2011-2018高考英语语法填空真题及答案-(7462) 7页

...历年高考语法填空真题1.(2018全国卷I)阅谈下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears61(long)thannon-runners.Youdon?thavetorunfastorforlong62(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof63________(die)earlybyrunning.Whilerunningregularlycan?tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit64(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife65walking,cyclingorswimming.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin201466showedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall67(cause).Thebestexerciseisonethatyouenjoyandwilldo.Butotherwise...it?sprobablyrunning.To avoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto68(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉)，avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.Runningischeap,easyandit?salwa6y9s(energy).Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive70atry.2.(2018全国卷II)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Dietshavechangedinchina-andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry61____(grow)morecornthanrice。Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover__62__past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.Atasteformeatis63_____(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonforcorn"srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice64_________(improve)waterquality.Cornuseslesswater_65_____riceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.Thisswitchhasdecreased66________(pollute)inthecountry"smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal67______(globe)fertilizerconsumption.TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005-whenthegovernment68______(start)asoil-testingprogram69_________givesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers-and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.Thatpreventedtheemission(排放)of51.8milliontonsofcarbondioxide.China"sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile70_____(feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide,”saysthebank"sJuergenoVegele.3.(2018全国卷III)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。I"mnotsure61ismorefrightened,meorthefemalegorilla(大猩猩)thatsuddenlyappearsoutofnowhere.I"mwalkingonapathintheforestintheCentralAfricanRepublic.Unexpectedly,I"mface-to-facewiththegorilla,whobeginsscreamingat62topofherlungs.Thatmakesherbabyscream,andthena400-poundmaleappears.Hescreamsthe63(loud)ofall.Thenoiseshakesthetreesasthemalebeatshischestandchargestowardme.Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid64(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn"tfeel65 (challenge).MynameisMireyaMayor.I"ma66(science)whostudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.Iwassearching67thesethreewesternlowlandgorillasI"dbeenobserving.Noonehadseenthemforhours,andmycolleaguesandIwereworried.WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind68(they)alive.Truetogorilla"sunaggressivenature,thehugeanimal69(mean)norealharm.Hewasjustsaying:1... ...“I"mkingofthisforest,andhereisyourreminder!”Oncehismessagewasdelivered,hea70(stay)andwatch.1.（2017全国Ⅰ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Therehasbeenarecenttrendinthefoodserviceindustrytowardlowerfatcontentandlesssalt.Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity（医学界）61amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedside62(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdisease—theverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight.Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired63(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.Whenfatandsalt64(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifismissingsomething.As65result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.Even66(bad),theamountof fastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.Fastfood67(be)fulloffatandsalt;by68(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(吃点心)betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood.However,be69(care)nottogotoextremes.Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,70isnotgoodforthehealth.2.（2017全国Ⅱ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In1863thefirstundergroundpassengerrailwayintheworldopenedinLondon.Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible__61__(crowd)ontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoand__________62__work.Ittookthreeyearstocompleteandwasbuiltusinganinterestingmethod.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,____63___(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover___64___top.Whenallthosehadbeendone,theroadsurfacewasreplaced.Steamengines___65__(use)topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen___66__(fair)unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusing___67__everyday.Later,engineers____68___(manage)toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnel隧s(道）,whichbecameknowntothetube.Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe___69___(introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.ThecentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost ___70___(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.Ithadwhite-paintedtunnelsandbrightredcarriages,andprovedextremelypopularwiththepublic.3.（2017全国Ⅲ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Shelookslikeanyotherschoolgirl,fresh-facedandfulloflife.SarahThomasislookingforwardtochallengeofhernewA-levelcourse.Butunlikeschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-term61________(rest).Instead,sheisearning$6500aday6a2s__________modelinNewYork.Sarah63__________(tell)thatshecouldbeBritain?snewsupermodelearningamilliondollarsinthenewyear.HerfatherPeter44,wantshertogiveupschooltomodelfulltimeButSara6h4,_______hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodelswan6ts5_________(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.Sheisdeterminedtocarryonwithh6e6r_________(educate).Shehasturneddownseveral67_______(invitation)tostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudiesAfterschoolsheplanstotakeayearofftomodelfulltimebeforegoingtouniversitytogetadegree68___________engineeringorarchitecture.Sarahsays,"MydadthinksIshouldtaketheoffernow.Butatthemoment,scho6o9l___________(come)first.Idon"twanttogettooabsorbedinmodeling.Iti7s0_________(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.Idon"twanttohavenothingelsetofallbackonwhenIcan"tmodelmymore."2... ...1.（2016全国Ⅰ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires,Asia?sbiggestbudiling,andfancynewhotels.Butfortouristslikeme,pandasareitstop____61____(attract).Soitwasagreathonourtobeinvitedbackstageatthenot-for-profitPandaBase,whereticketmoneyhelpspayforresearch,I_____62______（__allow）togetupclosetothesecuteanimalsatthe600-acrecentre.Fromtomorrow,IwillbetheirUKambassador.Thetitlewillbe__63_________(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.Butmyconnectionwithpandasgoesback____64________mydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,____65_________IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter__66_______(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.Myambassadorialdutieswillinclude____67______(introduce)British visitorstothe120-pluspandasatChengduandothersataresearchinthemistymountainsofBifengxia.Onmyrecentvisit,Ihelpalivelythree-month-oldtwinthathadbeenrejectedby_68____(it)mother.Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfew__69______(day)withhissistersothatwhileoneisbeingbottle-fed,__70____otheriswithmum-sheneversuspects.2.（2016全国卷Ⅱ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Ifyoufeelstressedbyresponsibilitiesatwork,youshouldtakeastepbackandidenti（fy识别）thoseof61_______(great)andlessimportance.Then,handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyou"llfeelarealsenseof62________(achieve).Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow63___(be)oftenacceptable.Mostofusaremorefocused64ourtasksinthemorningthanwearelaterintheday.Sogetanearlystartandtrytobeasproductive65_____possiblebeforelunch.Thiswillgiveyoutheconfidenceyouneedtogetyouthroughtheafternoonandgohomefeelingaccomplished.Recent66(study)showthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaks67______(regular).Giveyourbodyandbrainarestbysteppingoutsidefor68while,exercising,ordoingsomethingyouenjoy.Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice,you"llbelesslikely69_____(bring)yourworkhome.Itcouldbeanything,gardening,cooking,music,sports—butwhateveritis,70_______(make)sureit"sarelieffromdailystressratherthananotherthingtoworryabout.3.（2016全国卷Ⅲ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。InmuchofAsia,especiallytheso-called“ricebowl”culturesofChina,Japan,Korea,41Vietnam,foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.Chopsticksareusuallytwolong,thinpiecesofwoodorbamboo.Theycanalsobemadeofplastic,animalboneormetal.Sometimeschopsticksarequiteartistic.Trulyelegantchopsticksmight42(make)ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.Skilledworkersalsocombinevarious hardwoodsandmetal43________(create)specialdesigns.TheChinesehaveusedchopsticksforfivethousandyears.Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots,44____________(use)twigs(树枝)toremoveit.Overtime,45thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich46(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,47_____________-livedfrom3... ...roughly551to479B.C.,influencedthe48________(develop)ofchopsticks.Confuciusbelieved kniveswouldremindpeopleofkillingsand49___________(be)tooviolentforuseatthetable.ChopsticksarenotusedeverywhereinAsia.InIndia,forexample,mostpeopletraditionallyeat50____________theirhands.1.（2015全国Ⅰ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。Yangshuo,ChinaItwasraininglightlywhenI__61______(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.ButIdidn?tcare.Afewhours__62_____,I?dbeenathomeinHongKong,with__63_____(it)chokingsmog.Here,theairwascleanandfresh,evenwiththerain.I?dskippednearbyGuilin,adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiver_64________arepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinese_65_______(painting).Instead,I?dheadedstraightforYangshuo.ForthosewhoflytoGuilin,it?sonlyanhouraway__66____________carandoffersallthesceneryofthebetter-knowncity.Yangshuo__67________(be)reallybeautiful.Astudyoftravelers_68_____________(conduct)bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld.AndthetownisfastbecomingapopularweekenddestinationforpeopleinAsia.Abercrombie&Kent,a travelcompanyinHongKong,saysit_69___________(regular)arrangesquickgetawayshereforpeople_70____________(live)inShanghaiandHongKong.2.（2015全国卷Ⅱ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Theadobedwellings(土坯房)61______（build）bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeven62________mostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheir63______(able)to“air condition”ahousewithout64(use)electricequipment.Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat65________(slow)duringcoolnights,thuswarmingthehouse.Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough66_______(cool)thehouseduringthehotday;67_______________thesame time,theywarmupagainforthenight.Thiscycle68___________(go)dayafterday:Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandarethusalwaysatimelyoffset抵(消)fortheoutsidetemperatures.As69__________(nature)architects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactly70_________thicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.3.（2014全国卷Ⅰ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Areyoufacingasituationthatlooksimpossibletofix?In1969,thepollutionwasterriblealongtheCuyahogaRiverCleveland,Ohio.It__61____（be）unimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleanedup.Theriverwassopollutedthatit ____62____(actual)caughtfireandburned.Now,earslater,thisriverisoneof_63___mostoutstandingexamplesofenvironmentalcleanup.Buttheriverwasn?tchangedinafewdays__64____evenafewmonths.Ittookyearsofwork__65______(reduce)theindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater.Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris___66_____(clean)thanever.Maybeyouarefacinganimpossiblesituation.Maybeyouleaveahabit__67___isdrivingyour4... ...familycrazy.Possiblyyoudrinktoomuchordon?tknowhowtocontrolyourcreditcarduse.Whenyoufacesuchanimpossiblesituation,don?tyouwantaquickfixandsomethingtochangeimmediately?Whilethereare___68_______(amaze)storiesofinstanttransformation,formostofusthe___69_______(change)aregradualandrequirealotofeffortandwork,likecleaningupapollutedriver.Justbe70_________(patience)1.（2014全国Ⅱ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Onemorning,Iwaswaitingatthebusstop,worriedabout__41___(be)lateforschool.Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,___42____someofthemlookedveryanxiousand___43__(disappoint).whenthebusfinallycame,weallhurriedonboard.Igotaplacenext ____44___thewindow,soIhadagoodviewofthesidewalk.Aboyonabike____45___(catch)myattention.Hewasridingbesidethebusandwavinghisarms.Iheardapassengerbehindmeshoutingtothedriver,butherefused____46___(stop)untilwereachedthenextstop.Still,theboykept____47___(ride).Hewascarryingsomethingoverhisshoulderandshouting.Finally,whenwecametothenextstop,theboyranupthedoorofthebus.Iheardanexcitedconversation.Thenthedriverstoodupandasked,“____48___anyoneloseasuitcaseatthelaststop?thebus”Awom shouted,“Oh,dear,!sIt____49___(I)”.Shepushedherwaytothedriverandtookthesuitcasethankfully.Fiveothersonthebusbegantalkingaboutwhattheboyhaddoneandthecrowdofstrangers50________(sudden)becamefriendlytooneanother.passage11.resting1.greater2.before/earlier1.as2.a2.achievement3.its2.effects3.hasbeentold/was3.is4.that/which3.toprocesstold4.on5.paintings4.areremoved4.who5.as6.by5.a5.toprove6.studies7.is6.worse6.education7.regularly8.conducted7.is7.invitations8.a9.regularly8.eating8.in9.tobring10.living9.careful9.comes10.makepassage810.which10.certainlypassage61.builtpassage2passage41.and2.the1.crowds1.attraction2.bemade3.ability2.from2.wasallowed3.tocreate4.using3.laying3.officially4.using5.slowly4.the4.to5.as/when6.tocool5.wereused5.when6.gradually7.at6.fairly6.permitted7.who8.goes7.it7.introducing8.development9.natural8.managed8.its9.were10.how9.introduction9.days10.withpassage910.successful10.thepassage71.waspassage3passage51.arrived2.actually5... ...1.thePassage132.or1.which1.toreduce2.cleaner62.the7.that/which8.amazing9.changes63.loudest64.looking10.patient65.challengedpassage1066.scientist1.being2.and67.for3.disappointed68.them4.to69.meant5.caught6.tostop7.riding70.tostay8.Did9.me/mine10.suddenlyPassage111.longer2.tosee3.dying4.is5.than6.that/which7.causes8.strengthen9.energetic10.it/runningPassage1261.hasgrown62.the63.actually64.toimprove65.than66.pollution67.global68.started69.that/which... ...61.feeding6...