高中英语语法形容词副词 4页

-形容词及副词一、形容词1.(1)作定语It’sabeautifuldaytoday.注意：形容词修饰something,anything,nothing等复合不定代词时要后置。Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.以a-开头的表状态的形容词（afraid,alone,awake,asleep,alive,alike,ashamed,unable,----worth）要后置。Hewastheonlymanawakeatthattime.----2).作表语Don’tfeelsad.Tastinggood,thiskindofcakesellswell.3).作宾补Wemustkeepourclassroomclean.4).作状语Theboywenttoschool,coldandhungry.2.以ly结尾的形容词friendlylovelylivelysillyfatherlymotherlyweeklydailymonthly----yearlydeadlylonelymanlytimelylikely3表倍数的几种句式1)⋯⋯倍数+as+形容词原级+as⋯..2)⋯⋯倍数+比较级+than⋯⋯⋯⋯3)⋯⋯倍数+the+名词（size/length/width/height/depth）+of⋯----4)The+名词+be+⋯.倍数+what从句----5)The+名词+be+⋯.倍数+that/thoseof⋯.----AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.=AsiaisfourtimeslargerthanEurope.=AsiaisfourtimesthesizeofEurope.Theoutputofthisyearis3timesthatof2008.Theoutputofthisyearis3timeswhatitwasin2008.4形容词+ly变副词的规则1）一般情况加-ly.quick---quicklybrave---bravelyimmediate---immediately2)以“y”结尾的，且读音为/i/，先将“y”改成“i”，再加“ly”，如：happy-happily;----heavy-heavily;angry-angrily;busy-busilyeasy---easily但是如果读音为/ai/，直接加----ly，如：dry-dryly;shy---shyly----3)以le结尾，去e加y:simple---simplygentle---gentlypossible---possiblyprobable---probablycomfortable---comfortablyterrible---terribly----considerable-considerablyincredible-incredibly但是whole-wholly例外。--- -4)元音字母加e结尾，去e加ly:true---trulydue---duly绝大多数辅音字母加e结尾的形容词直接加-ly。如：polite-politely;wide-widely;wise-wisely;nice-nicely5)ll结尾只加y:full---fullydull---dully6)ic结尾加ally:basic---basicallyscientific---scientifically但是public-publicly例外7)hurry名词或动词，hurried形容词，hurriedly副词unexpectedly5形容词的比较级及最高级变化规则1）一般加-er或-est。strong—stronger—strongest----2）以字母e结尾直接加-r或-st.late—later—latestfinefinerfinestnicenicer----nicestwidewiderwidest----3）需双写结尾字母后再加-er或-est。glad–gladder–gladdesthot—hotter–hottestthin—thinner–thinnestbig–bigger–biggestfat—fatter–fattestwet—wetter–wettestsad—sadder–saddestred–redder–reddestslim—slimmer–slimmest4）变y为i再加-er或-est。angry–angrier–angriestmerry–merrier–merriestpretty–prettier—prettiestugly–uglier–ugliestearly—earlier–earliesteasy—easier----–easiesthappy–happier–happiest----5）其他双音节或多音节词，加more或most：enthusiastic–moreenthusiastic–most----enthusiastic不规则变化----Good/well---better–mostbad/ill---worse---worstlittle–less–least----Much/many–more---most----far---farther距离更远/further距离更远或程度更深入—farthest/furthest----old—older(指年龄较长的；新旧)/elder(只指年龄较长的)---oldest/eldest----副词----1基本用法1）做状语Lookatthephotocarefully.----2)少数地点或时间副词，如：here、there、home、abroad、upstairs、above、below、yesterday、today、tomorrow等作后置定语。Thepeopletherewereveryfriendly.Doyouknowthemanupstairs?3)作表语，如：in、out、on、back、up、down、off、away、downstairs、upstairs等Istheradioonoroff?--- -4)作宾补Sorrytohavekeptyouupsolate.2兼有两种形式的副词Deep深地(具体的深度)–deeply深深地（抽象概念）close(靠近地)---closely(密切地)High(高地)—highly(高度地)wide(宽地)---widely(广泛地)late(晚)--lately(最近)Free（免费）--freely（自由地）hard(努力地、辛苦地)–hardly（几乎不）most最，很――mostly主要地，几乎全部near靠近―nearly几乎，差不多Youhavecometoolate.Whathaveyoubeendoinglately.Youcaneatfreeinmyrestaurantwheneveryoulike.Youmayspeakfreely;saywhatyoulike.Youhavetoworkhard.Whathesaidwashardlytrue.Whichpartoftheconcertdidyoulikemost.Itisamostinterestingfilm.SheismostlyoutonSundays.副词固定搭配wideopen敞开，睁得很大wideawake完全没睡着deepintothenight到深夜deepinthought深思hereandthere到处upanddown上上下下常用句型1比较级+and+比较级―越来越⋯‖Myhometownisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.2the+比较级,the+比较级―越⋯,越⋯‖TheolderIget,thehappierIfeel.3“比较级+than+anyother+单数名词”可替换最高级Tomrunsfasterthananyotherstudentinhisclass.=Tomrunsfastestinhisclass.4“比较级+than+alltheother+复数名词”可替换最高级Sheismorebeautifulthanalltheothergirlsinourschool.=Sheisthemostbeautifulgirlinourschool.5“否定词+比较级+than+其他”替换最高级Nothingismorevaluablethanhealthforus.=Healthisthemostvaluableforus.6“否定词+as/so+原级+as”替换最高级Nostudentisas/sodiligentasJiminourclass.=Jimisthemostdiligentstudentinourclass.7―the+形容词比较级+of⋯‖两者中较⋯.的一个Heisthetallerofthetwobrothers.--- -8.MorethanHeismorethanafriendtome.9.LessthanThelightestweighslessthan50kilograms.10.nomorethanHisentireschooleducationaddeduptonomorethanoneyear.11.NotmorethanHehasnotmorethantwentyyuaninhispocket.12.Beseniorto/bejuniorto/besuperiorto/beinferiorto13oneof形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的状语Shanghaiisoneofthebiggestcitiesinourcountry.14序数词+形容词最高级+名词Africaisthesecondlargestcontinentintheworld.15倍数+as+形容词/副词+as倍数+形容词/副词的比较级+than倍数+the+名词（height/length/depth/size）of倍数+what从句The+名词+be+倍数+that/thoseofAsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.Theproductionnowisthreetimeswhatitwastenyearsago.---