小学六年级英语语法详解和练习[全] 15页

WORD完美格式编辑英语语法动词时态一般现在时态：用法：1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。构成：1.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：　Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：　WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。　当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句：1.be动词的变化。　否定句：主语+be+not+其它。　如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。　一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。　如：-Areyouastudent?　　　-Yes.Iam./No,I"mnot.　特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Whereismybike?2.行为动词的变化。　否定句：主语+don"t(doesn"t)+动词原形(+其它)。如：　Idon"tlikebread.　当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn"t构成否定句。如：　Hedoesn"toftenplay.专业资料整理 WORD完美格式编辑　一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如：　-Doyouoftenplayfootball?　-Yes,Ido./No,Idon"t.　当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：　-Doesshegotoworkbybike?　-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn"t.　特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?一般现在时练习1.Weoften___________(play)intheplayground.2.He_________(get)upatsixo’clock.3.__________you_________(brush)yourteetheverymorning？4.What(do)heusually(do)afterschool?5.Danny(study)English,Chinese,Maths,ScienceandArtatschool.6.Mikesometimes__________(go)totheparkwithhissister.7.Ateightatnight,she__________(watch)TVwithhisparents.8.________Mike________(read)Englisheveryday?9.Howmanylessons_________yourclassmate________(have)onMonday?10.Whattime_________hismother_________(do)thehousework?改句子1.Doyouoftenplayfootballafterschool?(肯定回答)2.Ihavemanybooks.（改为否定句）3.GaoShan’ssisterlikesplayingtabletennis（改为否定句）4.ShelivesinasmalltownnearNewYork.（改为一般疑问句）5.IwatchTVeveryday.（改为一般疑问句）专业资料整理 WORD完美格式编辑6.Davidhasagoal.（改为一般疑问句）7.Wehavefourlessons.（否定句）8.Nancydoesn’trunfast（肯定句）9.Mydogrunsfast.（改为一般疑问句）否定句：10.Mikehastwolettersforhim.一般疑问句：否定句：IusuallyplayfootballonFridayafternoon.一般疑问句：否定句：②现在进行时表示现在正在发生的事情。结构:be+doing(现在分词)现在分词的构成：时间状语标志：now,look,listen动词的ing形式有如下方法：A.在动词后直接加ing:go-going,wash-washing,fly—flying专业资料整理 WORD完美格式编辑B.以单个元音+单个辅音+e结尾，去掉e加ing,如：drive—driving,ride--ridingC.某些单词要双写词尾的字母：swim-swimmingrun—runningget--getting练习：1．MrZheng(read)abooknow.2.Therabbits(jump)now.3..Look!TomandJohn(swim).4.Mybrother(make)akiteinhisroomnow.5.Look!Thebus(stop).6.We(have)anEnglishclassnow.7.Listen!Someoneis(come).8.They(catch)butterfliesnow.9.He(do)anexperimentnow.10.They(collect)stampsnow.11.Look!He(dive)now.12.Tom(watch)TVinthediningroom.13.Thedoctors(get)offthebus.14.Comeon.They(leave)now.15.It(eat)fishnow.16.Myfather(work)intheofficenow.专业资料整理 WORD完美格式编辑17.Whereisyourmother?She(answer)thephone.18.Theteachers(run)now③一般将来时:一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。二、基本结构：①begoingto+do；②will+do.三、否定句：在be动词（am,is,are）后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。例如：I’mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.→I’mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any,and改为or，第一二人称互换。例如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.→Areyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1.    问人。Who例如：I’mgoingtoNewYorksoon.→Who’sgoingtoNewYorksoon.专业资料整理 WORD完美格式编辑2.    问干什么。What…do.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethis  afternoon.→Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.3.    问什么时候。When.例如：She’sgoingtogotobedatnine.→Whenisshegoing  tobed?六、同义句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow（明天）.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.练习：填空。1.  我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_____________________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.2.  下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。What___________________________________________nextMonday?I__________________playbasketball.What_________youdonextMonday?I________playbasketball.3.      你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。专业资料整理 WORD完美格式编辑_____yourmother_______________goshoppingthis___________?Yes,she_________.She________________________buysomefruit.4.      你们打算什么时候见面。Whattime_______you___________________meet?改句子。5.      Nancyisgoingtogocamping.（改否定）Nancy________goingtogocamping.6.      I’llgoandjointhem.（改否定）I_______go______jointhem.7.      I’mgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）_______________________togetupat6:30tomorrow?8.      Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.（改一般疑问句）_______________meetatthebusstopat10:30.9.      Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.（对划线部分提问）_______________she_________________________afterschool?10.      Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.(同上)__________________goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.专业资料整理 WORD完美格式编辑用所给词的适当形式填空。11.      Todayisasunnyday.We___________________(have)apicnicthisafternoon.12.      Mybrother_______________(go)toShanghainextweek.13.      Tomoften______________(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He______________(go)toschoolbybike.14.      Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?Iusually__________(watch)TVand____________(catch)insects?15.      It’sFridaytoday.What_____she_________(do)thisweekend?She______________(watch)TVand_____________(catch)insects.16.      What___________(d0)youdolastSunday?I____________(pick)applesonafarm.What______________(do)nextSunday?I______________(milk)cows.17.      Mary____________(visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.18.      LiuTao____________(fly)kitesintheplaygroundyesterday.19.      David______________(give)apuppetshownextMonday.20.      I________________(plan)formystudynow专业资料整理 WORD完美格式编辑④一般过去时态:表示过去一段时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。概念：表示过去经常发生、反复发生的动作、行为，以及过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态。时间状语：ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek(year,night,month…),in1989,justnow,attheageof5,etc.基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词Whenhewasyoung,heranfast.Isawhimintheparkyesterday.Therewere2birdsonthetreejustnow.Shewasshortlastyear,butnowsheistall.否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn"t，同时还原行为动词。Shewasnotshortlastyear.Theywerenotbusylastweek.Hedidnotgotoworkyesterday.TomdidnotwatchedTVlastnight.一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②用did提问，同时还原行为动词。☆动词过去式规则变化直接加“ed”：work→worked以不发音的e结尾的加“d”：live→lived以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加“ed”：study→stuied以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母加“ed”：stop→stopped☆动词过去式不规则变化do→didread→readsit→satrun→ranhave→hadhas→hadis→wasare→weresee→sawmake→madego→wenteat→ate一般过去时的练习I.用所给的动词的适当形式填空。专业资料整理 WORD完美格式编辑⒈He___________(visit)theGreatWalllastyear.2.We____________(have)agoodtimeyesterday.3.Weoften__________(go)toschoolbybuslastyear.4.I__________(live)inthevillagewhenIwasachild.5.Mike__________(see)abigtigerinthenatureparklastyear.6.Sam___________(do)thehouseworkyesterday.7.________(do)you_________(enjoy)yourselfyesterday?8.________(do)you__________(play)theviolinintheartroomyesterday?9..I__________(eat)abigpizzayesterday.10.There_________(be)manysheeponthefarmlastyear.11.I_________(watch)acartoononSaturday.12.Herfather__________(read)anewspaperlastnight.13.We_________tozooyesterday,we___________tothepark.(go)14._________you__________(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?15._________he__________(fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he__________.II.选择填空()1.Shewateredtheflowers________.AtomorrowBsometimesCyesterdaymorning()2.What____Mikedolastweekend?AdoBdoesCdid()3.I___myroomlastSunday.AcleanedBcleanCamcleaning()5._____you_____TVlastnight.ADo,watchBDid,watchCDid,watched()6.---Didyourfatherwriteane-mailyesterday？AYes,hedid.BYes,hedoesCNo,hedon’t()7.They_____onatripinFebruary,2007.AaregoingBgoingCwent专业资料整理 WORD完美格式编辑()9.____he____footballtwodaysago?ADoes,playBDid,playedCDid,play三．改错题(请改正每个句子中的一个错误)　　1．HowisJaneyesterday?_____________________________________　　2．Hegotoschoolbybuslastweek.________________________________　　3．Hegoeshomeat6:00lastmonth.________________________________　　5．Didyousawhimjustnow?______________________________　　8．Hewaitforyouthreehoursago._________________________________　　四、句型转换。　　1.Thechildrenhadagoodtimeinthepark.　　否定句：_____________________________________　　一般疑问句：_____________________________________　　　2.Therewereaboutninehundredpeopleattheconcert.　　否定句：_____________________________________　　一般疑问句：_____________________________________　　　4.IreadanEnglishbooklastweek　　否定句：_____________________________________　　一般疑问句：_____________________________________　　肯定/否定回答：____________________________________专业资料整理 WORD完美格式编辑　　　5.Mybrotherwasintheparkjustnow.　　否定句：_____________________________________　　一般疑问句：_____________________________________.简单句陈述句I’magoodteacher.I’vegotanewsweater.She’sgotabrother.疑问句(1.)一般疑问句DoyouoftenwatchTV?Haveyougotanewbook?（2.）特殊疑问句whohowmanyhowmuchwhosewhenWhendidyoucomeback?What’syourname?祈使句(1.)Pleasesitdown.(2.)Let’sgotoschool.感叹句(1.)Whatafineday!(2.)Howfastheruns!并列句and,but,so(1.).Hello,I’mLinglingandI’mfromChina.（2).IlikeapplesbutDaminglikesbananas.therebe结构专业资料整理 WORD完美格式编辑结构：(1)Thereis+单数可数名词/不可数名词(2)Thereare+复数名词例：Thereisacuponthedesk.Thereissomecoffeeinthecup.Therearesomecupsonthedesk.句型转换:(1)改成否定句：Therebe句型的否定式，在be后加上not。some改成any例：Therearesomepicturesonthewall.→Therearen"tanypicturesonthewall.Therearenopicturesonthewall.(2)改成一般疑问句：Therebe句型的一般疑问句变化，把be动词放到句首，其它照抄，some改为any肯定回答：Yes，thereis.或Yes,thereare.否定回答：No,thereisn’t.或No，therearen’t.例：Thereisabikebehindthetree.→Isthereabikebehindthetree?肯定回答：Yes,thereis.否定回答：No,thereisn’t.Therearesomebirdsonthetree.→Arethereanybirdsonthetree?肯定回答：Yes,thereare.否定回答：No,therearen’t.考点：“就近原则”例：Thereisacuponthedesk.Thereisacupandtwoeggsonthedesk.Therearetwoeggsandacuponthedesk.【练习】专业资料整理 WORD完美格式编辑一、根据句意填空1.桌子上有一本书和两支钢笔。There_____abookandtwopensonthedesk.2.钱包里有些钱。There____somemoneyinthepurse.3.在吉姆的书包里有一些卡片。___________somecardsinJim’sbag.4.我们学校有许多班。There_____many_____inourschool.5.水里有一些鱼。There____________inthewater.二、选择填空1．There________noteainthecup．A．isB．areC．hasD．be2．Thereissome________ontheplate．A．appleB．breadC．bananaD．fish4．There________somepaperandapenonthedesk．A．isB．areC．haveD．has5．There________notanywaterintheglass．A．hasB．isC．are6.Thereisn"t________paperinthebox．A．anyB．someC．aD．an7．There________somewaterinthebottle．A．areB．isC．hasD．have8．Howmany________arethereinyourclassroom？A．desksB．deskC．chairD．door9.There___anyriceinthebowl.A.areB.isC.isn’tD.aren’t10.There___not____milkinthecuponthetable.A.are,manyB.are,muchC.is,manyD.is,much11.There____pencil-box,twobooksandsomeflowersonthedesk.A.isaB.aresomeC.hasaD.havesome12.Arethere________picturesonthewall?No,therearen’t________.A.anyanyBsomeanyC.somesomeD.anysome专业资料整理 WORD完美格式编辑三、将下列句子变成否定句和一般疑问句1.Thereissomewaterinthebottle.否定句：___________________________________________一般疑问句：___________________________________________肯定回答：__________________否定回答：_________________________2.Therearesomeapplesinthebox.否定句：___________________________________________一般疑问句：___________________________________________肯定回答：__________________否定回答：_________________________四．用 "have,has"or "there is , there are"  填空1. ______________a library in the school?  2. What does Mike___________?  3. ______________any books in the bag?  4._______________a story-book on the table.  5. _______________any flowers in the vase?  6. How many students____________in the classroom?  7. _____________some coffee in the cup.  专业资料整理