六年级英语语法知识总复习 8页

名词（单复数，所有格）一、可数名词的复数变化规则变化：1.—般在名词词尾加s,如street—streets,pianos,radios,photos2.以s,x,sh,ch结尾的名词加es,女口bus一buses,box一boxes,brush一brushes,watch一watches等。3.以辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i再加es,如strawberry—strawberries4.以f或fe结尾的，要变为ves,leaf—leaves,half—halves,thief—thieves,knife一knives不规则变化：1.单复数同行：fish,sheep,Chinese,Japanese,hundred等。2.内部元咅有变化：foot—feet,tooth—teeth,man—men,woman—women,mouse—mice（老鼠），3.词尾有变化：child—children二、不可数名词只有单数形式，前面的量词有复数变化。物质:bread,milk,water,juice,tea,paper,rain,snow等。抽象：time,fun等。acupoftea—twocupsoftea三、名词所有格1.单数名词所有格：在词尾直接加"s如BeiTsbirthday2.复述名词所有格：先加s变成复数，再加省文撇’如birds1cage,atgrandparents,house3.表示两个人共有的，在后一个人后面加"s如LucyandLily"sbedroom4.用of来表示无生命的东西，如aphotoofhisfamily,thenameofyourschool注意：句子开 头一定要注意people,family,police,children等名词。 冠词不定冠词a,an的主要用法：1.表示"一个anenvelope2.固定用法,女口havealook,takeawalk3.表示"每",akilo定冠词the的主要用法：1.特指,asktheway2・序数词,thefirstofSeptember,atthethirdcrossing3.最高级，thebestseason4.唯一,thesunandthemoon数词基数词，表示数塑，常用于表示年龄，重塑，长度，时间等方而。zero,one,two,three,twelve,thirteen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty,twenty-one,thirty,forty,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety,hundred序数词，表示顺序，常用于表示口期，生口时间，第几个十字路口，第几站路等。first,second,third,fourth,fifth,sixth,seventh,eighth,ninth,tenth,eleventh,twelfth,twentieth,twenty-first,fortieth,fiftieth,sixtieth,seventieth,eightieth,ninetieth介词表示时间:on,in,at,before,after等表示地点：under,beside,behind,between,near,nextto,infrontof,atthebackof等。 其它：about,as,like,with,along,from,for,to,by,of,into,outof等 代词我你他她它我们你们他们人称主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey代词宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem物主形容词性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir代词名词性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs注意：横行找单复数，竖行找类别的转换。不定代词主要有：onethingbodysomesomeonesomethingsomebodyanyanyoneanythinganybodyeveryeveryoneeverythingeverybodynonoonenothingNobody以上不定代词在句子中作单数形式使用，be动词和助动词要正确选择。指示代词:this,that,these,those疑问代词：who,whose,what,which相互代词：eachother 形容词和副词一、三个比较等级：原级，比较级，最高级两者进行比较吋用比较级，表示“最……”吋用最高级二、比较级的构成规则变化：1.一般在词尾加er,tostrong—stronger2.以不发音的e结尾，直接加r,如nice—nicer,large—larger3.以辅音字母加y结尾，把y变成ier,如heavy—heavier,happy—happier,early—earlier,busy一busier4.重读闭音节单词要双写尾字母再加er,如big一bigger,thin一thinner,fat一fatter,hot—hotter不规则变化：far一farthergood/well—better—bestmany/much—more—most三、比较级的运用1.差别比较：A动词数量比较级thanB.仮Q句：SuYangistwentyminutesyoungerthanme.MikerunsmuchfasterthanBen.2.同级比较：A动迥.as厘级asB.例句：SuYangisastallasSuHai.MikerunsasfastasBen. 动词一、be动词：amis—was,are—were二、助动词：do,does,did,don"t,doesn"t,didn"t三、动词的四种形式：动词原形，-ing形式，第三人称单数，过去式（一）・ing形式的构成1.一般直接在词尾加ing,toask—asking,talk—talking2.以不发音的e结尾，去e加Iing,如have—having,take—taking3.重读闭音节单词,双写尾字母再加ing,如sit—sitting,swimming,running,getting,chatting,planning,stopping,shopping（二）第三人称单数的构成1.一般直接在词尾加s,如like—likes2.以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的力Ues,如dress—dresses,mix—mixes,teach—teaches,watches,catches,wash一washes,brushes,finishes,go一goes,do一does3.以辅音字母加y结尾的，把y变为ies,女口fly—flies,study—studies,carry—carries4.have一has（三）过去式的构成规则变化：1.一般直接在词尾加ed,如pick—picked2.以不发音的e结尾,直接加d,如taste—tasted3.以辅音字母加y结尾，把y变为i再加cd,如study—studied,carry—carried4.重读闭音节单词，双写尾字母再加ed,如stop—stopped,shop—shopped,chat—chatted,plan一planned不规则变化：需要重点常握的不规则动词有sit-sat,swim—swam,run一ran,get一got,have/has一had,am/is一was,are一were,go一went,come一came,do/does一did,meet一met,read一read,see— saw,sing—sang,make—made,eat—ate,take—took,give一gave等。四种时态1、一般现在时句子中常见白勺词有：always,usutilly,often,sometimes,everyday,onSundays等。典型句子：Whatdoyouusuallydo...?Whatdoeshe/sheusuallydo...?二、现在进行时基本结构：be+动词inp形式句子屮常见的词有：now,look,listen典型句子：Whatareyoudoingnow?Look,whatishe/shedoing?三、一般过去时句子中常见的词有:justnow,amomentago,yesterday,last〜等典型句子：Whatdidyoudo...?Whatdidhe/shedo...?四、一般将来时基本结构：begoingto（打算做某事）或者will将要…句子中常见的词有:tomorrow,soon,next〜典型句子：Whatareyougoingtodo...?Whatishe/shegoingtodo...?