英语语法练习题大全 66页

英语语法习题目录第一讲主谓一致第二讲名词第三讲代词第四讲动词分类第五讲动词时态第六讲被动语态第七讲虚拟语气第八讲助动词第九讲不定式第十讲V-ing形式第十一讲V-ed形式第十二讲形容词／副词第十三讲介词第十四讲连词第十五讲It的用法第十六讲定语从句第十七讲名词性从句第十八讲状语从句第十九讲倒装句第一讲主谓一致I.学习重点从句或非谓语动词作主语时的主谓一致表示数量的名词词组作主语时的主谓一致由连接词连接的主语与谓语的一致集体名词作主语时的主谓一致“主语+with/aswellas等短语”的主谓一致Ⅱ．重点讲解主语和谓语的一致主要指谓语动词必须和作主语的名词或人称代词在人称和数上保持一致。处理主谓一致关系主要遵循以下3条原则。①语法一致原则，即谓语的单、复数形式依主语的单、复数形式而定：主语为复数，谓语动词用复数；主语为单数或是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。②就近一致原则，即谓语动词的人称和数要与它最邻近的名词或代词保持一致。③意义一致原则，即不以语法形式而从意义着眼处理一致关系，若主语形式上为复数，但意义上是单数，谓语动词需用单数；若主语形式上为单数，而意义上是复数，则谓语动词用复数。Ⅲ、自测题1．Thecommittee______(be)unabletoagreeonthepolicies． 2．Thecommittee______(have)decidedtogivetheworkersmorefinancialhelp．3．Whyheenteredthehouseandhowhemanagedtogetoutofitwithoutbeingseenbypeople______(remain)amysterytousall．4．Threeyearsinastrangeland______(seem)likealongtime．5．Heisoneofthosemenwhonever______(care)howtheylook．6．Lawandorder______(mean)differentthingstopeoplewithdifferentpoliticalopinions．7．She’stheonlyoneofthesewomenwho______(play)bridgewell．8．Aftertheexams______(be)thetimetorelax．9．Warandpeace______(be)aconstantthemeinhistory．10．Howisitthatyouranswerandyourneighbour’s______(be)identical?11．Ifeitherofyou______(take)avacationnow,wewillnotbeabletofinishthework．12．Onethirdofthepopulation______(be)workinginfactories．13．There______(be)abedandtwosofasintheroom．14．Whatheleftme______(be)threesmallrooms.15．Thecrowdatthebasketballgame______(be)wildwithexcitement.16．Noneofthestudents______(have)finishedtheexamyet．17．Alargecrowdofpeople______(have)gatheredundertheTownHallclock．18．AllbutheandI______(be)goingtotheExhibition．19．Eachsoldierandsailor______(be)givenagun．20．Attendingoncampusconcerts______(be)partofthepleasureofcollegelife．21．There______(be)morethanoneanswertoyourquestion．22．Anumberofpages______(be)foundmissing．23．Thisisoneofthebooksthat______(tell)anauthenticstoryofWorldWarTwo．24．Thecatwithherkittens______(be)sittinginthesun．25．What______(be)yourweeklywages?26．Baconandeggs______(make)aheartybreakfastforagrowingboy．27．Dancingandskating______(be)mychiefdelights．28．Onlyoneofthestudentswho______(have)readthearticlecananswerthequestion．29．Johnistheonlystudentwho______(have)readthebook．30．Thenumberofsecretariesinthiscompany______(be)neverunder100．31．Fivehundreddollars______(be)spentyesterday.32．ItisIwho______(be)responsibleforthis.33．Tovisittheparksandmuseums______(be)reallyenjoyable．34．Everywordandphraseinthisdictionary______(be)important．35．Whathewants______(be)arecorderandaradio．36．There______(be)manyareasonwhythisbooksellswell．37．Whatcausedthedamageofthesecars______(remain)unknown．38．Twothirdsofmyfriends______(have)beenabroad．39．Twothirdsofthecrop______(have)beendamagedbythestorm．40．TheAdventuresofSherlockHolmes______(have)beentranslatedintomanylanguages．41．Athousandmilesnolonger______muchtoustoday,formodernjetscaneasilygetusoverthisdistancewithinafewhours．A)meantB)meanC)meansD)willmean42．Itisreportedthatabouttwo-thirdsofthefactory’sproperty _______inthefire．A)arelostB)havebeenlostC)werelostD)hasbeenlost43.Statistics______arathermodernbranchofmathematics．A)areB)wereC)isD)aretobe44．Everymeans______triedoutbutneverwithsuccess,asfarasmyknowledgegoes．A)isB)hasbeenC)areD)havebeen45．ThewomanwriterandOscarAwardcandidate_______acollectionofshortstories．A)havejustturnedoutB)hasjustturnedoutC)havejustbeenturnedoutD)hasjustbeenturnedout46．Theathlete,togetherwithhiscoachandseveralrelatives,_____totheOlympicGames．A)aretravelingB)istravelingC)weretravelingD)havebeentraveling47．NotonlyIbutalsoTomandMary______fondofwatchingtelevision．A)amB)isC)areD)have48．Theaudience_______requestedtobeintheirseatsby7:00．A)haveB)hasC)areD)is49．Yourtrousers______toolong．______tobeshortenedalittle.A)are;TheyneedB)is;ItneedsC)are;ItneedsD)is;Theyneed50．Differentformsofgovernmentagency______differentfunctions．A)isB)areC)hasD)have 第二讲名词I.学习重点可数名词与不可数名词名词的复数词尾变化形式名词所有格名词作定语复合名词作定语时的数单位词Ⅱ．重点讲解名词是表示人、事物和抽象概念的词，它在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、同位语以及后置定语。根据其所表达的意义，名词可以分为普通名词和专有名词。普通名词包括个体名词(如chair,student等)、集体名词(如family,people,police等)、物质名词(如glass,water,wool等)、抽象名词(如work,anger等)。专有名词是表示个别人、地方、事物、机构等所特有的名称，如China,Beijing,Mary,Dr.Brown等。Ⅲ．自测题1．Letmegiveyou______．A)someadviceB)someadvicesC)anadviceD)theadvice2．I’llhaveacupofteaand______．A)twotoastsB)twopiecesoftoastC)twopieceoftoastsD)twopiecesoftoasts3．______didyoubuyforyournewflat?A)Howmanyfurniture’sB)Howmuchpiecesoffurniture’sC)HowmuchfurnitureD)Howmanyafurniture4．Mr．Wanghasrecentlymade______．A)somehugefortunesfromshareB)hugefortunefromsharesC)hugefortunesfromshareD)ahugefortunefromshares5．Thefloodhasdone______tothisregion．A)damageB)damagingC)damagesD)ruin6．______areungrounded．A)AllthisworriesB)AlltheseworriesC)AlltheworryD)Alltheseworry7．Isthis______toachievesuccess? A)theonlymeansB)theverytwomeansC)variousmeansD)theverymean8．______coveringitarenotobtainable．A)AccuratedataB)AccuratedatumC)AccuratedatumsD)Datumsaccurate9．Hesaidhehadmettheman______．A)atmyuncle’sroomSmithB)atmyuncleSmith’sroomC)atSmith’smyuncle’sroomD)atroomofmyuncle’sSmith’s10．Iwanttoknow______．A)somebodyelseopinionB)somebody’selseopinionC)somebodyelse’sopinionD)somebody’selse’sopinion11．Thisisapicture______．A)ofmyboy’sB)ofmyroom’sC)ofaboy’sD)oftheboy’sroom’s12．______ofMrs．Brown’s．A)MaryisthedaughterB)ThisisMaryC)MaryisadaughterD)ThisisMary,thedaughter13．Ihavefinished______.A)adayworkB)onedayworkC)aday’sworkD)theworkofaday14．Juliewenttothe______tobuyapairofshoes．A)shoesstoreB)shoe’sstoreC)shoestoreD)shoesstore15．Heisa______．A)bankpresidentB)presidentofabank’sC)bankspresidentD)presidentofthebank’s16．Whatdoyoucalljuicethatcomesfromtomatoes?Youcallit______?A)tomatoesjuiceB)tomatojuiceC)juiceoftomatoD)tomatoesjuice17．Therapidityof______inariverdependsonthewidthoftheriverbed。A)water’smovementB)watermovementC)watermovement’sD)water’smovement’s18．The______wasbroughttocompletionin1958．A)workersstadiumB)workersstadium’C)worker’sstadiumD)workers’stadium19．Ishallbebackin______．A)anhourortwotimeB)anhourortwo’stimeC)anhour’sortwotimeD)ahourortwo’stime20．Wouldyoucompareandtellthedifferencesbetween______houses?A)AlanandSmith’sB)AlanandSmithC)Alan’sandSmith’sD)Alan’sandSmith21．Theminersescapedthedanger______．A)byahairbreadthB)byhairbreadthC)byhairsbreadthD)byahairsbreadth22．Sheputherarmthrough______．A)herbrotherB)brotherC)herbrother’sD)brother’s23．Theboysateanddrank______．A)totheirheart’scontentsB)totheirhearts’contentsC)totheirheartscontentD)totheirhearts’content24．______racewilltakeplaceatninesharptomorrowmorning． A)ScottandAnderson’sB)ScottandAndersonC)Scott’sandAnderson’sD)Scott’sandAnderson25．TheytookDorson’schildto______atoncebycar．A)doctor’sB)thedoctor’sC)thedoctorsD)doctor26．______musthaveheardtheterriblecryfromthebuilding．A)Oneofpasser-bysB)Oneofpassers-byC)Oneofthepasser’bysD)Oneofthepassers-by27．Thoughhewasincollege,hewasstillfondofreading______．A)storiesofchildrenB)childrensstoriesC)childrenstoriesD)children’sstories28．Wecalledat______onweekend．A)mygrandmotherB)mygrandmother’sC)minegrandmotherD)minegrandmothers29．Wehavechicken,vegetables,______forlunch．A)fishandmuttonB)fishesandmuttonC)fishesandmuttonsD)fishandmuttons30．Veryheavy______areleviedonsomeimportedgoods．A)customdutyB)customsdutyC)customsdutiesD)customduties31．Theysaw______inthatroom．A)alargeamountoffurnitureB)alargeamountoffurnituresC)manyfurnituresD)fewfurnitures32．Theywererequestedtohandintheir______amonthlater．A)thesesB)thesisesC)thesisD)these33．AfterfouryearsinCanada,shegot______．A)adegreeofdoctorB)thedegreeofadoctorC)adoctor’sdegreeD)adoctordegree34．Thebeautifulwomanturnedouttobe______．A)adaughterofMrsGreen’sB)aMrsGreen’sdaughterC)adaughterofMrsGreenD)thedaughterofMrsGreen35．Thisisaspecial______ofbutterflies．A)specyB)speciesC)specysD)specis36．______wenttothepartylastnight．A)ManyJohnfriendsB)ManyJohn’sfriendsC)ManyofJohnfriendsD)ManyfriendsofJohn’s37．Theroomwassmallandcontainedfartoo______．A)manynewfurnitureB)muchnewfurnituresC)muchnewfurnitureD)manynewfurnitures38．Wefound______inalargeironcageinthezoo．A)twodeerB)twoheadsofdeerC)alotofdeersD)anamountofdeer39．TheNazikeptthose______intheirconcentrationcamps．A)prisoner-of-warsB)prisoners-of-warsC)prisoner-of-warD)prisoners-of-war 40．Thedoctorcheckedupbothhis______hearts．A)father-in-law’sandhisbrother-in-law’sB)father’s-in-lawandhisbrother’s-in-lawC)father-in-lawandhisbrother-in-law’sD)father-in-lawsandhisbrother-in-laws第三讲代词I.学习重点不定代词的用法Ⅱ．重点讲解代词是用来代替名词或名词词组的，它的主要作用是在句子中避免名词的重复。代词可分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词、关系代词、连接代词等。我们将关系代词放在定语从句中论述，连接代词放在名词性从句中论述。Ⅲ．自测题1．Shehastwodaughtersbut______ofthemlikeschocolates．A)noB)eitherC)neitherD)both2．Choose______bookyoulikefrommycollection．A)eachB)anyC)someD)anyone3．Ihavehadonehousethatexactlysuitedme,andIcanhardlyexpecttofind______． A)anotherB)otherC)anyD)theother4．______ofthemknewabouttheplanbecauseitwassecret．A)AnyB)NooneC)SomeD)None5．Ihavetwobrothers．Oneisateacher,______isabusinessman．A)anotherB)otheroneC)theotherD)other6．______ofthefourroadswilltakeyoutothelibrary．A)EveryB)BothC)AnyD)Neither7．Theydonotaccept______suggestion．A)neitherB)eitherC)bothD)bothof8．Theteachergave______ofthepupilsaballpen．A)eachB)everyC)someD)theother9．Agoodwriteris______whocanexpressthecommonplaceinanuncommonwayA)thisB)thatC)oneD)which10．Thereasonwhywedidn’tget______peopletohelpusintheworkisthatwedidntwanttotroubleanyone．A)allB)anyC)noD)some11．______ofyousharedmyopinions,sowehave______incommontodiscuss．A)Few;littleB)Nobody;alittleC)Afew;littleD)None;many12．KimandTonywerenottheonlypeopleinthegarden．There______．A)weresomeotheronesB)weresomeothersC)wasanotherpeopleD)wassomeonemore13．Itisonethingtoenjoylisteningtogoodmusic,butitisquite______toperformskillfullyyourself．A)otherB)someC)anotherD)any14．TwopeoplehadmettheGeneralbefore,but______recognizedhim．A)eitherB)anyC)neitherD)some15．______ofthetwowinnersinthecompositioncontestwasawardedapen．A)EveryoneB)EveryoneC)EachoneD)Anyone16．Theboytookoffhisgloves．______hadholesinthefingers．A)EitheroneB)EveryoneC)AnyoneD)Eachone17．Iwalkedintotheroomand______．A)shookhandswitheverybodyB)shookhandwitheachoneC)shookhandswitheachD)shookthehandbyeverybody18．Twolittleboysofmybrother’scalledtoseemeandIgaveanappleto______whentheysatdown．A)everyoneofthemB)eachC)everyoneD)every19．Afewcakeswereserved,andheate______．A)everyoneB)everyoneC)nooneD)anyone20．______expressedhisdetermination．A)EveryoneofthemB)EveryoneofusC)NobodyofthemD)Anybodyofyou21．Ipreferredrosestowhite______，butmysisterlikesboth______．A)one…oneB)ones…onesC)one…onesD)ones…/ 22．______thegirlscameonthetrip．A)NoB)NobodyofC)NoneofD)Nooneof23．—Whatdoyouthinkaboutthesecakes?—I’dliketohave______．A)someotherB)anotherC)theotherD)other24．Alexandercertainlytalksalotandhe’sneverinterestedinwhat______hastosay．A)anyoneelseB)nobodyelseC)nooneD)somebodyother25．Itgoeswithoutsayingthat______thestaffofourcompanycanentertheselaboratories．A)anybodybutB)butanybodyC)nonebutD)everybodybut26．______ofthetwobooksholdstheopinionthatthedangerofanuclearwarisincreasing．A)NoneB)EitherC)BothD)Neither27．It’stime______aboutthetrafficproblemdowntown.A)somethingwasdoneB)everythingisdoneC)anythingwillbedoneD)nothingtobedone28．Youhavetohurryupifyouwanttobuysomethingbecausethereishardly______left.A)everythingB)nothingC)somethingD)anything29．Themanagingdirectorrefusedtoaccept______ofthefourproposalsmadebythecontractorsanddemandedcompletenovelty．A)eitherB)anyC)neitherD)none30．Knowledgeisatwo-edgedweaponwhichcanbeusedequallyforgoodorevil.It’snowbeingusedindifferentlyfor______．A)eachB)eitherC)bothD)oneandtheother31．Inordertobeagoodmountaineer,______andenoughknowledgeingeologyandmeteorology．A)asoundbodyshouldbeobtainedbyoneB)itisessentialtohavesoundbodyC)thereshouldbeasoundbodyD)oneshouldhaveasoundbody32．Ofthefourbridgesontheriver,thenewonecompletedlastyearislongerandwiderthan______．A)anotherB)theotherC)theothersD)oneanother33．Hecomposedavastamountofmusic,______iseverplayedtoday．A)oneofwhichB)littleofwhichC)seldomD)afewofthem34．Taperecordersarequitecheapinthiscountry,youcanbuy______forafewpounds,thoughthebest______areusuallyexported．A)ones…oneB)one…onesC)that…oneD)that…ones35．AlthoughArtTatumwastotallyblindinoneeyeandhadonlyslightvision in______,hebecameaninternationalrenownedjazzmusician.A)thenextoneB)anotherC)theotherD)otherone第四讲动词分类I.学习重点“动词+介词”构成的短语动词“动词+副词”构成的短语动词“动词+副词+介词”构成的短语动词“动词+名词+介词”构成的短语动词“动词(+宾语)+介词+名词”构成的短语动词“动词+名词”构成的短语动词Ⅱ．重点讲解由一个单词构成的动词叫作“单词动词”，如live,work,study,strike,come,go等。短语动词是以实义动词为中心词加上介词或副词等构成的多词动词。它们所表示的意义通常不是动词和介词／副词各自词义的简单结合。在使用时，我们要将短语动词作为一个整体看待。短语动词可分为及物和不及物两种类型。此类题主要是考查短语动词的意义，所以识记和领会短语动词的意义是学习短语动词的关键。Ⅲ．自测题1．Whenherealizedthepolicehadspottedhim,theman_______theexitasquicklyaspossible.A)madeoffB)madeforC)madeoutD)madeup2．Havingdecidedtorentaflat,we_______contactingalltheaccommodationagenciesinthecity．A)setaboutB)setdownC)setoutD)setup3．Themanagerneedsanassistantthathecan_____totakecareofproblemsinhisabsence．A)countonB)countinC)countupD)countout4．ThereareotherproblemswhichIdon’tproposeto_______atthemomentA)gointoB)goaroundC)goforD)goup5．Thispopularsportscarisnowbeing_____attherateofathousandaweek．A)turneddownB)turnedoutC)turnedupD)turnedon6.TheFrenchpianistwhohadbeenpraisedveryhighly______tobeagreatdisappointment． A)turnedupB)turnedinC)turnedoutD)turneddown7．Ifyouhappento________mylostpaperswhileyou’relookingforyourbook,pleaseletmeknowatoncebytelephone．A)comeacrossB)cometoC)comeupD)comeover8．Importantpeopledon’thavemuchfreetimeastheirwork____alltheirtime．A)takesawayB)takesoverC)takesupD)takesin9．WhenIwasveryyoung,Iwasterriblyfrightenedofschool,butIsoon______it．A)gotoffB)gotacrossC)gotawayD)gotover10．Ialways_________whatIhavesaid．A)gettoB)holdtoC)leadtoD)seeto11．Theengine________smokeandsteam．A)givesupB)givesinC)givesawayD)givesoff12．They________inspiteoftheextremelydifficultconditions．A)carriedoutB)carriedoffC)carriedonD)carriedforward13．WhenMr．Jonesgetsold,hewill_______overhisbusinesstohisson．A)takeB)handC)thinkD)get14．Ican’t______whatthatobjectis．A)makeupB)makeoverC)makeoutD)makefor15．Althoughhehadlookedthroughallthereferencematerialonthesubject,hestillfoundithardtounderstandthispointandherexplanationonly________tohisconfusion．A)extendedB)amountedC)addedD)turned16．She________tosaythatshewasnotinterestedinwhatIwastalkingabout．A)brokeoutB)brokeinC)brokedownD)brokeup17．Experiencedasweare,wemustallow_______unexpecteddifficulties．A)forB)toC)withD)into18．Thewalletwas_______totheAmericantouristwhenheprovedthatitwashis．A)givenawayB)givenoutC)givenbackD)givenup19．Theyneededquiteasumofmoneyto_______aspecialschoolforgiftedchildren．A)setaboutB)setupC)setbackD)setoff20．Theoldladyopenedthewindowtoseewhatwas______outsideinthelane．A)goingonB)goingoutC)goingoverD)goingafter21．WiththebirthoftheCommunistPartyofChina,thefaceoftheChinese Revolution______analtogethernewaspect．A)tookforB)tookonC)tookupD)tookover22．Theblowknockedhimunconsciousanditwasseveralminutesbeforehe．A)cameoutB)cameoffC)cametoD)cameup23．ThoughcruellytorturedbytheGermanfascists,theundergroundleaderdidnt_______anyofhiscomrades．A)giveinB)giveupC)givebackD)giveaway24．Peggyhadbeenabsentfromschoolfortwoweeks,soshenaturallyhadalotofhomeworkto_______．A)makeoutB)makeforC)makeafterD)makeup25．Hetriedto_______atleasthalfanhoureverydayforjogging(慢跑)．A)setoutB)setasideC)setoffD)setback26．Atfirsthecouldhardly_______whattheAmericanprofessorwassaying．A)takeinB)takeoffC)taketoD)takeover27．Oncehehas_______hisloanfromthebank,HenrywillowemoneytonooneA)paidbackB)paidforC)paidupD)paidoff28．Whenthetrain_______,theLafayettestudentsweresurprisedtolearnthattheCarlisletrackteamwascomposedofonemanonly．A)pulledoutB)pulledonC)pulledupD)pulledin29．Afterthebigjobwasfinished,thebuilder_______thenumberofmenworkingforhim．A)cutbackB)cutacrossC)cutoffD)cutin30．Thepresidentcalledonthepeopleto_______armstodefendtheirfreedomandindependence．A)takeonB)takeafterC)takeupD)takedown31．Iwilldomybestto_______yourexpectation．A)liveuptoB)livewithC)livethroughD)liveby32．John’syoungestsonis______medicine．A)puttingupwithB)standinguptoC)goinginforD)makingupfor33．Thebandwassoshortofmusiciansthattheyhadto_______students．A)fallforB)fallbackonC)fallinD)fallon34．We’ve________sugar．AskMrsJohnsonstolendussome．A)rundownB)runoffC)runawaywithD)runoutof35．Thegoodserviceatthehotel_______thepoorfoodtosomeextent．A)madeforB)madeoutC)madeupD)madeupfor36．She________usbecauseshewenttoanexpensiveschool． A)looksaboveB)looksdownuponC)looksoverD)looksupto37．You’llfindthatjobverydifficult．You’ll______someverytrickyproblems．A)runoverB)comeoffC)comeupagainstD)runoutof38．Therearemanyinconveniencesthathavetobe______whenyouarecamping．A)putupB)putoffC)putupwithD)putaway39．Havinggatheredsomeinformationabouttheaccident,they______itsrealcauses．A)gotdowntoB)gotroundtoC)gotoutofD)gotinto40．WhenIwascriticizedatthemeeting,onlyhe______me．A)stoodforB)stooduptoC)stoodupforD)stoodout41．Iamafraidmygrandfather’shealthwillnotbeableto_____thisdramaticchangeofweather．A)standupforB)standoutC)standupD)standupto42．Jackhasbeenworkinghardandhas______hisclassmatesinstudies．A)caughtonB)caughtupwithC)caughtoutD)caughtup43．Theyaretryinghardto________technicaldevelopments．A)keepupwithB)keepbackC)putupwithD)keepup44．Tofulfilthetaskassignedme,I’mquitepreparedto______whateverdangerthatmayliebehind．A)facewithB)faceuptoC)facedownD)faceupwith45.Veryfewscientists______withcompletelynewanswerstotheworld’sproblems．A)cometoB)comeroundC)comeupD)comeon46．Theunion______underthefinancialstrain．A)brokeupB)brokeoutC)brokeoffD)brokedown47．Ifwecan______ourpresentdifficulties,theneverythingshouldbeallright．A)getoffB)putawayC)comeacrossD)getover48．Thecarsloweddownand______atthegate．A)pulledoutB)pulledonC)pulleddownD)pulledup49．Somehardplasticscanbe______metalsinmanufacturingmachineparts.A)substitutedforB)replacedC)takentheplaceofD)givenwayto50．Trainsstophereinorderto______passengersonly．A)getoffB)pickupC)pullupD)getout51．Tomcouldnot______thelastproblemonthearithmetictest． A)filloutB)figureoutC)findoutD)feellike52．ThisofficeissosmallthatIdon’tthinkwecan______anotherdesk．A)placedownB)holdupC)takeinD)fitin53．IhadabitofcoldovertheweekendbutfortunatelyI______．A)putitoffB)madeitupC)calleditoffD)threwitoff54．Prepositions______inthestructureofEnglish．A)takepartB)takeagreatpartC)playalargepartD)playmanyparts55．JackwasabouttoannounceourplanbutI______．A)puthimthroughB)gavehimupC)turnedhimoutD)cuthimshort第五讲动词时态I.学习重点一般现在时一般将来时一般过去时现在进行时现在完成时现在完成进行时过去完成时将来完成时过去将来完成时将来进行时Ⅱ．重点讲解时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式，表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态。英语中共有16种时态. Ⅲ．自测题1．Longago,peopledidn’tknowtheearth______roundthesun．A)movesB)weremovedC)movedD)hadmoved2．Tomwillgotoschoolthemomenthe______hiswork．A)willfinishB)finishedC)finishesD)wouldfinish3．Iwillgothereevenifit______tomorrow．A)willhaverainedB)willrainC)hasrainedD)rains4．Incasehe______,letmeknow．A)hascomeB)comesC)willcomeD)wouldcome5．It’shardtotellifit______tonight．A)willsnowB)snowsC)shallsnowD)willhavesnowed6．Freeticketswillbegiventowhoever______first．A)willcomeB)hascomeC)comesD)come7．I______Johnseveraltimesduringthepastmonth．A)sawB)hadseenC)seeD)haveseen8．It______everydaysofarthisweek.A)hasrainedB)rainsC)israiningD)rained9．ThisisthefirsttimethatI______toParis．A)willgoB)havebeenC)havegoneD)came10．ItisthethirdcigarettethatI______thismorning．A)smokeB)smokedC)havesmokedD)amsmoking11．Anneisoneofthebrightestpupilswho______fromtheschool．A)havegraduatedB)hasgraduatedC)hadgraduatedD)graduated12．IamtodomyhomeworkassoonasI______backfromschool．A)hadarrivedB)willarriveC)havearrivedD)wouldarrive13．BythetimeMrs．Smithlefttheschool,she______thatcoursefortwentyyears．A)taughtB)hastaughtC)hasbeenteachingD)hadtaught14．Where______whenIwasintheAtlanticCity?A)haveyoubeenB)wereyouC)hadyoubeenD)didyou15．NosoonerhadMr．Greenfinishedexplainingthepoemthanthestudentsquestions______topourin．A)beginB)beganC)beginningD)hadbegun16．OurteachersaidtheYellowRiver______thesecondlargestriverinChina． A)wasB)wereC)hasbeenD)is17．PerhapsI______readingthebookbythistimetomorrow．A)willhavefinishedB)willfinishC)havefinishedD)wouldhavefinished18．We______nearlyathousandmileswhenwereachLondon．A)travelB)havetraveledC)shallhavetraveledD)aretraveling19．I’ll______mysisterattheairportatfiveo’clocktomorrowafternoon．A)bemeetingB)bemetC)havemetD)havebeenmeeting20．Thelittlegirl______finedeedsbothatandoutofschool．A)wasalwaysdoneB)isalwaysdoingC)hadalwaysdoneD)doesalwaysdo21．Ihadintendedto______youanearlyreply,butIdidn’tknowhowtogetcontactwithyou．A)havegivenB)wouldgiveC)giveD)giving22．Iwasto______toseeyouyesterday,butIwastoobusytogetaway．A)comeB)becomingC)havecomeD)coming23．ItistwoyearssinceI______you．A)seeB)haveseenC)hadseenD)saw24．ItisthethirdtimethatTom______lateforclass．A)hasarrivedB)arrivesC)arriveD)isarriving25．Hewillcometocallonyouthemomenthe______hiswork．A)willfinishB)finishesC)finishedD)tofinish26．—Let’shurry．Thepresidentiscoming．—Oh,Ithoughtthatwe______．A)alreadymisshimB)hadalreadymissedhimC)willmisshimalreadyD)havealreadymissedhim27．TheSmithstoldJackthatthey______anewcarthenextmorning．A)wenttobuyB)wouldbegoingtobuyC)weregoingtobuyD)havegonebuying28．JohnandMary______inSeptember．A)aretobemarriedB)willmarryC)istomarryD)ismarried29．IlikedtoplayfootballwhenIwasattheuniversity,butIbrokealegfiveyearsagoandsincethenI______．A)haven’tplayedagainB)didn’tplayagainC)wouldnotplayagainD)wouldhaveplayedagain30．Itdoesn’tmatterwho______thereinhisplace．A)willgoB)gotoC)wentD)goes31．Whenhegraduatesfromtheuniversitythissummer,Tom______hereforfouryears．A)willbestudyingB)willstudyC)willhavestudiedD)studies 32．ThelittlegirltoldmehernameonlyafterI______hermine．A)hadtoldB)toldC)tellD)havetold33．I’dliketoknowwhenhe______back．A)isB)willbeC)beD)wouldbe34．Whatever______,youshouldkeepcool-headed．A)happenedB)shouldhappenC)willhappenD)happens35．I’llletyouhavethebookwhenI______through．A)willbeB)amgoingtobeC)amD)shallbe36．________lastyearandisnowearninghislivingasanadvertisingagent．A)HelefttheschoolB)HehasleftschoolC)HehadleftschoolD)Heleftschool37．IknewIcouldnotfinishthehomework________．A)byhehadcomeB)untilhehascomeC)whenhecomesD)beforehecame38．Thegovernment________toapprovetheuseofwidespreadsurveillancewhentheJusticeDepartmenttookobjections．A)isgoingB)hadbeenC)wasaboutD)iscoming39．Ihadn’texpectedJamestoapologizebutIhadhoped_______．A)himcallingmeB)thathewouldcallmeC)himtocallmeD)thathecallme40．Donotdisturbme．I_______lettersallmorningandhavewrittentensofar．A)writeB)havewrittenC)waswritingD)havebeenwriting41．Mr．Brown_______herefortwoweeks．A)hasalreadybeenB)isalreadybeingC)hasalreadybeenbeingD)isalready42．Handinyourpaperswhenyou______thetest．A)arefinishingB)willfinishC)willhavefinishedD)havefinished43．Bythetimethecourseends,______alotaboutBritain．A)we’lllearnB)wearelearningC)wehavelearnedD)we’llhavelearnt44．Myfather_______．A)hasforevercriticizedmeB)forevercriticizesmeC)doesforevercriticizemeD)isforevercriticizingme45.Jameshasjustarrived,butIdidn’tknowhe______untilyesterday．A)willcomeB)wascomingC)hadbeencomingD)comes46．WheneverI______thesedays,Ialwayscarrymyraincoat．A)shallgooutB)amgoingoutC)wouldgooutD)goout47．Ihadhoped_______myletter．A)hertoanswerB)thatsheanswerC)thatshewouldanswerD)heranswering48．Thisisthefirsttime_______reallyrelaxedformonths． A)I’vefeltB)IfeelC)feltD)Iamfeeling49．Theywerequarrellingaboutthepropertytheirfather_______themwhenhe_______．A)left…diedB)left…hadbeendeadC)hadleft…diedD)hadleft…wasdied50．I______thatwewouldbeabletoleavetomorrow,butit’sbeginnigtolookdifficult．A)hopedB)hadhopedC)washopingD)wouldhope51．Thecompany_________ariseinsalaryforages,butnothinghashappenedyet．A)ispromisedB)hasbeenpromisingC)ispromisingD)promised52．Therewasaknockatthedoor．Itwasthesecondtimesomeone________methatevening．A)hadinterruptedB)wouldhaveinterruptedC)tohaveinterruptedD)tointerrupt53．Thenewonewayscheme______forjustoversixmonths,andtraffichasimprovedconsiderablyasaresult．A)hasbeenoperatedB)hastobeoperatedC)hasbeenoperatingD)hadoperating54．Theyweresweatingalloverbecausethey______basketballformorethantwohours．A)wereplayingB)weretoplayC)weretohaveplayedD)hadbeenplaying55．Eversincetheworldbegan,nations______difficultyinkeepingpeacewiththeirneighbours．A)havehadB)haveC)hadD)hadhad56．Iwouldverymuchliketohavegonetoseethemovie,butI______aticket．A)shallnothaveB)haven’thadC)don’thaveD)didn’thave57．WhenKatecametocallonme,Ihadjustfinishedmywashingand_______topreparemylunch．A)havestartedB)wouldhavestartedC)hadbeenstartingD)wasstarting58．I______worklastweek,butIchangedmymind．A)weretostartB)wastostartC)wastohavestartedD)hadstarted59．Bythemiddleofthe21stcentury,thevastmajorityoftheworld’spopulation________incitiesratherthaninthecountry．A)arelivingB)willbelivingC)havelivedD)willhavelived60．I’llcometoyourofficeassoonasI______thepaper．A)obtainB)willobtainC)amtoobtainD)haveobtained 第六讲被动语态I.学习重点被动语态的时态形式各种句型的主动语态转换为被动语态的方法短语动词的被动语态get型被动语态Ⅱ．重点讲解语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明主语和谓语动词之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者。被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的ed形式”构成。助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化。Ⅲ．自测题1．Thegoods______whenwearrivedattheairport．A)werejustunloadingB)werejustbeingunloadedC)hadjustunloadedD)werejustbeenunloaded2．Theproblem______fortwohoursatthemeeting．A)wasdiscussedB)hasdiscussedC)hasbeenbeingdiscussedD)hasbeendiscussed3．Greatereffortstoincreasegrainproduction______iffoodshortagesaretobeavoided．A)isbeingmadeB)mustbemadeC)havetomakeD)ismaking4．Theinstrumentswillhavetobecarefullytestedbeforethey______．A)arebeingusedB)willbeusedC)canbeusedD)use5．Eachpupil______anorangeattheendofyesterdaysparty．A)hasbeenofferedB)wereofferedC)wasofferedD)hasoffered6．Peoplewholivealongthisroadreceivetheirmailintheseboxes．Butwhyareallofthe______?A)greypaintedmailboxesB)mailboxesgreypaintedC)mailboxespaintedgreyD)paintedgreymailboxes7．Itwasnotuntilmanhadlearnedhowtomakeironandsteelthattheconstructionofvariousmachines______possible．A)weremadeB)hadmadeC)madeD)wasmade8．Themanwhodoesn’twork______work．A)madeB)shouldbemadetoC)shouldbemadeD)hastobemade9．Hewas______tobecleverbutdishonest．A)thoughtasB)thinkingC)tothinkD)thought10．John______thebestsingerinhisclass．A)regardstobeB)regardsasC)hasregardedasD)isregardedas11．Mr．Smith______byalargemajorityvoteattheboardmeeting．A)hasturneddownB)wasturneddownC)wasturnedD)hadturneddown 12．Thesportsmeet______becauseoftheweather．A)putsoffB)wasputtedoffC)wasputoffD)hasputoff13．Suchsuccess______whenwefirststarted．A)wasneverthoughtB)hasneverbeenthoughtC)wasneverthoughtofD)didnotthinkof14．Moreandmoreattention______adulteducationbothathomeandabroad．A)ispayingtoB)arepaidtoC)hasbeingpaidtoD)hasbeenpaidto15．Marygotangrywhensherealizedshe______．A)wasbeingmadefunofB)hasbeenmakingfunofC)ismadefunofD)madefunof16．—Theceremonyhasalreadystarted．—Look!Theflagis______now．A)beingraisedB)beingroseC)risenD)raising17．Bill______ajobinafactory,butherefusedtotakeit．A)wasofferedB)offeredC)wasofferingD)hadoffered18．In1950,shewasthelargestshipthat______．A)waseverbuiltB)haseverbuiltC)haseverbeenbuiltD)hadeverbeenbuilt19．Ishouldverymuchliketogototheparty,but______．A)IamnotinvitedB)IhavenotbeeninvitedC)IwasnotinvitedD)Iwillnotbeinvited20．Thework______bythetimeyougethere．A)willhavebeendoneB)isdoneC)hadbeendoneD)wouldhavedone21．Theconstructionofthelaboratory______bytheendofnextmonth．A)musthavecompletedB)musthavebeencompletedC)mustbecompletedD)mustcomplete22．TheAnti-JapaneseWar______in1937．A)brokeoutB)wasbrokenoutC)hadbrokenoutD)washappened23．Shewastoldtheexamination______onFriday．A)willbegivenB)wouldbegivenC)tobegivenD)isgiven24．I’llhavetopushthecartothesideoftheroadbecausewe______ifweleaveithere．A)wouldbefinedB)willbefinedC)willbeingfinedD)willhavebeenfined25．Theybelievedthatbyusingcomputerstheproductionoftheirfactory______．A)willgreatlyincreaseB)wouldgreatlyincreaseC)wouldbeincreasedgreatlyD)willbeengreatincreased26．Leninoftenspoketohiscomradesand______withenthusiasm．A)wasalwayslistenedtoB)wasalwayslistenedC)alwayslistenedtoD)alwayswaslistened27．Thisfilm______thisSaturday．A)showsB)willshowC)istobeshownD)istoshow 28．Thechildren______manytimesnottogoneartheriver．A)havetoldB)toldC)havebeentoldD)werebeingtold29．Ithinkmuchattention______yourpronunciation．A)mustbepaidtoB)oughtbepaidtoC)mustpaytoD)shouldbepaidby30．Johnwillhavetogotoworkbybusashiscar______．A)isrepairedB)isbeingrepairedC)isneededrepairingD)isneededrepairs31．Mostenvironmentalproblemsexistbecauseadequatemeasuresforpreventingthem______takeninthepast．A)wasnotB)werenotC)werenotbeingD)beingnot32．Mypictures_______untilnextweek．A)won’tdevelopB)aren’tdevelopingC)don’tdevelopD)won’tbedeveloped33.Alltheapparatus_____beforetheexperimentbegan．A)havebeenpreparedB)werepreparedC)hadbeenpreparedD)hadprepared34．It’supsettingwhenaperson______foracrimethathedidn’tcommit．A)ispunishingB)willpunishC)havepunishedD)getspunished35．Enough_______onhowtotakeusefulthingsoutofrubbish．A)hassaidB)wassaidC)hasbeensaidD)willbesaid36．TheSmiths______roomsinthehotel,fortheirhouses______intheexplosion．A)weregiven;hadbeendestroyedB)gave;destroyedC)wasgiven;wasdestroyedD)gave;hadbeendestroyed37．Iwasn’tsurprisedshe______electedafteralltheeffortsshemade．A)gotB)tookC)grewD)turned38．_______thousandsofdifferentspeciesofbeetles．A)ThereisknowntobeB)ThereareknowntobeC)ThereistobeknownD)Knowntherearetobe39.Itisreportedthatanewrailwaystation______therebytheendofnextmonth．A)willbebuiltB)hasbuiltC)wasbuiltD)willhavebeenbuilt40．Yourhairwants______．You’dbetterhaveitdonetomorrow．A)cutB)tocutC)cuttingD)beingcut 第七讲虚拟语气I.学习重点虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的用法虚拟语气在定语从句中的用法虚拟语气在ifonly〖WT〗引导的感叹句中的用法虚拟语气在其它状语从句中的用法〖HT〗〖BG)〗Ⅱ．重点讲解虚拟语气是历年考试中结构选择部分的最常见的也是必不可少的一个语法项目。虚拟语气是谓语动词的一种特殊形式，用来表示假设、主观愿望、猜测、建议、可能或空想等非真实情况.Ⅲ．自测题1．Hiscarmusthavebrokendown,orhe______then．A)wouldhavebeenhereB)hadtobehereC)shouldbehereD)wouldbehere2．Weconsideritnecessarythatacarefulplan______beforedoingwork．A)shouldmakeB)bemadeC)tobemadeD)willbemade3．Thepictureexhibitionboredmetodeath．IwishI______toit．A)havenotgoneB)didnotgoC)couldnothavegoneD)hadnotgone4．Yoursuggestionthathe______tillnextweekisreasonable．A)waitB)willwaitC)shallwaitD)waits5．Sincethemeetingisveryimportant,I’drather______． A)youyourselfwouldattenditB)youyourselfattendeditC)youyourselfattenditD)youyourselfwillattendit6．Hadshecomeyesterday,I______herthetruth．A)didtellB)toldC)wouldhavetoldD)wouldtell7．Idon’tknowwhatI’dhavedoneifI______tomakethatdecision.A)havehadB)wouldhaveC)hadhadD)had8．It’shightimethatyou______tocorrectthatmistake．A)havelearntB)learnC)willlearnD)learnt9．Becausehehadabadcold,hismotherinsistedthathe______toschool．A)mustn’tgoB)notgoC)donotgoD)wouldnotgo10．Theheadmastergaveordersthatthetest______before12:30．A)willbefinishedB)befinishedC)shallfinishD)willfinish11．Itisimportantthatthecustomsofallnations______respected．A)beB)areC)mustbeD)willbe12．Itisnecessarythathe______intimetoattendthemeeting．A)willcomeB)comesC)comeD)came13．He’sworkinghardforfearthathe______．A)wouldfallbehindB)fellbehindC)mayfallbehindD)shouldfallbehind14．Heorderedthatthework______startedatonce．A)beB)isC)wasD)being15．Ifyouhadfollowedthedoctorsadvice,you______allrightnowA)willbecomeB)couldhavebecomeC)wouldbecomeD)became16．Iwouldhavesaid“Hello”tohimifI______yourbrother．A)couldseeB)hadseenC)willseeD)willhaveseen17．IfIhadabike,I______ittoyouyesterday．A)wouldhavelentB)wouldlendC)wouldhavelendD)couldlend18．______,Johnwouldnothavefailed．A)IfhehaslistenedtomeB)HadhelistenedtomeC)IfhelistenedtomeD)Ashelistenedtome19．Iwishedit______butitdid．A)occurrednotB)didnotoccurC)hadnotoccurredD)wouldnotoccur20．I______ProfessorJoneshadtaughtmethisquestion．A)believeB)deeplythinkC)wishD)suppose21．Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest,soitseemsasifthesun______roundtheearth．A)circlesB)iscirclingC)becirclingD)werecircling[ 22．—IthinkthattheSmithswereembarrassedbyJane’sgenerosity．—Sheinsisted______itasagift．A)nothemtoacceptB)theiracceptingC)thattheyacceptD)thattheyaccepted23．Jillwouldratherwe______now,butwemustgotowork．A)notleaveB)hadnotleftC)didn’tleaveD)nottobeleft24．I’djustassoon______thoseimportantpaperswithyou．A)thatyouwon’ttakeB)yournottakingC)pleasedon’tyoutakeD)youdidn’ttake25．Ifyouhadn’ttakensuchalongtimetogetdressed,we’d______therebynow．A)beB)getC)havegotatD)havebeen26．Peterwishesthathe______lawinsteadofliteraturewhenhewasincollege．A)hadstudiedB)studiedC)couldstudyD)wouldstudy27．______,Geraldwouldhavebeenarichman．A)WashetoenterbusinessB)WereheenteredbusinessC)HadheenteredbusinessD)Ifhewastoenterbusiness28．IfonlyI______howtooperateanelectroniccomputerasyoudo．A)hadknownB)wouldknowC)shouldknowD)knew29．—Wherehaveyoubeen?—Igotcaughtinthetraffic;______Iwouldhavebeenheresooner．A)howeverB)althoughC)anywayD)otherwise30．JohnwouldratherthatJane______tothepartyyesterdayevening．A)didnotgoB)notgoC)hadnotgoneD)wouldn’tgone31．Thechiefeditorrecommendedthateveryone______thispaper．A)mustrefertoB)referredtoC)wouldrefertoD)referto32．______noelectroniccomputer,therewouldhavebeennoartificialsatellitesorrockets．A)HadtherebeenB)IftherewereC)ShouldtherebeD)Ifthereare33．Itwasessentialthattheapplicationform______backbeforethedeadline．A)mustbesentB)besentC)wouldbesentD)weresent34．Itisurgentthatthey______fromthemountainbeforedark．A)shallberescuedB)willberescuedC)berescuedD)mustrescue35．______thefog,weshouldhavereachedourdestination．A)BecauseofB)IncaseofC)InspiteofD)Butfor36．Itisnaturalthatanemployee______hisworkontime．A)finishedB)finishesC)finishD)finishing37．Ifyou______thatmovielastnight,youwouldn’tbesleepynow．A)haven’twatchedB)didn’twatch C)hadn’twatchedD)wouldn’thavewatched38．Whatdoyouthinkofhisproposalthatimprovement______intheoldtypeofvacuumcleaner?A)bemadeB)wouldbemadeC)willbemadeD)willhavetobemade39．I’dratheryou______anythingaboutitforthetimebeing．A)doB)won’tdoC)didn’tdoD)hadn’tdo40．Itissuggestedthatallcontrols______atthefrontofthemachine.A)mountB)bemountedC)aremountedD)willbemounted41．Myideaisthatourgroup______theothergroupstoafriendlycompetition．A)challengeB)willchallengeC)wouldchallengeD)challenges42．He’sworkinghardforfearthathe______topasstheexam．A)failsB)mayfailC)shouldfailD)wouldfail43．I’dratheryou______yourmouthshut．A)keepB)keptC)willkeepD)havekept44．Haditnotbeenforthetrafficjam,I______lateforclass．A)wouldhavebeenB)won’thavebeenC)havebeenD)wouldn’thavebeen45．MothertoldmetotakeanumbrellalestI______acold．A)shouldcatchB)caughtC)catchD)willcatch46．Ifthesea______500feet,Indiawouldbecomeanisland．A)istoriseB)wererisenC)hasrisenD)weretorise47．They______sotired,iftheyhadntbeenwalkingforawholeday.A)wouldn’tbefeelingB)wouldfeelC)wouldhavefeltD)arenotfeeling48．Ifonlyhe______differently,hemightstillbethedirectorofthefaculty．A)behavedB)havebehavedC)hadbehavedD)behaves49．Hehadjustarrived,buthetalkedasifhe______aboutourplan．A)hadknownB)knewC)knowsD)hasknown50．HowIwishwe______asweweretold!Thiswouldneverhavehappened.A)haddoneB)woulddo第八讲助动词I.学习重点助动词的用法基本半助动词的用法情态助动词的一般用法“情态助动词+havedone”的用法 Ⅱ．重点讲解英语中的助动词的句法功能是协助主动词构成动词词组，它不能单独充当谓语动词。英语助动词分为三大类：①基本助动词(如be,do,have);②半助动词(如haveto,hadbetter,begoingto,beableto,beaboutto,seemto等)；③情态助动词(如must,may,should等)。英语四级考试对助动词的考查主要是情态助动词。所以本章我们主要论述情态助动词的用法。情态助动词不同于一般助动词，它本身有词义，表示说话人的语气或情态。但情态助动词的词义又不像实义动词那样完全，它不能单独作谓语，只能和不带to的动词不定式(ought等除外.Ⅲ．自测题1．Sincetheditchisfullofwater,______lastnight．A)theremighthavebeenrainB)itmustberainingC)itmusthaverainedD)theremusthaverain2．Lookwhatyouhavedone!You______morecareful．A)mustbeB)maybeC)wouldhavebeenD)shouldhavebeen3．Mary_______yesterdayifshewasreallyseriousaboutherwork．A)oughthavecomeB)oughttohavecomeC)oughttocomeD)oughttobecoming4．Herperformanceintheexamsisexcellent．She______alotoftimestudyingA)mayspendB)mustspendC)musthavespentD)hadspent5．You______paythemoney,butyou_______dosoatonce．A)needn’t;mustB)need;needC)must;mustD)must;needn’t6．ComradeWang_______beinBeijingbecauseIsawhimintownonlyafewminutesago．A)mustn’tB)can’tC)maynotD)isn’tableto7．Thecarplungedintotheriver．Thedrive________getoutbutthepassengersweredrowned．A)wasabletoB)succeededtoD)might8.You_________themeetingthisafternoonifyouhavesomethingimportanttotodo.A)needn’ttocomeB)don’tneedcomeC)don’tneedcomingD)needn’tcom9．—Didtheyblamehimforhismistakes?—Yes,butthey_________so．A)wouldrathernotdoB)shouldn’tdoC)shouldn’thavedoneD)hadbetternotdo10．—Didyourbrotherbreakthewindow?—He_______havedoneit．Iamnotsure．A)willnotB)mightC)canD)must11．Sinceitisalreadymidnight,we______．A)hadbetterleftB)oughttohaveleftC)shouldtakeleaveD)mightaswellleave12．Thehouseisdark;theTurners______tobed． A)shouldgoB)shouldhavegoneC)musthavegoneD)mustgo13．Myfather______suchathing．A)can’thavesaidB)mightnothavesaidC)couldn’tsayD)mustnothavesaid14．Hewentonfoot,buthe______bybus．A)mightaswellgoB)shouldgoC)couldhavegoneD)musthavegone15．“Wherearemykeys?I______them．”A)mustloseB)shouldhavelostC)canhavelostD)mighthavelost16．Where______waitforyou?A)doyouwantmeB)willIC)shallID)wouldyouhopemeto17．Theswimmerwasverytiredbuthe______reachtheshorebeforehecollapsed．A)mightB)canC)succeededtoD)wasableto18．______toyoulikethat?A)HowdaredhespokeB)HowdareshespeakC)HowdarehespeakD)Howdareshetospeak19．Anndoesn’tlikemilk．Shesaysthatshe______itathome．A)wasneverusedtodrinkB)wasneverusedtodrinkingC)neverusedtodrinkD)neverusedtodrinking20．Somepeoplefeelthatfirearms______．A)needbecontrolledB)musthavebeencontrolledC)canbecontrolledD)shouldbecontrolled21．______tohavelunchwithustoday?A)DoyoulikeB)WouldyoulikeC)WillyoulikeD)Shallyoulike22．You______himthatthedaybefore．A)oughtnottohavetoldB)mustnothavetoldC)shouldnottellD)oughtnottotell23．WhenIwasaboy,I______chocolate．A)wouldlikeB)usedtolikeC)wasusedtolikeD)shouldlike24．—Youmissedagoldenopportunity．—Yes,I______thatjobwhenitwasoffered．A)musttakeB)shouldhavetakenC)mighthavetakenD)oughttotake25．Whenwereachedthestation,thetrainhadnotarrived;sowe______．A)needednottohurryB)needn’thavehurriedC)neednottohavehurriedD)didn’tneedtohurry26．Mostofthepeopleinthegroupfeltratherdisappointedattheirtravellingabroad．Theysaythatit______betterorganized．A)mighthavebeenB)hadbeenC)hadtobeD)musthavebeen27．Mysisterwasn’tinParislastmonth,soyou______herthere．A)mightnothaveseenB)can’thaveseenC)mustnothaveseenD)shouldn’thaveseen28．Iwanttogotothegrocery,butyou______withme．A)neednottogoB)don’tneedgo C)notneedtogoD)neednotgo29．—Thelecturerwasatall,thinmanwithwhitehair．—Thenit______Dr．Fellbecauseheisshortandfat．It______Dr．Jones;heisthin．A)can’tbe;mustbeB)couldn’thavebe;mighthavebeenC)mustbe;can’tbeD)can’thavebeen;musthavebeen30．Iwonderwhytheyhaven’tarrivedyet．ItoldthemhowtogetherebutperhapsI______themamap．A)shouldgiveB)hadtogiveC)oughttohavegivenD)musthavegiven31．—Martinistakingpicturesofwildanimals．—Oh,no．He______killed．A)mightbeB)mighthavebeenC)mustbeD)wouldprobablyhavebeen32．You______mebecauseIdidn’tsayanythinglikethat．A)mustmisunderstandB)maymisunderstandC)couldhavemisunderstandD)musthavemisunderstood33．Noone______thattohisface．A)daressayB)daressayingC)daresayD)daretosay34．Somepeoplethinkthatifyoucan’tsaysomethingniceaboutaperson,thenyou______anythingatall．A)mustn’thavesaidB)shouldn’tsayC)needn’thavesaidD)wouldn’tsay35．—DoyoubelievethatJameswillapologizetoMary?—Idon’tknow．He______．A)shouldB)wouldC)oughtD)will36．MrJones,_______youtellmewhathashappened?A)mayB)mustC)mightD)could37．Asitturnedouttobeasmallparty,we________upsoformally．A)needn’tdressB)didn’tneedhavedressedC)didnotneeddressD)needn’thavedressed38．I’msorryIcouldn’tgetintouchwithhimbeforeheleft．I______himearlier．A)hadatelephoneB)havephonedC)shouldhavephonedD)shouldbephoned39．Hewasagoodswimmersohe_______swimtotheriverbankwhentheboatsank．A)couldB)mightC)succeededtoD)wasableto40．You_______readthatarticleifyoudon’twantto．A)haven’tB)can’tC)mustn’tD)needn’t 第九讲不定式I.学习重点不定式(短语)的句法功能不定式的时态不定式的语态不定式和疑问词连用不定式的复合结构省略[WTHZ]to[WT]的不定式Ⅱ．重点讲解不定式是非限定动词的一种形式，它是由“to+动词原形”构成的。to是不定式的符号，本身没有意义。不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能单独作谓语。不定式具有名词、形容词、副词的特征，同时也保留动词的某些特征。不定式和自己的宾语、状语构成不定式短语，如：tolearnEnglish,tospeakatthemeeting。不定式的否定形式是在其前直接加not或never，如：nottobelate,nevertomakesuchmistakes。不定式既然有动词的特征，当然也就有时态之分，有语态之别。Ⅲ．自测题1．Theywouldrather______onwiththehousebuildingthan______itup．A)togo;togiveB)go;giveC)togo;giveD)go;giving2．Ifthework______bytheendofthemonthisdelayed,theconstructioncompanywillbefined．A)willbecompletedB)willhavebeencompletedC)tobecompletedD)beingcompleted3．Anothermanmadeearthsatelliteisreported______orbityesterday．A)tohavebeenputintoB)tohavebeenputC)tobeputintoD)toputinto4．NomatterhowhardIsearched,thereceiptwasnowhere______．A)tohavefoundB)tobefoundedC)beingfoundD)tobefound5．Itishard______theproblemwithoutothershelp．A)forhimtosolveB)thathemightsolveC)forhimsolvingD)hissolving6．______suchanattitudeistoseektruthfromfacts．A)PeopleadoptB)Whileadopting C)BeingadoptedD)Toadopt7．Althoughhetrieshisbest,muchwork______．A)remainsnotdoneB)remainnottodoC)doesnotremaintobedoneD)remainsstilltobedone8．Somestudentsfind______．A)boringtorememberEnglishwordsB)ittorememberEnglishwordsboringC)itboringtorememberEnglishwordsD)rememberEnglishwordsboringit9．Asamatteroffact,Ithought______．A)itnottocriticizehimbestB)bestnottocriticizehimC)itbesttonotcriticizehimD)itbestnottocriticizehim10．Joneswants______acompanybyhimselfinsteadof______hisfather’s．A)toopen;takingoverB)toopen;takeoverC)opening;takeoverD)opening;takingover11．Onhearingthebadnews,shecoulddonothing______．A)butcryingB)whilecryingC)exceptcryD)onlytocry12．Ratherthan______anymore,Idecidedtogohomebytaxi．A)mywaitingB)tohavewaitedC)waitingforD)wait13．Theydon’tallow______intheroom．A)tosmokeB)ussmokeC)ustosmokeD)tobesmoked14．Themanagercoulddonothing______thesecretary’ssuggestion．A)onlytoagreetoB)untilagreetoC)butagreetoD)exceptagreeingto15．Underthepressureofpolicemen,thecriminal______confesshisguilt．A)couldnotonlyB)onlytoC)couldnotbutD)couldnotunless16．Thebraveyoungmanwouldratherdie______．A)neversurrenderB)thansurrenderC)withoutsurrenderingD)nottosurrender17．Thecompaniescannotchoose______witheachother．A)unlesscooperateB)onlycooperateC)butcooperateD)apartfromcooperate18．Ihavespentmuchtimeencouraging______．A)themreadingB)thattheyreadC)themtoreadD)theirreading19．Let’shurry______belatefortheparty．A)inordertonotB)tonotC)nottoD)soasnotto20．Ihaveenjoyedmyvisithere．Iamverysorry______．A)toleaveB)forleavingC)ofleavingD)withleaving21．Haveyouever______alie?A)knowmetotellB)knewmetotellC)knowmetellD)knownmetell22．Didyounoticethelittleboy______?A)tookthecandyandrunawayB)takingthecandyandrunaway C)whotakethecandyandrunawayD)takethecandyandrunaway23．John______thereportforhim．A)gothissisterwriteB)hadhissisterwriteC)madehissisterinwritingD)lethissistertowrite24．Thefarmhandsweremade______theirwork．A)doneB)tobedoneC)todoD)do25．Hewill______exceptlendyoumoney．A)doanythingforyouB)giveyouanythingC)makeeverythingforyouD)lendyoueverything26．Hehadnothingto______thepostersoutsidethehouse．A)seeexceptlookatB)doexcepttolookatC)doexceptlookatD)watchexcepttolookingat27．Shewouldsooner______．A)starvedthansurrenderedB)starvethansurrenderC)starvedthantosurrenderD)tostarvethantosurrender28．Whenthetypistsawhisfunnylook,she______．A)couldnothelptolaughB)wasnotabletohelplaughterC)couldnothelpbutlaughD)couldnothelpbutlaughing29．—Wouldyouhelpmewithmylessons?—Ofcourse,butIcando______giveyousomeadvice．A)nomorebuttoB)notmorethanC)nomoreexcepttoD)nomorethan30．Hewassaid______agiftfromher,knowingthatitmeantabribe．A)torefuseB)toberefusedC)tohavebeenrefusedD)tohaverefused31．Themanuscriptwasthought______byShakespeare．A)towriteB)tobewrittenC)tohavewrittenD)tohavebeenwritten32．Iwaspleased______youlastmonth．A)tomeetB)havetomeetC)tohavemetD)meeting33．Itisimportantfortheplan______．A)toputintopracticeB)nottoputintopracticeC)tobeputintopracticeD)tobenotputintopractice34．Thelectureishard______．A)tounderstandB)forunderstandingC)tobeunderstoodD)understand35．Heissaidto______theoldcoupleformorethantenyears．A)havelookingafterB)havebeenlookingafterC)lookforD)belookingfor36．Therewerenotmuch______him．A)tobeinterestedandamusedB)interestingandamusingC)tointerestandamuseD)interestedandamused37．Iwantabook______onthejourney．A)toreadB)toberead C)forreadingD)havingbeenread38．Theseapplesarestilltoogreenandsour______．A)thattheycanbeeatenB)thattheycan’thavebeeneatenC)tobeeatenD)foreating39．Itisverykind______so．A)foryoutosayB)foryoutohavesaidC)ofyoutosayD)ofthatyousay40．IhaveconsideredseeingJanetomorrow,butIhaven’tconsidered______myhand．A)havingofferedB)toofferC)howtoofferD)offered41．Johnadmittedthatit’salwaysdifficult_______．A)forhimbeingontimeB)beingontimeforhimC)forhimtobeontimeD)ontimeforhim42．Agoodadministratormustknow_______．A)tobefirmB)tohavefirmnessC)thewayoffirmnessD)howtobefir43．Theywouldrather_______forawalk．A)goingB)begoC)togoD)go44．Severalofthesewashersanddryersareoutoforderand_______．A)needtoberepairingB)repairingisrequiredofthemC)requirethattheyberepairedD)needtoberepaired45．Therewasnothingtheycoulddo______．A)butwaitB)exceptwaitingC)onlytowaitD)unlesstheywaited46．Lastnight,inaradioaddress,thepresidenturgedus______totheRedCross．A)thatwesubscribeB)subscribeC)subscribingD)tosubscribe47．—Whereareyougoing?—Tohelptheneighbors_______thedinnerparty．A)getreadyB)gettingreadyC)getreadyforD)bygettingready48．Nowtheneed________otherpeoples’languageisbecominggreaterandgreater．A)tolearnB)learningC)tobelearnedD)beinglearned49．Itisnecessary_________thebookimmediately．A)forhimtoreturnB)thathereturnsC)hisreturningD)tohimreturn50．Somewhowerefamousintheirowntimeswouldfinditdifficult______.A)toachievesuccesstodayB)tosucceedsuccessfullytodayC)tocomeoffwelltodayD)atbeingsuccessfultoday 第十讲V-ing形式I.学习重点V-ing形式的句法功能V-ing形式的复合结构／独立主格结构V-ing形式的时态形式V-ing形式的被动语态固定搭配中的V-ing形式Ⅱ．重点讲解这里所说的V-ing形式包括了传统语法书中所讲的“现在分词”和“动名词”。V-ing形式也是一种非限定动词。它有一般形式和完成形式，以及主动语态和被动语态的区别。Ⅲ．自测题1．Badweatherpreventedtheconstructionfrom______intime．A)havingcompletedB)completedC)completingD)beingcompleted2．______,Maryranoutoftheclassroom．A)WithtearinhereyesandasuddenturnB)Turningsuddenly,withtearsinhereyesC)WithasuddenturntearfuleyesD)Havingtearsinhereyesandturnedsuddenly3．______thattheteacherwasnotin,shewentback． A)FindB)TofindC)TohavefoundD)Finding4．It’snogood______alotbutdoingnothing．A)talkB)talkingC)talkedD)totalk5．Itisnouse______himatthishour．A)tocallB)calledC)callD)calling6．Isthereanythinghere______?A)worthtobuyB)worthofbeingboughtC)worthybuyingD)worthyofbeingbought7．Idon’tregret______evenifitmighthaveupsether．A)totellherwhatIthoughtB)tohavetoldherthatIthoughtC)tellingwhatIthoughtD)tellingherwhatIthought8．Theteachersaid,“Stop______．”Sowestopped______．A)totalk;toworkB)talk;workingC)talking;toworkD)talking;work9．Myyoungersistercouldn’thelp______whenhertoyfellintotheriver．A)buttocryB)butcryingC)tocryD)crying10．Thatbadeggworedarkglassestoavoid______．A)beingrecognizedB)toberecognizedC)recognizingD)torecognized11．Ilove______,butI’dhate______inacrowdedswimmingpool．A)toswim;swimmingB)swimming;swimmingC)toswim;toswimD)swimming;toswim12．Thesesecondaryroutesmaygoupsteepslopes,alonghighcliffsordownfrighteninghillsidestotowns______indeepvalleys．A)lyingB)layingC)laidD)lied13．______afteralongwalk,Johncalledandsaidhecouldn’tcome．A)HavingwornoutB)BeingwornoutC)TowearoutD)Wornout14．Iwastedalltheafternoon______throughpilesofoldletters．A)goB)togoC)goesD)going15．Hesawinthedrivingmirrorandsawthelorry______overhiscar．A)comeB)comingC)havingcomeD)tocome16．______theoperationsuccessfullymadehimfeelrelaxed．A)HadperformedB)HavingperformedC)HaveperformedD)Toperform17．______thebookhastakenupmuchofhissparetime．A)WhilehewritesB)ThatIwroteC)WritingD)Towrite18．Itis______pretendingtoknowwhatyoudon’tknow．A)nogoodB)nothelpfulC)notgoodD)allright19．Doyouthinkit’sworthwhile______anewlanguage?A)toteachhimlearnB)teachinghimtolearnC)forteachinghimlearningD)teachinghimtobelearned 20．It’sawasteoftime______himtoourwayofthinking．A)ofyoutotrypersuadeB)tryingtopersuadeC)thatyoutrypersuadeD)totrypersuade21．______,theywentawaydisappointedly．A)AlltheticketshavesoldoutB)AlltheticketshavingbeensoldoutC)WhilehavingbeensoldoutD)Havingsoldoutallthetickets22．______somuchinthewarhasmadeJoemorethoughtful．A)SeeingB)ToseeC)HadseenD)Haveseen23．Itisnouse______now．Heisverybusy．A)askinghimtocomeB)toaskhimtocomeC)askinghimcomingD)toaskhimcome24．______afineday,wedecidedtogooutonapicnic．A)WhatB)HavingbeenC)BeingD)Itbeing25．______togetthereatdawnmeanswemaylosethebattle．A)OurfailingB)WetofailC)UsfailingD)Wefail26．Doyouremember______comingtoseeuslastSunday?A)MaryandhermotherB)Maryandhermother’sC)MaryandMary’smother’sD)Mary’sandmother’s27．Thehumanbodyiscomposedoforgans,______adefinitejobtodo．A)eachone’shasB)eachhasC)eachhavingD)foreachtohave28．______,shewentbacktoherroom．A)ThereisnocauseforalarmB)BeingnocauseforalarmC)TherebeingnocauseforalarmD)Withouthavingcauseforalarm29．Idon’tunderstand______atthepoorchild．A)youtolaughB)youlaughC)whydoyoulaughD)yourlaughing30．Heagreedthattheproblemrequired______．A)tolookintoB)tobelookedintoitC)lookingintoD)beinglookedinto31．______Londonnumbersfromabroad,dial1,not01．A)WhentelephoningB)WhenbeingtelephonedC)WhiletelephonedD)Whenhavingtelephone32．Mywifesuggested______toScotlandforaholiday,butIfavor______Walesinstead．A)togo;tovisitB)going;visitingC)togo;visitingD)going;tovisit33．Iwroteupinthenightandfoundwehadwater______throughtheceiling．A)dodripdownB)beingdrippedC)dripfromD)dripping34．Chinastretchesacrossavastarea______thecold,temperateandtropialzones．A)coversB)coverC)coveringD)covered 35．Afteralongwalkonahotday,oneoftenfeels______．A)exhaustingB)exhausiveC)exhaustedD)exhaust36．Hewon’tlikesuchquestions______themeeting．A)todiscussatB)discussedatC)discussinginD)tohavediscussedin37．When______theEnglishstandardsofJapaneseandChinesesecondarypupils,theprofessorgavenocomment．A)askingtocomparewithB)askedtocompareC)askingtobecomparedD)askedhimtocompare38．______againstcorruptionandwastehasbroughtusabrightfuture．A)WefightB)OurfightingC)WetofightD)Usfighting39．—Didyoumissyourstop?—ThebuswassocrowdedthatIhadahardtime______．A)gotoffB)gettingoffC)togetoffD)getoff40．Weather______,thesportsmeetingwillbeheldasscheduled．A)shouldpermitB)permitsC)ispermittedD)permitting41．Don’tyoumind______thewindow?A)metoopenB)IopenC)myopeningD)toopen42．I’mnotsatisfiedwith______sohastily．A)thatbeingdoneB)thatisdoneC)that’sbeingdoneD)that’sdone43．Heisverybusy______hispapers．Heisfartoobusy______callers．A)towrite;toreceiveB)writing;toreceiveC)writing;receivingD)towrite;forreceiving44．Myyoungerbrothercouldn’thelp______whenhistoyplanefellintotheriver．A)buttocryB)butcryingC)tocryD)crying45．Ivaguelyremember______somethinglikethat．A)hissayingB)himhavingsaidC)forhimtosayD)thathesay46．NoonethoughtthatJohn’ssuggestionwasworth______．A)toconsiderB)consideringC)tobeconsideredD)ofconsideration47．Johnwascaught______hisneighbour’sapplestheotherday．A)tohavestolenB)stealingC)tostealD)havingstolen48．Therewassomuchnoiseoutsidethatthespeakercouldhardly______．A)maketheaudiencehearB)maketheaudiencehearinghimC)makehimselfhearD)makehimselfheard49．Someoftheexperiments______inthebookareeasytoperform．A)beingdescribedB)describedC)tobedescribedD)havingbeendescribed50．______tocontinuehisstudies,Jamesquittedschool． A)NotwishingB)NottowishC)HavingnotwishedD)Wishingnot第十一讲V-ed形式I.学习重点V-ed形式的句法功能V-ed形式用于独立主格结构Ⅱ．重点讲解 V-ed形式即传统语法中所说的过去分词，又有人称之为-ed分词，它也是一种非限定动词。规则动词的V-ed形式由动词原形加词尾-ed构成，不规则的V-ed形式情况各异。V-ed形式一般表示完成和被动，只有一种形式，没有时态和语态的形式变化。Ⅲ．自测题1．______aboutthestorm,thesailorchangedhiscourse．A)WarnB)WarnedC)BeingwarningD)Tobewarned2．______,wecan’tlookforwardtoseeingthesportscenterrebuilt．A)Thisyear’sbudgetseverelycutB)Thisyear’sbudgethasseverelycutC)Thisyear’sbudgetbeingseverelycuttingD)Thisyearbudgetcut3．Thematerials______inthepaperareallup-to-date．A)quotingB)quotedC)beingquotingD)tobequoting4．Alargefishwasslowlyswimmingthroughthewater,itstail______backandforthlikethependulumofaclock．A)swungB)swingingC)wasswungD)wasswinging5．Thenewwatermachine______herefromthefactorylookedabitlargerthanthatIhadordered．A)deliveredB)deliveringC)tobedeliveredD)havingdelivered6．Wehaveneverheardtheword______thatwaybefore．A)pronounceB)bepronouncedC)pronouncedD)pronouncing7．NewZealandisa(an)______country．A)EnglishspeakingB)speakingEnglishC)EnglishspokenD)Englishbeingspoken8．The______necklacewasreturnedbythepolice．A)stealingB)stolenC)havingstolenD)beingstolen9．Theengine______atmaximumspeedforalongtimemaystarttooverheat．A)runningB)runC)ranD)toberun10．Thecustomer______byonepennygotthemoneybackassoonashereturnedtothesupermarket．A)overchargingB)beingoverchargedC)overchargedD)toovercharge11．______,thesuncouldbeseenclimbingupoverthehillstooureast．A)ThemorningfogistobeblownawayB)ThemorningfogblowawayC)ThemorningfogblownawayD)Itisblownawaythemorningfog12．Thefailureonthefinalexamsalwaysmakestudents______theirperformance．A)ashamedofB)beingashamedofC)ashamedD)shamed13．Mysister’sprofessorhadher________herpapermanytimesbeforeallowinghertopresentittothecommittee.A)rewrittenB)torewrite C)rewriteD)rewriting14．Forthisimportantevent,thepresssecretaryisthespokesperson______bythepresidenttogivethenewstotheeagertelevisionreporters______intheconferenceroomoftheWhiteHouse．A)chosen;waitingB)chosen;waitedC)chose;waitingD)chosen;towait15．Manythings______impossibleandincredibleinthepastarecommontoday．A)considerB)consideredC)consideringD)toconsider16．When______totellthedifferencebetweenBritishandAmericanEnglish,theprofessormadealongand______speech．A)asked;tiredB)asked;tiringC)asking;tiringD)beasked;tired17．______thetopofthemountain,wehadhardlyanyenergy______forthedescent(下山)．A)Reached;leavingB)Reached;leftC)Reaching;tobeleftD)Reaching;left18．Wevisitedthesmallvillage______southofthereservoir．A)layingB)lyingC)tolieD)laid19．Alltheseproductswillsurpassthelevel______in1976．A)attainedB)attainingC)tobeattainedD)havingbeenattained20．______oftheburdenoftheice,theballoonclimbedupanddriftedtothesouth．A)FreeingB)FreedC)TobefreeD)Havingfreeing21．Jane’sbrotherborrowedmyFrenchdictionaryyesterday,______thathewouldreturnitsoon．A)saidB)sayingC)tosayD)havingsaid22．Onlybypracticewillyoubeabletoimproveyour______andgraduallyspeakfluently．A)speakingEnglishB)spokenEnglishC)spokeEnglishD)speakEnglish23．______populationinthecentersofAmericancitieshaveresultedinalargenumberof______buildings．A)Declined;abandonedB)Declining;abandonedC)Declined;abandoningD)Declining;abandoning24．Shehadavery______whensheheardthenews．A)disappointedlookB)disappointinglookC)disappointedappearanceD)disappointmentlook25．Hishealth______,HenryLeewentonleave(告假)fromthearmy．A)failedB)failingC)beingfailedD)beinginfailure26．______leftbeforethedeadline,itdoesn’tseemlikelythatJohnwillaccomplishthejob．A)WithsoshorttimeB)SincesuchashorttimeC)AlthoughsuchashorttimeD)Withsuchashorttime27．Evenif______,Iwon’tgo．A)invitedB)beinginvited C)havingbeeninvitedD)tobeinvited28．Areyougoingtothedinner______byProfessorWang?A)givenB)togiveC)tobegivenD)beinggiven29．Suddenlythereappearedayoungwoman______ingreen．A)wornB)dressingC)todressD)dressed30．—Istheradiobotheringyou?—Itcertainlyis．I’dlikeit______off．A)turningB)toturnC)turnedD)turns31．_______fromspace,ourearth,withwatercovering70%ofitssurface,appearsasa“blueplanet”．A)SeenB)SeeingC)HavingseenD)Tosee32．A________achievementofelectronicsiselectroniccomputers．A)widelyknowingB)beingwidelyknownC)widelyknownD)havingwidelyknown33．Someoftheexperiments_______inthebookareeasytoperform．A)describingB)tobedescribedC)describedD)todescribe34．Theytriedtosilencethe_______audiencebutinvain．A)excitingB)excitedC)toexciteD)excite35．ThelecturewasthreehourslongandFransfeltvery______．A)boringB)boredC)boredomD)bore36．Excuseme,butitistimetohaveyourtemperature_______．A)takingB)totakeC)takeD)taken37．Therewassomuchnoisethatthespeakercouldn’tmakehimself_______．A)hearingB)tohearC)heardD)beingheard38．Theyfoundouta_______soldieronthebattlefield．A)woundB)woundedC)woundingD)beingwounding39．Janewasscoldedbythedirectorbecauseshelefttheofficewiththedoor______．A)unlockingB)notbeinglockedC)unlockedD)notlocking40．Theyare_______withtheirpresentjob．A)satisfiedB)satisfyC)satisfyingD)tosatisfy41．Shewantsthework_______beforetomorrow．A)bedoneB)doC)doneD)bedoing42．Withthefirstpoint_________,theyturnedtheirnegotiationtoanother．A)agreedonB)agreeonC)toagreeonD)toagree43．Isthereanythingyouwantfromthetown?Iamgoingtoget______．A)theselettersmailedB)mailedlettersC)tomailtheselettersD)theselettersmail 44．Alltheinsulatingsubstances________uptothencouldbedamagedbyseawater．A)knowingB)knownC)toknowD)know45．I’mgoingtothehairdresser’sto_______．A)cutmyhairB)havemyhaircutC)havecutmyhairD)cutmemyhair46．Abeamoflightwillnotbendroundcornersunless______todosowiththehelpofareflectingdevice．A)madeB)beingmadeC)havingmadeD)tobemade47．Heheardhisname_______．A)callB)becalledC)calledD)tocall48．Anybody,when______toahightemperature,becomesasourceoflight．A)tobeheatedB)heatedC)beingheatedD)havingheated49．Anautomaticallycontrolledelectricovennevergets_______．A)overheatingB)tooverheatC)tobeoverheatedD)overheated50．_______waitingforJane,heheadedhome．A)TofeedupwithB)FedupwithC)FeedingupwithD)Tobefedupwith 第十二讲形容词／副词I.学习重点as…as结构more…than结构“the+形容词／副词最高级+比较范围”结构比较级的修饰语比较的逻辑一致性拉丁比较结构Ⅱ．重点讲解形容词／副词的比较结构是英语考试的考查要点。比较结构除了其基本形式之外，还有其变体形式，因而呈现出较为复杂的情况。形容词／副词的比较结构最主要的有三种：as…as结构，more…than结构和themost…结构。more…than结构和themost…结构又有综合式和分析式之分。综合式即在原级后加-er,-est构成比较级和最高级；分析式即在原级前加more,most构成比较级和最高级。Ⅲ．自测题1．Thislessonis______thanthelastone．A)moreeasierB)moreeasyC)veryeasierD)mucheasier2．Helooks______thanheis．A)moreyoungB)moreyoungerC)muchyoungerD)veryyounger3．Thecostofonedayinthishospitalcanrun______300．A)sohightoB)ashightoC)ashighasD)sohighas4．______,theworseIseemtofeel．A)WhenItakemoremedicineB)ThemoremedicineItakeC)TakingmoreofthemedicineD)Moremedicinetaken5．Mynewglassescostme______thelastpairthatIbought．A)timesthreeB)threetimesmorethanC)threetimesasmuchasD)asmuchthreetimesas6．Youmustwriteas______asyoucan．A)carefulB)carefullyC)morecarefullyD)morecareful7．Whichdoyoulike______,coffee,teaorlemonade?A)thebestB)better C)bestD)thebetter8．I’veneverseen______before．A)sobeautifulsunsetB)suchabeautifulsunsetC)suchbeautifulsunsetD)asbeautifulsunset9．Thisis______opportunitytobelost．A)toogoodB)tooagoodC)toogoodanD)atoogood10．Ineverheard______story．A)moreamusingB)themoreamusedC)amoreamusingD)amoreamused11．It’s______filmIveeverseen．A)moreinterestingB)mostinterestingC)themostinterestingD)amoreinteresting12．Themorehetriedtohelpher,______sheseemedtoappreciateit．A)thelessB)themorelessC)thelesserD)themuchlesser13．Thefarewas______thanhethoughtitwouldbe．A)lessasexpensiveB)lessexpensiveC)notaslessexpensiveD)aslessexpensive14．Themarket______ithadbeeninthemorning．A)wasascrowdedB)wasnotcrowdedasC)wasn’tascrowdedasD)wasn’tsocrowded15．Shewas______anyonecouldbe．A)suchco-operativeasB)veryco-operativethatC)mostco-operativethanD)asco-operativeas16．Thissofaisn’tcomfortable,butthatoneis______better．A)ratherB)lessC)everD)hardly17．Americansnowuse______electricalpowerpercapitaastheworldaverageA)asmuchsixtimesB)morethansixtimesC)asmorethansixtimesmuchD)morethansixtimesasmuch18．Themoonisapproximately60times______fromthecenteroftheearthasweare．A)asnearasB)asfarasC)asnearD)asfar19．Thesunmustbemadeoflighterstuffthantheearth．Iftheearthwere______,itwouldweighfourtimesasmuch．A)biggerB)smallerC)asbiggerD)asbigasthesun20．Thethingthattroublesme______ismylungcancer．A)mostB)muchC)veryD)rather21．Johnis______hisfriend．A)nomorerichthanB)notmorerichthanC)noricherthanD)notrichthan22．Thebeautyofthecityis______wordscandescribe．A)morethanB)lessthanC)nomorethanD)nolessthan23．Itisinferiorinquality______whatIimagined． A)thanB)ofC)toD)with24．Jimis______inbothabilityandlearning．A)superiorthanIB)superiortoIC)superiorthanmeD)superiortome25．Herskirtis______．A)aspretty,ifnotprettierthanhersisterB)asprettyas,ifnotprettierthan,hersister’sC)prettyashersister,ifnotprettierD)prettyashersisters,ifnotprettier26．Exercisingis______asanytoloseunwantedweight．A)goodasawayB)asgoodawayC)asagoodwayD)sogoodaway27．Thereis______amanwholaysdownhislifeforhiscountry．A)nogreaterlovethanthatofB)nogreaterlovethanC)nosogreaterloveasthatofD)noasgreaterloveasthatof28．JohnandTonyarebothverylearned,butHarryis______．A)themorecleverB)themostcleveroneC)theclevereroneD)thecleverestone29．—DidyoulikethebookIgaveyou?—______thenovelsthatIveread,Ienjoyedthisonethemost．A)OfallB)AllofC)ForallD)Fromall30．Itis______thebestsolutiontotheproblem．A)veryB)alotC)sofarD)byfar31．Finally,hechose______expensiveofthetwocameras．A)themostB)moreC)themoreD)most32.Helooksolderthanme,butIamtenyears______tohim.A)olderB)youngerC)seniorD)young33．Themorehelookedatthepicture,______.A)thelesshelikeditB)thebetterhelikesitC)lesshelikeditD)helikeditbetter34．Thishouseisverybigandbeautiful.Ithinktherentmustbe______asthatone.A)threetimesmoreB)asmuchthreetimesC)threetimesasmuchD)asthreetimesmuch35．Thenewmanagerwas______calmandapproachable______hispredecessorhadbeenarrogantandaggresive．A)notas…asB)as…asC)not…so…asD)morethan36．MissAugustineis______asyoucanwishtomeet．A)efficientasecretaryB)anasefficientsecretaryC)asefficientasecretaryD)asecretaryefficient37．Theresultofthecomplicatedexperimentis______aswehadexpected.A)asasuccessmuchB)muchasasuccessC)asmuchasuccessD)asmuchofasuccess38．Thepresentcrisisis______thananeconomiccrisis． A)muchmoreapoliticalB)muchamorepoliticalC)muchmorepoliticalD)muchmorepoliticalcrisis39．Filmdirectorscantake______libertiesindealingwithconceptsoftimeandspacethanstagedirectorscan．A)moregreaterB)thegreatestC)fargreaterD)furthergreat40．WindandraincontinuallyhitagainstthesurfaceoftheEarth,breakinglargerocksinto______particles．A)smallerandthensmallerB)smalltosmallerC)smallerandsmallerD)littlebylittle第十三讲介词I.学习重点●对简单介词的考查对短语介词的考查对“介词与动词／形容词／名词的搭配”的考查Ⅱ．重点讲解介词又叫前置词，是一种虚词，用来表示其后的名词(或相当于名词的词、短语或从句)与其他句子成分的关系。介词不能单独作句子成分，只有和其后的词(叫作介词宾语)构成介词短语才能在句子中充当某些成分，如作定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语等。按照介词的构成，介词可分为3类：①简单介词，即由一个词构成的介词，如in,at,among等，其中包括由两个简单介词组合成的合成介词，如inside,without,throughout等，还包括由V-ing形式和V-ed形式转化而来的分词介词，如considering,including,given等；②双重介词，它由两个简单介词组成，如fromamong(从……当中)，frombehind(从……的后面)，untilafter(直到……之后)等;③短语介词，它由一个或两个简单介词和一个或几个其他词类的词组合成一个短语，作用相当于一个介词，短语介词的末尾总是一个简单介词，如accordingto,becauseof,infavourof,inspiteof等。对介词的考查主要体现在简单介词、短语介词及介词与其他词类的搭配上。Ⅲ．自测题1．Hetookmyumbrella______．A)withmistakeB)bymistakeC)inmistakeD)byfault2．He’ssometimesbad-temperedbutheisagoodfellow______．A)byheartB)withheartC)inheartD)atheart3．ThespeechwassolonganddullthatIcouldhardlyputup______it．A)toB)uponC)withD)into4．ThenewTVsetisgood,______someflashesonthescreen．A)besidesB)beyondC)exceptforD)outsideof5．Perhapseconomyisthesolution______yourfinancialtroubles．A)atB)toC)onD)for 6．Sciencehasbrought______manychangesinourlives．A)aroundB)aboutC)forwardD)back7．Mysisterisreallyenthusiastic______music．A)aboutB)onC)withD)by8．AnobjectiveofWomen’sLiberationistodo______unfairdiscriminationagainstwomen．A)outofB)awaywithC)awayfromD)updown9．Imustapologize______notansweringyourletterintime．A)fromB)withC)forD)in10．Shetriedtomakeup______thelosttime______stayinguplate．A)for;byB)with;byC)for;withD)with;with11．Hishonestyis______;nobodycandoubtit．A)outofthequestionB)besidequestionC)withoutquestionD)inquestion12．Weshouldpreventpeople______shooting______birds．A)from;atB)of;toC)against;atD)from;to13．Theshipwas______thewaves．A)atthemercyofB)atthemerciesofC)atamercyofD)atmerciesof14．Thechildsuffered______asevereattack______influenza．A)from;ofB)of;onC)in;onD)with;by15．Youmayparaphrasethissentence______yourownwords．A)byuseB)useC)withD)in16．Itisday______uswhileitisnight______theAmericans．A)on;atB)with;forC)to;sinceD)with;with17．Hedidn’tgototheparty______avarietyofreasons．A)toB)atC)forD)on18．Tofinishthistaskinthreedaysis______aneasyjob．A)bynomeansB)byanymeansC)byallmeansD)bymeansof19．Atyesterday’smeeting,Mr．Lee______areasonableplan．A)putupwithB)caughtupwithC)keptupwithD)cameupwith20．______Mary,allthestudentshavebeenthere．A)WithrelevancetoB)WiththeexceptionofC)ExceptthatD)Similarto21．Insomeruralareasofourcountry,machineshave______maninmuchfarmwork．A)takentheplaceofB)takenadvantageofC)takenforgrantedD)takenintoaccount22．Theoryisbasedonpracticeand______servespractice．A)inturnB)inreturn C)invainD)inplace23．I______afriendinthecityyesterday．A)cameacrossB)camearoundC)cameupagainstD)cameupto24．Theycontinuedtowork______theheavyrain．A)incourseofB)inspiteofC)intheeventofD)inthefaceof25．Thisplanwillbediscussed______atthenextmeeting．A)atintervalsB)atlargeC)atlengthD)attimes26．Thetwoparties______adateforthenexttalk．A)agreedonB)agreedtoC)agreedwithD)answeredfor27．Wehaveourbookprinted______．A)atourownexpenseB)atourdisposalC)onourownD)onourguard28．Anexperiencedengineeris______thework．A)inmemoryofB)inthechargeofC)inhonourofD)inchargeof29．Preparationsforthefinalexaminationare______．A)allthewayB)underwayC)bythewayD)intheway30．Ihavesomuchworktodothataholidayformethisyearis______．A)outofthequestionB)outofpracticeC)outofdateD)outofquestion31．Hedidn’ttakepartinthemeeting______theheavyrain．A)forthesakeofB)atthemercyofC)onthepointofD)onthegroundsof32．Tomissuffering______afever,please______adoctor．A)from;sendforB)of;sendoffC)in;sendinD)about;sendon33．Theplanewassoon______inthesky．A)outofsightB)outofdoorsC)outofbreathD)outofdate34．Hepretendedtobeanewspaperman,butitdidn’ttakeuslongto______him．A)seethroughB)seeaboutC)seeforD)seeto35．Alotofpeople______tearswhentheyheardthefamousscientisthadpassedaway．A)burstoutB)burstintoC)burstuponD)burstup36．Todeveloplightindustryinabigway______improvingthelivingstandardofthepeople．A)attributestoB)attachestoC)distributestoD)contributesto37．Allarts______theimitationandstudyofnature．A)consistinB)consistofC)consistwithD)comeof38．Ididn’tsayIlikeit.______,Iwasverymuchagainstit．A)TothecontraryB)OnthecontraryC)IncontrastwithD)Incomparisonwith 39．InBritain,meatissold______thepound．A)atB)inC)withD)by40．Ipreferwritingatermpaper______takinganexamination．A)ratherthanB)toC)forD)insteadof41．Whathaveyoutosayin______whathappenedyesterday?A)responsetoB)rightofC)relationtoD)thevanof42．Electricityisessential______modernindustry．A)inB)fromC)forD)to43．Heclimbedupintothetreeandpickedallthefruit______reach．A)nearB)withinC)insideD)at44．Hisideaswerefarin______oftheageinwhichhelived．A)additionB)advantageC)advanceD)adventure45．Vingoobtainedhisreleasefromjail______thesuccessfuleffortsofhisfriendstoprovehisinnocence．A)inaccordancewithB)asaresultofC)forreasonsofD)withthehelpof46．Today,moreandmorepeopleintheU．S．areusingcreditcards______ofmoneytobuythethingstheyneed．A)inspiteB)becauseC．insteadD)ahead47.Didyougothere______pleasureor______business?A)with…withB)on…forC)for…onD)for…for48．______itshotsunandbeautifulbeaches,Hawaiiisafineplacetoliveinorvisit．A)AsB)WithC)FromD)For49．Ithasbeenrathercostlytoinstallthemachinery,butitwillprovetobeworththemoney______．A)inconclusionB)inthelongrunC)atlonglastD)attheend50．Itisnoteasytotellthetrue______thefalse．A)fromB)withC)thanD)off51．Weallagreedwithhim______hisproposalsforaChristmasparty．A)atB)forC)inD)on52．Wecongratulatedourcolleague______hisengagementtothebeautifulfilmstar．A)forB)aboutC)onD)in53．Suchacustomisnotpeculiar______theBritish．A)onB)inC)ofD)to54．Thatstudentisveryfamiliar______alltheworksofShakespeareandMilton．A)toB)withC)aboutD)in55．Yourfatherisveryangry______youstayingoutsolate．A)forB)toC)withD)on 第十四讲连词I.学习重点并列连词的用法从属连词的用法Ⅱ．重点讲解连词是一种虚词，它是用来连接词、短语或分句的词。根据连词本身的构成形式，连词可分为4类：①简单连词，如and,but,or,if,before,since等；②关联连词，如both…and,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso等；③短语连词，如asif,assoonas,aswellas,sothat,incase,inorderthat等；④分词连词，如supposing,considering,provided等。根据连词的句法功能，连词可分为并列连词和从属连词两类。Ⅲ．自测题1．Tenyearshavepassed______IbegantolearnEnglish．A)whenB)beforeC)sinceD)after2．Thereasonforthetrafficaccidentwas______oneofthedriverslostcontrolofhiscar． A)becauseB)whyC)whenD)that3．Everythinghappened______expected．A)whichB)thatC)asD)and4．Ifthatideaiswrong,theprojectisboundtofail,______goodalltheotherideasmightbe．A)whatsoeverB)whateverC)thoughD)however5．Amanescapedfromtheprisonlastnight．Itwasalongtime______theguardsdiscoveredwhathadhappened．A)sinceB)untilC)whenD)before6．Adrivershouldslowdown______therearemanyhouses．A)whereB)whenC)tillD)since7．______theboyswerediscussingthecaraccident,Benputinthattheroadwasicy．A)SinceB)WhileC)WhereD)Assoonas8．Weheardaloudsoundofdrumsbeating______theparademarched．A)tillB)whereC)whileD)themoment9．Thepictureisnothanging______itshouldonthewall．A)untilB)whenC)whereverD)where10．Johndidn’tplaninadvancewhattosaybutmadeitup______hewasaskedquestions．A)sinceB)whereC)asD)till11．______Charlesstartedajob,hedidit______itwasfinished．A)Since;whereB)Once;tillC)Eachtime;onceD)Themoment;as12．Dewisformed______thegrassisthick．A)whileB)whenC)whereD)until13．IknowthecoatisunfashionablebutI’mnotgoingtothrowitaway．I’llkeepit______thatstylecomesintofashionagain．A)whenB)sinceC)untilD)as14．______morethanonehundredelementsareknown,onlytwenty-fiveofthemarecommonandimportant.A)BecauseB)IfC)AlthoughD)Whether15．Heputcolons______heshouldhaveputsemicolons．A)thoughB)evenifC)wheneverD)wherever16．Ienjoytravelling______Idon’thavetodrivetoofar．A)lestB)unlessC)ifD)but17．Somemembersofthestaffcouldn’thandleMarry’scondition,hard_______they tried．A)asB)althoughC)whenD)evenif18．Governmentcan’toperateeffectively______itisfreefromsuchinterference．A)aslongasB)sothatC)unlessD)because19．Thetimeisnotfaraway______moderncommunicationswillbecomewidespreadinChina’svastcountryside．A)whenB)asC)untilD)before20．______youdecidetotakeup,youshouldtrytomakeitasuccess．A)IfonlyB)UnlessC)WheneverD)Whatever21．_______thepunishmentwasunjust,Helenaccepteditwithoutcomplaint．A)HoweverB)EventhoughC)SolongasD)Since22．_______Iadmitthatthereareproblems,Idon’tthinkthattheycan’tbesolved．A)UnlessB)UntilC)AsD)W23.Britain’pressisunusual_______itisdividedintotwoverydifferenttypesofnewspapers:thequalitypressandthepopularpress．A)inhowB)inwhatC)inwhichD)inthat24．Weoftenadvisehimnottodrinkmorewine______isgoodforhishealth．A)asB)thanC)thatD)but25．Societynolongerlooksupondivoice______itdidacenturyago．A)nowayB)anywayC)awayD)theway 第十五讲It的用法I.学习重点虚义it和先行itItis/was+被强调成分+that/who…句型疑问词+is/wasit+that…句型Ⅱ．重点讲解为了强调句子的某一成分，常用强调句型“Itis/was…that/who…”句型。Ⅲ．自测题1．Itwaswithgreatjoy______hereceivedthenewsthathehadbeenenrolledintotheuniversity．A)sinceB)soC)thatD)as2．Itis______thatlikesswimming．A)IB)meC)himD)he3．Itwasnotuntil1997______IwasinterestedinstudyingEnglish．A)whenB)whatC)thatD)since4．Itwas______didit．A)IwhomB)mewhomC)IwhoD)mewho5．______he’sdoingisspoilingthewholething．A)ThatB)HowC)WhyD)What6．______isitthatmakeshimalwaysreadytohelpothers?A)WhatB)WhichC)WhenD)How7．Itwas______heboughtthebook．A)fromasecond-handstorewhereB)asecond-handstoreinwhichC)inasecond-handstorethatD)asecond-handstorefromwhere8．Itwas______thetelephonerang．A)whenshewasabouttogooutwhenB)whenshewasabouttogooutwhereC)thatshewasabouttogooutthatD)whenshewasabouttogooutthat9．ItwasinGermany______Einsteinspenthischildhood．A)whereB)inwhichC)thatD)duringthetime 10．Itwas______lateintheeveningthatTomreturnedhome．A)beforeB)whenC)tillD)notuntil11．Itwas______thathewentout．A)althoughitwasrainingB)thoughitwasrainingC)sinceitwasrainingD)whenitwasraining12．______absentfromclasstoday?A)ItiswhysheisB)ItiswhyissheC)WhyitisthatissheD)Whyisitthatsheit13．Where______thefirsttime?A)wasitthattheymetB)wasitthatdidtheymeetC)wasitwheretheymetD)wasitthatdidtheymet14．______devisedtheautomaticproductionline?A)WhowasitthatB)WhomwasitthatC)WhoitwasthatheD)Whomwasitthathim15．______TomgaveJaneahandbag．A)ItwasatChristmaswhenB)ItisatChristmaswhereC)ItwasatChristmassinceD)ItmayhavebeenatChristmasthat16．Itisonlywhenwelookbackonthepastthat______appreciatethegreatadvances_____duringthiscentury．A)canwe…makesB)wecan…tobemadeC)wecan…madeD)canwe…havemade17．Itwasbetween1937and1945______ChinesepeoplehadawaragainstJapan．A)whenourB)thatourC)thatweD)which18．It______Shakespeare______theEnglishlanguageissorichtoday．A)isthanksto…thatB)isthanksto…whoC)thanksto…whomD)wasthanksto…that19．MoreoftenitisthePresident,andnotthemembersofhiscabinet,______thepopulace．A)whoappealtoB)towhomappealtoC)whomappealstoD)whoappealsto20．_______theEuropeansbegantolearnhowtousethecompassontheirships．A)Itwasnotuntilthe12thcenturywhenB)Hardlyitwasthe12thcenturythanC)Nosooneritwasthe12thcenturywhenD)Itwasnotuntilthe12thcenturythat第十六讲关系从句I.学习重点关系代词的选用关系副词的选用限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句“介词十关系代词”的用法Ⅱ．重点讲解 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句，又叫作形容词性从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。用来引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。定语从句一般放在先行词之后。Ⅲ．自测题1．MontBlanc,______wevisitedlastsummer,isthehighestmountaininEurope．A)whereB)thatC)whatD)which2．TheUniversityisdifferentfrom______itwasbefore．A)thatB)whichC)oneD)what3．Watchtheboyandthedog______arecrossingthebridge．A)whoB)whichC)thatD)whom4．Heisthebestman______Ihaveeverseen．A)whomB)whoC)thatD)which5．Hefailedhisexam,______provesthathewasn’tworkinghardenough．A)whatB)ofwhichC)whichD)this6．Hisbrotherhadbecomeateacher,______hewantedtobe.A)whichB)thatC)whoD)as7．TheAstronomicalAssociation______，meetsonceaweek．A)whichIamamemberB)ofwhichIamamemberC),whichIamamemberD),ofwhichIamamember8．We’vejustinstalledacentralheating,______shouldmakeatremendousdifferencetothehousenextwinter．A)whatB)itC)thatD)which9．Thedays______youcouldtravelwithoutapassportareathingofthepast．A)wheneverB)whereverC)onwhichD)inwhich10．Thefirestartedonthefirstfloorofthehospital,manyof______patientsareelderlyandinfirm(体弱的).A)whoseB)whichC)itsD)their11．Theargumentativeformofwritingisone______problemsarediscussed．A)ofwhichB)inwhichC)whichD)that12．Ihopethatthelittle______hasbeenofsomeuse．A)whichIhavebeenabletodoB)thatIhavebeenabletodoC),thatIhavebeenabletodoD)whatIhavebeenabletodo13．Dante,______inthethirteenthcentury,wasanoutstandingItalianpoet．A)whowasbornB)thatwasbornC)whichwasbornD)whomwasborn14．Theman,______isparkedinfrontofourhouse,isafamousphysicianinthis town．A)theredcarofwhichB)ofwhomtheredcarC)who’sredcarD)whoseredcar15．TheUnitedStatesiscomposedoffiftystates,______areseparatedfromtheothersbylandorwater．A)twooftheseB)ofwhomtwoC)twoofwhichD)twoofwho16．Iknowofacompound______structureislikethis．A)whoseB)thatC)whichD)ofwhom17．Hangzhou,______wespentlastspring,isoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesinChina．A)whichB)thatC)whereD)when18．Thesizeoftheaudience,______,waswellovertwentythousand．A)whomwehadexpectedB)aswehadexpectedC)whatwehadexpectedD)wehadexpected19．Themeetingisputofftillnextmonth,______．A)whatisitexactlywhatwewantB)whichisexactlywhatwewantC)thoughitisexactlywhatdowewantD)beingitexactlywhatwewant20．Thatistheplace______whenhewasthere．A)inwherehelivedB)inwhichhelivedinC)whichhelivedinD)helived21．Thereisnooneofus______togo．A)butwishesB)whoeverwishesC)butwishingD)whomwish22．Thetimewillcome______mancanflyto______helikesintheuniverse．A)how;whereB)when;whereverC)where;whereD)what;which23．Doyouknowthestudent______?A)whomIoftentalkB)withwhoIoftentalkC)IoftentalkwithD)thatIoftentalk24．Therearefewareasintheworld______begrownsuccessfully．A)whereapricotscanB)thatapricotsC)apricotsthatcanD)wherecanapricots25．Cavesandhollowtreesarenottheonlyplaces______．A)wherearefoundbatsB)wherebatsarefoundinC)wherebatsarefoundD)inwhichbatstofind26．Thiswastheplace______lastyear．A)whichIvisitedB)whereIvisitedC)whenIvisitedD)inwhichIvisited27．LarryChan______，washereyesterday．A)whomwehadheardsomuchB),aboutwhomwehadheardsomuchC),whomwehadheardsomuchD)aboutwhomwehadheardsomuch28．Theaudience,______,enjoyedtheperformanceverymuch．A)mostofthemwerestudentsB)mostofwhomwerestudents C)mostofwhichwerestudentsD)mostofwhombeingstudents29．Thattree,______arealmostbare,isaveryoldone．A)whosebranchesB)itsbranchesC)which’sbranchesD)onwhichthebranches30．Hestudiedhardatschoolwhenhewasyoung______contributestohissuccessinlaterlife．A),whichB)thatC)whichD)sothat31．Myeldestsister______isnowstudyingintheUniversity．A)whoistwentyB),whoistwenty,C),thatistwenty,D)whoseageistwenty,32．MrSmithwillmoveintohisnewhousenextMonday,______itwillbecompletelyfinished．A)bythattimeB)bywhichtimeC)bythenD)bythetime33．Thereason______hegivesfornotcomingisthathismotherwontlethim．A)forwhichB)whichC)whyD)aboutwhich34．Waterentersintoagreatvarietyofchemicalreactions,______havebeenmentionedinpreviouspages．A)afewofitB)afewofthatC)afewofthemD)afewofwhich35．The______whyElainedidn’tturnupwasnotmadeclear．A)causeB)reasonC)matterD)excuse36．Shehasmadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,_______ofgreatimportancetoscience．A)ofwhichIthinkB)IthinkwhichisC)whichIthinkisD)whichitis37．Aharvesterisamachine_______weharvestcropsoraperson______isharvesting．A)which.......whoB)withwhich.......whoC)that.......thatD)that.......who38．Thebuses,_______werealreadyfull,weresurroundedbyanangrycrowd．A)mostofthatB)whichmostC)mostofwhichD)thatmost39．Neversayanythingbehindaperson’sback_______youwouldn’tsaytohisface．A)whichB)whatC)thatD)as40．Thepassengersandthesuitcases_______werestillwaitinghadtobetransferredtoanotherplane．A)whoB)whichC)thatD)what41．Shespentalleveningtalkingaboutherlatestbook,_______noneofushadeverheard．A)ofwhatB)whichC)ofwhichD)that42．Anelementisasubstanceallof_______atomshavethesameatomicnumber．A)thatB)what C)whoseD)which43．Doyouknowtheblacksmith,twosons_______diedintheCivilWar?A)whichB)ofwhomC)whomD)ofwhich44．Thedoctorsallblamedtheirresponsibleboy_______toprotectthelittlegirl．A)itwashethatwasB)itwaswhosedutyC)whosedutywasitD)whosedutyitwas45．Suchpeople_______youdescribedarerarenowadays．A)whoB)whichC)asD)that第十七讲名词性从句I.学习重点主语从句宾语从句同位语从句表语从句Ⅱ．重点讲解在句子中起名词作用的各种从句，统称为名词性从句。根据它们在句中所起的语法作用，又分为主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句和表语从句。Ⅲ．自测题1．Wedo______ourmotherlandasksustodo．A)thatB)whicheverC)whateverD)allover2．Itisstrange______shedidnotcomeyesterday．A)whatB)thatC)whereverD)whenever3．Youshouldunderstandthatourprincipleis______thePartycommandsthegun．A)asifB)whatC)howD)that4．Thestoryisabout______anineyearoldboymanagedtosaveafiveyearoldgirlinatrafficaccident．A)howB)whatC)howeverD)why5．Itisessential______everybody______whattodo．A)that;knowB)when;knowC)that;knowsD)when;knows6．______waterisessentialtolifeiscommonsense．A)WhatB)WhichC)ThatD)Whether7．It______Irememberedtheaddress．A)happenedwhenB)willhappenwhenC)happenedthaD)happensthat8．______theshipsankhasbeenamystery．A)WhatB)AsC)WhyD)Since9．Itdoesn’tmakeanydifferencetome______．A)thatyousayB)whatyousayC)inthatyousayD)forwhatyousay10．Ican’tfigureout______allofherinformationmeans．A)whatB)nearlyC)thatD)those 11．Hegave______cametothedoorawinningsmile．A)allB)thoseC)whomD)whoever12．Thepoint______willgo,butwhowillstay．A)whoB)isnotwhoC)thatisD)towho13．Hepaidnoattentiontothedoctorsrecommendation______smoking．A)thathestoppedB)whyhewouldstopC)howhehadstoppedD)thathestop14．Wehavetofacethefact______mostofushavebeenbroughtuptoconsumecertainfoodsandwesticktothemallourlives．A)thatB)whichC)forwhatD)forthat15．______somemammalscametoliveintheseaisnotknown．A)AsB)SinceC)AlthoughD)When16．Everybodyis______allmilitaryadventuresbythesuperpowersaredoomedtofailure．A)consciousofthefactthatB)consciousofthatC)consciousofD)knownthat17．Heknewnothingaboutherjourney______shewaslikelytobeawayfortwomonths．A)exceptforB)exceptC)exceptthatD)exceptthisthat18．—Idon’tlikeyourattitude．—Idon’tcare______．A)ifornotyoulikeitB)doyoulikeitornotC)whetheryoulikeitornotD)youlikeitornot19．Thingsarenotalways______theyseemtobe．A)sinceB)asC)forD)that20．Iconsider______thatIshoulddomybesttohelpthem．A)mydutyB)whatmydutyC)tobemydutyD)itmyduty21．______doctorscansavetheman’slife．A)ItisunlikelywhoeverB)ItisunlikelythatC)ItisunlikelywhomeverD)Thatisunlikelythat22．I______theywerenotcoming．A)tookitforgrantedthatB)tookforgrantedhowC)tookforgrantedthatD)takingtothefactthat23．Hegotuptoolatewiththeresult______hemissedthemorningtrain．A)whenB)howC)whyD)that24．ThereasonIdidnotgotoFrancewas______anewjob．A)becauseIgotB)duetoC)becauseofgettingD)thatIgot25．Therearemanyreasons______Ican’thelpyou．A)thatB)whyC)forD)to26．Itisawondertome______theysurvivedtheearthquake．A)whereB)whyC)whatD)that27．Whenwearefrightenedandworried,ourbodiesproducecertainchemicalstohelpusfight______troublingus．A)howisthatB)whichisC)whatisD)whichever28．Myfatherwassure______Iwouldovercomemyfears． A)thatB)whatC)asD)which29．Areyoucertainthatthisis______inhisspeech?A)MrLeestressedB)whatMrLeehasstressedC)MrLeehasstressedD)whichMrLeehasstressed30．Thetimeforthegeneraloffensivewasapproaching．Thecommander’sordersooncame______allciviliansevacuate(撤离)thevillage．A)thatB)whenC)beforeD)as31．Hewonderedwhat_______．A)willbehiswife’sreactionB)wouldbehiswife’sreactionC)wouldhiswife’sreactionbeD)hiswife’sreactionwouldbe32．Has_______beensettledwhowillbesenttocarryoutthetask?A)itB)thatC)whichD)what33．_______itwilldousharmorgoodremainstobeseen．A)IfB)WhetherC)ThatD)Which34．Theoldladytoldhersufferingsto_______shemet．A)whoeverB)whomthatC)whomeverD)whichever35．_______asmuchasonefourthofalltimberharvestedisnotused．A)TheyareestimatedB)TheyestimatingthatC)ItisestimatedthatD)Theestimationthat36．_______isrelatedtoillnessisnotanewdiscovery．A)ThefoodB)ThatfoodC)WhatfoodD)Whichfood37．I’mfullyconfident_______youcanovercomethosedifficulties．A)thatB)whyC)whichD)if38．Itisthefirmbeliefofastronomers_______therearelivingcreaturesonotherplanets．A)whichB)whereC)thatD)what39．_______suchatotalwreckseemsmiraculous．A)ThedrivercouldsurviveB)ThatthedriversurvivedC)WhenthedriversurvivedD)Whythedriversurvived40．Manynewspapersprintedthegovernor’sstatement_______wouldsupportataxcut．A)andheB)whichheC)thereforeheD)thathe第十八讲状语从句I.学习重点时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句 让步状语从句条件状语从句目的状语从句比较状语从句方式状语从句程度/结果状语从句Ⅱ．重点讲解在句子中起状语作用的从句叫作状语从句。状语从句可位于主句前(通常用逗号与主句隔开)，也可位于主句之后(不需用逗号隔开)。状语从句可表示时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、方式、比较、目的和结果等意义。不同的状语从句要求用不同的从属连词或相当于从属连词的词组引出。因此，可以说，掌握状语从句用法的关键在于熟记引导各种状语从句的从属连词和词组。Ⅲ．自测题1．______wehaveallthematerialready,weshouldbeginthenewtaskatonce．A)SincethatB)SincethenC)BynowD)Nowthat2．______yougo,______youdo,Iwillberightherewaitingforyou．A)Whatever;whereverB)Wherever；whateverC)Whenever;whicheverD)Where；what3．Takethisbaggageand______youcanfindenoughspace．A)putitwhichplaceB)putitwhereverC)putitwhichD)putitthere4．______nobodywasveryenthusiasticaboutit,theydecidedtocancelthetrip．A)SeenthatB)SeeingthatC)SoD)When5．Itwas______everyonewenttothebeach．A)suchahotweathersoB)suchhotweatherthatC)ahotenoughweathersothatD)averyhotweather6．Wehadtoputthemeetingoff______somanycomradeswereabsent．A)unlessB)sinceC)asfarasD)though7．Thefuelmusthavebeenfinished,______theenginestopped．A)sinceB)asC)becauseD)for8．______,BettydidnotacceptBert’sproposal．A)AfoolthoughheisB)FoolwhathewereC)AfoolsincehewasD)Foolthatheis9．Ican’taltogetheragree______．A)whileyoumayberightB)thoughyoumayberightC)whileyouwererightD)whileyouareright10．______,hecouldnotsolvetheproblematonce．A)WheneverhewerehereB)ThoughwerehehereC)EvenifhewerehereD)Whetherhewere11．Youcancomewithmetothemuseum______youdon’tmindwalkingforhalfanhour．A)sofarasB)unlessC)exceptD)if12．______thatfactorywassetup,mybrotherhasbeenanengineerthere．A)WhileB)Since C)TillD)Whenever13．ThemoreIlookedatthepaintinginwatercolours,______．A)themoreIlikeditB)moreIlikeditC)IlikeditmoreD)itlookedbetter14．Wewon’tchangeourminds______happens．A)whichB)itC)howeverD)whatever15．Hehadtoborrowalittlemoneyfromhisuncle______hecouldfinishhiseducationwithoutworking．A)whenB)thatC)sothatD)inorderto16．Itwas______ahundredpeoplecouldliveinit．A)toolargeroomthatB)soalargeroomthatC)suchlargearoomthatD)solargearoomthat17．Someofthestarsare______faraway______itisimpossibleforustomeasurethem．A)such.......thatB)so.......thatC)too.......thatD)too.......enough18．______hehaddiscoveredhiserror,hemadethenecessarycorrectionofhisdata．A)AssoonasB)InorderthatC)NomatterhowD)Evenif19．______peoplesay,Iamsurethatheisinnocent．A)WhoeverB)WhateverC)HoweverD)Whenever20．Youwillbewelcomednomatter______youcome．A)howB)whatC)whenD)who21．Thestudentputsuphishand______Iaskaquestion．A)alltimeB)everytimeC)bythetimeD)intime22．Itwasnecessarytoextendthefactorybuilding______thecompanywasdoingmoreandmorebusiness．A)untilB)lestC)althoughD)as23．______wehavenomoney,wecan’tbuythefreezer．A)HoweverB)SinceC)ForD)Becauseof24．Peterworkedharddayandnight______hecouldpayforthelostcar．A)inorderthatB)aslongasC)themomentD)notuntil25．______difficultitmaybe,wecanfinishitintime．A)WhateverB)NomatterwhoC)NomatterhowD)Nomatterwhat26．Theydidn’tallowtheirsontoswiminthesea_______hemighthaveanaccidentsomeday．A)sothatB)besidesC)otherwiseD)forfearthat27．_______thedictionary,hecouldnotaffordtobuyit．A)HelikedverymuchB)AshelikedmuchC)MuchashelikedD)Likedashe 28．Thereare_______fewschoolsinthatareathattheycannotenroll_______manystudents．A)such...soB)so...soC)such...suchD)so...such29．_______theAtlanticOceancrossestheequator,thetradewindscauseaflowofwatertothewest．A)WhereB)ThatC)AndD)At30．_______thattherewasnopossibilityofavoidingacrash,thefishermendecidedtodiveintothesea．A)becauseofB)OwingtoC)SeeingD)Asaresult31．Hehad_______educationwhenyoungowingtohispoorfamilybackgroundthathefindsthatheisnotuptohispresentjob．A)suchalittleB)solittleanC)suchlittleD)solittle32．_______Isympathizewithyou,I’mafraidthereislittleIcando．A)NomatterB)WhileC)IfD)Because33．_______,heneverhelpsthepoor．A)AsheisrichB)He,thoughisrichC)RichasheisD)Heisrich34．YoucanflytoLondonthisevening_______youdon’tmindchangingplanesinParis．A)sofarasB)unlessC)providedD)except35．Theywent_______theycouldfindwork．A)theplaceB)thatC)whereverD)and 第十九讲倒装句I.学习重点以so/neither/nor/nomore开头的倒装句以only强调状语的倒装句以否定词开头的倒装句省略了if的倒装的虚拟条件从句therebe存在倒装句as/though引导的倒装的让步状语从句as引导的倒装的原因状语从句so/such…that引导的程度/结果状语从句however引导的让步状语从句以表示“地点”的介词短语开头的倒装句以be开头的让步状语从句动词原形+疑问词+主语+may/will表示的让步状语从句程度/频度状语在句首的倒装句V-ing形式／V-ed形式在句首的倒装句Ⅱ．重点讲解英语最基本的语序是“主语+谓语动词”，这叫作正常语序或自然语序。如果谓语动词放到主语之前，这就是倒装。将谓语动词完全移至主语之前，就形成全部倒装；如果只是把助动词放在主语之前，这称为部分倒装。倒装的原因有两个：语法的需要和修辞的需要。英语倒装句是历年英语考试的重点之一。Ⅲ．自测题1．______thefirsttousenuclearweapons．A)WillChinaneverbeB)AtnotimewillChinabeC)NeverChinawillbeD)AtnotimeChinawillbe2．Onlywhenyouhaveobtainedsufficientdata______cometoasoundconclusion．A)youwillB)youcanC)canyouD)wouldyou3．Hardlyever______getagoodjobthesedayswithoutagoodeducation.A)havepeopleB)peoplecanC)peoplemightD)dopeople 4．Onlyyesterday______whatwasgoingon．A)didIrealizeB)hadIrealizedC)IrealizedD)Ididrealize5．Undernocircumstances______cheques．A)wecanacceptB)canweacceptC)wewillacceptD)wecouldaccept6．Hardly______whenIhadanewproblemtocopewith．A)hadIarrivedB)IhadarrivedC)haveIarrivedD)Iarrived7．Wooddoesnotconductelectricity,______．A)sodoesn’trubberB)alsodoesn’trubberC)nordoesrubberD)norrubberdoes8．Ifailedtocatchthetrain,______．A)soMarydidB)sodidMaryC)neitherdidMaryD)neitherMarydid9．______,youwon’tbeabletodoitalone．A)HoweveryoutryhardB)YoutryhardhoweverC)HoweverhardyoutryD)Hardyoutryhowever10．Bynomeans______createordestroyenergy．A)wecanB)wecan’tC)canweD)shallwe11．Rarely______suchasillything．A)haveIheardofB)IhavebeenheardofC)haveIbeenheardofD)Ihaveheardof12．Nosoonerhadtheyheardthealarm______tothefirespot．A)whentheyrushedB)thandidtheyrushC)whendidtheyrushD)thantheyrushed13．Notuntil1876______．A)wasthefirstturbineengineinventedB)thefirstturbineenginewasinventedC)thefirstturbineenginehadbeeninventedD)hadthefirstturbineenginebeeninvented14．Scarcely______whentheassassinsshothimdown．A)hedidfinishhiselectionaddressB)hadhefinishedhiselectionaddressC)didhefinishhiselectionaddressD)hehadfinishedhiselectionaddress15．Notonce______hisviewoflife．A)thegentlemanmentionedthatB)hasthegentlemanbeingmentionedC)didthegentlemanmentionD)thegentlemanmentioned16．______,Imustdoanotherexperiment．A)SolateitbeeverB)BeiteversolateC)ItiseversolateD)Itbeeversolate17．______runfast．A)NoteveryhorsecanB)NotcaneveryhorseC)NoteveryhorseD)Notdoeseveryhorse18．So______thathisfathergavehimpermission．A)earnestdidtheboybegB)earnesttheboybeggedC)earnestlydidtheboybegD)earnestlytheboybegged 19．So______thatitishardforustoimagineitsspeed．A)fastlighttravelsB)fastdoeslighttravelC)lighttravelsfastD)doeslighttravelsfast20．Tosuchlengths______withhisdirtystoriesthateverybodybegantobedisgusted．A)didhegoB)hedidgoC)hewentD)hadhewent21．______inyourplace,Iwouldgiveitupearly．A)WasIB)IwasC)WereID)Iwere22．______isthevolumeofchemicalgoods．A)ConstantlygrowingtooB)TooconstantlygrowingC)GrowingconstantlytooD)Toogrowingconstant23．Notonly______affectedbythenewlaw．A)aremenbutalsoarewomenB)aremenbutalsowomenC)menbutalsoarewomenD)menbutalsowomenare24．Littledifficulty______inperformingtheoperation．A)wemetB)wemetwithC)didwemeetD)didnotwemeetwith25．Tothisclassofsubstances______glass,wood,etc．A)isbelongB)arebelongedtoC)belongD)belongs26．WhatTomdidwasimportant,but______．A)moreimportantthewayofhedidthingswasB)thewayofhedidthingswasmoreimportantC)moreimportantwasthewayhedidthingsD)moreimportantthewaywerehedidthings27．Don’tbedisappointed．Youcan’tdoit,______anybodyelse．A)neithercanI,norcanB)norcanI,norcanC)norcanI,neithercanD)neithercanI,norcan28．Comeandworkforourcompany．Nowhereelse______suchagoodplacetodevelopyourknowledge．A)canyoufindB)youfindC)youcanfindD)findyou29．Ifmyhusbandrefusestosignthepapers,______．A)neitherwillIB)IwillsoC)neitherIwillD)sowillI30．______acertaindoubtamongthestudentsastothenecessityofthework．A)ThereexistedB)ItexistedC)TherehadD)Theyhad31．______,itisquiteeasytodrillaholeinitwithlazer．A)AsdiamondishardB)AlthoughharddiamondisC)HardasdiamondisD)Howeverdiamondishard32．______,Iwilllearnitwell．A)HoweverdifficultEnglishisB)NomatterhowdifficultisEnglishC)HoweverEnglishisdifficultD)NomatterhowEnglishisdifficult33．______receivedlawdegreesastoday．A)NeversomanywomenhaveB)Neverhavesomanywomen C)WomensomanyhaveneverD)Womenwhohavenever34．______willMr．Forbesbeabletoregaincontrolofthecompany．A)OnlywithhardworkB)OnlyifheworkshardlyC)WithhardworkD)Inspiteofhishardwork35．______theseriousconsequencesoftheaccident．A)NothingdidsherealizeB)LittledidsherealizeC)NeversherealizedD)Eversherealized36．_______inthehospitalthathepaidnoattentiontothesufferingsinthewards．A)HehadworkedtoomanyyearsB)ForsomanyyearshehadworkedC)ForsomanyyearshadheworkedD)Formanyyearshadheworked37．Veryimportantinthefarmerslife_______．A)theradioweatherreportsisB)theradioweatherreportareC)istheradioweatherreportD)aretheradioweatherreport38．_______toallthesedistractionswastheconstantroadnoisefromhighways．A)AddingB)AddedC)ToaddD)Havingadded39．Threemilesawayfromthesea______whichusedtobeaparadiseofmigratorybirds．A)thefarmlayB)laythefarmC)didthefarmlieD)thefarmdidlie40．Onlyinrecentyearswhentheglobalclimateisbecomingwarmerandwarmer_____tonoticethegravesituationoftheatmosphere．A)peoplehavebegunB)thatpeoplebeganC)havepeoplebegunD)andpeopledobegin