2015届高考英语语法知识点复习学案17 6页

www.ks5u.com2015江苏溧水县高考英语一轮课外练习（3）及答案完型填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从以下题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。[议论文型完形填空]-Wealwayswantwhatwecannothave.Whenwe"reyoung,wewanttostayoutlate,haveromanticrelationships,andbe__1__.However,whenwe"re__2__，wewanttogobacktobeingyoungandwe__3__thedayswhenwedidn"thavetoworryaboutcomplexloveaffairs,__4__pressure,andmoneyproblems.Youngpeoplebelieveadulthood__5__freedomfromparentsandschoolwork.Whenwegetolder，wefeelthat__6__isfreedomfromworkpressureandfamilyresponsibilities.To__7__thisfeeling,peoplesay,“Thegrassisalwaysgreenerontheotherside.”Asteenagers,weliketobelikeadultsbutasyoungadults,we__8__tobeyoungagain.Wethinkaboutstayingoutlateandhavingourownmoneytospend.Suddenly,weseethatlovecanresultin__9__hearts;stayingoutlatemakesithardtogetreadyfor__10__thenextmorning.Wefindoutthatadultlifeisnotas__11__aswethoughtitwouldbeandsuddenly,lifebecomesveryscary.Lifeisfair.Itgivesustimeto__12__butalsorequiresustowork.Thetimewillcomewhenwemustgrowupandwewillalwayslookbackwishingwe__13__beingyoungabitlonger.Thattimewillnotcomeback.Itisnormaltowantwhatwecannothavebutthe__14__isthattobehappyistoappreciatewhatwehave.Thatisthefirststeptogrowingup.__15__lifebecomesmorecomplex,wewillnotregretthetimewewastedwishingwewereadults.1.A．comfortableB．dependentC．independentD．polite2.A．olderB．defeatedC．marriedD．confident3.A．likeB．forgetC．regretD．miss4.A．studyB．jobC．ageD．health5.A．createsB．shows C．meansD．limits6.A．childhoodB．adulthoodC．parenthoodD．romanticism7.A．reduceB．describeC．experienceD．understand8.A．wishB．decideC．returnD．stop9.A．healthyB．ambitiousC．brokenD．excited10.A．breakfastB．schoolC．exerciseD．work11.A．richB．busyC．freeD．easy12.A．studyB．thinkC．playD．live13.A．stoppedB．enjoyedC．imaginedD．tried14.A．reasonB．resultC．dreamD．truth15.A．IfB．WhenC．UnlessD．BeforeB【要点综述】本文讲述了年轻人希望自己很快长大，因为长大了就意味着自由和独立；而成年人则希望自己能够回到童年，因为童年没有工作的压力和家庭的负担。生活总是这样的矛盾，我们要学会珍惜身边的事物，因为那才是真正的幸福。1．C　当我们年轻的时候，我们希望自己能够独立。2．A　年轻的时候希望长大，年老的时候，我们又希望自己能够重新年轻起来。3．D　我们思念无忧无虑的、没有压力的日子。4．B　第二段中的workpressure说明这里也是指工作的压力，故job为正确答案。5．C　年轻人认为成年意味着可以远离父母和没有作业。 6．A　成年人则认为童年可以远离工作压力和逃避家庭的责任。7．B　这种感觉可以被描述为：“草是那边绿(这山望着那山高)”。8．A　当我们年轻的时候，我们想要长大，成为成年人。当我们长大以后，我们又希望自己再次年轻起来。9．C　爱会让人心碎。10．D　玩得太晚意味着第二天早晨很难准备好去工作。11．D　我们发现成年人的生活并不像我们原来所想的那样容易。12．C　生活给我们玩的时间，也要求我们去工作。13．B　我们总是希望能够更多地享受青春。enjoydoingsth喜欢做某事。14．D　想要得到我们没有的东西是很正常的事情。但是真相是，幸福就是欣赏我们所拥有的东西，而不是去追求那些虚无缥缈的事物。15．B　当生活变得更复杂的时候，我们不会遗憾我们把时间浪费在了希望自己是成年人上。阅读理解。Theamountoftimechildrenspendininstitutionalcare（机构式照顾）mayaffecthowtheirbrainsdevelop.That’stheconclusionofanewstudycarriedoutbyresearchersattheUniversityofWisconsin,HarvardMedicalSchoolandtheUniversityofMinnesota.ThestudyispublishedinChildDevelopmentinthejournal’sJanuary/February2010issue.Tolearnhowthelackofcareandmaterialneedsthatinstitutionalizedchildrenoftenexperienceaffectbraindevelopment,theresearcherslookedat1328-and9-year-olds.SomeofthemwereadoptedintoU.S.homesafterspendingatleastayearandthreequartersoftheirlivesininstitutionsinAsia,LatinAmerica,RussiaandEasternEurope,andAfrica.Otherswereadoptedbythetimetheywere8monthsoldintoU.S.homesfromfostercare（寄养）inAsiaandLatinAmerica;mostofthesechildrenhadspentnotimeininstitutionalcare,whilesomehadspentamonthortwoininstitutionspriortofosterplacement.Onaverage,theinternationallyadoptedchildrenhadbeenlivingwiththeirfamiliesformorethan6years.ThesechildrenwerecomparedtoagroupofAmericanchildrenraisedintheirbirthfamilies.Childrenadoptedearlyfromfostercaredidn"tdifferfromchildrenraisedintheirbirth familiesintheUnitedStates.Childrenadoptedfrominstitutionalcareperformedworsethanthoseraisedinfamiliesontestsmeasuringvisualmemoryandattention,learningvisualinformation,andimpulse（冲动）control.Yetthesechildrenperformedatdevelopmentallyappropriatelevelsontestsinvolvingsequencingandplanning.Thetake-homemessage:Childrenmaketremendousadvancesincognitive（认知的）functioningoncetheyreachtheiradoptivefamilies,buttheearlyimpactontheirbrains"developmentisdifficulttochangecompletely."Weidentifiedbasiclearningprocessesthatareaffectedbyearlyinstitutionalization,"notesSethPollak,professorofpsychologyandpediatricsattheUniversityofWisconsin,whowasthestudy"sleadauthor."Policiesthatspeedthetimeinwhichchildrencanberemovedfrominstitutionalizedcaresotheycandevelopwithinfamilycontextsshouldbeimplementedtodecreasethelikelihoodoflearningproblemslaterinchildren"slives."1.Thepassageismainlywrittento.A.comparetwochildcaresystemsB.criticizetheinstitutionalchildcareC.presentanewresearchfindingD.introducethebasiclearningprocess答案解析：答案为C。本题为主旨大意题。本文运用了总----分----总的写作风格。注意文章第一段“Theamountoftimechildrenspendininstitutionalcaremayaffecthowtheirbrainsdevelop.”意为“儿童受到机构式照顾的时间长短或许会影响大脑发育”，和最后一段"Policiesthatspeedthetimeinwhichchildrencanberemovedfrominstitutionalizedcaresotheycandevelopwithinfamilycontextsshouldbeimplementedtodecreasethelikelihoodoflearningproblemslaterinchildren"slives."可知，儿童应摆脱机构式照顾，而应在家庭环境下培养，从而降低他们以后有学习障碍的可能性”，因此，文章主旨是在陈述一种新的发现。A，B，D都不是文章的主旨。2.Childrenhavetheirbraindevelopmentaffectedininstitutionalcarebecause.A.theysufferformpoorlivingconditionsB.theyspendtoomuchtimelearningC.theydon’thavefreedomstayingthereD.theyareneitherphysicallynormentallysatisfied 答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节推断题。从文章第二段首句“Tolearnhowthelackofcareandmaterialneedsthatinstitutionalizedchildrenoftenexperienceaffectbraindevelopment,…”可知，句中“care（照顾）”对应D选项的“mentally（精神地）”,“materialneeds（物质需求）”对应D选项的“physically（身体地）”,故答案为D。3．Comparedwithhome-raisedchildren,institutionalizedchildrendidn’tdoaswellintaskslike.A.thinkinginpicturesandself-controlB.workinginteamsandself-expressionC.puttingthingsinorderandself-defenseD.adaptingtotheenvironmentandself-panning.答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节题。从文章的第三段“Childrenadoptedfrominstitutionalcareperformedworsethanthoseraisedinfamiliesontestsmeasuringvisualmemoryandattention,learningvisualinformation,andimpulsecontrol.”可知，机构式照顾下的儿童比家庭环境下培养的儿童在视觉记忆、注意力、视觉信息和冲动控制上表现要差”,故答案A“思考图片和自我控制”意思符合文章的内容。4．Itcanbeconcludedformthepassagethat.A.theUnitedStatesisagoodplaceforchildren’sall-rounddevelopmentB.aperfectfamilyisbeneficialtochildren’sall-rounddevelopmentC.childrenininstitutionalcarecanhardlyachieveanythinggreatD.nothinghasbeendonetohelpchildrenininstitutionalcare答案解析：答案为B。本题为主旨推断题。结合第一题，本文是在陈述一种观点，即：受到机构式照顾的儿童大脑发育会受到影响，他们应在家庭环境下培养。A选项未提及；C、D选项太绝对。故答案为B。短文改错。Alittlewaveisjumpingalongintheocean，havinggreattime.Heisenjoyingthewindbutthefreshairuntilhenoticestheotherwavesinfrontofhim，crashingagainstontheshore.“MyGod，thisisterribly，”thewavesays.“Lookhowisgoingtohappentome！”Thenalongcame anotherwave.Itseesthefirstwavelookeddepressed，anditaskshim，“Whydoyoulooksosad？”Thefirstwavesays，“Youdon’tunderstand！Theyareallgoingtocrash！Allofuswavesaregoingtobeeverything！Isn’tthisterrible？”Thesecondwavesays，“No，youdon’tunderstand.Wearenotwave.Wearepartoftheocean.”【参考答案】Alittlewaveisjumpingalongintheocean，havinggreattime.Heisenjoyingthewindthefreshairuntilhenoticestheotherwavesinfrontofhim，crashingagainsttheshore.“MyGod，thisis，”thewavesays.“Lookisgoingtohappentome！”Thenalonganotherwave.Itseesthefirstwavedepressed，anditaskshim，“Whydoyoulooksosad？”Thefirstwavesays，“Youdon’tunderstand！areallgoingtocrash！Allofuswavesaregoingtobe！Isn’tthisterrible？”Thesecondwavesays，“No，youdon’tunderstand.Wearenot.Wearepartoftheocean.”