenhe__________atthepar-ty.A.left,hadarrivedB.left,arrivedC.hadleft,hadarrivedDhadleft,arrived答：D。when意为“当……时”，常表示当一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行或已经完成。14.Thenewsecretaryissupposedtoreporttothemanagerassoonasshe___________.A.willarriveB.arrivesC.isgoingtoarriveD.isarriving答：B。besupposedtodo...应该做……。从句用一般现在时代替将来时。15.—Comeonin,Peter.Iwanttoshowyousomething.—Oh,hownceofyou!I____you____tobringmeagift.A.neverthink,aregoingB.neverthought,weregoingC.didn’tthink,weregoingD.hadn’tthought,weregoing答：D。Ineverthought...意为“我从没想到……”，当主句用过去时，从句应用过去进行时。C项属于否定转移，意为：“我认为你不会……。”16.Tom__________hisbikeandhastogotoschoolonfooteverydaynow.A.lostB.islosing第9页共9页 C.hadlostD.haslost答：D。一般过去时单纯指过去的情况，和现在没有联系。而现在完成时则强调对现在产生的结果或影响．若选A项，他过去把自行车丢了，现在有没有白行车不清楚。17.—Haveyoufinishedthework’?—No.I____youwantedmetodoitatonce.A.don’trealizeB.didn’trealizeC.haven’trealizedD.amnotrealizing答：B．“我没有意识到”是指早没有意识到，以前没有意识到，故应用一般过去时。18.Thepolicefoundthatthchouse__________andalotofthingsA.hasbrokeninto.hasstolenB.hadbrokeninto,hadbeenstolenC.hasbeenbrokeninto.stolenD.hadbeenbrokeninto,stolen答：D。过去完成时表示动作发生在过去的过去，根据found一词可判断用过去完成时，应用被动语态．stolen是hadbeenstolen的省略式。19.WhenIwasatcollegef__________threeforeignlanguages,butl__________allexceptafewwordsofeach.A.spoke,hadforgottenB.spoke,haveforgottenC.hadspoken,hadforgottenD.hadspoken,haveforgotten答：B．“我在大学时，能说二门外语”应用过去时，“但现在都已忘了”应用现在完成时，强调对现在产生的结果或影响。20.Thestudents__________busilywhenMissBrownwenttogetabookshe________intheoffice.A.hadwritten,leftB.werewriting,hasleftC.hadwritten,hadleftD.werewriting,hadleft答：D．when意为“当……时”，表示当一个动作发生时，另一动作正在进行。根据句中的时态可知，后一空用hadleft，表示动作发生在过去的过去。21.WhenJackarrivedhelearnedMary________foralmostanhour.A.hadgoneB.badsetoffC.hadleftD.hadbeenaway答：D。go为暂短性动词，其完成时后不能接表示一段时间的状语。此类动词还有come,arrive,leave,join,marry,die,buy,begin,start,fallo22.—Doyouknowourtownatall?—No,thisisthefirsttimeI_________here.A.wasB.havebeenC.cameD.amcoming答：B。Thisisthefirst(second...)timethat...句式中，从句常用现在完成时。23.—Wecouldhavewalkedtothestation,itwassonear.—Yes,ataxi________atallnecessary.A.wasn’tB.hadn’tbeenC.wouldn’tbeD.won’tbe第9页共9页 答：A。出租车没必要是真实情况。24.Ifcitynoises__________fromincreasing,people_________shouttobeheardevenatthedinnertable20yearsfromnow.A.arenotkept,willhavetoB.arenotkept,haveC.donotkeep,willhavetoD.donotkeep,haveto答：A。在土从复合句中，若主句是将来时，从句一般用现在时代替将来时，“阻止噪音”应用被动语态25.Tom______intothehousewhennooneA.slipped,waslookingB.hadslipped,lookedC.slipped,hadlookedD.wasslipping,looked答：A．slip这一瞬间动作，发生在另一延续性动作之中。26.Wewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthathe____________officesoon.A.leavesB.wouldleaveC.leftD.hadleft答；B。主句是过去时，从句应用过去式。wouldleave为过去将来时。27.Insomepartsoftheworld,teawithmilkandsugar.A.isservingB.isservedC.servesD.served答：B。serve上菜，开饭，斟酒，为及物动词，此处可理解为“上茶”。28.ThepenI______I_______isonmydesk,rightundermynose.A.think,lostB.thought,hadlostC.think,hadlostD.thought,havelost答：B。我本(原)以为我丢了的那支钢笔就在我的书桌上。不难看出应选B项。“本以为”应用过去时thought，“丢”这一动作应表示在过去的过去，应用过去完成时。29.—CanIjoinyourclub,Dad?—Youcanwhenyou_______abitolder.A.getB.willgetC.aregettingD.willhaveget答：A。when此处可视为一种条件状语，相当于小will不能用于if引导的条件状语从句中表示将来，应用现在时代替将来时。如：Whenthereisnogravity,ourfeetwillnolongerstayontheground.如果没有引力存在的话，我们的脚就不能在地面上停留。30.—Doyoulikethematerial?—Yes,it____________verysoft.A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt答：C。feel为系动词，不能用进行式，也不用被动语态．31.Idon’treallyworkhere,I____________untilthenewsecretaryarrives.A.justhelpoutB.havejusthelpedoutC.amjusthelpingoutD.willjusthelpout答；C。指现阶段正在进行的动作。从原题Idon’treallyworkhere“第9页共9页 实际上，我不在这工作”这一信息句可判断出．这句话的真正意思是“我正在这帮忙(这是暂时的)。”32.—Wehaven’theardfromJaneforalongtime.—Whatdoyousuppose_________toher?A.washappeningB.tohappenC.hashappenedD.havinghappened答：C。第一句是信息句，所用的时态是完成时，答语中的时态也应用现在完成时。doyousuppose是插入语。33.Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit_______.A.willrainB.rainsC.rainedD.israining答：B。主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时代替将来时。另外will不能用在if引导的条件状语从句中表示将来，但可用在if引导的条件从句中表示愿望。如：Iyouwillhaveatry,1willgiveyouachance.如果你愿意试一下，我就给你一次机会。34.Mary____________adresswhenshecutherfinger.A.madeB.ismakingC.wasmakingD.makes答：C。when表示“就在那时”，相当于atthattime，与when连用的时态常是进行时，正在做或将来要做的动作。如：IwaswalkingdownthestreetwhenIheardmynamecalled.1wasjustabouttogooutwhenshecamein.35.—I’msorrytokeepyouwaiting.—Oh,notatall.I____________hereonlyafewminutes.A.havebeenB.hadbeenC.wasD.willbe答：A。题干中onlyafewminutes这一时间状语提供了重要的信息。判断应用现在完成时。常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有for,since,inthepast...years(……年来)，sofar到目前，uptonow到现在为止，thesedays这些天来。36.—_______thesportsmeetmightbeputoff.—Yes,italldependsontheweather.A.I’vebeentoldB.I’vetoldC.I’mtoldD.1tom答：A。从italldependsontheweather一句的时态和所告知的内容可以判断，应该用现在完成时。37.—Oh,it’syou!I________you.—I’vejusthadmyhaircutandI’mwearingnewglasses.A.didn’trecognizeB.hadn’trecognizedC.haven’trecognizedD.don’trecognized答：A。指“我刚才认不小你来了”，不是指现在，也不能用完成时(强调对现在产生的结果或影响)，若用现在完成时，说明现在仍没认出来。38.—Hi,Traey,youlooktired.—Iamtired.I________thelivingroom,allday.A.paintedB.hadpaintedC.havebeenpaintingD.havepainted答：C。allday是重要的信息，可判断用现在完成进行时，指“我整天都很忙”第9页共9页 。现在完成进行时常与allthetime(一直)，thewholemorning等时间状语连用。39.—Annisinhospital.—Oh,really?IandI________tothehospitalandseeher.A.don’tknow,willgoB.didn’tknow.amgoingC.didn’tknow,willgoD.haven’tknown,amabouttogo答；C。我(以前)不知道Ann住院的事，故应用过去时。begoingtodo打算做，beabouttodo正要做。will表示“不是事先打算(计划)或正要傲的事”。40.—Isthisraincoatyours?—No,mine______therebehindthedoor.A.ishangingB.hashungC.hangsD.hung答：A。该句可理解为No,itisn’tmyraincoat.Mineishangingtherebehindthedoor.41.—Can1helpyou,sir?—Yes,1boughtthisradiohereyesterday,butitA.didn’tworkB.won’tworkC.can’tworkD.doesn’twork答：D。抓住信息词but，便可推断出所省略的词now。won’t表示习惯的经常性的动作。如：Theoldcarwon’tstart．车总是不爱起动。Thedoorwon’tclose．门总是不易被关上。42.1don’tthinkJimsawme,he_________intospace.A.juststaredB.wasjuststaringC.hasjuststaredD.hadjuststared答：B。此句可理解为Idon’tthinkJimsawmeatthattime,becausehewasjuststaringintospace.43.—Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing？—Oh,I’mterriblysorry.______.A.I’mnotnoticingB.Iwasn’tnoticingC.1haven’tnoticedD.Idon’tnotice答：B。指刚才没有注意。44.Theprice________,butIdoubtwhetheritwillremainso.A.wentclownB.willgodownC.hasgonedownD.wasgoingdown答：C。从语境butIdoubtwhetheritwillremainso中可判断价格已降下来了。45.—You’redrinkingtoomuch.—Onlyathome.Noone_______mebutyou.A.isseeingB.hadseenC.seesD.saw答：C。see不用进行时。sees一般现在时指经常的或习惯的行为。46.Shirley_______abookaboutChinalastyearbutIdon’tknowwhethershehasfinishedit.A.haswrittenB.wroteC.hadwrittenD.waswriting答：D．....butIdon’tknowwhethershehasfinishedit是判断答的重要信息。第9页共9页 47.ThelasttimeI______Jane,she_______cottoninthefields.A.hadseen,waspickingB.saw,pickedC.hadseen,pickedD.saw,waspicking答：D。Thelasttime相当于从属连同，引导时间状语从句，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。48.—Tomhasalreadyarrived.—Oh,Ithoughthe________tomorrow.A.willcomeB.wascomingC.hadcomeD.comes答：B。若主句用过去时，从句应用过去式，但主句若是现在时，从句也可用过去时。come,go,arrive,stay,take,have.do等词的进行式可以表示将来。49.Bythetimethefiremenarrived,thefire________forhalfanhour.A.hadgoneoutB.hadbeenoutC.hadbeenputontD.basbeenputout答：B。goout为不及物短语，意为“熄灭”，putout是及物的短语，意为“扑灭”，可用被动语态，但goout和putout均为暂短性动词。50.Hehas_________inShanghaifortwoyears.A.gonetoB.beentoC.beeninD.gonein答：C。havegoneto...去了……(为暂短性动词)；havebeento...去过……；havebeenin...一直呆在……。51.Bythetimeyougethome,he________Guangzhou.A.hadleftforB.willhaveleftforC.hasleftforD.leftfor答：B。bythetime常与完成时连用，get是用现在时代替将来时，到将来某时刻为止，应用将来完成时。52.Bytheendoflastterm,we_______morethan3000Englishwords.A.havelearnedB.hadlearnedC.willhavelearnedD.willlearn答：B。bytheendoflastterm到过去某时刻为止．应用过去完成时。53.Manynewbuildings_____inmyhometowninthepast20years.A.wasbuiltB.builtC.havebuiltD.havebeenbuilt答：D.inthepast20years二十年来，是和现在完成时连用的时间状语。54.Inthepast,theoldmen________underthetree,tellingstories.A.wouldsitB.weresittingC.hadsatD.havesat答：A．inthepast在过去，是过去时的时间状语。would过去经常或习惯的动作。55.What________thistimeyesterday?A.areyoudoingB.willyoudoC.willyoubedoingD.wereyoudoing答：D。过去某时刻正在进行的动作应用过去进行时。56.What______fromseventoeighttomorrow?A.willyoudoB.doyoudo第9页共9页 C.willyoubedoingD.wereyoudoing答：C。表示将来某一时刻或某段时间里正在进行的动作应用将来进行时。57.Directlyhe_______,I’lltellhimthenews.A.comesB.willcomeC.iscomingD.hascome答：A．Theinstant/second/moment/minutedirectly,immediately等相当于assoon表示“一……就……”。题中主句是将来时，从句应用一般现在时代替将来时。58.Ifyoudon’tgothere,I.A.neitherdoB.neithershallC.nordoD.neitheram答：B。主句是将来时，从句用一般现在时代替将来时，题中可看出选项处为主句。59.Don’tgetoffthebusuntilit____________.A.willstopB.hasstoppedC.stoppedD.hadstopped答：B。主句是祈使句，从句也常用一般现在时代替将来时，B项hasstopped属于现在时态范畴。60.He________questionslikethat.A.willalwaysaskB.hasalwaysaskedC.willalwaysbeaskingD.isalwaysasking答：D。always与进行时连用常带有一种感情色彩，表示夸奖、赞美或不耐烦的语气。61.—Alice,whydidn’tyoucomeyesterday?—_______,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.A.hadB.wouldC.wasgoingtoD.did答：C。此处想表达“我本打算来”。若选B项，应是wouldhave(come),看作是虚拟语气的含蓄条件句，相当于IfIhadnothadanunexpectedvisitor,Iwouldhavecomeyesterday(与过去事实相反的虚拟语气)。62.Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection___________.A.hadcompletedB.completesC.hasbeencompletedD.iscompleted答：D。若从句表示的动作发生在主句动作之后，从句时态只用一般现在时。若从句表示的动作发生在主句动作之前，从句用一般现在时或现在完成时均可．如：maywatchTVafteryoufinish(havefinished)yourhomework.63.—WhoisJerryCooper?—________?Isawyoushakinghandswithhimatthemeeting.A.Don’tyoumeethimyetB.Hadn’tyoumethimyetC.Didn’tyoumeethimyetD.Haven’tyoumethimyet答；D。从Isawyoushakinghandwithhim...可知应用现在完成时。64.IwonderwhyJenny_______usrecently.Weshouldhaveheardfromherbynow.A.hasn’twrittenB.doesn’twriteC.won’twriteD.hadn’twritten答：A。从recently这一状语可判断出A项。第9页共9页 65.—Howlong_______atthisjob?—Since1990.A.wereyouemployedB.haveyoubeenemployedC.hadyoubeenemployedD.willyoubeemployed答：B。根据Since1990可判断应用现在完成时。66.Thelittlegirl______herheartoutbecauseshe________hertoybearandbelievedshewasn’tevergoingtofindit.A.hadcried,lostB.cried,hadlostC.hascried,haslostD.cries,haslost答：B。从andbelieved...并列谓语可判断第一个空应用一般过去时，hadlost表示在过去的过去。67.—Excuseme,sir.Wouldyoudomeafavor?—Ofcourse.Whatisit?—I______ifyoucouldtellmehowtofilloutthisform.A.hadwonderedB.waswonderingC.wouldwonderD.didwonder答：B。过去完成时表示在过去的过去，故排除A项。C和D明显与题意不符。waswondering...意为“我(刚才)在想(考虑)。”68.—Youhaven’tsaidawordaboutmynewcoat,Brenda.Doyoulikeit?—I’msorryI_______anythingaboutitsooner.Icertainlythinkit’sprettyonyou.A.wasn’tsayingB.don’tsayC.won’tsayD.didn’tsay答：D。根据Icertainlythinkit’sprettyonyou可判断前一句意为“抱歉我刚才没有很快做出评价。”69.HewillhavelearnedEnglishforeightyearsbythetimehe______fromtheuni-versitynextyear.A.willgraduateB.willhavegraduatedC.graduatesD.istograduate答：C。主句是将来时，从句用现在时代替将来时。70.ftishardformetoitnaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI_________inlove,attheageofseven,withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.A.wouldn’thavefallenB.hadnotfallenC.shouldfallD.weretofall答：B。此句为虚拟语气的错综时间条件句，从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。第9页共9页