中考英语语法讲解资料及练习不定式 4页

中考英语语法讲解资料及练习　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　第6讲：不定式不定式和动词象一对姐妹一样亲密，本不该拆开来讲，可是篇幅有限，只能让他们分开了。不定式的构成非常简单，告诉我是什么？对！是to+动词原形。当然啦，to有时也可以不带。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，可以担当除谓语外的任何句子成分。那什么时候可以不带to呢?Listentomecarefully.　　不定式省to有四种情况：　使役动词let,have,make等后接不定式。如：Lethimgo!让他走!　　wouldrather，hadbetter后。如：Youhadbetterstayathome.你最好呆在家里。　Why.../whynot...后。如：WhynothaveagoodrestonSunday?为什么星期天不好好休息一下呢?　感官动词see,watch,lookat,hear,listento,smell,feel,find等后作宾补，省to。如：Isawhimdance.我看见他跳舞。　　注意：这些情况在被动句中可千万不可省to哟！如：Thebossmadethemworkthewholenight.变成被动句：Theyweremadetoworkthewholenight.　　不定式的特殊用法：It与不定式：动词不定式可以做主语，但如果动词不定式太长，显得头重脚轻的，那么我们就可用形式主语it代替，而把真正主语(即不定式)放于句尾。　　如:ItisnotdifficultformetostudyEnglishwell.(对我来说学好英语是可能的。)不定式还可以充当句子的宾语，但有些动词，如find，think，believe等，在语法上不能接受不定式作宾语，只有用it作形式宾语，从而把动词不定式置于句尾。这样的不定式可继续充当其宾语的作用。　　如:Ifounditdifficulttofallasleep.我发现很难入睡。　　还有一点：动词不定式，还可用在how，when，where，what，which等疑问代词或副词之后，与其共同作宾语。如：Idon"tknowhowtouseacomputer.我不知道怎样使用电脑。Remember?too...to...和enough...to：too...to表达"太...一致于不能..."。　　enough...to表达"足以..."。这两个词组的用法用两个例子就可以说清楚了。　　Theboxistooheavyformetolift.这个箱子太沉了，我提不动。　　Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.他到上学的年龄了。也就是说，他的年龄足够上学了。记住这两个句子就可以举一反三，应用自如。你记住了吗？　　好吧，再试一把趁热打铁！　练习：1.Tellhim___thewindow.　A.toclosenot　B.nottoclose　C.tonotclose　D.notclose　2.Pauldoesn"thavetobemade___.Healwaysworkshard.　A.learn 　B.tolearn　C.learned　D.learning　3.You"dbetter_______thestoryinJapanese.　A.say　B.speak　C.tell　D.talk　4.Thepatientwaswarned___oilyfoodaftertheoperation.　A.toeatnot　B.eatingnot　C.nottoeat　D.noteating　5.----Iusuallygotherebytrain.　　----Whynot___byboatforachange?　A.totrygoing　B.tryingtogo　C.totryandgo　D.trygoing　6.Therearesomebooksonthefloor,wouldyoulike________?　A.topickthemup　B.topickupthem　C.pickitup　D.pickupit　7.Sheisveryill,let"s_______adoctoratonce.　A.towakeup　B.sendfor　C.topayfor　D.payfor　8.Iwant________ateacherwhenIgrowup.　A.tobe　B.to　C.be　D.being　9.It"scoldhere.You"dbetter______yourcoat.　A.nottakeout　B.nottotakedown　C.nottakeoff　D.nottotakeaway　10.Mymothertoldme________morewater.　A.drinking　B.drank　C.todrink　D.drink 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　实战：1.You"dbetter_______readinthesun.　A.notto　B.not　C.don"t　D.to　2.Youaren"tanewdriver,areyou?_______.　A.No,Iam　B.Yes,I"mnot　C.No,youare　D.Yes,Iam　3.MustIstayherenow?_________.　A.No,youmustn"t　B.No,youneedn"t　C.Yes,youcan　D.Yes,youmay　4.Thereis_______"s"intheword"bus".　A.a　B.an　C.the　D./　5.Neithereofus______adoctor.　A.is　B.isn"t　C.are　D.aren"t　6.Whowasthefirstinthegirls"_________race?　A.400metre　B.400-metre　C.400metres　D.400-metres　7.It"stoonoisyhere,Ican"t_______.　A.gotosleep　B.falltosleep　C.sleeping　D.gettosleep　8.Thestoryhappened________theeveningofOctober20,1995.　A.at　B.on　C.in　D.to 　9.CouldIspeaktoMrGao,please?________.Hehasgonetothehospital.　A.Ithinkso　B.Certainly,youcan　C.I"mafraidnot　D.I"mnotsure　10.I"msorrytotroubleyou,MissHu.________.　A.Fine,thankyou.　B.Allright.　C.It"sverykindofyou.　D.Itdoesn"tmatter.　11.Canyoutellmewhere________?　A.isthepostoffice　B.thepostofficeis　C.doesthepostoffice　D.thepostofficedoes　12.InEngland,thefirstnameis_______name,butinChina,thefirstnameis______name.　A.family,given　B.given,family　C.family,family　D.given,given　13.LiPingmetanoldfriendof_______onatrainyesterday.　A.he　B.him　C.his　D.her　14.Kateis________girl.　A.aeighteen-year-old　B.aeighteen-years-old　C.aneighteen-years-old　D.aneighteen-year-old　15.Ourcityisgetting________.　A.beautifulandbeautiful　B.beautifulerandbeautifuler　C.moreandmorebeautiful　D.morebeautiflerandmorebeautifuler