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高考英语语法:关于“where”从句详解来源:天星更新日期:2010-05-15 点击:249“where”是高考热点之一,命题中主要考查其在定语从句、名词从句和状语从句这三大从句中的使用。(1)Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivitywheresightmattersmorethanhearing.句中where是关系副词,引导定语从句,在从句中做状语;(2)Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisiswhereIdisagree.句中where是连接副词,引导名词从句做表语,而本身在从句中做状语;(3)Ifyouaretravelingwherethecustomsarereallyforeigntoyourown,pleasedoastheRomansdo.句中where是从属连词,引导状语从句。在回答有关where的题目时,往往会遇到这样两个难点:一、定语从句中,“感觉不到”的where。一提到where,我们往往都借其词义,想到“哪里”,无论是在工厂,在学校,在街道等等,都看得见,摸得着,例如:TheywillflytoWashington, ____theyplantostayfortwoorthreedays.A.whereB.thereC.whichD.when答案A,这似乎是显而易见。“他们要飞往华盛顿,他们打算在那(华盛顿)待上两三天。”“在华盛顿”,使用where,有具体的地点。不过再看一看下面的三个题目:(1)Laterinthischaptercaseswillbeintroducedtoreaders____consumercomplaintshaveresultedinchangesinthelaw.A.whereB.whenC.whoD.which
(2)Aftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareer____sheneededtodecidewhattodo.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where(3)Mycurrentjobsearchisperhapstheonlytimeinmylife______I"mfindingit"smorehelpfultobetask-orientedratherthangoal-oriented.A.whichB.whatC.whereD.that答案ADC,全部都是where。但是,你肯定不像刚才的“飞往华盛顿”的那个题目,能一眼辨别出是选择where。上面第(1)题,先行词是cases,关系副词where引导定语从句,where是“inthecases(在这些案例中)”的意思;第(2)题,先行词是point,关系副词where引导定语从句,where是“onthepoint(在她职业中的那一点)”的意思;第(3)题,先行词是time,关系副词where引导定语从句,where是“atthetime(在那一时段)”的意思。当然,我们还会碰到一些先行词,同样会用关系副词where引导定语从句,而让我们感觉不到“具体的哪”,这就需要同学们扩大听读,在具体的、鲜活的语言材料中不断体会,从而加以把握。二、“内涵”不尽相同的三大从句里的where。在学习中,很多同学容易犯的一个错误,就是不分定语从句、名词从句和状语从句where的不同内涵,把定语从句中介词+which所能等同的where,误认为适用名词从句和状语从句的where,把它们看成了一回事。例如:Amoderncityhasbeensetupinwasawastelandtenyearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where很多同学在回答这个问题时,都不假思索地选择了B.which,认为inwhich就是where,引导定语从句。但是全句在inwhich前没有先行词,因此不是定语从句。本题应当选择A。那么,where在名词从句和状语从句中到底是什么样的内涵呢?
我们来看一看下面两个题目:(1)Whynottryyourluckdowntown,Bob?That"s_______thebestjobsare.A.whereB.whatC.whenD.why答案A。where作为连接副词,引导名词做表语,这里实际是“theplacewhere”的意思。(2)You’dbetternotleavethemedicine_____kidscangetatit.A.evenifB.whichC.whereD.sothat答案C。where作为从属连词,引导状语从句,这里实际是“attheplacewhere”的意思。分清楚where在不同从句中的内涵,可以使我们在选择的时候,建立比较好的“语感”,从而帮助我们准确回答好题目高中英语重点句型归纳来源:天星更新日期:2007-11-11 点击:34811.may(just)aswelldosth.mayaswelldosth.表示“不妨;倒不如”,用来提出建议。如:Wemayaswellhaveatryandseeifitcanbedone.我们不妨试一试,看看能否办成。Thereisnothingtodo,soImayaswellgotobed.没什么事可做,我还是上床睡觉好了。[注意]mightaswell也可表示“不妨”,但语气更委婉一些。其也是mayaswell的过去时形式。如:
SinceshehadcomeuptoLondon,shemightaswellspeakhermind.既然她已来到了伦敦,她还不如说出真心话。2.AsfarasIknow...asfaras表示“就……而言;从……来看”。asfarasIknow就我知道的而言;asfarasIcansee就我能看到的而言;asfarastheyareconcerned就他们而论;asfarastheeyecanreach就视力所及。如:AsfarasIknow,heisn’tcomingtotheparty.就我所知,他不会来参加这次聚会。AsfarasIamconcerned,Icannotobjecttoyourmarriage.就我个人而言,我不反对你们的婚事。知识拓展asfaras还可表示“到某一指定地点;一直到(某地)”。如:Theywalkedasfarasthefootofamountain.他们一直走到山脚下。I’llseeyouoffasfarastheairport.我将一直送你到飞机场。[高考示例]_______Icansee,thereisonlyonepossiblewaytokeepawayfromthedanger.(北京2004春)A.AslongasB.AsfarasC.Justas D.Evenif(注意:斜体部分为最佳选项。)3.Thatsortofthing.Thatsortofthing.独立使用时,为一省略结构。如:
Homeishappinessandsweetness.Thatsortofthing(=Homeisthatsortofthing).家庭意味着幸福、温馨,就是这个样子。这一结构通常应该是andthatsortofthing,表示“等等诸如此类的事”。如:Thestoresellssocks,gloves,capsandthatsortofthing.这家商店经营袜子、手套、帽子等同类商品。虚拟语气:虚拟语气在wish后的宾语从句中来源:天星更新日期:2007-11-01 点击:3568II.虚拟语气用在wish后的宾语从句中虚拟语气用在wish后的宾语从句中,(常常省去连词that),表示不可能实现的愿望。1.表示与现在事实相反的愿望构成:主语+wish(that)+从句主语+动词过去式(be一律用were)例如:IwishIkneweverythingintheworld.Iwishthattheexperimentwereasuccess.Wewishwehadwings.我们希望有翅膀。Example:Iwishit______notsocoldoutside.A.shallbe B.be C.were D.is
IwishI______youbetter.A.know B.knew C.willknow D.haveknown2.表示与过去事实相反的愿望构成:主语+wish(that) +从句主语+would/could +have +过去分词或had +过去分词例如:Iwishthatyouhadcalledyesterday.IwishthatIcouldhavegonewithyoulastnight.Ididn’tgototheparty,butIdowishIhadbeenthere.Example:Iwishyou______suchagreatdealoffuss.A.werenotcaused B.hadnotcausedC.havenotcaused D.arenotcausedIwishthatyou______suchabadheadachebecauseI’msurethatyouwouldhaveenjoyedtheconcert.A.hadn’thad B.hadn’t C.didn’thave D.hadn’thave3.表示将来不大可能实现的愿望构成:主语+wish(that) +从句主语+would/should/could/might +原形动词例如:
Iwishthathecouldtryagain.IwishthatsomedayIshouldliveonthemoon.Wewishthattheywouldcomesoon.Example:Iwishthatwe______withmybrotherwhenhefliestoEnglandnextweek.A.couldgo B.hadgone C.willgo D.aregoingEXERCISE1.Iwishyou______likethat.a.don’ttalk b.wouldn’ttalk c.won’ttalk d.nottotalk2.IwishI_____howtooperatethemachine.a.haveknown b.know c.canknow d.knew3.Heisnotamillionairebuthe_____hewere.a.wishes b.hopes c.longs d.believes4.IwishthatI______visitmyunclethedayaftertomorrow.a.shall b.have c.would d.amgoingto5.Iwishit______springalltheyearround.a.willbe b.were c.be d.is6. IwishI_____tothatuniversitywithyouyesterday.a.wouldgo b.went c.didgo d.hadgone
7.Ileftveryearlylastnight,butIwishI______soearly.a.didn’tleave b.hadn’tleft c.haven’tleft d.couldn’tleave8.Nancysometimeswishesthatshe______inthebigcity.a.wasnotliving b.didnotlived c.werenotliving d.doesnotlive9.Jameswisheshe______thefootballgameinsteadofthefilm.a.hadseen b.saw c.hadbeenseen d.see10.Whileyou’rehere,Iwish______havealookaroundthehouse.a.you’ll b.you’ve c.you’d d.youbetter11.Lookingbackonit,Iwishyou______mefirst.a.asked b.haveasked c.ask d.hadasked12.“Doyouwantmetolendyousomemoney?”“Iwishyou______.Iwouldpayyoubacknextweek.”a.should b.would c.did d.might13.Iwishedit______butitdid.a.hadnotoccurred b.wouldnotoccurc.wasnotoccurred d.didnotoccur14.Hedidn’tgotoherbirthdayparty,buthedoeswishhe______there.a.hasbeen b.wouldbe c.hadbeen d.wouldhavebeen
15.“Thesetypewrittenpapersareveryneat.”“IwishI______typetoo,butIdon’tknowhow.”a.can b.may c.will d.could高考英语写作常用的8种强调方式来源:天星更新日期:2010-04-07 点击:264一、用形容词“very”,“single”等表示强调RedArmyfoughtabattleonthisveryspot.红军就在此地打过一仗。Notasinglepersonhasbeenintheofficethisafternoon.今天下午竟然没有一个人来过办公室。二、用反身代词表示强调Imyselfwillseeheroffatthestation.我将亲自到车站为她送行。Youcandoitwellyourself.你自己能做好这件事情。三、用助词“do”表示强调Thebabyisgenerallyhealthy,buteverynowandthenshedoescatchacold.那孩子的健康状况尚好,但就是偶尔患感冒。Dobequiet.ItoldyouIhadaheadache.务必安静,我告诉过你,我头疼。四、用副词“very”,“only”,“even”,“too”,“just”等表示强调Hedrankittotheverylastdrop.他把它喝得一干二净。Onlyinthiswaycanwewipeouttheenemytroops.只有用这样的方法我们才能消灭敌军。Hedidn’tanswerevenmyletter.他甚至连我的信都不回。Iwilltoogo!我要去的!Thesceneryisjustsuperb.风景真是美极了。
五、用“...andthat”,“...andthose”,“not...toomuch”,“否定加否定”等结构表示强调Theyfulfilledthetask,andthatinafewdays.他们在几天内完成的就是那项任务。Igavehersomepresents,andthosethedaybeforeyesterday.前天我送给她的就是那些礼物。Ican’tthankyoutoomuch.我无论怎样感谢你都不过份。Iamnotunfaithfultoyou.我对你无比忠诚。六、用短语“ineveryway”,“innoway”,“byallmeans”,“bynomeans”,“onlytoo”,“alltoo”,“buttoo”,“inheaven”,“intheworld”,“inhell”,“onearth”,“underthesun”等表示强调Hisbehaviourwasineverywayperfect.他的举止确实无可挑剔。Byallmeanstakeyoursonwithyou.你一定要把儿子带来。Thenewswasonlytootrue.这消息确实是事实。Itwasoveralltoosoon!此事的确了结得很快!Whereinheavenwereyouthen?当时你到底在哪里?Nobodyunderthesunwouldbuythatcar.确实没有人会买那辆车。七、用倒装句表示强调Dishonestheis!他的确不诚实!Inwineisthetruth.酒后吐真言。八、用强调句型表示强调Itwastheheadmasterwhoopenedthedoorforme.正是校长为我开的门。Itwasyesterdaythatwecarriedoutthatexperiment.就是在昨天我们做了那个实验。