grammar,高二英语语法课教案设计m6b6 10页

课题：Grammar（Module6,Book6）一、教学目标、方法和手段概述课题AnimalsinDanger课型Grammar目标要求知识目标Toreview:1.ReviseandmastertheSubjunctiveMoodform.2.Improvethestudents’abilitytouse“if”intheSubjunctiveMood.3.MasterdifferentkindsoftheSubjunctiveMoodtomakeupsentences.能力目标Totrain:1.Enlargeandenrichthestudents’grammarknowledgeaboutSubjunctiveMood.2.EnablethestudentstoanalyzethestructureofSubjunctiveMood.情感态度价值观Toarousestudents:1.Overcomingdifficultyinstudyinggrammar.2.Workingcooperativelywithothers.教学重难点1.HelpSslearnhowtousethesubjunctivecorrectly．2.EnableSstolearnthree“if”structures：If…did(not)/were(not)…，…would/should/could/might…；If…had(not)done…，…would/should/could/mighthave…;If…did(not)/were(not)to/should…，…would/should/could/might…教学方法任务性教学，归纳总结，讲练结合，合作学习教学手段多媒体教学二、教学流程设计Step1Lead-in(Purpose:Arousestudents’interest,helpthemwarmupandleadtothegrammarpartnaturally.)ShowtwopicturesaboutHelenKellerandenjoythesentencefromherbook. IfIwerethepresidentofauniversity,Ishouldestablishacompulsorycoursein"HowtoUseYourEyes".PerhapsIcanbestillustratebyimaginingwhatIshouldmostliketoseeifIweregiventheuseofmyeyes,say,forjustthreedays.Getstudentstothinkthequestion:Howwouldyouuseyourowneyesifyouhadonlythreemoredaystosee?(Tips:UseSubjunctiveMoodtogiveanswers.)Step2Observation&Discussion&Conclusion(Purpose:Observeandthenconcludetherulesof“if”subjunctivemood.)Task1.AskSstoreadthesentencesandanswersomequestions．①Ifhehadtimenow,hewouldwalktoschool.Q：Doeshehavetimenow?No,hedoesn’t.presentDoeshewalktoschool?No,hedoesn’t.②Iftheyhadreachedthebeach，theywouldprobablyhavebeenkilled．Q：Didtheyreachthebeach?No,theydidn’treachthebeach.pastWeretheykilled?No,theywerenotkilled．③IfIwerethepresidentofauniversity,Ishouldestablishacompulsorycoursein"HowtoUseYourEyes".Q：Areyouthepresidentofauniversity?No,Iamnot.Willyouestablishacompulsorycoursein"HowtoUseYourEyes"?futureNo,Iwon’t.ThenguideSstodrawaconclusionofthem.ConclusionIf引导的非真实条件从句中的虚拟用法：虚拟情况If非真实条件从句主句表示与现在事实相反的情况动词的过去式(be动词一般用were)would／could／might+动词原形表示与过去事实相反的情况动词的过去完成时(haddone)would／could／might+havedone表示将来不大可能实现的事情动词的过去式(be动词一般用were)／wereto／should+动词原形would／could／might+动词原形【活学巧用】AskSstoreadthesentencesandchoosethecorrectmeanings.(Exercise3)1.GermanyinvadedPoland.TheBritishdeclaredwar.A.IfGermanyhadn’tinvadedPoland,theBritishwouldn’thavedeclaredwar.B.IfGermanyhadinvadedPoland,theBritishwouldn’thavedeclaredwar.2.Thesoldiersreachedthebeach.TheywereattackedbytheGermans.A.Ifthesoldiershadreachedthebeach,theywouldn’thavebeenattackedbytheGermans.B.Ifthesoldiershadn’treachedthebeach,theywouldn’thavebeenattackedbytheGermans.3.Thewaterwasverydeep.Itwasimpossibleforthesoldierstowalktothebeach.A.Ifthewaterhadn’tbeensodeep,itwouldhavebeenpossibleforthesoldierstowalktothebeach. B.Ifthewaterhadn’tbeensodeep,itwouldhavebeenimpossibleforthesoldierstowalktothebeach.4.TheinvasionofNormandywassuccessful.Thewarendedsoonafterwards.A.IftheinvasionofNormandyhadn’tbeensuccessful,thewarwouldhaveendedsoonafterwards.B.IftheinvasionofNormandyhadn’tbeensuccessful,thewarwouldn’thaveendedsoonafterwards.Answer:ABAB.Task2.Distinguishanddrawaconclusion.1.Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow.Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldhavegonetocollege.Difference:If非真实条件从句主句hadstudied----pastwouldbe----presenthadstudied----pastwouldhavegone----past总结1找准时间灵活对应当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：“错综时间虚拟语气”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整．【活学巧用】Ifyouhadtakenthemedicineyesterday,you____________(feel)betternow.IfIhadlistenedtothedoctor,I____________(recover)rightnow.Answer:wouldfeel,wouldrecover2.Withoutair,therewouldbenolivingthings.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedthework.总结2without，with，butfor，otherwise，or，but有时候假设的情况不以if引导的条件句形式表现出来，而是通过一个介词短语、连词或其他形式表示,被称为：“含蓄条件句”。【活学巧用】Ifwehadnothadyourhelp,wecouldnothavefinishedthetask.＝__________yourhelp,wecouldnothavefinishedthetask.Hefeltverytiredyesterday.Ifhedidn’tfeeltired,hewouldhavecometotheparty.＝Hefeltverytiredyesterday，________hewouldhavecometotheparty.Answer:Without,or/otherwise3.WereIyou，Iwouldgototheparty.Hadyoucomeearlier，youwouldcatchthebus.Shouldithappen，whatwouldyoudo? 总结3提前were/should/had当if从句中含有were/should/had时，则可以省略if，把这三个词置于句首，采用倒装语序。【活学巧用】IfIwereatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.＝___________________atschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.＝___________________earlier,youwouldhavemethim.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.＝___________________tomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.Answer:WereI，Hadyoucome，ShoulditrainStep3.SummarizeotherusageofSubjunctiveMood.(Purpose:EnableSstoreviseotherformsofSubjunctiveMood.)AskSstofillintheblanksaccordingtotheexamples.虚拟语气在从句中的用法从句用法例句wish宾语从句中的虚拟语气1.表示现在不可能实现的愿望，从句中谓语动词用过去式（be动词一般用were）。Iwishitwerespringnow.2.表示过去不可能实现的愿望，从句中谓语动词常用had＋过去分词。Iwishhehadfinishedhishomeworkyesterday.3.表示将来不可能实现的愿，从句中动词常用would/could＋动词原形。IwishIcouldflytothemoononeday.一坚持（insist），二命令（order，command），三建议（suggest，propose，advise），四要求（demand，require，request，ask）谓语动词必须用后面的宾语从句&由it作形式主语的主语从句&相应的名词后的表语从句和同位语从句用“（should）＋动词原形”.Theteacherorderedthatthehomework（should）behandedinontime.Itissuggestedthatthemeeting（should）beputoff.Mysuggestionthatwe(should)haveameetinghasbeenacceptedbyothers. Itisimportant/strange/natural/necessary/apity/ashame等＋that从句，表示情绪、观点等谓语动词用“（should）＋动词原形”，should可以省略Itisapitythathe（should）refusetoaccepttheoffer.Itis（high）timethat...句型从句常用过去式，有时也用should＋动词原形Itistimethatwestudiedhard.asif/asthough引导的状语从句&wouldrather从句&ifonly“要是……就好了”表示与现在事实相反，用过去式Hetreatstheboyasifhewerehisownson.Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.IfonlyIknewtheanswer!与过去事实相反用过去完成式(haddone)Hewalkedslowlyasthoughhehadhurthisleg.IwouldratheryouhadgonetherelastSunday.IfonlyIhadpassedthedrivingtestlastweek!【注意】(1)suggest意为“表明，暗示”时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气。(2)insist意为“坚持认为，坚持说”时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气。Step4PracticeandConsolidation(Purpose:EnableSstodifferentformsoftheSubjunctiveMood.)Task1.Fillintheblanks,usingtheproperforms.1.What"syouropinionofMr.Li"srequestthatwe______(spend)halfanhourreadingEnglishaloudeverymorning?2.Iranallthewaytoschoolyesterday，otherwiseI______(be)latefortheannualtalentshow.3.—What"syourfeelingnow?—Iamterriblysorry.IfonlyI______(come)hereyesterday!4.It"severybody"sdesirethateveryeffort______(make)toreducethepollutioninourcity.5.Ifhehaddecidedwheretogo，he______(be)onhiswayatpresent.6.Withoutyourselflesshelp，I______(make)suchgreatprogress.7.Hadyouarrivedalittleearlier，you_________(get)acopyofhislatestbook.8.—HowIwishI______(have)thekeywithme!—Thenyouwouldnothavetowaitforyourwife"srescue. Answer:1.shouldspend2.wouldhavebeen3.hadcome4.shouldmake5.wouldbe6.wouldhavemade7.couldhavegot8.hadTask2.Game(句子接龙)Giveseveraltopicstoeachgroup,andaskSstomakeanoralpresentation,usingtheSubjunctiveMood.Ifnecessary,writeitdown.Group1:IfIhadthreedaystosee,Iwould/could…Group2:IftheWWIIhadn’tbrokeout,…Group3:Icouldhavespentahappierweekend,if…Group4:Ourclasswouldhavewonthefootballmatch,if…Group5:IwishIwerethepresidentofUSA.IfI…SsworkingroupstofinishtheirtopicbyusingtheSubjunctiveMood.Trytouseasmanyformsaspossible,thenshowtheirpresentation.Forexample:IfIhadthreedaystosee,IwouldgotoFrance.IfIwereinFrance,IwouldclimbtheEiffelTower.IfIclimbedtheEiffelTower,Iwould………Task3.Makeupastory.Lookatthefollowingpictures,trytomakeupastorybyusingtheSubjunctiveMood.孙女上学Sentencepatternsforreference:1.IfIweren’tastudent,Iwouldnot…2.It’shightimethat…3.Iwish…4.Without/Butfor thehelpofmygrandpa,…5.Ifonlymygrandpahadacar,…6.Mymothersuggestthat…7.Iinsistthat…8.Iwouldrather…Studentsworkindividuallytomakeuptheirstories,andthenasktwostudentstosharetheirstoriesintheclass.Step5HomeworkRewriteyourstoryandhanditin.三、课时作业设计1.完成自主学习丛书Module6P202-P204的相关语法题。2.高考试题赏析。1．（2012·北京高考）Don"thandlethevaseasifit______madeofsteel.A．is　　　　　B．wereC．hasbeenD．hadbeen2．（2012·浙江高考）Hadtheyknownwhatwascomingnext，they______secondthoughts.A．mayhaveB．couldhaveC．musthavehadD．mighthavehad3．（2012·陕西高考）Ifmycar______morereliable，IwouldhavedriventoLhasainsteadofflyinglastsummer.A．wasB．hadbeenC．shouldbeD．wouldbe4．（2012·辽宁高考）Jackisagreattalker.It"shightimethathe______somethinginsteadofjusttalking.A．willdoB．hasdoneC．doD．did5．（2012·山东高考）Ifwe______adequatepreparations,theconferencewouldn"thavebeensosuccessful.A．haven"tmadeB．wouldn"tmakeC．didn"tmakeD．hadn"tmade6．（2012·安徽高考）Gracedoesn"twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshe______there，shewouldn"tbeabletoseeherparentsveryoften.A．livesB．wouldliveC．haslivedD．weretolive7．（2012·福建高考）Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage，otherwisewe______moreplacesofinterestyesterday.A．visitedB．hadvisitedC．wouldvisitD．wouldhavevisited8．（2012·湖南高考）Sorry，Iamtoobusynow.IfI______time，Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.A．havehadB．hadhadC．haveD．had9．（2012·天津高考）WewouldhavecalledataxiyesterdayifHarold______usaridehome.A．didn"tofferB．wouldn"tofferC．hasn"tofferedD．hadn"toffered10．（2011·课标全国高考）They______havearrivedatlunchtimebuttheirflightwasdelayed.A．willB．canC．mustD．should11．（2011·北京高考）—Wherearethechildren？Thedinner"sgoingtobecompletelyruined.—Iwishthey______alwayslate.A．weren"tB．hadn"tbeenC．wouldn"tbeD．wouldn"thavebeen12．（2011·北京高考）MaybeifI______science，andnotliteraturethen，Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelp.A．studiedB．wouldstudyC．hadstudiedD．wasstudying13．（2011·天津高考）I______soonerbutIdidn"tknowthattheywerewaitingforme.A．hadcomeB．wascomingC．wouldcomeD．wouldhavecome14．（2011·福建高考）—Pityyoumissedthelectureonnuclearpollution.—I______it，butIwasbusypreparingforajobinterview.A．attendedB．hadattendedC．wouldattendD．wouldhaveattended 15．（2011·陕西高考）I______throughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.A．couldn"thavegoneB．didn"tgoC．wouldn"tgoD．hadn"tgone答案：1．B　asif条件句用虚拟语气表示与现在的事实相反。句意：不要对待那个花瓶像它是由钢制成似的。2．D　句意：如果他们知道接下来会发生什么，他们可能就会再三考虑了。表示与过去事实相反的虚拟，主句用“might/could/should/would＋havedone”。3．B　根据wouldhavedriven可知是与过去的事实相反，故if条件句用过去完成时。句意：如果我的车子再可靠一点的话，我就会开车而不是乘飞机去拉萨了。4．D　句意：杰克是个空谈家。到了他做点事而不是夸夸其谈的时候了。itishightime从句中要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词多用一般过去时，或是should＋动词原形，should不能省略。故只有D项正确。5．D　在if引导的条件虚拟句中，与过去情况相反的条件句用haddone的形式，主句谓语为“情态动词＋havedone”形式。句意：如果我们没有做好充分的准备，会议也就不会那么顺利。故选D项。6．D　句意：格雷斯不想搬到纽约去，因为她认为如果她住在那儿的话，就不能经常见到她的父母了。由句意可知，这是对将来事情的虚拟。故主句中要用“would＋动词原形”，条件句中可以用weretodo,一般过去时态或者should＋do。所以只有D项符合题意。7．D　由句子中的“我们在那个小村庄里迷了路”与otherwise可想到本题考查对过去事情的虚拟语气；otherwise等于ifwehadn"tlostourwayinthatsmallvillage，因此其主句的谓语应用“wouldhavedone”的形式，故答案为D项。8．D　句意：很抱歉，我现在很忙。要是我有时间，一定会与你去远足的。根据句意可知，此处表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，条件句中的谓语动词要用过去式。故D项正确。9．D　句意：昨天，如果不是哈罗德让我们搭他的车回家，我们就叫辆出租车了。表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，条件句的谓语动词用过去完成时。10．D　shouldhavedone意为“本该做某事（但实际上未做）”，符合句意。句意：他们本该在午饭的时候到达，但是他们的航班延误了。A项为将来完成时；B项的can表推测，不能用于肯定句中；C项构成musthavedone结构，表示“一定做过某事”。11．A　本题是考查wish后接虚拟语气的用法，而且是对现在情况的虚拟，应用一般过去时表示。句意：——孩子们到哪儿去了？饭菜快凉了。——真希望他们不要总这么晚。12．C　由“ifI...then”可知，从句是对过去事情的虚拟，应用过去完成时。句意：或许当时如果我学自然科学而不学文学的话，我就会给你更多的帮助。故选C项。13．D　由空后的butIdidn"tknowthattheywerewaitingforme可知“我”并没有早点来，因此第一句是一个虚拟语气的句子。因为讲述的过去的事情，所以句子应借助于“would＋have＋过去分词”的形式。本句可以改为以下形式：IwouldhavecomesoonerifIhadknownthattheywerewaitingforme.句意：我本来能够早点来，但是我不知道他们在等着我。故选D项。14．D　由but后的Iwasbusypreparingforajobinterview可知说话者并没有去听演讲，因此此处应是一个表示过去情况的虚拟语气。对过去的事情进行虚拟时，主句应用“would＋have＋过去分词”。本句可以改为IwouldhaveattendeditifIhadn"tbeenbusypreparingforajobinterview.句意：——你错过了关于核污染的演讲真是遗憾。——我本想去参加的，但是我正忙着准备工作面试。故选D项。15．A　句意：如果没有你们慷慨相助，我不可能度过那段艰辛的岁月。表达与过去事实相反的虚拟时，主句用“would/could/should/might＋havedone”，故选A项。四、课时评价设计1.自我评价：说说学习过程中自己特别感兴趣并有帮助的三项活动，说出这些活动在哪些方面对自己有帮助ActivityWhatkindofhelp lead-in海伦凯勒的《假如给我三天光明》(threedaystosee)激发了学生兴趣的同时也起到良好的励志效果，渗透了对学生进行恰当的德育教育Observation&Conclusion提高学生的观察和总结归纳的能力Game&Story通过做游戏和看图讲故事让学生感受该语法的实用性。2.小组互评：姓名发言的次数（多于平均3，一般2，少于平均1）和同学的合作意愿（好3，一般2，不太愿意1）对同伴的启发和帮助（较大3，一般2，几乎没有1）为小组活动准备的资料（较多3，一般2，很少1）总分张茂梅322310郭依龙232310王帮茹333312赵孝兰12227五、教后记本课的教学过程，由海伦凯勒的《假如给我三天光明》导入，引出这节课的主要内容——虚拟语气。这不仅激发了学生兴趣，同时也起到良好的励志效果。接着让学生观察句子，总结语法。在练习中，通过游戏，让学生以小组为单位领取讨论话题，运用目标语法合作完成，接着趁热打铁，用虚拟语气看图写作。这节课通过讲练结合，总体感觉课堂进程比较自然、顺利，内容充实，条理清晰，使得学生处在主动参与和积极配合的状态中，达到了预期设想。较好的方面：1、《假如给我三天光明》激发了学生兴趣的同时，也起到良好的励志效果，学习中或人生中遇到问题、挫折时，鼓励学生要对自己说Itry（我要试试），而不是Ican’t（我不行）。2、教学中各环节衔接紧密，讲练结合，内容充实，过程顺畅，有条理性,对这节课学生要掌握知识的小结很到位不足的方面：1.学生用虚拟语气看图写作时间过短，不能写出高质量的文章，只是简单的运用了虚拟语气的句型。2.课上未能展示高考真题，只能留作课下作业。——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— 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