2016年英语语法专项总复习 38页

名词名词的数1、可数名词与不可数名词A、不可数名词,初中阶段常见的不可数名词有:water;meat;rice;bread;milk;tea;orange（桔汁）;fruit;air;snow;chalk;work;paper（纟氏）;time（时间）；music;weather;grass;news;food;fish（鱼肉）;coke;ponidge;cake（可数或不可数）.不可数名词应注意以下几点:1）前无数、冠，后无复数；作主语为三单.2）表虽用约数some/any;much;alotof或用of短语eg.Thereisbreadonthetable.[C]A.aB.oneC.apieceofD.manyThereissomeontheplate.[B]A.appleB.fishC.milksD.deer2、可数名词的复数A、不规则变化：man一men;woman一women;child一childrenpoliceman—policemenEnglishman一EnglishmenFrenchman—Frenchmenfoot一feet;tooth一teethmouse（Kl）—miceB、规则变化1）s;sh;ch;x结尾加es读[iz]2）ce;se;ze;（d）ge结尾加seg.boxes[bksiz]blouses[blauziz]3）f（fe）结尾则变f（fe）为v加es…读[vz]eg.knives[naivz]4）“辅+y”结尾变y为i加es清就清[s]5）—般加s浊就浊[z]eg.books[buks]pens[penz]babies[beibiz]但注意以下儿点：①potato一potatoes;tomato一tomatoes②单复同形：fish;sheep;deer;Chinese;Japanese③由man,woman在词首构成的复合名词应将两部分部变成复数mandoctor一mendoctors④reef—reefs⑤“某国人”的复数：屮FI不变英法变，具余s加后面.eg.German一Germans⑥people,police常用单数形式表示复数概念Thepolicearelookingforthemissingboy.3、名词所有格：名词1（意思是“......的”）A.有生命的名词所有格，一般在后加心s”但注意：1）表两者共有则在后者加"s”LucyandLily"sfather露卩1i和莉莉的父亲 Lucy"sandLily"sfathers露西的父亲和莉莉的父亲.2）以s结尾的词只加“…eg.1)theboys，books2)James，father3)无生命的名词所有格用of来引导eg.thelegofthedesk4)双重所有格：afriendofmyfather^afi*iendofmine(P)afriendofmy(x)练习一、写出卜•列词的复数l.book2.bus3.orange4.baby5.boy6.my7.hisS.knife9.watch10.sheep11.tooth12.leaf13.German14.Chinese二、选择正确的答案()1.—Arethose?—No,theyaren"t.They9re・A.sheep;cowsB.sheep;cowC.sheeps;cowD.sheeps;cows()2.Mum,Fmquitethirsty.Pleasegiveme.A.twoorangeB・twobottlesoforangeC.twobottlesorangeD.twobottlesoforanges()3.1havegotnewsfrommyfriend.Doyouwanttoknow?A.averygoodB.anyC.apieceofD・twopieces()4.roomisonthe5thfloor.A.LucyandLilyB.LucyandLilyasC.Lucy，sandLilyD・Lucy"sandLily"s()5.EverymorningMr.Smithtakesatohisoffice・A.20minutes,walkB・20minutedwalkC.20-minuteswalkD.20-minutewalk()6.ThisisJamesAllanGreen.Wecancallhim.A.Mr.GreenB.Mr.AllanC.Mr.JamesD.JamesGreen()7.JackandTomare・A.goodfriendsB.goodfriendC.agoodfriendD.goodafriend()8.It"sonlyabouttenwalktothenearestpostoffice.A.minutesB.minute"sC・minutes，D.minute()9.Heoftenhasforbreakfast・A.twobreadsB.twopieceofbreadsC.twopiecesofbreadD.twopiecesofbreads ()10.Mrs.Greenhastwo・They"reverybright.A.childsB.childC.children"sD.children()1l.WhatdidtheheadmastersayaboutJim"s・A.twomonthsholidayB.twomonthsholidayC.two・monthholidayD.twomonthsholidays()12.1worftgotherewithyou,forIhavealotoftodo.A.worksB.jobC・workD.working()13.LiLeiisafriendof.A.IsisterB.mysister^sC.mesisterD.mysisterof()14.Haveyouread?A.todaysB・todaypaperC.thetoday"spaperD.today"spaper()15.Howmanyarethereintheroom?A.boxesB・boxC・boxsD.boxxes()16.Manyhavebeenbuiltinourcitysince1987.A.factorysB.factoriesC.factoryesD.factorys()17.Therearelotsofinthebasketonthetable.A.tomatosB・tomatoC.tomatoesD.tomatoss()18.Thecatcaughttwolastnight.A.mousesB・miceC・mouseD.mices()19.Jackwenttohavetwopulledoutyesterdayafternoon.A.toothsB.toothC.teethD.toothes()20.Inourschooltherearefifty-five・A.womenteachersB.womanteachersC.womenteacherD・woman，steacher()2l.Thethreewillbeputintoprison・A.thiefsB.thiefC.thievesD.thiefs,冠词一、不定冠词a/an和定冠词theI.用恰当的冠词a/an/the填空，如不需用冠词,用表示。1.Jimishonestboy.Wealllikehimverymuch.2.YellowRiverissecondlongestriverinChina.3.—Hello,LiMing.Haveyougote-mailaddress?—Oh,yes・IfsMingsmilc@126.com.4.Wecan"tseesunatnight.5.Thereisappletreeinmygarden.It，sover10yearsold.6.Inhisfreetimeheoftenplayspianoandfootball.7.Januaryisfirstmonthoftheyear.&Ilikespring.It"sbestseasonoftheyear. 9.MissWhiteisunknownwriter.Shealwayshasbagwithher.10.womaninapurpleskirtisBetty^mother.II.将F列汉语句子翻译成英语。1.他打了我的脸。2.我们应该尽可能多地去帮助穷人。3.史密斯一家太忙了不能经常写信。III.单项选择()1.1likeplayingviolinandmybrotherlikesplayingbasketball.A./;theB.the;theC.the;/D./;/()2.—You"vedropped"s"intheword“cros".一Oh,letter“s"shouldbedoubledlikethis"cross".A.a;aB.an;theC.a;theD.the;,the()3.一Excuseme,sir.Whichcupisyours?smallone.A./B.AC.AnD.The()4.—WhatcanIdoforyou?一Iwantorangeblouseformydaughter.A.anB.theC.aD./【指点迷津】1.不定冠词a/an的用法：冠词a,an两种帽，许多名词常需要。开头读音如是元，要把an帽來讨要。辅音其首带a帽，记住规律莫乱套。2.定冠词the的用法：特指双方熟悉，上文已经提及。世上独一无二，方位名词乐器。某些专有名词，外加复数姓氏。序数词最高级，习惯用语要特记。二、不用冠词的情况I.单项选择()1.Wehavelunchinmiddleoftheday.A./;theB.the;theC.the;/D./;/()2.—The2010AsianGameswillbeheldonNovember12inGuangzhou.一goodnews!A.HowaB.WhataC.HowD.What()3.Thisismypencil.Tmwritingwithpencil.A./;theB.the;aC.the;/D.a;theII.用合适的冠词填空，如果不需川冠词，川‘尸表示。1.animalscan^tlivewithoutwater.2.Chinaisgreatcountrywithlonghistory.3.1wenttoschoolwithoutbreakfastthismorning.4.Heoftenplaysbasketballafterschool. 【指点迷津】不用冠词的基本情况：下列情况不川冠，名词之前代词限。复数名词表泛指，球类学科和三餐。专有名词不可数，星期月份季节前。交通手段和节日，习惯称谓和头衔。三、有定冠词与无定冠词的区别1.单项选择（）1.BeforeIgotobed,Fdliketohavecupoftea.A.the;aB.a;aC./;/D./;a（）2.“Whatonearthareyoudoing?^^Momasked.A.aB.anC.theD./II.根据汉语提示完成句子。1.1hopetoseeyouagainsometime（明年）.2.MayIaskifyouliketraveling（乘船）？【指点迷津】1.gotoschool（学生）上学gototheschool到学校去（不一定是学生）2.gotobed上床睡觉gotothebed向床边走去（不一定睡觉）3.infrontof在（夕卜部）的前面inthefrontof在（内部）的前面4.nextyear明年thenextyear第二年5.onearth究竞ontheearth在地球上6.bysea乘船bythesea在海边数词一、基数词的写法和读法I.你能川英语写出下面的数字吗？I.8692.1043.1,230,6184.6,666,666,666II.单项选择（）1.Lastyeargirlstookpartinthecompetitionbutonlyfewofthemsucceeded.A.tenmillionsB.millionsofC.tenmillionofD.tenmillionsof（）2.—Canyouwritethenumberonemillion,sevenhundredandfifty-fivethousand,sixhundredandforty-six?—Yes,itis.A.1,755,646B.10,755,646C.17,055,646D.1,705,646二、考查序数词的用法I.根据括号内的汉语提示完成句了，每空词数不限。1.Decemberis（十二）monthoftheyear.2.Whydoit（第二）time?Letmegiveyouahandthistime.3.The（M/）questionismuchmoredifficultthanthisone.II.单项选择（）1.一Howoldisyourson? —.WehadaspecialpartyforhisbirthdaylastSunday.A.Nine;nineB.Nine;ninthC.ninth;ninthD.Ninth;nine（）2.一Althoughyoufailedfourtimes,Ihopeyoucanhavetry.—Thankyou,Iwill. A.thefifthB.afifthC.thefourthD.afourth【指点迷津】1•基数词变序数词：一二三要全变，其他・th加后面，8it,9去e,5和12ve变f,ty耍变tie。2.序数词在使用时，通常前面耍加定冠词the,但是如果序数词前出现不定冠词a/an,则表示“再一、乂一三、考查分数I.写出下列分数。I.五分Z四2.一分Z—3.四分之三4.一个半小时II.单项选择()Lofthestudentsinthisschoolis2000,andofthemaregirls.A.Thenumber;firstfourthB.Thenumber;onefourthC.Anumber;onesecondD.Anumber;threequarters()2.isenoughforme.A.OneandahalfhourB.OnehourandhalfC.OneandhalfhourD.Oneandahalfhours【指点迷津】1.分数的写法：英语分数不费事，“母序子基"‘四个字。分子若是大于一，分母还须加2.当分数后面接名词时，如果分数表示的值大于1,名词川复数，小于1,名词川单数。四、考查年代、几十来岁、年、刀、H和时刻的表达法I.单项选择()1.—Whatisthedatetoday?—]t，s.A.ThursdayB.JunethesixteenthC.thebestdayD.Monday()2.—WhenwereyoubominShanghai?A.InJanuary1st,1995B.OnJanuary1st,1995C.On1995,Januaiy1stD.In1stJanuary,1995()3・Hebegantoworkthereinhis・A.fiftiesB.fiftyC.fiftiethD.thefiftieth()4.It，stentoten.Wecanalsoreadit.A.ninefifteenB.ninefiftyC.tenpasttenD.tentenII.根据括号内的汉语提示完成句子。1.Mygrandpajoinedtheparty(在20世纪30年代).2.Everydayhebeginstodohishomeworkat(7:10).【指点迷津】1.英语中年月日的表达法和汉语中的不同，年在后，刀日在前，如July4th,1973o还要注意单纯年的表达法：一般分成两半來读，如1998nineteenninety-eight,但有一些比较特殊,如2000twothousand:2008twothousandandeight等。 1.时刻的表达法一般有三种:—种是按顺序用基数词读,如：6:15sixfifteen；种是在半小时以内(包括半小时)，用分钟+past+小时，如6:15fifteenpastsix；另一种是超过半小时,用(60■分钟)+to+(小时+1),如：6:55fivetoseveno2.inthe+年的复数，表示年代；inone"s+逢十的基数词复数，表示在“几十来岁”。代词经典基础题1.单项选择题1•There"ssomethingwrongwithmycomputer.MayIuse?A.yourB.mineC・youD・yours2.■一Sheistoobusytohelpusfinishthework・一-Let"sdoit.A.herselfB.myselfC.ourselvesD.itself3.Look!brotherandBobbyareenjoyingneartheriver.A.You;yourselvesB.Mine;themselvesC・Your;themselvesD.David;themselves4.■一MayIuseyourbike.isbroken.■一Sure・A.MyB.mineC.Yours5.一-IsthatMary?-一Right.SheIniceandIlikeverymuch.A.herselfB.herC.hersD.she6.Billisintheclassroom,doinghomework・A.heB.himC.hisD.himself7.1askedherfororangejuice,butshedidn"thave・A.any;anyB.some;anyC.some;someD.any;some1.—HaveyouheardoftheaccidentaboutJoan?―Theaccident?No,Ihaven^t.tellmeaboutA.itB.herC.himD.them2.Kateisnice.Iliketoworkwith・A.sheB.herC・hersD.he3.Bettyandhersisterwenttothemuseumwitharelativeof・A.herB.hersC.theirD.theirs4.…DoyouknowAlice?…Yes,Iknowveiywell.A.sheB.herselfC.herD.hers9.词形转换10.Youhavetobelievein(you)・That"sthesecretofsuccess・11.Theyoungmsnandhissisterbothlost(they)inthebeautifulsong.12.Oneof(her)friendswillgotoAmericaforfurtherstudy・13.Mywatchisoutofwork.Whatabout(you)?14.OurwayoflearningEnglishisalotbetterthan(they)・15.TheteachersaidtoSam,“Don，tplaywiththeknife,oryouwillhurt(you).^热点创新题18-Themachineiseasytouse.Ithinkcanleamtouseitinashorttime.A.somebodyB.anybodyC・nobodyD・fewpeople 19.Comeon,Sue!Here"sabouttheEnglishSpeechContest・A.anythingspecialB.nothingexcitingC.usefulsomethingD.somethinguseful20.■一Doyouwantanappleorapear?―・Ireallydon"tmind.A.BothB.NoneC.EitherD.Neither21.…Look!Whafsinthesky?―Itlookslikeakite.A.thisB.thatC.those22.■一Here"scoffeeandtea.Youmayhave・—Thanks.A.eitherB・eachC.oneD.it23.ofthemknowsFrench,soIhavetoaskathirdpersonforhelp.A.NeitherB.EitherC.BothD.None24.ShirleyhadtobuytheseCDsbecauseshedidn"tknowwhichonetotake.A.allB.noneC.eachD.both25.—IsOK,Lucy?—No,mymathisnotasgoodasEnglish・A.everythingB.somethingC・nothingD.anything26.■一Whatelsedoyouwant?—else.IthinkIhavegoteverythingready.A.SomethingB.NothingC.AnythingD.Everything27.■一Couldyoulendmeyourpen?Ofcourse.Ihavetwo,andofthemwritewell.A.anyB.allC.bothD.two28.ThepearsinmybasketaresmallerthaninJim"s・A.itB.thatC.onesD.those29.ofthethreebusinessmenknewaboutthedocumentbecauseitwaskeptasecret.A.NoneB.NeitherC.AnyD.Each30.…Whodidyoufindintheroom?…・A.NobodyB.NotC.NoD.None综合拓展题31•Yourdigitalwatchisquitenice・Wheredidyoubuy?Iwanttobuy,too.A.one;oneB・it;itC.it;oneD・one;it32.—-WhotaughtFrench?…Nobody.Shelearnedallby.A.herself;herB.she;herselfC.her;herselfD.Her;she中考总复习■语法■介词第一课时一屮考要求1•熟练掌握常用介词的基本用法（表示时间、地点、位置、方式等）。如：in,on,at,of,to,from,by,with,for,about,after,before等。2.理解所学介词的一般用法。二练习1）用合适的介词填空。1.You"dbetternotgotheforest.Ifsdangerous.2.Whichroomareyougoingtolive?3.Thebuildingisfire.Therearesomepeoplethetopfloor.4.Before1990therewasnoairlinethetwocities. 1.It"snotgoodtocomelateschool.2.What"swrongyourbike? 1.Thankyouverymuchcomingtoseeme.&Icouldn^tfinishityourhelp・9.Dorftlaughothersmistakes.10.Dothetwinslooktheirfather?2）单项选择。1.TherearetwoclassesWednesdayafternoon・A.AtB.inC.onD.to2.ThisprogramwassenttotheUSAChinasatellite.A.in;ofB.of;inC.from;byD.by;fromThevisitorsJapanarrivedBeijingStationlastTuesdaymorning.A.from;atB.of;toC・from;toD.of;on1.Herearesomepresentsyouourbestwishes.A.to;withB.for;withC.of;aboutD.for;for2.Lilyaskedherbrother,Mike,nottobeangryher.A.inB.toC.withD.for3.Iseveryoneheregooddancing?A.atB.onC.toD.for4.TheyarrivedGuangzhouthemorningofMay25.A.at;inB.in;inC・in;onD.at;during&Childrenareoftentoldnottoplayfire.A.onB.forC.withD.under9.Noonecanstophergoingaway.A.ofB.fromC.toD.outof10.Theeasergoesonestudentanother.A.from;forB.from;tillC.from;afterD.from;to中考总复习■语法■介词第二课时in,on,at,一屮考要求1•熟练掌握常用介词的基本用法（表示时间、地点、位置、方式等）。如:of,to,from,by,with,for,about,after,before等。2.理解所学介词的一般用法。二知识点补充中考习惯用语和固定搭配中的重耍介词词组：alotofanumberofallkindsofbeproudofbreakinbringupbydaybythewaycallupcareforcatchupwithcheckincomeoncometoapieceofagreewithbestrictwithbelongtocheckoutcomeincomeupwithcomparetocomparewithbyaccidentbyaircallincalloncanyoncarryoutconnectwithdealwithdifferentfrom farawayfill...withfillinfromnowon getonwithgobyhandinhearofhundredsofinfrontofgetongoondoinghangonhelponeselftoinahurryinorderthat/togiveingiveupgoonwithgoonhavefunwithhavetointimeinsteadofleadtolaughatlookforwardtolookupondutypassbyrefertohelpsb.withsth.holdoninallindangerinsurpriseintheendkeeponknockatliveonlookformakefriendswithmillionsofnexttooughttoputonstandfortalkaboutturnononshowpayforsendforthinkoftryonwaitfor练习：根据中文补全英文句子1.北京以长城闻名。writetoontimepointtosoastothousandsofusedtodosth.usedtosth.BeijingtheGreatWall.2.我很高兴来这以后交了许多朋友。sinceIcamehere.I3.汶川地震后，人们现在正忙着建设白己的新家园。newhomesnow.AfterWenchuanEarthquake,People1.过去那里有一棵大树。Therebeabigtree.2.他对集邮很感兴趣，以至于为此花费了大量的时间。Heiscollectingstampstoomuchtimeonit.3.萨利每周向她的妈妈要五美元零花钱。Sallyfivedollarseveryweek.4.没有什么能够阻止战士们进入汶川。NothingcouldthesoldiersWenchuan.5.恐怕张华上学要迟到了。FmZhangHuaschool.6.听说你和比尔现在都忙着准被考试呢。IhearfromyouandBilltheexams.II•很抱歉我上学乂迟到了。Fmsorryschoolagain.1.我们已为2008年奥运会做好了准备。Wethe2008Olympics.2.李明昨犬晚上直到妈妈回來才上床睡觉。LiMingyesterdayevening.3.不要害怕犯错课，因为没有人总是对的。becausenobodyisrightallthetime. 1.有休I难向警察求助。ifyouare.屮考总复习■语法■连词第一课时一屮考要求1.掌握并列连词的基本用法。如：and,but,or,so等。2.掌握常用从屈连词的基本用法。如：when,after,before,assoonas,because,if等。二知识点学习1.并列连词1)表示并歹(I关系的连词方"：and,both...and...,neither...nor...,notonly...butalso...,aswellas等。Weweresinginganddancingallevening.整个晚上我们都在唱歌跳舞。Wouldyoulikefishorbeef?你要鱼还是牛肉？Sheisnotonlyasingerbutalsoadancer.2)表示转折关系的并列连词有：but,yet,while,however,nevertheless,still等等。Allthishedid,butithadnoeffectatall.这一切他都做了，但一点都不起作用。Theyareuglyandexpensive,yetpeoplebuythem.他们乂丑乂贵，但人们还是要买。Hisfirstresponsewastosayno.Later,however,hechangedhismind.他的第一反应是不行，但后來他改变了主意。3)表示因果关系得并列连词:so,for,then,thereforeoOurcaseswereheavy,sowetookataxi.我们的箱子很重，因此我们坐了出租车。Hehadgone;shethereforegavethemoneytome.他走了，于是她把钱给了我。4)表示选择关系得并列连词有:or,orelse,either...or...,otherwise等。Workhard,oryouwillfailintheexam.Eitherheoryouhavetakenmyumbrellabymistake.2)从属连词(1)引导宾语从句的从屈连词有：that,whether,if,wh-疑问词1).that用于引导陈述句的宾语从句，可以省去，女口：•ShesaysthatshelikeswatchingTVverymuch.2).when,where,who,why,what等连接副词连接由特殊疑问句转化过来的宾语从旬。女(1：•Doyouknowwhenthetrainarrives?•Canyoutellmewhereyoucomefrom?3).if,whether连接有一般疑问句转化过來的宾语从句。•Theyarewonderingiftheycangetthemoneyback.•Sheaskedthelibrarianwhethershehadtopayforthelostbook.注意:(1)WewillgototheGreatWallifitdoesn"traintomorrow.Idon"tknowifhewillcometomorrow.(2)后跟ornot时,不能使用if引导 Fmnotsurewhetherornottheshopisopen.(1)当后跟动词不定式时，不能使用if引导DoyouknowwhethertogototheGreatWalltomonow?三练习()1.—Becareful,youwillmakemistakesinyourexams・——Iknowthat,Mum.Onecanneverbetoocareful.A.andB.orC.norD.but()2.1canswimskate.Fmgoingtohavesometrainingnextyear.A.either,orB.neither,norC・both,andD・notonly,butalso()3._John_Iarepolicemen.A.Neither…norB.Either...orC・Both...andD.Notonly...butalso()4.Couldyoutellmetomorrow?A.whenwillthepartybeginB・whenthepartywillbeginC.whenwouldthepartybeginD.whenthepartywouldbegin()5.Workhard,youwoiftcatchupwiththeotherstudents・A.orB.soC.andD.but()6.Mr.Wangdidn"ttellustenyearsago.A.whereheworkedB.wheredidheworkC.whereheworksD.wheredoeshework()7.Lisausuallygetstoschoolat7:45hasthefirstclassat8:00.A.butB.andC.soD.or()8.——Willyoupleasetellmethemusic?—Sure・Justclick(点击)here.A.whencanIdownloadB・whenIcandownloadC・howcanIdownloadD.howIcandownload()Tonyisverypoor,heisveiyhappy.A.andB.butC.orD.to()21・IranasfastasIcouldtothestationIstillmissedthebus.A.andB.butC.orD.so()32.-…Doyouknowsince2007?・■一Letmesee,ohabout1,700words.A.howmanywordshavewelearnedB.howmanywordsdowelearnC.howmanywordswehavelearnedD.howmanywordsweleam()22.一You"dbettergohomeatonceyourmotherwillbeworried.-Allright.A.andB.orC.butD.so屮考总复习■语法■连词第二课时一屮考要求1.掌握并列连词的基本用法。如：and,but,or,so等。 1.掌握常用从屈连词的基本用法。如：when,after,before,assoonas,because,if等。二知识点学习从属连词：弓I导状语从句when,until,after,before,assoonas,since,for,although,if,because,sothat,asif；so...that,while等1.引导时间状语从句的从属连词：when,before,after,until,assoonas(主将从现)Don"tgetexcitedwhenyoutalk.讲话时别激动。Flltakenostepsuntilyouarrive.你來之前我不会采取什么行动2.引导条件状语从旬的从属连词：if,unless,aslongasImustleaveifthafsthecase.如果情况如此我就得走了。Fllgotheretomorrowunlessitrains.除非卜雨,否则我明天去那里。3.引导原因状语从句的从属连词:because,as,sinceHewasworriedbecausehehadn"thadanyletterfromher.他很担忧因为他没收到过她一封信。AsDavidhadapassionforwalking,westartedoffonfoot.由于大卫喜欢走路，我们就步行出发了。4.引导方式状语从句的从属连词:as,asif,asthoughWhenatRome,doastheRomansdo.入境随俗。Hepausedasifexpectinghertospeak.他停了停，像是在期待她说话。5.引导结果状语从句的从属连词:so...that...,such...that...Hewassofatthathecouldn"tgetthoughthedoor.他胖得连I、］都过不去了。Jimmadesuchanoisethathissistertoldhimtobequiet.吉姆吵成那样，他姐姐让他安静点。6.引导让步状语从句的从属连词:though/although,evenifThoughnotlarge,theroomwaslightandairy.房间虽然不大,采光和通风却很好。Thegirl,thoughplain,hadakindface.这姑娘虽然相貌平庸，却有一张善良的脸。Iwouldn"tdoit,evenifyoupaidmeathousandpounds.即使你付我一「英镑，我也不干。Xkbl.com7.引导目的状语从句的从属连词:sothat,inorderthatHeleftearlyinorderthathischildrenwouldnotbealoneinthehouse.他早早动身，以免孩了们单独待在家里。AskhertohurryupwiththeletterssothatIcansignthem.让她快点把信打好，以便我能签字。注意：不能同时出现在一个句子中的连词。"because,so不能同时出现在一个句了里，只用其屮之一。Becauseinourschoolknewhim,sowehadnotroubleinfindinghim.2).though/although,but不能同时岀现在一个句了里，只用其屮之一。但though可以与yet,still同时出现在一个句子中。ThoughAustraliaisverylarge,butthepopulationisquitesmall.(X)练习：()23.Johndoesn^tlikeplayingsportshelikeswalkinghisdog・ A.butB.andC.soD.or()30.一Doyouknow?一NextTuesday.A.whenMeWhitewillvisitusB.whenwillMr.WhitevisitusC.whyMr.WhitewillvisitusD.whywillMr.Whitevisitus()21.Thehotelisverysmall,ifsverycleanandcomfortable.A.soB.andC.butD.or()33・Iwanttoknowthedayaftertomorrow・A.whatwillhedoB.whathewilldoC.whathedidD.whatdidhedo()23.Weweresoexcitedthatwerushedintothestreetweheardthenews.A.untilB.eversinceC.asifD.assoonas()33.一Lucy,IhearthenewTVtowerisfantastic.Couldyoutellme?一Sure!TakeNo.8bus.Ifsnotfhr.A.howfaritisB.whereisitC.howIcangetthereD.whichbusshouldItake()33.—Doyouknownow?Iwanttovisither.一Sorry.Idon"tknow.A.wheredidKateliveB.wheredoesKateliveC.whereKatelivedD.whereKatelives()23.Youshouldstartworkingharder,youwoiTtpassthecourse.A.andB.soC.butD.or()33・Assoonashecomesback,I"lltellhimwhenandseehim・A.willyoucomeB.youwillcomeC・doyoucomeD.youcome形容词一、考查形容词的用法I.单项选择()1.—Whatnewsitwas!一Yes,allofthechildrenwerevery・・A.surprising;surprisedB.surprising;surprisingC.surprised;surprisedD.surprised;surprising()2.—Thiskindoffruitlooks.一Yes,andittasteseven.A.well;goodB.nice;betterC.good;worseD.better;best()3.Hebecamewhenheheardtheexcitingnews・A.angryB・angrilyC.happyD.happily()4.TheiceinthelakeisaboutonemeterIt"sstrongenoughtoskateon.A.longB.highC.thickD.wideII.根据括号内的汉语提示完成句了。1.(年轻人)shouldbepoliteto(老人). 1.Don"tleavethedoor(开着的).It"stoocold.2.Thebabyis(睡着的).TurndowntheTV,please.3.Basketballisakindof(受欢迎的)sport.Mostpeoplelikeit.4.Helivesalone,buthedoesn"tfeel(孤独的).5.Chinaisa(发展小的)country.二、考杏形容词的位置I.根据汉语提示完成旬了。I.你还冇别的事情要说吗？Doyouhavetosay?2•老师有一些重要的事情要告诉我们。Theteacherhastotellus.1.人口问题将会是一个人问题。Thepopulationwillbe2.妈妈帯着一个装满鸡蛋的篮子从超市回来了。MomcamebackfromthesupermarketwithII.单项选择()1・Tom"sfatherthinksheisalready・A.highenoughB.tallenoughC・enoughhighD.enoughtall()2.—Whatthingscanyouseeinthepicture,myfriend?一Nothing,Ithink.A.otherB.elseC.anotherD.others三、考杳形容词的比较级和最高级I.单项选择()1.Sheiscarefulasme,butI"mthanyou.A.as;muchcarefulB.as;muchmorecarefulC.so;morecarefulD・so,verycareful()2.Tomhasmadeprogressthistermthanbefore・A.littleB.lessC.fewerD.much()3.Whichis,thesun,themoonortheearth?A.bigB.biggerC.thebiggestD.thebigger()4.MysistersingsEnglishsongsofusall.A.badlyB.worseC・morebadlyD・worst()5.Ofthetwogirls,Lucyisone.Ithinkyoucanfindhereasily.A.tallestB.thetallerC.tallerD.thetallestII.根据括号内的汉语提示完成句了。1.Thisappleis(是的两倍大)thatone.2.Myhometownisgetting(越来越漂亮).3.Shanghaiis(最美丽的城市之一)inChina.4.(越It)heis,(越高兴)hefeels.5.Nowtheairinourhometownis(好得多)thanitwastenyearsago.副词一、考杳副词的用法 I.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.“Wemustkeepinthelibrary,"thelibrariansaidtome.(quiet)2.Pleasereadthesentences.Theyouread,thefewermistakesyou,11make,(careful)3.1didn"tsleeplastnight,sonowIfeelverytired,(well)2.MrSmithwasmovedatthenews,(deep)3.Itsnowedlastnightandnowthestreetsarecoveredwithsnow,(heavy) II•单项选择()1.Whatacough!Youseemill.A.terrible;terriblyB.terribly;terribleC・terrible;terribleD.terribly;terribly()2.Ifyouwanttoknowtheword、yoifdbetterlookitupinthedictionary.A.hardlyB.carefullyC・mostlyD.exactly()3.Willyoupleasespeaktoanoldperson?A.kindB.kindlyC.badD.badly二、考查副词的分类和位宜单项选择Sheleavesitfortomorrow.D.sometimesD.hardD.WhoD.How)1.Shealwaysfinishesherhomeworkontime.A.alwaysB.neverC・usually)2.—CanyoucatchwhatIsaid?——Sorry,Icanunderstandit.A.almostB.hardlyC・nearly)3.—isyoursisternow?—Sheismuchbette匚A.HowB.WhatC.Where)4.一isMike?一Ithinkheisatschool.A.WhoB.WhatC.Where()5・—Hi,Bob!Icarftfindmyhistorybook・Haveyouseenit一SonyIhaven"t・WhynotaskTim?Perhapshe"sseenit.A.somewhereB.everywhereC・nowhereD・anywhere()6.一haveyoubeeninChina?—Forthreemonths.A.HowlongB.HowsoonC.HowfarD.Howoften()7.—Haveyouhadyoursupper?一Yes,Ihavehadit.A.already;yetB.yet;yetC.already;neverD.yet;already()&—Ihaven"beentoLondonyet.—Ihaven"tbeenthere•A.tooB.alsoC.eitherD.neither()9.Pleasedon"teaticecream.It"sbadforyourhealth.A.muchtooB.toomuchC・toomanyD.manytoo()10.ThecomputerisexpensivethatIcan*afiordit.A.soB.suchC.veryD.quiteA.earlyB.earlierC.lateD.later直接引语和间接引语【练习导航】将下列直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词。1・Tamdoingmyhomework/9shesaid. Shesaidthatdoinghomework.1.“Ihaven"tbeentherebefore,^Susansaidtome.Susanmethatshetherebefore.3・"Lucywenttotheparkwithherfriends/9Lilysaid.LilysaidthatLucytotheparkwithherfriends.2.Mygeographyteachersaid,“Thesunisbiggerthantheearth/"Mygeographyteachersaidthatthesunbiggerthantheearth.3.“Icleanedtheroomyesterday/5Tomsaid.Tomtoldmethathecleanedtheroom.4.“Youcancomeherebeforefive：，hesaid・Hesaidthat1beforefive.7・“Tomrepairedhiscartwoweeksago,"shesaid・ShesaidthatTomrepairedhiscartwoweeks・1."Didyoufinishtheworklastweek?"heasked.HeIhadfinishedtheworktheweek•2.Shesaid,“Youcansithere,SheJimthathesitthere.3.Heasked,"Whenwillyoubeback,Susan?”HeaskedSusanbeback.4.Sheaskedme,“Youwenttherethatday，didn"tyou?"Sheaskedmetherethatday.5.“Didyoudoyourhomeworklastnight,Jack?”Sheasked.SheaskedJackhishomeworkthenight.6.Theoldmansaidtome,"Leavethewindowopen：Theoldmanmeleavethewindowopen.7."Doyouwanttohaveacupoftea?”Tomaskedme.Tommetohaveacupoftea.15・“DonYplayfootballinthestreet,Mike/5shesaid.SheMikefootballinthestreet.主谓一致英语屮句子的主语耍与其后的谓语保持一致，即“主谓一致”。-•般遵循三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。【练习导航】I.用适当的be动词或助动词填空。I・Everystudentgotabook.2.Thenumberofstudentsintheschoolnowrising.3.Anumberofboysplayingbasketballatthemoment.4.Theresomethingelseinthedesk.5.Tom,togetherwithhismother,gonetoNewYork.6.Theteacherwithtwostudentsplayingsports.7.Thispairoftrousersmadebymyauntlastyear.8.Fivemonthsalongtimetowait・ 2.Heresomebooks・3.Tocleantheroomyourduty.4.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。I・WhenIgotthere,theyeach(read)abook・ 2.Neitherofus(like)thestorybook・3.Everyoneexceptme(go)tothecinemayesterday.4.Afootballteamoften(have)elevenplayers・5.Noonebutmyparents(know)thetruth.6.Jim"sfamily(enjoy)watchingTVaftersupper.7.Whatyousaid(be)quiteusefultous.1&Look!Theclass(do)morningexerciseontheplayground・19.Twentyyears(have)passedsincehelefthishometown・20.Threeglassesofmilk(be)enoughforus.I.单项选择()21.EitherTomorIgoingtheretomoirow.A.arcB・isC・amD.be()22.Jennyaswellasherfi*iendsswimming.A.aregoingB・hasgoneC・weregoingD.havegone()23.Nooneswimminginsuchbadweathe匚A.likeB.likesC.likingD.liked()24.—Whatthenumberofthestudentsinyourschool?一Abouttwothousand.Anumberofthemfi*omtheUSA・A.is;areB・is;isC.are;isD.are;are()25.1hearonethirdofthebooksinWuhuLibrarynew.Lefsborrowsome.A.isB.areC.wasD.were()26.Goodnews!Therefbwerpeoplecatchingthiskindofillnessnow.A.areB・isC.wasD.were()27.Thenewsveryinteresting!Tellmemore!A・isB・areC・wereD.was()28.—Idon"tthinkit"sgoodtodriveeighthourswithoutarest.—Iagree.Eighthoursreallyaverylongtime.A.hasB.isC・areD.am()29.EitherTomorshegoingtothepartynextweek・Oneofthemmuststayathome・A・areB.wasC・isD・be()30.ThisismytwinsisterLucy.BothsheandIgoodatdrawing.A.amB.isC・arcD.be()31.NowthestudentseachanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.A.hasB.haveC・ishavingD.arehaving()32.OneofmyfriendsalreadymovedtoLondon.A.doB・doesC.haveD.has()33.1thinkphysicsmoredifficultthanChinese.A.isB.areC.haveD.has()34.NotonlyJimbutalsohissisterafewcitiessincetheycametoChina.A・willvisitB・hasvisitedC.havevisitedD.visited()35.NeitherJimnorhiscousinstoFrance,butofthemknowthecountryverywell. A.havebeen;allC.hasbeen;allB・havebeen;bothD.hasbeen;both感叹句感叹句是用来表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的旬子，通常由how或what来引导。【练习导航】I.按要求完成下面的句子，每空一词。1.Theseflowersareverybeautiful.（改为感叹句）theseflowersare!2.Thelittleboyisveryclever.（改为感叹句）thelittleboyis!3.It"safunnystory.（改为感叹句）stoiyitis!4.Whatagoodgirlsheis!（改为同义句）girlsheis!5.Howdeliciousthefoodis!（改为同义句）fooditis!6.Theyarcrunningfast.（改为感叹句）theyarerunning!7.Hersisterisaverylovelygirl.（改为感叹句）lovelygirlhersisteris!hersisteris!&Ihavereadaveryinterestingbook.（改为感叹句）bookIhaveread!9.Yourdictionaryisveryuseful.（改为感叹句）yourdictionaryis!10.Thechildrenaresinginganddancinghappily.（改为感】叹句）thechildrenaresinginganddancing!动词时态【练习】I.单项选择（）1・一Howlonghaveyoubeeninthiscity,MrSmith?一IttenyearssinceIcamehere・A.isB.wasC.willbeD.maybe（）2.—Where"sMary?—Ithinksheinthelibrary.Youknowsheneverwastestime.A.hasgoneB.hasbeenC・isstudyingD.willstay（）3.—Haveyourepairedyourbike,Bob?—Yes,Iittwentyminutesago.A.haverepairedB.repairC.hadrepairedD.repaired（）4.一Shallwegoshoppingnow?——Sorry,Ican".Imyskirts・A.washB.washesC.washedD.amwashing （）5.一ouevertotheUSA?——Yes,twice.A.Have;goneB.Have;beenC・Do;goD.Were;going()6.一Tom,canIborrowyourmagazine?一Sorry,IittoMary.A.lentB.havelentC.hadlentD.lend()7.—ThefilmFoundingCeremonyisreallyinteresting・一Yeah,Iittwice.A.haveseenB.seeC.willseeD.hadseen()&—HowaboutyourtriptoJapan?—Wchaven,decidedyet.ButFllletyouknowassoonaswethefinaldccision.A.makeB・madeC・willmakeD.aremaking()9.一Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow?一Hesaidthattheeartharoundthesun.A.goB.goesC.goingD.willgo()10.BythetimeIbacktoschool,myclassmatesfortheirP.E.class.A.came;haveleftB.came;hadleftC.come;leftD.hadcome;leftI.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Aseriouscaraccident(happen)inthisstreetlastSunday.2.—WhatwilltheweatherbelikethiscomingSaturday?——Ihopeit(be)afinedayforourpicnic!Ican"twait!3.—Doyoulikejunkfood,Linda?一That"smyfavourite.ThemorejunkfoodI(have),thehappierI(be).4.—Whatdidyourmothersayaboutthis?—She(say)thatshe(try)herbesttohelpmewithmyEnglishnextterm.5.一Don"tgetoffthebusuntilit(stop),Tom.一1won"t,Dad.Don,worryaboutme.6.一Isyourfatheradoctor?—Yes,heis.He(work)intheChildren"sHospital.7.—Icalledyouyesterdayevening,buttherewasnoanswer.一Oh,Fmsorry.I(have)dinneratmyfriendsatthattime.8.—Isthisjacketyours,Linda?一No,Ithinkit(belong)toMaria.Shehasaredone.9.Billisagoodstudent.Healways(finish)hishomeworkontime.10.Bytheendoflastterm,they(work)therefortenyears.一般现在时:always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month・・•),onceaweek, onSundays，•…；一・般过去II寸：threedaysago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek(year,night,month・・J,in1989Justnow,attheageof5,oneday,longlongago,onceuponatime,•…;现在进行时:now,atpresent,thesedays,…；过去进行时：atthistimeyesterday,atthattime或when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语从句等；现在完成U寸：recently,lately,sinceinthepastfewyears,...；过去完成时:before,bytheendoflastyear(term,month...),...；一般将来时:tomonow,nextday(week,month,year...),soon,inafewminutes,thedayaftertomorrow,...；过去将來II寸：thenextday(morning,year...),thefollowingmonth(week...),…。2.在复合句中根据吋态呼应确定吋态。在宾语从句屮，如果主句用一般现在吋，从句町以根据需要选择时态；如果主句为一•般过去时，从句选择相应的过去时态(客观真理除外)。在条件/时间状语从句屮，如果主句川一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。3.根据上下文已有时态信息点和语意来确定时态。判别时态最关键的一点就是语境，有时作者为了表明自己的观点，在不同的语境下选择不同的时态，这就要考虑上下文和时态的呼应，一定要注意时态的前后一致性。4•时态中的特殊对策。冇的旬了时态要考虑一些习惯性的东西，如客观真理一般要用一般现在时，在学习的过程中要牢牢记住，多多分析比较一下，时态就会比较明确。1.吋态对比之一：一般过去时和现在完成时试比较：IborrowedabookfromJohnjustnow.我刚才从约翰那儿借了一本书。(事情发生了，强调发生在过去。)IhavejustlearnedfivehundredEnglishwords.我刚学了500个英语单词。(说明现在的情况，可能述会学。)通过比较可知:现在完成时表示过去的动作一直延续到现在甚至会继续延续下去或表示过去的动作対现在造成的影响；一般过去时表示动作发牛•的时间在过去。2.will和begoingto的用法区别：will常表示带意愿色彩的将来，或者询问对方是否愿意或者表示客气的邀请或命令，还表示客观的将來。begoingto常用于口语屮，主要用來表示说话人的打算，计划要发牛的事，还可以表示根据某些迹象判断可能或将要发生某事。试比较：Lookattheblackclouds.It"sgoingtorain.看那些乌云,要下雨了。Iwillbetwenty-twoyearsoldnextyear.明年我就22岁了。动词语态英语中表示主语和谓语Z间关系的动词形式称为语态。英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。【练习导航】I•单项选择()1.—Don"tdroplitter,boy.Lookatthesign:"Rubbishntothedustbin."—Sorry.A.hasthrownB.wasthrown C.mustthrowD.mustbethrown()2.AftertheearthquakeinTaiwanonCCTVonDecember19th,2009,lotsofpeopledonatedmoney.A.reportsB.wasreportedC.wasreportingD.reported()3.1thinkcomputersineverydaylifeinafewyears"time. A.willuseC.arcusedA.willbeusedD.wereused()4.一What"swrongwiththatboy?一Hebyacaryesterday.A.washitB.hitC.ishitD.hits()5.—Yoursweaterlooksnice・Isitwool?—Yes,andit"sInnerMongolia・A.madeof;madebyB.madeof;madeinC・madeby;madeforD・madeby;madefrom()6.Thiskindofmedicinecool,cleananddryaccordingtotheinstructions.A.shouldbecarriedB.mustbeputB.shouldbelivedD.mustbekept()7.一Whatapity!Theoldbridgedownatlast.Ithadsuchalonghistory.——Butithadbeentoodangeroustowalkonit,anyway.A・breaksB・wasbrokenC.hasbrokenD.hadbeenbroken()&—CanIplayfootballforsometime,Mum?一Youcan,ifyourhomework.A.willdoB.doesC.isdoneD.willbedone()9.Aftertheearthquake,alotofnewschoolssothatthestudentscangobacktoschooltocontinuetheirstudies.A.willbuildB.havebuiltC・arebuildingD・arebeingbuilt()10.—Whatcanwedoiftherainlastsforanotherday?—Ifso,theschoolsportsmeeting.A.willputoffB.haveputoffC・willbeputoffD・havebeenputoffI.用扌舌号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Atalkonscience(give)inourschoolnextSunday.2.Theletter(write)inJapanese・Canyoureaditforme?3.Chinese(speak)bymoreandmorepeopleintheworldnow・4.Themagazines(mustreturn)tothelibraryintwoweeks・5.—Whatkindofricedoyouthinkisthebesttoeat?一Iliketoeatthericethat(grow)inthesouthofChina.6.Somethingmust(do)tomakeourcityabetterplacetolive.7.Threepatients(operate)onbythefamousdoctorinthepast10hours・8.We(tell)nottoplaycomputergamesatschool.9.Thelittleboywasoftenseen(read)booksbythelakeafterschool.10.Thephone(invent)byBell・Heisverygreat・11.—Lookatthesignontheright.—Oh,smoking(notallow)here.12・一Whydidyoumovetoanothercity,John? 一BecauseI(offer)anewjobthere.13.—Howdoyoulikethedress?—Verymuch.It（feel）softandnice.14.IfI（give）moretime,Icangeteveiythingready.15.ZhaozhouBridgeisoneoftheoldestbridgesallovertheworld・It（build）about1,400yearsago.【指点迷津】一、被动语态少主动语态相互转换的注意事项1.分清动作的执行者和承受者，即分清主动语态和被动语态，如为被动语态，按照不同时态的被动语态规则进行变化。2.通常只有及物动词才有被动语态，但一些不及物动词加上介词（副词）构成的动词短语也有被动语态，此时该动词短语不可分割，后而的介词（副词）不能省略。如：（1）Weheardastrangenoiseyesterdayevening.（主动语•态）Astrangenoisewasheard（byus）yesterdayevening.（被动语态，hear为及物动词）（2）Wcputonashortplayatthepartylastnight.（主动语态）Ashortplaywasputonattheparty（byus）lastnight.（被动语态）3.主动句中使役动词make,let,have和感官动词see,feel,hear等后常接不带to的不定式,但在被动语态中，常将to还原出來。如：Thebossmadethechildrenworkovertwelvehoursinthepast.（扌］动语态）Thechildrenweremadetoworkovertwelvehours（bytheboss）inthepast.（被动语态）4.带双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时，可将其中的一个变为被动句的主语，另一个不变。-般是把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，如把肓接宾语变为被动语态的主语，则在间接宾语前加介词for或者too如：Mymothergavemeapresentonmytenthbirthday.（主动语态）Iwasgivenapresentbymymotheronmytenthbirthday.（被动语态，间接宾语作主语）Apresentwasgiventomeonmytenthbirthday.（被动语态，直接宾语作主语）二、具他常考点清单1.连系动词look,taste,smell等示接形容词作表语，不用于被动语态，但汉语屮有被动的意味。如：Oh,themilktastesstrange—doyouthinkit"sOKtodrink?2.open,sell,write,wear等川作不及物动词时，它们的主语是物，可用主动语态表被动意义。如：Thiskindofshirtsellsverywellhere.这种衬衫在这儿卖得很好。3.want/need/require+doingsth.木目当于want/need/require+tobedone白勺形工弋，tobedone表示不定式的被动语态。如：Mybikeneedsrepairing.=Mybikeneedstoberepaired.我的口行车需要修理一下。4.“Peoplesay...”或，Theysay...”这种句了变为被动语态时，一般用It"ssaidthat... 结构，表示“据说……”，“听说……非谓语动词非谓语动词指在句中不充当谓语的动词，它不受主语的限制，但有时态和语态的变化。非谓语动词包括三种形式：分词、动词・ing形式和动词不定式。 【练习】I.单项选择)1.一Wouldyouliketohavedinnerwithme?一Sorry,IhavealotofhouseworkA.todoB.doneC・doD.tobedone)2.—ItriedtomakeKatehermind,butIfoundithard.—Well,IsawyouthatwhenIwentpast.A.changes;doB.changes;doingC.tochange;doD.change;doing)3.一Oh,Ihadaterribletoothache.—You，dbe社erseeadoctorandhaveyourbadteethout.A.goto;pullingB.togoto;pulledC.goto;pulledD.togoto;pulling)4.一MrWang,Ihavetroublethetext.一Rememberitthreetimesbeforeyoubegintounderstandit・A.tounderstand;readingB.understanding;readingC・understanding;toreadD.tounderstand;toread)5.Don"tworry.Wewilldoanythingwecanyou.A.helpB.tohelpC.behelpedD.helped)6.一Didyouletanyonetheflowers?—Yes,Ihadtheflowers.A.towater;waterB.towater;wateredC・water;tobewateredD.water;watered)7.Wouldyoumindmeafavour?A.doB.todoC・doingD.did)&—WhynottheMusicClub?一Sorry,Ican"tsingordance・A.tojoinB.joinC.joiningD.joinin)9.Nomatterhowharditis,weTlkeepuntilwemakeit.A.failedB.failingC.triedD.trying)10.Whathappenedtotheboy?Hetriedmyquestions・A.toavoidansweringB.avoidingansweringC.toavoidtoanswerD・avoidingtoanswer)11.Wecouldn"thelpwhenUncleWangtoldusthenews.A・laughB.laughedC・laughingD・tolaugh)12.—WhatshouldIdo,doctor?—healthy,youshouldtakemoreexercise・A.KeepB.KeepingC・TokeepD.Havingkept)13.IttookmydaughtertwoweeksthenovelsbyLiuYong.A.read;writtenB.toread;writtenC.reading;towriteD.toread;wrote)14.—Willyoupleaseshowmehowtodotherole-playexercise?——Sure.Nowletmetellyoufirst.A.whichtodoB.howtodo()15.Whenclassbegins,westoptotheteachercarefully. A.listeningB.tolistenC.listensD・listenI.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Pmveryglad(hear)thatgreatchangeshavetakenplaceinthepast30yearsinourhometown.2.Hewasmade(finish)alotofworkduringtheholiday.3.You"dbetter(nottake)thetrousersaway.Trythemonfirst.4.Nowallthestudentsareverybusy(get)readyforthecomingexam・5.Hasthedoctorallowedher(get)outofbed?6.1feellike(give)upMathsbecauseit"shardtoleani.1.That"stheendoftheprogramme.Thanksfor(listen).&(do)morningexercisesisgoodforourhealth・9.Wearelookingforwardto(meet)anewclassmatefromAmerica.10.It，sverykindofyou(tell)meaboutit.11.—Hi,MrWang,couldyouhelpme(work)outtheproblem?—OK,letmetry.12.1don"tthinkiteasyforher(finish)theworkintwodays・13.Thedoctoradvisedme(noteat)toomuchcandy.14.Look!Thereisapetdog(lie)ontheground・Let"sgoandplaywithit.15.Ifyouwanttobehealthy,youaresupposedtogiveup(smoke)・【指点】分词分词分现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词由“动词+・in『形式构成，过去分词的基本形式是“动词但也有不规则形式。现在分词和过去分词的区别：现在分词衣示主动、进行之意，过去分词有被动、完成Z意。动词・ing形式常接动词形式的动词(短语)：完成实践值得忙(finish,practise,beworth,bebusy)继续习惯别放弃(keepon,beusedto,giveup)考虑建议不禁想(consider,suggest,can"thelp,feellike)喜欢错过要介意(enjoy,miss,mind)动词不定式一、基本形式：否定形式：to+动词原形,如towalkonot+基本形式(短语),如nottowatchTV。当我们需要表明动词不定式中的这个动作是谁发出时，我们可以用带逻辑主语的不定式:forsb.+基本形式(短语),如forustofinishthework。此外还有—种形式，即带疑问词的动词不定式：疑问词+基本形式(短语)，｛111whattodoo注意：1.作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。女II：TolearnEnglishwellisnoteasy.2.如果主语较长，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语不定式放在谓语之示，常用结构为itis+adj.+(for/ofsb./sth.)+todosth.如:It"simportantforustolearnEnglishwell.二、动词不定式常用于以下这些动词Z后：1.不定式作宾语用于：“要想做，同意办，愿意不愿意，决定尽量做。"A.要求、想要、希望(want,wish,hope,expect,intend,mean) A.同意(agree,promise)B.意愿(care,hate,refiise)C.决定，金图(decide,offer,attempt,try,manage)1.不定式作宾语补足语用于：劝教命请叫(advise,teach,order,ask,tell)允许又警告(allow,permit,warn)三、有些动词后需接省略to的动词不定式。一感一助一最好，二听二请二为什么不，三使四看半帮助，无to不定式记心中。说明：一-感：feel(感觉)；一助：即助动词do,does,did,will/shall,包括情态动词can,may,must等，但不包括现在完成时屮的have/has；一最好：hadbetter；二听：listento,hear；二请：副词please后，willyouplease...；二为什么不：whynot,whydon"tyou...；三使：make,let,have；四看:lookat,see,watch,notice;半帮助：help后可加to也可不加tOc注意：一感、二听、三使、四看在主动语态中省略to,但在被动语态当中to不能省略。四、有些动词后面既可接动词不定式，乂可接动词・ing形式。hear,watch,see等接不定式表示全过程或完成，接动词・ing形式表示正在进行爲stoptodosth.表示停下来去做另一件事；stopdoingsth.表示停止正在做的事情。forget/remembertodosth.表示忘记(记住)去做某事，事情还没有做；forget/rememberdoingsth.表示忘记(记得)做过某事。trytodosth.设法或者努力做某事trydoingsth.尝试做某事meantodosth.打算、想做某事meandoingsth.意味着做某事goontodosth.放下手中的事，继续去做别的事goondoingsth.继续做原来的事情五、havesb.dosth.和havesb./sth.doingsth.的区别1.havesb.dosth.意为“让某人做某事”，不定式往往表示一次性的具体动作，且强调动作已经完成或尚未发生。如：Thesoldiershadtheboystandwithhisbacktohisfather._L兵讣这男孩背对父亲站着。Havethedriverdrivethecarhereat4o"clock.让司机四点钟把车开过来。2.havesb./sth.doingsth.意为“让某人/某物做某事”，动词・ing形式表示的动作往往具冇持续、进行的含义。如：Thetwomenhadtheirlightsburningallnightlong.那两个人让灯通宵亮着。Theytriedtohavehertalking,buttherewasnouse.他们尽力让她一直说话,但没用。另：havesth.done意为“把某事做好”。复合句句子中有一个或更多成分由从句担任，这样的句子叫做复合句。初屮阶段常见的复合句包括宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句。一、宾语从句在复合旬屮作宾语成分的从句叫做宾语从句。♦引导词作宾语从句的句子引导词陈述句that—•般疑问句if/whether 特殊疑问句原旬中的疑问词♦宾语从句使用陈述句语序。【练习导航】I.单项选择()1.Heaskedwhichfilmtheyabout.A.willtalkB.aregoingtotalkC.wasgoingtotalkD.weretalking()2.Doyouknowbikethisis?A.thatB.whoC.whyD.whose()3・Pollysaidnonewsgoodnews・A.wasB.wereC・isD.are()4.Wcdidn"tknowshewasreadyornot.A.whenB.thatC.whetherD.what()5.一WhatdidyourPEteachersayaboutyourhighjumpatthesportsmeeting?——HesaidthatIbetter.A.candoB.amC・willdoD.coulddo()6.—Iwanttoknowwhenhaveafieldtrip.一Wellhaveitwhenallthework.A.youare;willfinishB.youwill;finishesC・youwill;isfinishedD.you;finish()7.一Couldyoutellmewhen?—At10:25,intenminutes.A.thebuswillleaveB.willthebusleaveC.thebushasleftD.hadthebusleft()8.—Doyouknowhe’llarrivehereat9:00thismorning?—Tmafraidhe"llbelate.A.thatB.howC.whyD.whether()9.一Couldyoutellme?一SheisastudentinEtonSchool.A.whereKateisstudyingB.howKatewasstudyingC.whyKatewasstudyingD・whenKatestudied()10.一DoyouknowgoingtostayinLondon?一No,Idon"t.Maybeafewdays.A.whenheisB・howlongheisC.whenisheD.howlongisheII.句型转换1.Heaskedhisteacherhowhecouldplaytheviolinwell.(改为简单句)Heaskedhisteacher.2.Samaskedme,"Doyouoftenrideabike?”(改为复合句)Samaskedme.13.1don"tknowwhatIshoulddowiththeletter.(改为简单句)Idon"tknowwhatwiththeletter.14."Doeslighttravelfasterthansound?^^Tomasked.(改为复合句)Tomasked. 14.Shedoesn"tknowhowshegetstothebank.(改为简单句)Shedoesrftknowhow.I.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。16.1don"tthinkthewatchwill(mend)wellin2days.17.Shesaidthatthesun(be)brighterthanthemoon.18.1willtakebackwhatI(say).19.1wantedtoknowifhe(can)mendthecar.20.Shesaidthatshe(go)fishinglastSunday.21・Shetoldmethatthey(talk)aboutanewbookatthistimeyesterday.22.Fmsureeverything(go)well.23.1hopethatI(visit)Beijingsoon.24.1hearthatTom(be)hereforaweek・25.Tomtoldhisbossthathe(finish)theworkwellifhe(give)anotherchance・二、定语从句在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词，并充当其定语的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。定语从句常放在先行词的后面，由关系代词who,whom,whose,which,that和关系副词when,where,why等引导。【练习导航】I•根据汉语完成卜-列英语句子，每空一词。1.这就是那个帮助过我的人。Thisisthemanme.2.你在寻找的医生在房间里。Thedoctoryouarelookingforintheroom.3.你认识那个名叫李萍的女士吗？DoyouknowtheladynameLiPing?4.我收到的那封信是我父亲写來的。TheletterIreceivedfrommyfather.5.你还有什么要说的吗?Isthereanythingyoutosay?6.你述记得我们几天前拜访过的那个人吗？Doyoustillrememberthemanafewdaysago?7.那个在事故中断了左臂的工人被送进了医院。Theworkerleftarmintheaccidentwassenttohospital.&这就是我出牛的地方。ThisisIwasborn.9.这是我看过的最好的小说。ThisisIhaveread.10.这是你笫二次给我们讲这个故事了。Thisisyoursecondtimeusthestory.11.单项选择()11.Theboyhelpedmeyesterdayisplayingsoccerwithhisfriends.A.whomB.whoC.whichD.whose()12.ThemusictheU2bandplayedwasverypopula匚 A.whichB.whoC.whomD.whose()13.ThegirlskirtisredisToirfssister.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.that()14.Thisisthebestwaycanhelpusearnlotsofmoney.A.whichB.whoC.thatD.when()15.Anyonebreakstherulesmustbepunished.A.whomB.whoseC.whichD.who()16.Wctalkedthethingsandpersonswcwereinterestedin.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.when()17・Thereisagirliswaitingforyou.A.whoseB.whichC・whomD.who()18.IT1neverforgetthedayIfirstcomehere・A.whenB.whereC.whyD.who()19・Thisistheroomhelivedlastyear.A.whenB.whereC.whyD.which()20.Thafsthereasonhewaslateforschool.A.whenB.whereC・whyD.whichI.将下列句子合并成为含有定语从句的复合句。21.1remembereverything.Youdideverythingtohelpus.22.Lookattheboyandhisdog.Theyarerunningoverthere.22.Heistheman.Hehasdonelotsofthingstohelpthesehomelesspeople.23.Thisisthereason.Wemustvaluetime.24.Hetoldmethedate.Hejoinedthemusicclub.三、状语从句在复合句屮，修饰主句中动词、形容词或副词的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句可分为时间、条件、原因、结果、比较、目的、让步、方式和比较九人类。初屮阶段我们需要重点掌握的冇时间状语从句、条件状语从旬、原因状语从句和结果状语从旬。♦时间状语从句常由从属连词when,as,while,before,after,since,till,until,assoonas引导。themoment,everytime,eachtime可引出一个从句,相当于时间状语从句。♦条件状语从句常由从属连词if,unless,solongas,aslongas引导。♦原因状语从句常由从属连词because,for,since,as引导。♦结果状语从句常由从属连词sothat,so...that,such...that引导。♦在时间状语从句和条件状语从句屮，如果主句是-•般将来时或具有将来的含义，从句的谓语动词常用-•般现在时表将來。【练习导航】I.单项选择()1.Hespokesoquicklynoonecouldfollowhim.A.whichB.afterC.asD.that ()2.Wecannotbesurewhatyouwantyoutellus.A.ifB.sinceC.assoonasD.unless()3.—Whenwillhecallyouup?—hecomesback・A.AssoonasB.SinceC・BecauseD・Unless()4・Hewillnotgotothecinemahe"sill.A.thoughB.unlessC.whyD・because()5.Hisfatherisbusyheseldomgoesbackhome・A.too;toB.so;thatC.enough;toD.such;that()6.Hewasreadinghissisterwaswriting・A.afterB・whileC・becauseD・assoonas()7.youhavetostayathome,you"dbettergooveryourlessons.A.ThoughB.AfterC.BeforeD.Since()&Alicewillcometomypartyshe"sfree.A.afterB.whyC.ifD.though()9.—Waitamoment,please.HeUlbebackintenminutes・—Allright.Fllherehecomesback.A.leave;untilB.reach;tillC.stay;tillD.waitfor;until()10.Thequestionisthatnobodycananswerit.A.veryhardB.toodifficultC.strangeenoughD.sostrangeII.根据汉语完成下列英语句了，每空一词。9.他很小的时候就会骑自行车了。Hewasabletorideabikeheveryyoung.10.直到我叫他的名字，他才看见我。HemeIcalledhisname・11.既然你需要这木书，你就拿走吧。thebook,youmaytakeit.12.天气太热了，以至于我想去游泳。ItwasIwanttogoswimming.13.除非下雨,我会跟你一起去那儿。Fllgotherewithyou・14.如果你冇困难，找我帮忙。youarctrouble,askmeforhelp.15.我看电视的时候，我弟弟正在外血打篮球。Mybrotherwasplayingbasketballoutside1TV.16.我一得到消息就会马上过来。FllcomehererightawayIgetthenews・17.他没有听见敲门，因为他正在听收音机。Hedidn"theartheknockatthedoorhetheradio.18.如果你不知道这个词的意思，最好查查字典。youdon，tknowthemeaningoftheword,yoifdbetter inthedictionary.